EP1234152B1 - Continuous furnace for tubular firing material - Google Patents

Abstract

A Conveyor furnace for firing pipe-shaped objects with the following characteristics:1.1.1 a furnace floor,1.1.2 a furnace ceiling,1.1.3 a two lateral furnace walls, which connect the furnace floor with the furnace ceiling, forming a furnace channel,1.2 the furnace floor has at least one opening running in the axial direction of the furnace channel,1.3.1 at least one transport unit that extends from a motor section below the furnace floor through the opening to a transport section in the furnace channel, and1.3.2 which can be driven along the opening,1.4 the transport section is designed to hold, in a horizontal position, at least one pipe-shaped object,1.5 in the furnace channel below at least one part of the object to be fired, which is freely achievable, a device is arranged, onto which the object first rolls up, with its freely achievable part, and then rolls down.

Description

The invention relates to a continuous furnace for tubular fuel, in particular rotationally symmetrical fired goods, such as stoneware pipes.

From practice it is known to stand in stoneware pipes associated transport units through a furnace channel convey, the kiln - as with any continuous furnace - first heated in a heating zone, then in burned in a burning zone and finally in one Cooling zone is cooled down so far that it is on Oven exit can be removed. The burning times are up to 3 days.

GB-A-2 021 743 is a continuous furnace for tubular fuel known in which the tubular body lying and rolling through the Oven are moved. From GB-A-2 149 074 is a tunnel kiln with a known conveyor arranged on the ceiling.

When burning tubular firing material occurs additionally the problem that the firing material due to its great length (in relation to diameter) easily deformed, especially in the temperature range above 800 ° C, in which the ceramic material softens and settles slightly deformed.

The invention is accordingly based on the object to specify a continuous furnace for tubular fuel, the shortest possible passage times through the furnace enables and a deformation of the firing material largely prevented.

To achieve this object, the invention lies in the following Consideration: When transporting the Fired goods through the oven can already pass through Gravitational influences in the temperature range mentioned a deformation. This applies to both standing as for a hanging transport of the Combustible material. A lying transport on a kiln car as it is known for example from fine ceramics, is out of the question because given the length of the Kiln wagons of correspondingly wide kiln cars are used should be. This would require the big one Mass of these kiln cars to heat up with to cool down what is not energetically justifiable. There is also a risk that, for example, a unburned tube with circular cross-section into one fired tube with oval cross-section deformed.

In this respect, the invention is based on the consideration of one "static" transport of the firing material through the furnace, at where the firing material is in the same position on or remains on a transport device by a to replace "at least partially rotating" transport, where the firing stock as it passes through the furnace at least in the furnace zone where it is susceptible to Deformation is caused to rotate.

In a further development of this consideration, Firing material on a corresponding transport device be guided horizontally through the furnace duct, whereby a facility is provided along the transport route is on which the firing material with a freely accessible Section (i.e. outside the support areas in the Transport unit), whereby it is (slightly) detaches from the support areas of the transport device (takes off) and then rolling on this facility (rotating) passed through the transport device becomes.

This ensures that the kiln, especially in the Oven zone in which it is due to a material softening is particularly sensitive to deformation on a more or less large area rests and along this surface is rotated so that any Deformations due to the rotational movement of the Burned goods immediately equalized again become.

Thereafter, the invention relates to its most general

• einen Ofenboden,
• eine Ofendecke,
• zwei, den Ofenboden mit der Ofendecke unter Ausbildung eines Durchlaufkanals verbindenden Ofenseitenwänden,
• der Ofenboden weist mindestens eine, in Axialrichtung des Durchlaufkanals durchgehend verlaufende Öffnung auf,
• mindestens eine Transporteinheit ist vorgesehen, die sich von einem Förderabschnitt unterhalb des Ofenbodens durch die Öffnung hindurch bis zu einem Transportabschnitt im Durchlaufkanal erstreckt, und
• entlang der Öffnung verfahrbar ist,
• der Transportabschnitt ist zur horizontalen Aufnahme mindestens eines rohrförmigen Brennguts ausgebildet,
• im Durchlaufkanal ist unterhalb mindestens eines frei zugänglichen Abschnitts des Brenngutes mindestens eine Einrichtung angeordnet, entlang der das Brenngut mit seinem frei zugänglichen Abschnitt beim Transport entlang des Durchlaufkanals zunächst rollend aufläuft und anschließend rollend abläuft.

Embodiment a continuous furnace for tubular fuel in two alternative versions. The first embodiment includes the following features:

• a furnace floor,
• an oven ceiling,
• two furnace side walls connecting the furnace floor to the furnace ceiling, forming a flow channel,
• the furnace floor has at least one opening running continuously in the axial direction of the flow channel,
• at least one transport unit is provided, which extends from a conveyor section below the furnace floor through the opening to a transport section in the flow channel, and
• can be moved along the opening,
• the transport section is designed for the horizontal reception of at least one tubular fuel,
• In the flow channel, at least one device is arranged below at least one freely accessible section of the firing material, along which the firing material with its freely accessible section initially rolls up during transport along the flow channel and then runs off in a rolling manner.

In this embodiment, the Transport device through the furnace floor.

• anstelle des Ofenbodens weist die Ofendecke mindestens eine, in Axialrichtung des Durchlaufkanals durchgehend verlaufende Öffnung auf,
• es ist mindestens eine Transporteinheit vorgesehen, die sich von einem Förderabschnitt oberhalb der Ofendecke durch die Öffnung hindurch bis zu einem Transportabschnitt im Durchlaufkanal erstreckt.

The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the transport unit is arranged on the ceiling side. Specifically, this embodiment differs from the first-mentioned embodiment by the following features:

• instead of the furnace floor, the furnace ceiling has at least one opening that runs continuously in the axial direction of the flow channel,
• at least one transport unit is provided, which extends from a conveyor section above the furnace ceiling through the opening to a transport section in the flow channel.

All other features correspond to those of the first Embodiment.

In both variants, a two-part Transport device are provided, each being Part through a corresponding opening in the furnace floor or the furnace ceiling extends.

The openings can be adjacent (and parallel) to every oven wall. "Neighbor" means that the tubular fuel, the length of which is usually only slightly smaller than the width of the Flow channel should be the appropriate one Slightly protrude from the transport sections at the ends. The associated transport section outstanding part of the kiln, for example end flange area of a stoneware sewage pipe his. This ensures that the Firing material is guided exactly horizontally.

It goes without saying that with a two-part Transport unit are both synchronized so that Firing material in a defined orientation by the Flow channel can be passed.

The transport units can over the ends of the Continue flow channel through to a appropriate loading and unloading with firing material facilitate. You can then click above, next to or below the oven to the oven entrance to be led back.

The transport sections of the transport unit can one in the axial direction of the flow channel extending frame consist of at least one has horizontally extending lower leg which can be placed on the kiln.

The transport section can also be two, vertically to the axial direction of the flow channel at a distance mutually arranged support arms for the firing material include.

In the case of two transport units, both result Two ends of the tubular fuel Support arms, four in total.

The transport sections can accommodate one or be formed several pieces of firing material, also in In the case of several items of firing material, these side by side along a horizontal plane).

The conveyor section of the transport unit can roll or Wheels for guiding along corresponding rails exhibit.

In the former embodiment, in which the Transport unit runs through the furnace floor, it offers with the transport unit at its lower end Train wheels that run on rails, like this from conventional kiln car is known.

In the second embodiment, the transport unit above the furnace ceiling - similar to one Schwebebahn - Have wheels that run on rails become. A corresponding drive can be via a Push device, a revolving chain or the like respectively.

It is to achieve a defined furnace atmosphere necessary to exchange the gas in the flow channel with the surrounding atmosphere as much as possible prevent. In this respect, an embodiment provides that Gas-tight opening in relation to the flow channel train. This can be done through an appropriate meandering course of the transport unit through the Opening and / or seals take place, as a rule a relative gas tightness is sufficient.

As stated, the institution to which the Firing material runs up and along which the firing material rotates an essential feature of the continuous furnace. This Furnishing can consist of a table facing End sections (furnace entrance, furnace exit) of the Flow channel inclined towards the furnace bottom Inclined surfaces.

The arrangement of the inclined surfaces can be such that the free ends below the in the Transport device arranged overlying fired goods are. This ensures that the Only then when the firing material is transported through the furnace onto the first sloping surface (increasing in the direction of transport) accumulates when the firing material is already above this Sloping surface has arrived. In this way, a the material to be fired gently onto the inclined surface allows.

As soon as the firing material has run onto the inclined surface the transport unit will move it further in the direction Furnace exit transported and due to the rising Sloping surface slightly from the support areas of the Transport unit loosened (lifted off) so that the fired goods now only rests on the inclined surface. While further transport, the fired goods roll due to the Stiction to the inclined surface over this up to the highest point before it is tilted over the inverse subsequent inclined surface rolls accordingly before it returns to the support areas of the Transport unit comes to rest and then with Using the transport unit to the furnace exit is transported.

As stated, the facility mentioned (in Case of the treatment of ceramic firing material) extend in particular along the furnace part in which Temperatures of over 800 ° C, for example, So along the furnace area in which the furnace temperature above the softening temperature of the firing material lies.

Starting from a device with two transport units, each arranged on the furnace wall side, the device runs centrally between the furnace walls. It is advantageous
design the facility as wide as possible in order to provide the largest possible contact surface for the firing material. According to one embodiment, the device should have a width which corresponds to at least half the length of the material to be burned.

At least the part of each projecting into the flow channel Transport section can be made from a refractory ceramic material exist, especially if the maximum temperatures in the furnace above Softening temperatures of metallic materials are.

The facility can or must accordingly from one fireproof ceramic material.

This is especially true when ceramic products be fired that have a sintering temperature above Have 1,000 ° C. In any case, the facility is then to be placed along the firing zone of the furnace.

In other applications, the transport unit and the facility, for example metallic or high temperature resistant materials be used.

Further features of the invention result from the Features of the subclaims and the other Application documents.

For example, the device mentioned can be between the said inclined surfaces a horizontal Have section or alternately inclined Inclined surfaces (in the direction of transport of the firing material) include.

Figur 1:

einen Schnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform eines Durchlaufofens im Bereich seiner Brennzone.

Figur 2:

eine Transporteinheit für eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Durchlaufofens.

The invention is described below with reference to an embodiment. Here show - each in a schematic representation -

Figure 1:

a section through a first embodiment of a continuous furnace in the region of its firing zone.

Figure 2:

a transport unit for a second embodiment of a continuous furnace.

In FIG. 1, reference number 10 describes one Oven ceiling, the reference numeral 12 a furnace floor and the Reference numerals 14, 16 corresponding furnace walls.

These accordingly enclose a furnace channel 18 which from an oven entrance (not shown) to one Oven exit (not shown) extends.

In the furnace floor 12 are four, shown in dashed lines Openings 20 are formed, which extend over the entire length of the furnace floor 12 in the axial direction of the furnace channel 18 extend. Two extend through openings 20 Transport units 22L, 22R. Both are identical and will be explained below with reference to the transport unit 22R described. The transport unit 22R comprises two, in Distance between cheeks 24L, 24R. The after Section 24U protruding below over furnace bottom 12 forms a conveyor section and is accordingly Trained wheels that run on associated rails (the rails in turn in the axial direction of the Kiln channel 18).

Section 240 projecting upward from furnace bottom 12 serves as a transport section, the cheeks 24L, 24R U-shaped at its upper end (vertical in one view to the axial direction of the furnace channel) are formed and so serve the horizontal reception of a stoneware pipe 26, which accordingly has four contact surfaces (in the area one cheek 24L, 24R is guided).

A runs between the transport units 22L, 22R Table 28, which rests on three columns 28S.

The table 28 is in the transport direction of the stoneware pipe 26 (and correspondingly in the axial direction of the furnace channel 18) designed as follows: it has a first inclined surface, the deepest end below the support areas of the Stoneware pipe 26 and the highest end at least is a few centimeters above these support areas. It another inclined surface closes (mirror image to the former), which accordingly in Transport direction of the stoneware pipe 26 drops.

After the stoneware pipe 26 in the heating zone of the furnace it has reached the firing zone of the furnace, in which the table 28 is arranged. It rolls Stoneware pipe 26 on the first inclined surface of the table 28 and turns during further transport (through the Transport units 22L, 22R), whereby it is initially from the support areas of the cheeks 24L, 24R and is subsequently traced back to this.

Thereafter, the stoneware pipe 26 with the help of Transport units 22L, 22R over the cooling zone to Furnace exit transported.

Sections 12L, 12M and 12R are supported by a metal frame structure 30 from supported at the bottom.

The transport unit 32 shown in Figure 2 exists of two conveyor sections 32L, 32R, which the Conveying sections 24U functional according to Figure 1 correspond.

Rollers 34 are arranged on these conveyor sections, those on rails (not shown) above one Oven ceiling run.

While the sections marked with 36 through corresponding openings of the furnace ceiling extend protrude the lower portions 38 that the Transport sections 240 according to Figure 1 functional correspond, into the associated furnace channel. she consist of a frame construction with a horizontally running lower support 38U, on the four stoneware pipes 26 lie side by side.

With the help of the rollers 34, the transport unit 32 moved along the furnace duct, the stoneware pipes 26, as described in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, again in the area of the firing zone on a table 28 type described above run off this and rotating (around your respective axis) on the table.

Claims (16)

1. Conveyor furnace for firing pipe-shaped objects (26) with the following characteristics:

   1.1.1 a furnace floor (12),

   1.1.2 a furnace ceiling (10),

   1.1.3 a two lateral furnace walls (14, 16), which connect the furnace floor (12) with the furnace ceiling (10), forming a furnace channel (18),

   1.2 the furnace floor (12) has at least one opening (20) running in the axial direction of the furnace channel (18),

   1.3.1 at least one transport unit (22L, 22R) that extends from a motor section (24U) below the furnace floor (12) through the opening (20) to a transport section (240) in the furnace channel (18), and

   1.3.2 which can be driven along the opening (20),

   1.4 the transport section (240) is designed to hold, in a horizontal position, at least one pipe-shaped object (26),

   1.5 in the furnace channel (18) below at least one part of the object to be fired, which is freely achievable, a device (28) is arranged, onto which the object first rolls up, with its freely achievable part, and then rolls down.
2. Conveyor furnace for firing pipe-shaped objects (26), with the following characteristics:

   2.1.1 a furnace floor (12),

   2.1.2 a furnace ceiling (10),

   2.1.3 two lateral furnace walls (14, 16), which connect the furnace floor (12) with the furnace ceiling (10), forming a furnace channel (18)

   2.2 the furnace ceiling (10) has at least one continuous opening (18) running in the axial direction of the furnace channel (18),

   2.3.1 at least one transport unit (32) that extends from a motor section (32L, 32R) above the furnace ceiling (18) through the opening into a transport section (38) in the furnace channel (18), and

   2.3.2 which can be driven along the opening (20),

   2.4 the transport section (240) is designed to hold, in a horizontal position, at least one pipe-shaped object (26),

   2.5 in the furnace channel (18) below at least one part of the object to be fired, which is freely achievable, a device (28) is arranged, onto which the object first rolls up, with its freely achievable part, and then rolls down.
3. Conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2 with a two-part transport unit (22L, 22R, 32), in which each component (22L, 22R; 32L, 32R) extends through a corresponding opening (20).
4. Conveyor furnace according to Claim 3, in which the openings (20) are located adjacent to each furnace wall (14, 16).
5. Conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the transport section (240, 38) of the transport unit (22L, 22R;32) comprises a framework with a lower horizontal shank (38U) extending in the axial direction of the furnace channel (18).
6. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the transport section (38) is designed to accommodate several objects for firing (26) side by side.
7. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the motor section (24U; 32L, 32R) of the transport unit (24L, 24R; 32) has rollers or wheels (34) to carry it along corresponding tracks.
8. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening (20) is airtight with respect to the furnace channel (18).
9. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the device (28) comprises a table with surfaces inclining in the direction of the furnace floor (12) to the end sections of the furnace tunnel (18).
10. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 9, where the free ends of the inclined surfaces are located below the objects (26) carried in the transport section (240, 38).
11. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the device (28) runs between the furnace walls (14, 16).
12. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, where the device (28) has a width corresponding to at least half the length of the objects being fired (26).
13. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein each transport section (240, 38) has two support areas (38U), arranged at a distance to each other perpendicular to the axial direction of the conveyor tunnel (18), for the objects being fired (26).
14. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein at least the section of each transport unit (22L, 22R; 32) that projects into the furnace channel (18) is made of a refractory ceramic material.
15. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the device (28) is made of a refractory ceramic material.
16. A conveyor furnace according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the device (28) is mounted along the firing zone of the conveyor furnace.

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