Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
  • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
  • A62D3/34—Dehalogenation using reactive chemical agents able to degrade
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
  • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
  • A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of the processing of wastes, both of aqueous and of solid matrix, contaminated by halogenated and aromatic hydrocarbons.
• wastes both of aqueous and of solid matrix, contaminated by halogenated and aromatic hydrocarbons.
• wastes must be destroyed by thermal way or, alternatively, may be incorporated in semisolid materials and dumped in specially provided dangerous waste dumps.
• the latter technique whose safety however, from the point of view of the guarantee of stability over time, has not been proved once and for all, presents the drawback of utilising dumps, in case usable for more suitable materials, and to postpone the natural transformation, essential to avoid negative effects on our planet.
• thermal destruction technique constitutes the most widely encouraged solution for a radical and final elimination of the disposal problem.
• this technique requires a particular care, thereby making essential the resorting to sophisticated plants with very high costs.
• the present invention allows to meet this demand thoroughly, further showing other advantages that shall be evident hereinafter.
• the subject of the present invention is a method for the demolition and the removal of halogenated and aromatic hydrocarbons from materials that contain them, characterised in that the materials to be treated is made to react - in an acid and/or alkaline environment, or viceversa - with a reagent selected from the group comprising zinc, iron, iron disulphide, ferrous sulphide, ferrous sulphate and mixtures thereof.
• Treatment in acid invironment is preferably carried out at a pH lesser than 6.
• the acid environment may be obtained with the addition of a mineral acid, preferably selected from the group comprising sulphuric acid, hydrochloride acid and combinations thereof. Treatment in alkaline environment is preferably carried out at a pH greater than 8.
• the alkaline environment may be obtained with the addition of an alkaline or an alkaline earth base, preferably selected from the group comprising sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) and combinations thereof.
• the duration of the acid environment treatment is greater than one hour, and is usually comprised within the range 1-1.5 hours.
• the temperature of the acid environment treatment is higher than 0°C and is usually comprised within the range 10- 50°C, room temperature being preferable.
• the duration of the alkaline environment treatment is greater than one hour, and is usually comprised within the range 1-1.5 hours.
• the temperature of the alkaline environment treatment is higher than 0°C and is usually comprised within the range 10- 50°C, room temperature being preferable.
• Iron disulphide may be the one contained in the mineral pyrite.
• the reagent can be utilised in a dispersed form to be admixed to the material to be treated, or placed inside a column or container wherein the material to be treated is circulated forcibly.
• the method according to the present invention presents, besides the advantages explicitly and implicitly aforementioned, the advantage of preventing the formation of new toxic substances and above all, not being a thermodistructive method, of not generating new emissions, containing hydrochloric acid and carbon dioxide among other things.
• the method of the present invention can be advantageously adopted in the treatment of wastes of different origin, among which the ones hereinafter are indicated by way of explanation:
• the post-treatment aqueous phase contains 0,18 mg/1 chloroform and 0.05 mg/1 1-2 dichloroethane.
• the post-treatment solid phase contains only 0.37 mg/1 1-2 dichloroethane.
• the post-treatment aqueous phase contains only 0,17 mg/1 chloroform and 0.13 ml/1 1-2 dichloroethane.
• the post-treatment solid phase contains only 0.31 mg/1 chloroform and 0.25 mg/1 1-2 dichloroethane.
• the post-treatment aqueous phase contains only 0.17 mg/1 1-2 dichloroethane.
• the post-treatment solid phase contains only 0.43 mg/1 1-2 dichloroethane, 0.01 mg/1 benzene and 0.18 mg/1 o-xylene.
• the post-treatment aqueous phase contains only 0.07 mg/1 trans 1-2 dichloroethyl, 0.13 mg/1 1-2 dichloroethane and 0.02 mg/1 trichloroethane.
• the post- treatment solid phase contains only 0.43 mg/1 trans 1-2 dichloroethyl, 0.86 mg/1 cis 1-2 dichloroethyl and 1.07 mg/1 1-1-2 dichloroethane.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
• Catalysts (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19770242

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 1999
  • 1999-11-11 NL NL1013558A patent/NL1013558C2/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2000
  • 2000-11-13 EA EA200200556A patent/EA200200556A1/ru unknown
  • 2000-11-13 WO PCT/NL2000/000827 patent/WO2001034245A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-11-13 CA CA002391424A patent/CA2391424A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-11-13 AU AU17420/01A patent/AU1742001A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-11-13 CN CN 00818135 patent/CN1414872A/zh active Pending
  • 2000-11-13 EP EP00980121A patent/EP1227860A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2000-11-13 PL PL00355748A patent/PL355748A1/xx unknown
• 2002
  • 2002-05-13 ZA ZA200203790A patent/ZA200203790B/en unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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