EP1232959B1 - Child-resistant packaging for tablets - Google Patents
Child-resistant packaging for tablets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1232959B1 EP1232959B1 EP02011101A EP02011101A EP1232959B1 EP 1232959 B1 EP1232959 B1 EP 1232959B1 EP 02011101 A EP02011101 A EP 02011101A EP 02011101 A EP02011101 A EP 02011101A EP 1232959 B1 EP1232959 B1 EP 1232959B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensitive adhesive
- blister pack
- pressure
- pack
- intermediate part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/52—Details
- B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
- B65D75/5855—Peelable seals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
- A61J1/03—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes for pills or tablets
- A61J1/035—Blister-type containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/28—Articles or materials wholly enclosed in composite wrappers, i.e. wrappers formed by associating or interconnecting two or more sheets or blanks
- B65D75/30—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding
- B65D75/32—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/28—Articles or materials wholly enclosed in composite wrappers, i.e. wrappers formed by associating or interconnecting two or more sheets or blanks
- B65D75/30—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding
- B65D75/32—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents
- B65D75/325—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents one sheet being recessed, and the other being a flat not- rigid sheet, e.g. puncturable or peelable foil
- B65D75/326—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents one sheet being recessed, and the other being a flat not- rigid sheet, e.g. puncturable or peelable foil and forming one compartment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/28—Articles or materials wholly enclosed in composite wrappers, i.e. wrappers formed by associating or interconnecting two or more sheets or blanks
- B65D75/30—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding
- B65D75/32—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents
- B65D75/325—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents one sheet being recessed, and the other being a flat not- rigid sheet, e.g. puncturable or peelable foil
- B65D75/327—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents one sheet being recessed, and the other being a flat not- rigid sheet, e.g. puncturable or peelable foil and forming several compartments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/28—Articles or materials wholly enclosed in composite wrappers, i.e. wrappers formed by associating or interconnecting two or more sheets or blanks
- B65D75/30—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding
- B65D75/32—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents
- B65D75/36—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents one sheet or blank being recessed and the other formed of relatively stiff flat sheet material, e.g. blister packages, the recess or recesses being preformed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2215/00—Child-proof means
- B65D2215/04—Child-proof means requiring the combination of different actions in succession
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2575/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D2575/28—Articles or materials wholly enclosed in composite wrappers, i.e. wrappers formed by association or interconnecting two or more sheets or blanks
- B65D2575/30—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding
- B65D2575/32—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents
- B65D2575/3209—Details
- B65D2575/3218—Details with special means for gaining access to the contents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S206/00—Special receptacle or package
- Y10S206/807—Tamper proof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S206/00—Special receptacle or package
- Y10S206/813—Adhesive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S206/00—Special receptacle or package
- Y10S206/82—Separable, striplike plural articles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a childproof packaging for tablets, capsules and The like.
- Pharmaceutical products with a blister pack with at least one the bowl is sealed with a push-through cover film for receiving of the tablets, being above the one with an outer packaging
- An intermediate part is arranged in the blister pack, the cover film of the Blister packaging is directed against the intermediate part, and being between blister packaging and a first pressure-sensitive adhesive is arranged between the parts.
- Blister packs are particularly useful for packaging tablets and capsules enforced.
- the so-called blister packs are widespread, where the tablet comes out of a bowl in the bottom part of the packaging a lid film is pressed through.
- a cover film is removed by peeling it off.
- Blister packs have a notch as a tear-open aid.
- the blister packs for tablets and capsules mentioned consist of the Complicating opening by measures that require increased power, such as. stronger push-through foils, increased adhesive strength of peel-off foils or high tear resistance with tear notches.
- Packaging that can only be opened with increased effort, are childproof, but can also be a problem for seniors.
- a childproof packaging of the type mentioned is from US-A-3 912 082 known.
- the invention has for its object a childproof packaging the kind mentioned at the beginning to create that of seniors without difficulty can be opened. Basically it's about packaging like this to design that a combination ability is required to open them or that simultaneous or complex movements are carried out have to.
- the intermediate part partially is covered by a removable partition and the partition Cover part rests that a second pressure sensitive adhesive between the intermediate part and the separating part and between the intermediate part not covered by the separating part and Separating part and cover part a third pressure sensitive adhesive is arranged, the third Pressure sensitive adhesive is lower than the first pressure sensitive adhesive and the second Pressure sensitive adhesive has a higher adhesive strength than the first pressure sensitive adhesive.
- the blister packaging can be used to achieve a higher stability of the packaging in the outer packaging between a bottom part and the intermediate part arranged and the first adhesive between the bottom part or blister packaging and intermediate part can be arranged.
- the bowl of the blister pack preferably protrudes from that through the bottom part formed level outwards, in the simplest case the bowl of the blister pack penetrates an opening in the bottom part. Is the bottom part from a deformable material, a bowl can also be formed from this and the bowl of the blister pack is arranged in the bowl of the bottom part his.
- the outer packaging can be cost-effectively made from a single one Make the cut.
- At least two packs can be combined into multi-portion packs be, the individual packages to a strip pack lined up and preferably from the strip pack along one Line of weakness, preferably a line of perforations, can be separated.
- foil-like materials are metal foils such as for example aluminum foils.
- film-shaped materials are paper, semi-cardboard and cardboard.
- Plastic-containing ones are also particularly important Foils, e.g. based on polyolefins, such as polyethylene or Polypropylenes, polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, polyesters such as polyalkylene terephthalates and especially polyethylene terephthalate.
- the plastic ones Films can be monofilms made of plastics, laminates made of two or more Plastic films, laminates of metal and plastic films, laminates of Papers and plastic films or laminates made of paper and metal and Be plastic films.
- the individual layers of the sheet-like materials can by means of adhesives, laminating adhesives, adhesion promoters and / or through Extrusion coating, coextrusion or lamination etc. fixed to each other become.
- Suitable plastic films are, for example, non-oriented or axially or biaxially oriented monofilms or laminates of two or more non-oriented or axially or biaxially oriented films made of plastics based on polyolefins, such as polyethylenes or polypropylenes, Polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, polyesters such as polyalkylene terephthalates and especially polyethylene terephthalate, cyclo-olefin copolymers (COC) and polychlorotrifluorethylene (PCTFE, brand name ACLAR).
- polyolefins such as polyethylenes or polypropylenes, Polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, polyesters such as polyalkylene terephthalates and especially polyethylene terephthalate, cyclo-olefin copolymers (COC) and polychlorotrifluorethylene (PCTFE, brand name ACLAR).
- Transparent parts are particularly suitable for the bottom parts of blister packs Plastics with good forming properties such as polyethylene, polypropylene, Cyclo-olefin copolymers, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide as well as laminates made from the materials mentioned, e.g. made of PVC and polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) or PVC and PVDC (polyvinyl dichloride).
- Laminates for example, are used for non-transparent blister packs from an aluminum foil planked on both sides with a plastic foil with the for example construction polyamide / aluminum / PVC or pigmented Plastic films used.
- the cover film is usually an aluminum film an example thickness of 20 microns, which is painted and / or with a Heat seal lacquer can be coated.
- All of the above-mentioned sheet-like materials such as paper, semi-cardboard, cardboard and plastic films in the form of monofilms, laminates, etc. can have at least one further continuous layer of sputtered or vacuum-deposited ceramic materials with a thickness of about 5 to 500 nm (nanometers) , for example Al 2 O 3 or SiO x , where x is a number between 1.5 and 2. These layers of ceramic materials have barrier properties and prevent the diffusion of gases and water vapor through the packaging.
- An outer packaging 50 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 for blister packaging 52 has a substantially strip-like shape with a bottom part 54, an intermediate part 56, a separating part 57 and a cover part 58.
- the blister pack 52 - in the example shown a one-portion pack for a tablet 60 - has a bottom part 62 made of, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with a cup 64 molded out of it for receiving the tablet 60 and one sealed or glued to the bottom part 62 Cover film 66 made of aluminum, for example.
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- the bowl 64 of the blister pack 52 penetrates a bottom opening adapted to the circumference of the bowl 68 in the bottom part 54 of the outer packaging 50 and protrudes from the bottom part 54 to the outside.
- the bottom part 62 of the blister pack 50 lies on the bottom part 54 of the outer packaging 50 on the inside and is with this over a Permanent adhesive based on, for example, polyurethane, at least partially bonded.
- a Permanent adhesive based on, for example, polyurethane, at least partially bonded.
- a cup is also formed from the bottom part 54, i.e. the The bowl 64 of the blister pack 52 would in this case be the bowl in the base part 54 added.
- the intermediate part 56 is with the bottom part 54 or with the blister pack 52 glued over a first pressure sensitive adhesive 70.
- the one lying on the intermediate part 56 Separating part 57 covers one separated by an edge area 72 Zone 76 provided second pressure sensitive adhesive 74.
- the intermediate part 56 and the The separating part 57 of the cover part 58 lying thereon is also covered by a third adhesive 78 glued to the edge region 72 of the intermediate part 56 and projects beyond the intermediate part 56 to form an adhesive-free tear-open tab 80
- the tear-open tab 80 at the far end of the outer packaging 50 is the bottom part 54, the intermediate part 56 and cover part 58 permanently glued to one another.
- the second Separating part 57 covering pressure-sensitive adhesive 74 projects beyond intermediate part 56 Formation of an adhesive-free gripping tab 82.
- the third pressure sensitive adhesive is between Cover part 58 and intermediate part 56 have a lower adhesive strength than the first Pressure sensitive adhesive 70 between intermediate part 56 and bottom part 54 or blister packaging 52.
- the second pressure sensitive adhesive 74 of the zone covered by the separating part 57 The intermediate part 56 has a stronger adhesive force than the first pressure sensitive adhesive 70, the material for the separating part 57 is selected so that the second pressure sensitive adhesive 74 only a slight and compared to the third pressure sensitive adhesive 78 practically no adhesive force is generated.
- the pressure sensitive adhesives 70, 74, 78 are for example Glue based on polyacrylate or other adhesive resins built up.
- the cover part 58 is first on its tear tab 80 gripped and by an opening movement carried out in the direction of arrow E. from the intermediate part 56 underneath and the one lying thereon Separating part 57 separated.
- the separating part 57 gripped on its gripping tab 82 and in the direction of arrow F by the intermediate part 56 exposing zone 76 with the second adhesive 74 from the intermediate part 56 deducted.
- the Tear tab 80 are strongly pressed.
- the tear tab 80 of the cover part 58 taken again and by one carried out in the direction of arrow H. Opening movement pulled away from the pad. Since the adhesive strength of the second pressure sensitive adhesive 74 is greater than the adhesive strength of the first pressure sensitive adhesive 70, there is a separation between the opening movement in the direction of arrow H. the intermediate part 56 and the bottom part 54 or the blister pack 52 this process, the cover film 66 of the blister pack 52 is exposed. In In this open position, the tablet 60 can be pressed into the bowl 64 by finger pressure Arrow direction I pushed through the cover film 66 and ejected become. , In one variant, the cover film 66 becomes during the opening movement already separated from the blister pack 52 in the direction of arrow I, so that the tablet 60 can be removed without pushing through the cover film 66.
- the bottom part 54 which serves the stability of the outer packaging 50, can be another embodiment, not shown in the drawing, is eliminated.
- the cover part 58 with the blister pack 52 or with it Bottom part 62 may be connected in one piece and form a loop, i.e. the outer packaging consists of the same material, e.g. from the blister pack or their bottom part ..
- FIG. 6 shows a pack 90 with four square single packs according to FIG Fig. 1. These can be separated from one another by line-shaped perforations 92. However, the individual outer packaging 10 can also be opened without having to separate them from the pack of four 90.
- the Tear-open tab 80 of the cover part 58 and the gripping tab 82 of the separating part 57 here are directed towards the center of the pack 90, causing the pack can be easily manufactured.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine kindersichere Verpackung für Tabletten, Kapseln und dgl. pharmazeutische Produkte, mit einer Blisterverpackung mit wenigstens einem mittels einer durchdrückbaren Deckelfolie verschlossenen Napf zur Aufnahme der Tabletten, wobei über der mit einer Umverpackung ausgestatteten Blisterverpackung ein Zwischenteil angeordnet ist, wobei die Deckelfolie der Blisterverpackung gegen den Zwischenteil gerichtet ist, und wobei zwischen Blisterverpackung und Zwischenteil ein erster Haftkleber angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a childproof packaging for tablets, capsules and The like. Pharmaceutical products, with a blister pack with at least one the bowl is sealed with a push-through cover film for receiving of the tablets, being above the one with an outer packaging An intermediate part is arranged in the blister pack, the cover film of the Blister packaging is directed against the intermediate part, and being between blister packaging and a first pressure-sensitive adhesive is arranged between the parts.
Die Gefährlichkeit einer unkontrollierten Medikamenteneinnahme ist unbestritten, wobei vor allem Kleinkinder insbesondere beim Herumliegenlassen von Medikamenten dieser potentiellen Gefahr verstärkt ausgesetzt sind.The danger of an uncontrolled drug intake is undisputed especially small children, especially when lying around Medicines are increasingly exposed to this potential danger.
Zur Verpackung von Tabletten und Kapseln haben sich vor allem Blisterverpakkungen durchgesetzt. Weit verbreitet sind die sogenannten Durchdrückpackungen, bei der die Tablette aus einem Napf im Bodenteil der Verpackung durch eine Deckelfolie hindurchgedrückt wird. Bei anderen bekannten Blisterverpakkungen wird eine Deckelfolie durch Abziehen (Peelen) entfernt. Noch andere Blisterverpackungen weisen eine Kerbe als Aufreisshilfe auf.Blister packs are particularly useful for packaging tablets and capsules enforced. The so-called blister packs are widespread, where the tablet comes out of a bowl in the bottom part of the packaging a lid film is pressed through. In other known blister packs a cover film is removed by peeling it off. And others Blister packs have a notch as a tear-open aid.
Heute bereits genutzte Möglichkeiten zur Erhöhung der Kindersicherheit der genannten Blisterverpackungen für Tabletten und Kapseln bestehen darin, das Öffnen durch Massnahmen zu erschweren, die einen erhöhten Kraftbedarf erfordern, wie z.B. stärkere Durchdrückfolien, erhöhte Klebkraft von Abziehfolien oder hoher Reisswiderstand bei Aufreisskerben.Ways already used today to increase child safety The blister packs for tablets and capsules mentioned consist of the Complicating opening by measures that require increased power, such as. stronger push-through foils, increased adhesive strength of peel-off foils or high tear resistance with tear notches.
Verpackungen, die nur mit erhöhtem Kraftaufwand geöffnet werden können, sind zwar kindersicher, können jedoch auch für Senioren ein Problem darstellen.Packaging that can only be opened with increased effort, are childproof, but can also be a problem for seniors.
Eine kindersichere Verpackung der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der US-A- 3 912 082 bekannt.A childproof packaging of the type mentioned is from US-A-3 912 082 known.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine kindersichere Verpackung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die von Senioren ohne Schwierigkeiten geöffnet werden kann. Im wesentlichen geht es darum, eine Verpackung so auszugestalten, dass zu deren Öffnung eine Kombinationsfähigkeit erforderlich ist, oder dass simultane oder komplexe Bewegungsabläufe durchgeführt werden müssen.The invention has for its object a childproof packaging the kind mentioned at the beginning to create that of seniors without difficulty can be opened. Basically it's about packaging like this to design that a combination ability is required to open them or that simultaneous or complex movements are carried out have to.
Zur erfindungsgemässen Lösung der Aufgabe führt, dass der Zwischenteil teilweise von einem entfernbaren Trennteil überdeckt ist und dem Trennteil ein Abdeckteil aufliegt, dass zwischen Zwischenteil und Trennteil ein zweiter Haftkleber und zwischen nicht vom Trennteil überdecktem Zwischenteil sowie Trennteil und Abdeckteil ein dritter Haftkleber angeordnet ist, wobei der dritte Haftkleber eine gegenüber dem ersten Haftkleber geringere und der zweite Haftkleber eine gegenüber dem ersten Haftkleber höhere Klebkraft aufweist.To achieve the object according to the invention, the intermediate part partially is covered by a removable partition and the partition Cover part rests that a second pressure sensitive adhesive between the intermediate part and the separating part and between the intermediate part not covered by the separating part and Separating part and cover part a third pressure sensitive adhesive is arranged, the third Pressure sensitive adhesive is lower than the first pressure sensitive adhesive and the second Pressure sensitive adhesive has a higher adhesive strength than the first pressure sensitive adhesive.
Zur Erzielung einer höheren Stabilität der Verpackung kann die Blisterverpakkung in der Umverpackung zwischen einem Bodenteil und dem Zwischenteil angeordnet und der erste Haftkleber zwischen Bodenteil bzw. Blisterverpakkung und Zwischenteil angeordnet sein.The blister packaging can be used to achieve a higher stability of the packaging in the outer packaging between a bottom part and the intermediate part arranged and the first adhesive between the bottom part or blister packaging and intermediate part can be arranged.
Der Napf der Blisterverpackung ragt bevorzugt von der durch den Bodenteil gebildeten Ebene nach aussen ab, wobei im einfachsten Fall der Napf der Blisterverpackung eine Öffnung im Bodenteil durchdringt. Besteht der Bodenteil aus einem verformbaren Werkstoff, kann aus diesem ebenfalls ein Napf herausgeformt und der Napf der Blisterverpackung im Napf des Bodenteils angeordnet sein.The bowl of the blister pack preferably protrudes from that through the bottom part formed level outwards, in the simplest case the bowl of the blister pack penetrates an opening in the bottom part. Is the bottom part from a deformable material, a bowl can also be formed from this and the bowl of the blister pack is arranged in the bowl of the bottom part his.
Die Umverpackungen lassen sich besonders kostengünstig aus einem einzigen Zuschnitt herstellen. The outer packaging can be cost-effectively made from a single one Make the cut.
Wenigstens zwei Verpackungen können zu Mehrportionenpackungen zusammengefasst sein, wobei die einzelnen Verpackungen zu einer Streifenpackung aneinandergereiht und vorzugsweise von der Streifenpackung entlang einer Schwächungslinie, vorzugsweise einer Perforationslinie, abtrennbar sind.At least two packs can be combined into multi-portion packs be, the individual packages to a strip pack lined up and preferably from the strip pack along one Line of weakness, preferably a line of perforations, can be separated.
Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemässen Verpackung können die heute zur Herstellung von Verpackungen bekannten starren, halbstarren und flexiblen Werkstoffe in Form von Blättern, Folien, Laminaten oder anderen Schichtstoffen einer Dicke von wenigen µm bis wenige mm, beispielsweise 8 µm bis 3 mm, verwendet werden. Beispiele für folienförmige Materialien sind Metallfolien wie beispielsweise Aluminiumfolien. Weitere Beispiele für folienförmige Materialien sind Papier, Halbkarton und Karton. Bedeutsam sind insbesondere auch kunststoffhaltige Folien, z.B. auf der Basis von Polyolefinen, wie Polyethylenen oder Polypropylenen, Polyamiden, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyestern, wie Polyalkylenterephthalaten und insbesondere Polyethylenterephthalat. Die kunststoffhaltigen Folien können Monofolien aus Kunststoffen, Laminate aus zwei oder mehreren Kunststofffolien, Laminate aus Metall- und Kunststofffolien, Laminate aus Papieren und Kunststofffolien oder Laminate aus Papieren und Metall- und Kunststofffolien sein. Die einzelnen Schichten der folienförmigen Materialien können mittels Klebstoffen, Kaschierklebern, Haftvermittlern und/oder durch Extrusionsbeschichten, Coextrusion oder Kaschieren usw. aneinander festgelegt werden. Geeignete Kunststofffolien sind beispielsweise nicht orientierte oder axial oder biaxial orientierte Monofolien oder Laminate aus zwei oder mehreren nicht orientierten oder axial oder biaxial orientierten Folien aus Kunststoffen auf der Basis von Polyolefinen, wie Polyethylenen oder Polypropylenen, Polyamiden, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyestern, wie Polyalkylenterephthalaten und insbesondere Polyethylenterephthalat, Cyclo-Olfin-Copolymere (COC) und Polychlortrifluorethylene (PCTFE, Markenname ACLAR).For the production of the packaging according to the invention can be used today Production of packaging known rigid, semi-rigid and flexible Materials in the form of sheets, foils, laminates or other laminates a thickness of a few µm to a few mm, for example 8 µm to 3 mm, be used. Examples of foil-like materials are metal foils such as for example aluminum foils. More examples of film-shaped materials are paper, semi-cardboard and cardboard. Plastic-containing ones are also particularly important Foils, e.g. based on polyolefins, such as polyethylene or Polypropylenes, polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, polyesters such as polyalkylene terephthalates and especially polyethylene terephthalate. The plastic ones Films can be monofilms made of plastics, laminates made of two or more Plastic films, laminates of metal and plastic films, laminates of Papers and plastic films or laminates made of paper and metal and Be plastic films. The individual layers of the sheet-like materials can by means of adhesives, laminating adhesives, adhesion promoters and / or through Extrusion coating, coextrusion or lamination etc. fixed to each other become. Suitable plastic films are, for example, non-oriented or axially or biaxially oriented monofilms or laminates of two or more non-oriented or axially or biaxially oriented films made of plastics based on polyolefins, such as polyethylenes or polypropylenes, Polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, polyesters such as polyalkylene terephthalates and especially polyethylene terephthalate, cyclo-olefin copolymers (COC) and polychlorotrifluorethylene (PCTFE, brand name ACLAR).
Für die Bodenteile von Blisterverpackungen eignen sich vor allem transparente Kunststoffe mit guten Umformeigenschaften wie Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Cyclo-Olefin-Copolymere, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyethylenterephthalat, Polyamid sowie aus den genannten Werkstoffen hergestellte Laminate, z.B. aus PVC und Polychlortrifluorethylen (PCTFE) oder PVC und PVDC (Polyvinyldichlorid). Für nicht transparente Blisterverpackungen werden beispielsweise Laminate aus einer beidseitig mit einer Kunststofffolie beplankten Aluminiumfolie mit dem beispielsweisen Aufbau Polyamid/Aluminium/PVC oder auch pigmentierte Kunststofffolien eingesetzt. Die Deckelfolie ist üblicherweise eine Aluminiumfolie einer beispielsweisen Dicke von 20µm, die lackiert und/oder mit einem Heisssiegellack beschichtet sein kann.Transparent parts are particularly suitable for the bottom parts of blister packs Plastics with good forming properties such as polyethylene, polypropylene, Cyclo-olefin copolymers, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide as well as laminates made from the materials mentioned, e.g. made of PVC and polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) or PVC and PVDC (polyvinyl dichloride). Laminates, for example, are used for non-transparent blister packs from an aluminum foil planked on both sides with a plastic foil with the for example construction polyamide / aluminum / PVC or pigmented Plastic films used. The cover film is usually an aluminum film an example thickness of 20 microns, which is painted and / or with a Heat seal lacquer can be coated.
Alle vorstehend genannten folienförmigen Materialien wie Papier, Halbkarton, Karton und Kunststofffolien in der Form von Monofolien, Laminaten usw. können zumindest eine weitere kontinuierliche Schicht aus gesputterten oder aus dem Vakuum abgeschiedenen keramischen Materialien in einer Dicke von etwa 5 bis 500 nm (Nanometer) aufweisen, beispielsweise Al2O3 oder SiOx, wobei x eine Zahl zwischen 1.5 und 2 ist. Diese Schichten aus keramischen Materialien haben Barriereeigenschaften und verhindern die Diffusion von Gasen und Wasserdampf durch die Verpackung.All of the above-mentioned sheet-like materials such as paper, semi-cardboard, cardboard and plastic films in the form of monofilms, laminates, etc. can have at least one further continuous layer of sputtered or vacuum-deposited ceramic materials with a thickness of about 5 to 500 nm (nanometers) , for example Al 2 O 3 or SiO x , where x is a number between 1.5 and 2. These layers of ceramic materials have barrier properties and prevent the diffusion of gases and water vapor through the packaging.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung; diese zeigt schematisch in
- Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Blisterverpackung mit Umverpackung;
- Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Umverpackung von Fig. 1 in Blickrichtung y;
- Fig. 3 - 5 einen Längsschnitt durch die Blisterverpackung mit Umverpakkung von Fig. 1 in aufeinanderfolgenden Öffnungspositionen;
- Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht auf eine als Mehrportionenpackung ausgestaltete Blisterverpackung mit Umverpackung von Fig. 1.
- 1 shows a longitudinal section through a blister pack with outer packaging.
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the outer packaging from FIG. 1 in the viewing direction y;
- FIGS. 3-5 show a longitudinal section through the blister packaging with repackaging from FIG. 1 in successive opening positions;
- FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a blister packaging with outer packaging from FIG. 1 configured as a multi-portion packaging.
Eine in den Fig. 1 bis 5 dargestellte Umverpackung 50 für eine Blisterverpakkung
52 von im wesentlichen streifenförmiger Gestalt ist mit einem Bodenteil
54, einem Zwischenteil 56 einem Trennteil 57 und einem Abdeckteil 58 ausgestattet.
Die Blisterverpackung 52 - im gezeigten Beispiel eine Einportionenpakkung
für eine Tablette 60 - weist einen Bodenteil 62 aus beispielsweise Polyvinylchlorid
(PVC) mit einem aus diesem herausgeformten Napf 64 zur Aufnahme
der Tablette 60 und eine mit dem Bodenteil 62 versiegelte bzw. verklebte
Deckelfolie 66 aus beispielsweise Aluminium auf. Der Napf 64 der Blisterverpackung
52 durchdringt eine dem Umfang des Napfes angepasste Bodenöffnung
68 im Bodenteil 54 der Umverpackung 50 und ragt vom Bodenteil
54 nach aussen ab. Der Bodenteil 62 der Blisterverpackung 50 liegt dem Bodenteil
54 der Umverpackung 50 innenseitig an und ist mit diesem über einen
Permanentkleber auf der Basis von beispielsweise Polyurethan zumindest partiell
verklebt. Anstelle der Bodenöffnung 68 kann - sofern der Werkstoff dies
erlaubt - aus dem Bodenteil 54 ebenfalls ein Napf herausgeformt sein, d.h. der
Napf 64 der Blisterverpackung 52 würde in diesem Fall vom Napf im Bodenteil
54 aufgenommen.An
Der Zwischenteil 56 ist mit dem Bodenteil 54 bzw. mit der Blisterverpackung 52
über einen ersten Haftkleber 70 verklebt. Der dem Zwischenteil 56 aufliegende
Trennteil 57 überdeckt eine von einem Randbereich 72 getrennte, mit einem
zweiten Haftkleber 74 versehene Zone 76. Der dem Zwischenteil 56 und dem
Trennteil 57 aufliegende Abdeckteil 58 ist über einen dritten Haftkleber 78 mit
dem Randbereich 72 des Zwischenteils 56 verklebt und überragt den Zwischenteil
56 unter Bildung einer kleberfreien Aufreisslasche 80. An dem der
Aufreisslasche 80 fernen Ende der Umverpackung 50 sind Bodenteil 54, Zwischenteil
56 und Abdeckteil 58 miteinander permanent verklebt. Der den zweiten
Haftkleber 74 abdeckende Trennteil 57 überragt den Zwischenteil 56 unter
Bildung einer kleberfreien Greiflasche 82.The
In der verschlossenen Umverpackung 50 weist der dritte Haftkleber zwischen
Abdeckteil 58 und Zwischenteil 56 eine geringere Klebkraft auf als der erste
Haftkleber 70 zwischen Zwischenteil 56 und Bodenteil 54 bzw. Blisterverpakkung
52. Der zweite Haftkleber 74 der vom Trennteil 57 abgedeckten Zone des
Zwischenteils 56 weist eine stärkere Klebkraft auf als der erste Haftkleber 70,
wobei das Material für den Trennteil 57 so gewählt ist, dass gegenüber dem
zweiten Haftkleber 74 nur eine geringe und gegenüber dem dritten Haftkleber
78 praktisch keine Klebkraft erzeugt wird. Die Haftkleber 70, 74, 78 sind beispielsweise
Kleber auf der Basis von Polyacrylat oder anderen klebenden Harzen
aufgebaut.In the sealed
Zur Entnahme der Tablette 60 wird zunächst der Abdeckteil 58 an seiner Aufreisslasche
80 ergriffen und durch eine in Pfeilrichtung E durchgeführte Öffnungsbewegung
vom darunterliegenden Zwischenteil 56 und dem diesem aufliegenden
Trennteil 57 getrennt. In einem nächsten Schritt wird der Trennteil 57
an seiner Greiflasche 82 ergriffen und in Pfeilrichtung F vom Zwischenteil 56
unter Freilegung der Zone 76 mit dem zweiten Haftkleber 74 vom Zwischenteil
56 abgezogen. Bei einer Variante mit Mikro-Verkapselungssystem muss die
Aufreisslasche 80 stark aufgepresst werden. In einem darauffolgenden Schritt
wird der Abdeckteil 58 in Pfeilrichtung G auf den Zwischenteil 56 mit der nun
freiliegenden, den zweiten Haftkleber 74 aufweisenden Zone 76 zurückgelegt
und mit dem Zwischenteil 56 über den freigelegten zweiten Haftkleber 74 verbunden.
In einem anschliessenden Schritt wird die Aufreisslasche 80 des Abdeckteils
58 erneut ergriffen und durch eine in Pfeilrichtung H durchgeführte
Öffnungsbewegung von der Unterlage weggezogen. Da die Klebkraft des
zweiten Haftklebers 74 grösser ist als die Klebkraft des ersten Haftklebers 70,
erfolgt bei der Öffnungsbewegung in Pfeilrichtung H eine Trennung zwischen
dem Zwischenteil 56 und dem Bodenteil 54 bzw. der Blisterverpackung 52. Bei
diesem Vorgang wird die Deckelfolie 66 der Blisterverpackung 52 freigelegt. In
dieser Offenstellung kann die Tablette 60 durch Fingerdruck auf den Napf 64 in
Pfeilrichtung I durch die Deckelfolie 66 hindurchgestossen und ausgeworfen
werden. . Bei einer Variante wird die Deckelfolie 66 bei der Öffnungsbewegung
in Pfeilrichtung I bereits von der Blisterverpackung 52 getrennt, so dass die Tablette
60 ohne Durchdrücken der Deckelfolie 66 entnommen werden kann. To remove the
Der Bodenteil 54, welcher der Stabilität der Umverpackung 50 dient, kann bei
einer anderen, in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform entfallen.
Hierbei kann der Abdeckteil 58 mit der Blisterverpackung 52 bzw. mit deren
Bodenteil 62 einstückig verbunden sein und eine Schlaufe bilden, d.h. die Umverpackung
besteht aus ein und demselben Material, z.B. aus der Blisterverpackung
bzw. deren Bodenteil..The
Fig. 6 zeigt eine Packung 90 mit vier quadratischen Einzelpackungen gemäss
Fig. 1. Diese sind durch linienförmige Perforationen 92 voneinander abtrennbar.
Die einzelnen Umverpackungen 10 können jedoch auch geöffnet werden,
ohne dass diese von der Viererpackung 90 abgetrennt werden müssen. Die
Aufreisslasche 80 des Abdeckteils 58 sowie die Greiflasche 82 des Trennteils
57 sind hier gegen die Mitte der Packung 90 gerichtet, wodurch die Packung
einfach hergestellt werden kann.6 shows a
Claims (8)
- Child-resistant package for tablets, capsules and similar pharmaceutical products, comprising a blister pack (52) with at least one cup (64) for receiving the tablets (60) closed by means of a press-through covering film (66), an intermediate part (56) being arranged above the blister pack (52) provided with an outer packaging (50), the covering film (66) of the blister pack (52) being directed towards the intermediate part (56) and a first pressure-sensitive adhesive (70) being arranged between the blister pack (52) and the intermediate part (56), characterised in that the intermediate part (56) is partly covered by a removable separating part (57) and a cover part (58) is situated on the separating part (57), that a second pressure-sensitive adhesive (74) is arranged between the intermediate part (56) and the separating part (57) and a third pressure-sensitive adhesive (78) is arranged between the intermediate part (56) not covered by the separating part (57) and the separating part (57) and cover part (58), the third pressure-sensitive adhesive (78) having less adhesive strength than the first pressure-sensitive adhesive (70) and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive (74) having higher adhesive strength than the first pressure-sensitive adhesive (70).
- Package according to claim 1, characterised in that the blister pack (52) is arranged between a bottom part (54) and the intermediate part (56) in the outer packaging (50) and that the first pressure-sensitive adhesive (70) is arranged between the bottom part (54) or the blister pack (52) and the intermediate part (56).
- Package according to one of claims [...] 2, characterised in that the cup (64) in the blister pack (52) projects outwardly from the plane formed by the bottom part (54).
- Package according to claim 3, characterised in that the cup (64) in the blister pack (52) passes through an opening (68) in the bottom part (54).
- Package according to claim 3, characterised in that a cup is formed in the bottom part (54) and the cup (64) in the blister pack (52) is arranged in the cup in the bottom part (54).
- Package according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the outer packaging (50) consists of one single blank.
- Double pack, characterised in that it consists of two partial packages according to one of claims 1 to 5 arranged in mirror symmetry.
- Multi-pack consisting of at least two packages according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the individual packages are arranged in a row to form a strip pack (90) and can preferably be separated from the strip pack (90) along a weakening line, in particular a perforated line (92).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE59910544T DE59910544D1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Childproof packaging for tablets |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02011100A EP1234781B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant packaging for tablets |
EP99810482A EP1057744B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant package for tablets |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99810482A Division EP1057744B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant package for tablets |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1232959A2 EP1232959A2 (en) | 2002-08-21 |
EP1232959A3 EP1232959A3 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
EP1232959B1 true EP1232959B1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
Family
ID=8242861
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02011099A Withdrawn EP1234780A1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant packaging for tablets |
EP02011100A Expired - Lifetime EP1234781B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant packaging for tablets |
EP02011101A Expired - Lifetime EP1232959B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant packaging for tablets |
EP99810482A Expired - Lifetime EP1057744B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant package for tablets |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02011099A Withdrawn EP1234780A1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant packaging for tablets |
EP02011100A Expired - Lifetime EP1234781B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant packaging for tablets |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99810482A Expired - Lifetime EP1057744B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Child-resistant package for tablets |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US6793077B1 (en) |
EP (4) | EP1234780A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003501321A (en) |
AU (1) | AU767805B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2373280A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59904849D1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA01012072A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000075039A2 (en) |
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-
1999
- 1999-06-02 EP EP02011099A patent/EP1234780A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-06-02 EP EP02011100A patent/EP1234781B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-02 EP EP02011101A patent/EP1232959B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-02 EP EP99810482A patent/EP1057744B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-02 DE DE59904849T patent/DE59904849D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-05-13 MX MXPA01012072A patent/MXPA01012072A/en unknown
- 2000-05-13 JP JP2001501528A patent/JP2003501321A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-05-13 AU AU49217/00A patent/AU767805B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-05-13 WO PCT/EP2000/004333 patent/WO2000075039A2/en active Application Filing
- 2000-05-13 US US09/926,583 patent/US6793077B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-13 CA CA002373280A patent/CA2373280A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-03-24 US US10/807,254 patent/US6896139B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-02-15 US US11/057,341 patent/US6964338B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-15 US US11/057,833 patent/US6974031B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2003501321A (en) | 2003-01-14 |
DE59904849D1 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
EP1234780A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
CA2373280A1 (en) | 2000-12-14 |
US6793077B1 (en) | 2004-09-21 |
AU4921700A (en) | 2000-12-28 |
US20050145532A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
US6964338B2 (en) | 2005-11-15 |
US20040173497A1 (en) | 2004-09-09 |
EP1234781A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
EP1057744A2 (en) | 2000-12-06 |
WO2000075039A2 (en) | 2000-12-14 |
EP1234781B1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
US20050145531A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
WO2000075039A3 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
MXPA01012072A (en) | 2003-06-30 |
EP1057744A3 (en) | 2001-02-07 |
EP1232959A2 (en) | 2002-08-21 |
EP1057744B1 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
US6896139B2 (en) | 2005-05-24 |
US6974031B2 (en) | 2005-12-13 |
AU767805B2 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
EP1232959A3 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
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