DE4411412C1 - Device for loading and unloading a firing table assembly with firing material - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for the loading and unloading of a firing table (10, Figure 3) has, on at least one plane, a plurality of supports 16 for receiving a product to be fired. Also provided is a supporting structure 20 with projecting arms 24 which are adjustable in height relative to the structure 20. Driven rollers are provided to load or unload the firing table. In the preferred embodiment the rollers and the plurality of supports 16 are one and the same, and wheels 26 driven by motor 28 engage and drive the rollers 16. Alternatively the driven rollers may be mounted between a pair of arms 24. The arms can be raised or lowered to load or unload different levels of the firing table. Where the rollers are mounted between the arms they are adjustable in height perpendicular to the arms. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for loading and unloading a firing table assembly with firing material.

According to the invention, the term “firing table” is first used generally understood a document on which the Firing material placed before, during or after the firing process can be.

It is usually a kiln car, one Plate (a so-called kiln furniture) or around one several "spaced apart roles" formed "area". The kiln is on directly or with the interposition of a plate put on the burning table.

According to the invention, the term “firing stock” includes in particular ceramic parts such as porcelain, sanitary ware etc. . The Fired goods can be fired in different types of furnaces. Of tunnel ovens and roller ovens are of particular importance as ver continuous ovens and hood ovens or Bogie hearth furnaces as representatives working discontinuously Ovens.  

A firing table for holding items to be burned can vary be constructed.

Various new types have recently appeared in the applicant's house Superstructures for a burning table have been developed.

A first type points to at least one horizontal Level several, spaced apart and not driven idlers for receiving the fired goods. Several levels are preferably arranged one above the other, so that there is a kind of "burn table storage".

In one embodiment, the firing table structure looks as follows:
from a support, for example the firing table, at least four supports extend upwards at a distance from one another,
at least two supports are connected to each other by at least one rail,
at least two rails arranged along a common horizontal plane run parallel and at a distance from one another,
the rails located opposite each other on a horizontal plane have a large number of depressions on their upper edge,
in each case at least two recesses aligned with one another serve to receive a supporting roller.

The individual levels of the firing table structure are similar Roller conveyor in a roller oven, but the rollers here are not driven continuously, as described in more detail below is described.

For example, four, six, or eight supports, depending Size of the firing table, spaced apart in two rows arranged, the outer four supports a rectangle limit which is essentially the shape and size of the Burning table corresponds. There are also partial divisions possible.

Accordingly, the rails then run between two, three or four, arranged in a vertical plane Support and pair up on a horizontal plane opposite. Likewise, but also in a vertical plane between those previously described two vertical levels further supports and rails be provided.

It is important for the firing table structure that the in one horizontal plane parallel spaced rails each with a variety of recordings (wells) on their Top edges are formed and the depressions adjacent rails are aligned with each other, so that in at least two depressions from adjacent rails one idler roller can be inserted.

The distance between the rollers and thus the distance between the depressions depends primarily on the size of the smallest burning part or the smallest used Washer.  

The roles should be during the transport of the burning table (with Structure) to, through or out of an oven If possible, do not turn it out so that the firing material does not can fall accidentally; on the contrary: during transport the firing table is aimed at a fixed position of the rollers.

For this purpose, the burn table structure can be designed so that the Carrier rollers run in the direction of transport of the kiln car and accordingly the loading and unloading takes place perpendicular to it.

The described firing table structure can be divided into several "levels" are formed one above the other, several each Rails run one above the other and so with the corresponding rails between opposite Create supports for several "occupying levels".

A particular advantage of the new construction described for a burning table like a tunnel kiln car is that it will be possible to burn the kiln over most of the Processing until removal after the fire via a to move the largely uniform transport system. So can the kiln, for example porcelain, from drying (after production), via the glazing station, various Storage, a loading station, the furnace until unloading, Post-processing and packaging on roller conveyors or Roller conveyor-like device, such as that described Burning table superstructure.

In the case of an alternative firing table structure, the firing material lies directly or via kiln furniture (plates) on bridges on, which in turn on rails arranged transversely to it rest, which are part of a scaffold-like structure. The firing table structure is essentially similar to the previous one described. The "support level" for the kiln is however not formed by rollers, but by webs.  

DE 27 17 784 A1 describes a trolley for transport known for fittings such as tiles, in which on a closed base cross members are arranged in which Grooves are formed for the rotatable reception of Serve rollers. The rollers are driven by a Drive motor. The trolley is specially designed for kilns the "single-layer system" determined, in which the firing ent speaking only one layer through the oven.

DE 38 37 402 A1 describes a storage device in of the parts to be stored, such as printed circuit boards, via a Belt transported and onto a corresponding belt of the Storage device are transferred, the drive of the Band of the storage device via a coupling unit done by the drive member of the conveyor belt.

The object underlying the invention is a device for loading and unloading a multi-stage firing table assembly, to offer the one automation as far as possible and flexible to the local conditions of the firing table structure is adaptable.

The invention relates to a device for loading and Unloading a firing table assembly with firing material in three alternative embodiments.

In a first embodiment, the device comprises the features of claim 1.

This device (A) is used in particular for loading and unloading a burn table construction with rollers, as described above in individual has been described.

The device is thus set up for the firing table construction aligns the support arms across the rollers of the firing table construction run. The carrying arms are used for loading and unloading brought into a position in which the drive means immediately opposite the free ends of the rollers. Specifically, this is achieved in that the support arms for  Example are first moved so far away from each other that when lowering it next to the firing table assembly be carried out before loading or unloading horizontal plane of the firing table construction again be moved towards each other. But it would also be the same possible to initially close the support arms horizontally ensure that they are outside the firing table assembly, then move vertically to the desired position and finally move back horizontally until the drive elements in the position mentioned in relation to the free ends of the rollers of the firing table assembly.

Then the drive means are at the free roller ends coupled, as described in more detail below is rotated while the counter overlying roller ends using one on the other support arm arranged device can only be guided.

In this way, a kind of "transport path" is created long of the rollers over which - depending on the direction of rotation, Furnace (with or without kiln furniture) added or can be removed.

For coupling or guiding the roller ends it is an advantage if they project freely.

Is the corresponding level of the firing table structure loaded or unloaded, a decoupling takes place in the opposite way development of the drive means or guide device from the roles, so that afterwards again "static Conditions "and the firing material rests securely.  

According to one embodiment, the device can be so forms or be controlled so that the roles before the Initiate the rotary motion easily from their associated Shots can be lifted to minimize roll wear lubricate.

An alternative embodiment (device B) for the The same burning table structure differs only in that that both support arms are designed with drive means (Claim 2) and a coupling accordingly at both ends the drive means to the roller ends, the Drive is preferably synchronous.

The embodiment c differs from the two aforementioned variants in particular in that a focal table structure to be loaded and unloaded, in which the burning well not on rolls, but on bars, so that - quasi in a kinematic reversal to the aforementioned embodiment forms - now roles between the support arms ver to run.

Specifically, the device (C) has the features according to claim 3:
In this embodiment, the support arms are always guided horizontally from an area outside the firing table structure below the plane of the firing table structure to be loaded or unloaded. For loading or unloading, the rollers running between the support arms are then raised to such an extent that - depending on the orientation of the rods for receiving the kiln furniture and the kiln - the (at least two) rods on which the kiln and / or the kiln furniture rest , or immediately slightly lift the firing aids with the firing material lying on top and, due to their rotation, lead the rods (with the firing material or the firing aids) or firing aids (with firing material) out of the firing table assembly or into it. In the latter case, the rods or kiln furniture are then lowered to position the rods or kiln furniture so that the bars / kiln furniture come to rest on appropriate brackets of the firing table structure.

For all embodiments, the support arms next to their vertical adjustability along one horizontal plane can be movable, for example the support arms between or next to a horizontal plane of the To lead the firing table assembly.

To form the drive means according to the embodiments A and B, the invention offers different solutions at. The drive means can be of a variety of types  drivable wheels exist in the longitudinal direction of each because support arm are arranged one behind the other The distance between two adjacent wheels is then the turn baren recording of a corresponding role of the Brenn table structure. In this case the Transfer of torque from the wheels to the rollers by lifting the support arms.

In another embodiment, the drives exist means from a variety of rotatable organs that so are formed so that after placing on the free ends the rollers of the firing table assembly turn on the transfer each role.

In this case, the support arms can be moved in horizontal direction (towards each other) against the corresponding corresponding reel ends.

In the simplest case, the organs consist of disks, so that the torque is transmitted through pure static friction. Likewise, the organs can also be formed from sleeves those that are frictionally or non-positively connected to the free ends the roles are attachable. You can also do this bayonet-like or pin-like transmission elements between between the organs and the role ends.

The burners of the firing table assembly are only driven one-sided (device A), so on the opposite Roller ends only a device for rotatable guidance provide, which in turn can consist of wheels that in Longitudinal direction of the respective support arm one behind the other are arranged, the distance between two neighboring Wheels is designed so that the corresponding role (the end of the roll) can rest there.  

The rollers are preferably driven by a motor. He can be designed so that the roles individually, in groups or driven together.

To also the feed to the firing table structure respectively takeover of the firing material from the firing table assembly automate, provides another embodiment, the Carrying frame a memory for receiving the firing material in assign to several horizontal levels. After another Optimization is suggested to be a height adjustable Guide and removal device for the firing material with the pre connect direction that runs away from the end of the support arms, so that an immediate transfer of material can take place. At In this embodiment, the handover end is always on the support arms connected while the other end area the feed and removal device adjustable in height can be formed. To populate the top level of the The device can then set up the firing table, for example run diagonally upwards, while with a medium one A horizontal feeder or level of the firing table assembly Removal takes place and at the lowest level of the firing table construction the device is inclined downwards. In one In the simplest case there is the feeding and removal device from a conveyor belt or a roller conveyor.

There is a particular advantage of all embodiments in that they can also be retrofitted to existing systems and require little mechanical effort.

While previously a burning table or burning table construction manually loaded, especially when it is complicated shaped parts, such as dishes, allows  the device according to the invention a fully automatic loading and unloading a kiln car or a roller conveyor for a roller oven.

Further features of the invention emerge from the note paint the subclaims and other registration documents.

The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment example. Here show - each in a schematic representation -
Fig. 1 is a side view of a Prior inventive device of the type B,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the firing table structure according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a view of the firing table structure from the front,

Fig. 4 is a view of the firing table structure from the side,

Fig. 5 is a side view of a rail of the firing table structure.

To the functioning of the device according to the invention To clarify, the firing table structure should first be described be.

According to the figures, a total of 6 supports 12 a-f project vertically upwards from a firing table 10 . The supports 12 a-c, like the supports 12 d-f, are each arranged in a vertical plane. The distance between the supports 12 a, d or 12 c, f is the same (and corresponds approximately to the length L of the kiln car 10 ). Likewise, the distance between the supports 12 a, c and 12 d-f is the same (and corresponds approximately to the width B of the kiln car 10 ). The corner supports 12 a, c, d and f thus span a rectangle between them.

The figures, in particular FIG. 3, further show the rails 14 extending between the supports 12 a-c and 12 d-f, the recesses 14 v of which on the upper edge 14 o can best be seen in FIG. 5.

The rails 14 are firmly connected to the supports 12 , either by means of appropriate connecting means, such as pins, by gluing or the like. A one-piece design of rails and supports is also possible in principle.

The supports and rails can basically be any Have cross sections and made of different materials consist. In any case, the goal is as little mass as necessary nimble to need as little kiln furniture as possible to have to heat up. On the other hand, the mechanical Stability should be sufficient. Have materials based on SiC proven itself.

Furthermore, it can be seen from the figures that 14 v support rollers 16 , which are aligned in the transport direction of the kiln car (arrow T in FIG. 2) and in this case protrude at the ends of the rails 14, lie in each case in a pair of mutually opposing depressions.

According to the above description of loading and unloading of the firing table assembly, this takes place perpendicular to the direction of transport T of the kiln car (arrows X = loading and Y = unloading in FIG. 2).

The device for loading and unloading the firing table assembly according to FIGS . 2 to 5 comprises a support frame 20 , to which a cross member 22 is articulated in a height-adjustable manner, from which two horizontally spaced support arms 24 project , on the inner surface of which a plurality of wheels 26 are spaced apart are arranged differently, which are driven by a motor 28 together. The size and spacing of the wheels 26 is only shown schematically here.

At the front end 24 v of the support arms 24 there is a conveyor belt 30 , which is guided along a support 32 for height adjustment (at 33 ).

A conveyor 34 is assigned to the conveyor belt 30 , which has a plurality of floors 36 on which the firing material rests on kiln furniture (plates), which is not shown here for the sake of clarity.

To load the top level 38o of the firing table structure formed by the support rollers 16 , the firing material is fed on a base plate (firing aid) via the conveyor belt 30 . At the same time, the support arms 24 are moved so far away from each other that when the traverse 22 is lowered, the support arms 24 can be guided past the rollers 16 on both sides of the firing table structure, to the extent that the wheels 26 lie somewhat below the level of the support rollers 16 .

The support arms 24 are then moved toward one another again until the wheels 26 lie somewhat below the support rollers 16 . Thereafter, the cross member 22 is raised slightly until the wheels 26 , which are driven at the latest at this moment, transmit their rotary motion to the idler rollers 16 . This is done in that a support roller 16 between each two adjacent wheels 26 is received and guided.

Although the support rollers 16 continue to hold their position, they now rotate so that the firing material supplied on the conveyor belt 30 (on the kiln furniture) can be guided over the support rollers 16 to the desired position on the level 38 o. At this moment, the cross member 22 is moved down again, so that the rotational movement of the support roll 16 is interrupted and the firing material has reached its end position on the level 38 o.

In the same way, further firing can then be performed on level 38 o until it is occupied.

Then the support arms 24 are moved away from each other again and lowered to the next level 38 m. Then the loading process is repeated as described.

The reverse procedure is used for unloading; in particular the wheels 26 are of course driven in the opposite direction.

The firing table structure stands here on a tunnel kiln car 40 .

Claims (15)

1. Device for loading and unloading a firing table assembly with firing material, the firing table assembly having at least one horizontal plane with several rollers arranged at a distance from one another for receiving the firing goods, with the following features:

• 1.1 the device comprises a support frame ( 20 ) with two horizontally projecting support arms ( 24 ),
• 1.2 the support arms ( 24 ) can be moved towards or away from one another and are height-adjustable on the support frame ( 20 ),
• 1.3 on the inside of a support arm ( 24 ) there are drive means ( 26 ) which, after coupling to the free roller ends of the firing table structure, set the rollers in rotation,
• 1.4 on the inside of the other support arm there is a device for rotatably guiding the opposite free roller ends of the firing table structure.

2. Device for loading and unloading a firing table assembly with firing material, the firing table assembly having at least one horizontal plane with a plurality of rollers arranged at a distance from one another for receiving the firing material, with the following features:

• 2.1 the device comprises a support frame ( 20 ) with two horizontally projecting support arms ( 24 ),
• 2.2 the support arms ( 24 ) can be moved towards or away from one another and are height-adjustable on the support frame ( 20 ),
• 2.3, drive means ( 26 ) are arranged on the opposite inner sides of the support arms ( 24 ), which, after coupling to the free roller ends of the firing table structure, set the rollers in rotary motion.

3.Device for loading and unloading a firing table assembly with firing material, the firing table assembly having at least one horizontal plane with several bars at a distance from one another, parallel or transverse to the loading and unloading direction of the firing material, with the following features:

• 3.1 the device comprises a support frame with at least two, horizontally projecting and transverse to the bars support arms, which are adjustable in height on the support frame,
• 3.2 between the support arms run at a distance from each other several drivable and vertically adjustable to the support arms between the rods of the firing table structure.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the support arms ( 24 ) are additionally movable along a horizontal plane. 5. Device according to one of claims 1, 2 or 4, wherein the drive means ( 26 ) consist of a plurality of drivable wheels which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the respective support arm ( 24 ), and the distance between two adjacent wheels ( 26 ) is designed to rotatably accommodate a corresponding role of the firing table structure. 6. Device according to one of claims 1, 4 or 5, wherein the Device for the rotatable guidance of the rollers from a variety consists of wheels in the longitudinal direction of the respective support arm are arranged one behind the other, and the distance between two neighboring wheels for the rotatable mounting of a corresponding role of the firing table structure is designed. 7. Device according to one of claims 1, 2 or 4, wherein the Drive means consist of a plurality of rotatable members, which are designed so that after placing on the free End of the rolls of the firing table assembly turn on the transfer each role. 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein the organs from discs consist.   9. The device according to claim 7, wherein the organs from sleeves consist of the friction or frictional connection to the free ends the rollers of the firing table assembly are pluggable. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the organs from pins consist of friction or frictional engagement in the free ends the rollers of the firing table assembly can be used. 11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the drive means ( 26 ) or the rollers running between the support arms ( 24 ) are motor-driven. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the drive means ( 26 ) or the rollers running between the support arms can be driven together. 13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, in which the support frame ( 20 ) is assigned a memory ( 34 ) for receiving the firing material in a plurality of horizontal planes ( 36 ). 14. The device according to one of claims 1 to 13, with a height-adjustable feed and removal device ( 30 ) for the firing material, which extends from the feed end of the support arms ( 24 ). 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the feed and removal device ( 30 ) consists of a conveyor belt.