EP1240683B1 - Verfahren zur entkopplung von antennen in einem ko-lokalisierten antennensystem, sensor und entsprechende anwendung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur entkopplung von antennen in einem ko-lokalisierten antennensystem, sensor und entsprechende anwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1240683B1
EP1240683B1 EP00988923A EP00988923A EP1240683B1 EP 1240683 B1 EP1240683 B1 EP 1240683B1 EP 00988923 A EP00988923 A EP 00988923A EP 00988923 A EP00988923 A EP 00988923A EP 1240683 B1 EP1240683 B1 EP 1240683B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antennas
sensor according
mast
active
down cables
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00988923A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1240683A1 (de
Inventor
François MARIE
Louis Bertel
Dominique Lemur
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Universite de Rennes 1
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Universite de Rennes 1
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1242—Rigid masts specially adapted for supporting an aerial
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/528—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the re-radiation of a support structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of co-located antenna systems, that is to say electronic systems comprising a plurality of active antennas grouped at the same point so as to have the same phase center.
  • the invention relates to a sensor of the type comprising such a system of co-located antennas, as well as a mast, at the top end of which are placed antennas, and down cables to one (or more) receiver (s), to which are connected the antennas.
  • antenna response is meant in the context of the description presence a relation (generally vectorial) between the electric (or magnetic) field incident to an antenna and the signal present at the output of this antenna.
  • a relation generally vectorial
  • this response can be represented by a complex quantity depending on the type of antenna, its environment. its geographic position (at high frequencies, typically 3-30 MHz) and its orientation.
  • antenna responses can be obtained either by calculation or simulation, or by different measurements carried out on the co-located antenna system.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to overcome this drawback major of the state of the art.
  • one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a sensor of the aforementioned type (including in particular a system of co-located antennas, a mast and down cables), but whose antennas are decoupled electromagnetically between them.
  • the invention also aims to allow such decoupling, so simple and inexpensive.
  • Another object of the invention is to allow such decoupling in a large frequency range.
  • a sensor of the type comprising an antenna system co-located, itself comprising at least two active antennas having the same phase center, said antennas being placed at a high end of a mast and being connected to down cables.
  • the mast is made of a dielectric material
  • the sensor includes filtering means arranged on at least one of said cables descent, so as to decouple said antennas.
  • the general principle of the invention therefore consists in eliminating the first and second types of coupling mentioned above, using respectively a dielectric mast (elimination of current distributions on the mast) and filtering means on the down cables (attenuation or even elimination of current distributions on these cables).
  • said filtering means comprise elements of ferrites - preferably toroids or ferrite tubes - around which is wound at least one of said down cables.
  • the characteristics of the ferrite elements are chosen so as to introduce the desired attenuation (typically 30 dB) of the surface currents at the frequencies considered.
  • the toroids exhibit good efficiency due to the presence of a loop closed.
  • the tubes facilitate assembly since the cables can be there easily slipped.
  • said ferrite elements are of at least two types different.
  • the filtering is carried out in a wide frequency band.
  • the order of placement of ferrite type on cables does not matter.
  • said filtering means comprise at least two filters distributed over at least one of said down cables, and each of said filters comprises at least one ferrite element.
  • Such spacing, regular or not, of filters aims to optimize the quality of the filtering on a given cable length and for a band of frequencies given.
  • At least one first filter is placed immediately at the output of the active parts of said antennas.
  • the active parts of antennas are sometimes also called electronic parts.
  • At least one last filter is placed at ground level.
  • surface (sheath) currents these tend to seek to reach the lowest possible potential (zero of food or earth).
  • the invention makes it possible to prevent a current induced on an antenna induces a sheath current likely to reach a supply zero of another antenna or escape towards the earth. Once the lines have reached the ground, the currents of sheath are only weakly generated and tend to be naturally attracted to floor. However, for safety, we maintain some decoupling devices (filtering) at ground level, for example a few centimeters.
  • each of said antennas comprises an active part and a radiating part, and the active parts of said antennas are contained in metal boxes electrically insulated from each other.
  • said metal boxes are located immediately at the output of the radiating parts of said antennas. This avoids the presence of a section of cable forming unwanted radiating part.
  • the adaptation between the impedance of the radiating part and the input impedance of the metal housings is optimized.
  • said filtering means comprise at at least one optical cable forming at least one of said down cables.
  • the absence of surface current on the optical cables avoids the second type of coupling cited above (between distributions of currents present on the radiating parts of antennas and current distributions that exist on conventional cables, type metallic).
  • the length of the descent cable on which are arranged said filtering means is limited to the height at which said said are placed antennas, at the high end of the mast.
  • At least one of said down cables is placed inside of said mast. This improves the overall aesthetics of the sensor. Note that this characteristic, made possible by the fact that the mast is made of dielectric material, does not does not constitute a constraint of good functioning.
  • At least one of said antennas is an antenna of the type active whip, replacing a vertical dipole type antenna. This is to prevent a radiating element of an antenna (such as a strand of a vertical dipole) is nearby immediate descent cables.
  • said antennas are of types and / or polarizations different, so as to create a so-called diversity of antennas.
  • said down cables are related to power supplies said antennas and / or the transport of signals from said antennas.
  • the antennas must be powered because they are active.
  • the signals are transported from the antennas to the receiver (s).
  • a single cable (power / signal transport), for example of coaxial type, can be used to connect each antenna to the receiver.
  • the invention also relates to a method of decoupling antennas within a system of co-located antennas. of the type comprising at least two antennas active having the same phase center, said antennas being placed at one end high of a mast and being connected to down cables.
  • this method consists in making the mast in a dielectric material, and in having the filtering means on at least one of said down cables.
  • the invention therefore relates to a sensor of the type comprising an antenna system co-located (see fig. 4), a mast (at the top end of which the antennas are placed), and down cables (from the antennas to one or more receivers).
  • FIG. 1 only illustrates the connection, by via a single down cable 3, between one 1 of the system antennas co-located antennas and a receiver 2. It is clear that in reality, each antenna of the co-located antenna system is connected by a down cable to a receiver. Not all antennas are connected to the same receiver. Many antennas can use the same down cable (multiplexing technique).
  • the antenna 1 is placed at the high end of the mast 4, at a height H from the ground. She comprises an active part 1a and a radiating part 1b.
  • the active part too called antenna preamplifier, is contained in a metal case. She is defined as a function of the antenna radiation impedance, so as to obtain the best possible adaptation between the radiating part 1b and the descent cable 3 (by example at 50 ⁇ ).
  • the metal boxes of the active parts of the different antennas co-located are electrically isolated from each other and located immediately ends of the radiating parts.
  • the single down cable 3 ensures both the supply and the transport of signals from the antenna 1.
  • the mast 4 is made of a dielectric material. In the example illustrated on the Figure 1, it is hollow and the down cables 3 are placed inside.
  • each down cable 3 is associated with a plurality of filters 5 1 , 5 2 , ..., 5 n .
  • the first filter 5 1 is placed immediately at the outlet of the active part 1b of the antenna 1, from which extends the descent cable 3.
  • the last filter (s) 5 n is (are) placed at ground level. However, it is unnecessary to place filters along the entire length of the portion of the cable that rests on the ground, provided that the length of the portion of cable on which the filters are placed exceeds the height at which the antenna is placed.
  • each filter 5 comprises six ferrite toroids 6 1 to 6 6 , namely a torus 6 5 of type 4C65, three 6 1 , 6 2 and 6 6 , of type 4A11 and two 6 3 and 6 4 of type 3C85.
  • a space D of about 4 cm exists between two successive tori.
  • the filters are for example spaced apart by a distance E of approximately 30 to 50 cm. The attenuations obtained by these filters vary from 45 dB at the frequency of 6 MHz to 40 dB at the frequency of 30 MHz.
  • the down cable 3 is wound several times (for example between eight and nine turns) around each ferrite core 6. It is by example of a coaxial cable of type RG58. It is clear that on the portion of cable connected to the receiver 2, another type of cable can be used, such as for example a coaxial cable POPE H1000 type, low loss (1 dB per 100 m, from 3 MHz to 30 MHz) and high screen (outer sheath made of a copper strip).
  • a coaxial cable POPE H1000 type low loss (1 dB per 100 m, from 3 MHz to 30 MHz
  • high screen outer sheath made of a copper strip.
  • n turns in one direction then m turns in the opposite direction, crossing the ferrite following a diagonal (when changing direction).
  • n is substantially equal to m.
  • the sensor described above can be used in particular, but not exclusively, in HF (3 to 30 MHz), VHF (30 to 300 MHz) and UHF (300 MHz to 3 GHz).
  • the filters must be made with ferrites adapted to the working frequencies.

Claims (18)

  1. Sensor von der Art, die ein System von gemeinsam angeordneten Antennen umfasst, der selbst mindestens zwei aktive Antennen (1; 41 bis 47) umfasst, welche dasselbe Phasenzentrum aufweisen, wobei diese Antennen am oberen Ende eines Mastes (4) montiert und mit abführenden Leitungen (3) verbunden sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mast (4) aus dielektrischem Material gefertigt ist und dass der Sensor über Filterungsmittel (5; 51 bis 5n) verfügt, die an mindestens einer dieser abführenden Leitungen angebracht sind, um eine Entkopplung der Antennen sicherzustellen.
  2. Sensor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Filterungsmittel Ferritelemente (61 bis 66) umfassen, um die mindestens eine der abführenden Leitungen (3) gewickelt ist.
  3. Sensor nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine abführende Leitung um jedes Ferritelement mit n Umwicklung(en) in einer ersten Richtung und mit m Umwicklung(en) in einer zweiten Richtung gewickelt ist, wobei n und m _ 1 ist.
  4. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ferritelemente zu der Gruppe gehören, die folgendes umfasst:
    Ferritkreisringe (61 bis 66);
    Ferritrohre.
  5. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ferritelemente von mindestens zwei verschiedenen Typen sind.
  6. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Filterungsmittel mindestens zwei Filter (5; 51 bis 5n) umfassen, die über mindestens eine der abführenden Leitungen verteilt sind, und
    dass jedes der Filter mindestens ein Ferritelement (61 bis 66) umfasst.
  7. Sensor nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Antennen einen aktiven Teil (1b) und einen abstrahlenden Teil (1a) umfasst und
    dass mindestens ein erstes Filter (51) unter den mindestens zwei Filtern unmittelbar am Ausgang der aktiven Teile der Antennen angebracht ist.
  8. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein letztes Filter (5n) unter den mindestens zwei Filtern auf Bodenhöhe angebracht ist.
  9. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Antennen einen aktiven Teil (1b) und einen abstrahlenden Teil (1a) umfasst und,
    dass die aktiven Teile dieser Antennen in gegeneinander elektrisch isolierten metallischen Gehäusen untergebracht sind.
  10. Sensor nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die metallischen Gehäuse unmittelbar am Ausgang der abstrahlenden Teile der Antennen angebracht sind.
  11. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Filterungsmittel mindestens ein optisches Kabel umfassen, welches mindestens eine der abführenden Leitungen bildet.
  12. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Länge der abführenden Leitungen, an denen die Filterungsmittel angebracht sind, auf die Höhe (H) begrenzt ist, auf der die Antennen am oberen Ende des Mastes angebracht sind.
  13. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der abführenden Leitungen (3) im Inneren des Mastes (4) verläuft.
  14. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der Antennen eine aktive Peitschenantenne ist, die eine vertikale Dipolantenne ersetzt.
  15. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antennen von verschiedenen Typen und/oder Polarisationen sind, um eine Antennenverschiedenartigkeit zu bilden.
  16. Sensor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die abführenden Leitungen (3) mit der Speisung der Antennen und/oder der Beförderung der aus den Antennen kommenden Signalen befasst sind.
  17. Verfahren zum Entkoppeln von Antennen innerhalb eines Systems von gemeinsam angeordneten Antennen von der Art, die mindestens zwei aktive Antennen (1; 41 bis 47) umfasst, die dasselbe Phasenzentrum aufweisen, wobei die Antennen am oberen Ende eines Mastes (4) angebracht und mit abführenden Leitungen (3) verbunden sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mast (4) aus dielektrischem Material gefertigt ist und
    dass Filterungsmittel (5; 51 bis 5n) an mindestens einer der abführenden Leitungen angeordnet sind.
  18. Verwendung eines Sensors nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16 für eine Technik aus der folgenden Gruppe:
    Funkpeilung;
    Unterdrückung von Störsendem;
    Senden;
    pseudo-räumliches Filtern;
    Bildung von Strahlenbündeln.
EP00988923A 1999-12-20 2000-12-14 Verfahren zur entkopplung von antennen in einem ko-lokalisierten antennensystem, sensor und entsprechende anwendung Expired - Lifetime EP1240683B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9916113A FR2802711B1 (fr) 1999-12-20 1999-12-20 Procede de decouplage d'antennes au sein d'un systeme d'antennes co-localisees, capteur et applications correspondants
FR9916113 1999-12-20
PCT/FR2000/003544 WO2001047057A1 (fr) 1999-12-20 2000-12-14 Procede de decouplage d'antennes au sein d'un systeme d'antennes co-localisees, capteur et applications correspondants

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1240683A1 EP1240683A1 (de) 2002-09-18
EP1240683B1 true EP1240683B1 (de) 2003-06-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00988923A Expired - Lifetime EP1240683B1 (de) 1999-12-20 2000-12-14 Verfahren zur entkopplung von antennen in einem ko-lokalisierten antennensystem, sensor und entsprechende anwendung

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US20030090428A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1240683B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2003518790A (de)
AT (1) ATE243370T1 (de)
AU (1) AU772757B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2393570A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60003465D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2202213T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2802711B1 (de)
PT (1) PT1240683E (de)
WO (1) WO2001047057A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004039439A1 (de) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-23 Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg Empfangsantennensystem mit mehreren aktiven Antennen
DE102009015699A1 (de) * 2008-10-30 2010-05-06 Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg Breitband-Antenne
US8730084B2 (en) 2010-11-29 2014-05-20 King Abdulaziz City For Science And Technology Dual mode ground penetrating radar (GPR)
EP3091610B1 (de) * 2015-05-08 2021-06-23 TE Connectivity Germany GmbH Antennensystem und antennenmodul mit verminderter interferenz zwischen strahlungsmustern

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1247629A (en) * 1969-05-07 1971-09-29 Licentia Gmbh Improvements in and relating to dipole antenna arrangements
GB1318064A (en) * 1969-11-18 1973-05-23 Licentia Gmbh Short wave radio direction finders
US3680146A (en) * 1970-03-02 1972-07-25 Jerrold Electronics Corp Antenna system with ferrite radiation suppressors mounted on feed line
US4329690A (en) * 1978-11-13 1982-05-11 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Multiple shipboard antenna configuration
DE3619028A1 (de) * 1986-06-06 1987-12-10 Plath Naut Elektron Tech Peilantennenanordnung
FR2779235B1 (fr) * 1998-05-26 2002-11-29 Applic Rech Electronique Systeme d'antennes de radiogoniometrie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2802711B1 (fr) 2003-04-04
US20030090428A1 (en) 2003-05-15
PT1240683E (pt) 2003-11-28
CA2393570A1 (en) 2001-06-28
JP2003518790A (ja) 2003-06-10
EP1240683A1 (de) 2002-09-18
ES2202213T3 (es) 2004-04-01
DE60003465D1 (de) 2003-07-24
AU772757B2 (en) 2004-05-06
FR2802711A1 (fr) 2001-06-22
AU2526501A (en) 2001-07-03
ATE243370T1 (de) 2003-07-15
WO2001047057A1 (fr) 2001-06-28

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