EP1213816B1 - Dispositif de protection de décharge - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection de décharge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1213816B1
EP1213816B1 EP01128937A EP01128937A EP1213816B1 EP 1213816 B1 EP1213816 B1 EP 1213816B1 EP 01128937 A EP01128937 A EP 01128937A EP 01128937 A EP01128937 A EP 01128937A EP 1213816 B1 EP1213816 B1 EP 1213816B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
relay
battery
accordance
signal
resetting device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01128937A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1213816A3 (fr
EP1213816A2 (fr
Inventor
Diethelm Noll
Axel MÜLLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies Inc filed Critical Delphi Technologies Inc
Publication of EP1213816A2 publication Critical patent/EP1213816A2/fr
Publication of EP1213816A3 publication Critical patent/EP1213816A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1213816B1 publication Critical patent/EP1213816B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/002—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which a reserve is maintained in an energy source by disconnecting non-critical loads, e.g. maintaining a reserve of charge in a vehicle battery for starting an engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a discharge protection device for batteries, in particular motor vehicle batteries, which are electrically connected in a normal state with at least one device connection, with at least one switching device between the battery and the device connection, which is for interrupting an existing in the normal state electrical connection between the battery and the device connection can be converted by a switching signal in a disconnected state, and with a control member for generating the switching signal.
  • a discharge protection device of this kind is known from DE 37 42 312 A1 known.
  • bistable breakover relay is provided, with which the electrical system can be separated from the battery as soon as the battery voltage falls below an adjustable limit. Disadvantages of this solution are the comparatively high weight, the relatively large space requirement and the high costs of such bistable relays.
  • control member generates the switching signal upon reaching or falling below a predetermined minimum voltage of the battery that is provided as a switching device for maintaining the disconnected state with a hold signal dauerbeauftschtes relay and that Hold signal and the relay are coordinated such that the relay is oversized relative to the signal level of the hold signal, at least in the time average.
  • the invention allows the use of a commercially available relay that can be selectively selected depending on the particular requirements of a variety of different characteristics standard relay components. This minimizes the cost, weight and space requirements of the electrical control unit incorporating the relay.
  • the invention allows the use of a monostable relay to whose excitation and thus to maintain the separation state while a permanent hold signal is required, but with the small signal level of the hold signal, the power consumption of the relay is minimized.
  • a critical discharge of the battery is avoided according to the invention.
  • the invention exploits the fact that the holding voltage required to maintain the disconnected state of the relay is lower than the switching voltage required to produce the disconnected state.
  • the holding signal and the relay can thus be superposed on one another be tuned that the signal level or the average signal level of the holding signal on the one hand sufficient to maintain the separation state, and on the other hand is not unnecessarily large, so that unnecessarily power is consumed when the holding signal is applied.
  • the relay is oversized in relation to the nominal working voltage of the battery or of an electrical network containing the battery.
  • the relay in particular a coil of the relay, has a higher electrical resistance than a relay designed for the nominal working voltage.
  • the amplifier is preceded by an amplifier unit for amplifying the switching signal generated by the control member.
  • the switching signal generated by the control member can be amplified to the extent that it is sufficient for transferring the relay in the disconnected state. It is advantageous that the amplifier unit needs to be active only briefly during the switching operation, since after the separation state, the holding signal is sufficient to maintain the disconnected state.
  • the relay and in particular a coil of the relay is designed for a nominal working voltage of about 24 volts.
  • a 24 V coil instead of a 12 V coil, a reduction of the power consumption of the relay can be achieved according to the invention.
  • an automatic reset device is provided to cancel the disconnection state of the relay, which is preferably designed for communication with the control member.
  • the restoring device may be formed so that it is designed to transmit a reset signal to the control member in response to predetermined conditions on the device connection.
  • the restoring device is formed by at least one electrical resistance, which is connected in parallel to the relay between the battery and the device connection.
  • an intelligent discharge protection device is provided, for example, when no longer exists due to a no longer connected to the device connection consumer the risk of critical discharge of the battery, the no longer required disconnection state of the relay and thus the power consumption by the relay even finished.
  • the restoring device is dimensioned in coordination with a predefinable maximum power consumption of consumers connected to the device connection.
  • This provides a simple way to allow a limited power consumption at the device connection even during the disconnected state of the relay. Consumers with a correspondingly low power consumption can thus continue to operate. It is particularly advantageous that a maximum load can be easily made by the appropriate dimensioning of the restoring device or the resistor. In particular, the vehicle manufacturer can thereby set a maximum allowable load in a simple manner.
  • An alternative way to match the hold signal and the relay is to provide a pulse width modulated hold signal, in particular the relay designed for the maximum signal height of the pulse width modulated hold signal and the signal level of this pulse width modulated hold signal is lowered in the time average and / or the relay is designed for the nominal working voltage of the battery or of an electrical network containing the battery.
  • the relay is preferably designed for the nominal working voltage of the battery or of a battery-containing electrical network. In this way, the signal level of the hold signal is lowered over time, and thus also used the fact that the required to maintain the disconnected state of the relay holding voltage is lower than the switching voltage required for the preparation of the isolation state.
  • the targeted over-dimensioning of the relay and in particular the electrical resistance of a coil of the relay without pulse width modulation of the hold signal represents the preferred embodiment.
  • Fig. 1 schematically the electrical device of a motor vehicle 10 is indicated, which comprises a battery 11, a arranged for example in the passenger compartment 27 of the vehicle 10 device terminal 13 and a control unit 25 between the battery 11 and the device terminal 13.
  • the vehicle battery 11 supplying a battery voltage V bat is provided with an in Fig. 1 merely indicated measuring device 23 is provided which provides for a control member 17 of the control unit 25 a current battery voltage corresponding measured value available.
  • control member 17 is a microcontroller for controlling an amplifier unit 21 and a switching member 15 in the form of a relay.
  • Fig. 1 With the dashed line is in Fig. 1 the region of the control unit 25 according to the invention is indicated, with which is provided by the invention provided in known solutions bistable tilting relay.
  • the switching device 15 is a commercially available standard component in the form of an electromagnetic, monostable relay.
  • the relay 15 is closed in the illustrated normal state, ie when the relay coil 16 is not energized. In the normal state, there is thus an electrical connection between the battery 11 and the device connection 13. External devices such as vacuum cleaners, mobile phones, refrigerators and other electrical consumers 14 can thus be operated even when the vehicle engine via the vehicle battery 11.
  • an electrical resistor 19 is connected between the battery 11 and the device terminal 13, which serves as a restoring device and is connected via a further resistor R with a wake-up terminal 29 of the microcontroller 17.
  • the amplifier unit 21 is connected to a switching terminal 31 of the microcontroller 17, via which a pulse-width-modulated switching signal can be transmitted to the amplifier unit 21.
  • the relay 15 With a further switching terminal 33 of the microcontroller 17, the relay 15 is connected via a transistor T in connection, wherein the relay 15 is connected to the collector and the microcontroller 17 to the base of the transistor T.
  • Fig. 2 shows a possible amplifier circuit for amplifying one of the microcontroller 17 (see. Fig. 1 ), pulse width modulated signal S can be used.
  • the switching signal S is applied to the base of a transistor T, which together with capacitors C and diodes D forms the essential components of this voltage amplifier.
  • the supply of the voltage amplifier via the vehicle battery 11 (see. Fig. 1 ) and in particular via the battery terminal, also referred to as "terminal 30".
  • the in Fig. 2 only schematically indicated relay 15 applied to starting from the normal state according to Fig. 1 be transferred to a disconnected state in which the electrical connection to the device terminal 13 is interrupted.
  • the relay 15 is based on the nominal working voltage of the battery 11, which is in particular 12 V, specifically oversized so that the relay coil 16 has a higher electrical resistance than the coil of a designed for a 12 V network Relay.
  • a standard 24V relay is used.
  • the vehicle battery 11 When the relay is closed 15 according to Fig. 1 and to the device terminal 13 connected consumer 14, the vehicle battery 11 is not charged when the vehicle engine is switched off, then the battery voltage decreases until it reaches a stored in the microcontroller 17, predetermined minimum voltage value. The achievement of this threshold value is detected by the measuring unit 23 from the microcontroller 17, which then generates the pulse width modulated switching signal S and transmitted via the switching terminal 31 to the voltage amplifier 21.
  • the voltage amplifier 21 is designed such that the amplified switching signal S is able to trigger a switching operation on the relay 15 and to transfer by energizing the coil 16, the relay 15 in a disconnected state in which the electrical connection between the battery 11 and the device connection 13 is interrupted.
  • the switching signal S By generating the switching signal S in response to the achievement of the battery minimum voltage thus connected to the device terminal 13 consumer 14 is electrically isolated from the battery 11 to avoid a critical discharge state of the battery 11.
  • the switching signal S is generated only for the duration of the switching operation.
  • the voltage applied to the relay 15 after the transmission of the pulse width modulated signal S normal voltage is sufficient to continue to excite the relay coil 16 so that the disconnection state of the relay 15 is maintained.
  • the inventive targeted oversizing of the relay 15 based on the nominal working voltage of the battery 11 and thus the signal level of the voltage applied to the relay coil 16 in the disconnected stop signal and by compared to a normally designed relay high electrical resistance of the relay coil 16 of the relay via the 15 flowing electricity minimal. According to the invention is therefore minimized by the oversizing of the relay 15 whose power consumption so far that the active maintenance of the disconnected state of the relay 15 for the already partially discharged battery 11 is not critical.
  • the resistor 19 also serves as a restoring device, by ensuring that when disconnecting the load 14 from the device terminal 13 or upon reaching a predetermined current value via the further resistor R, a signal to the wake-up terminal 29 of the microcontroller 17 is given. In response to this wake-up signal, the relay coil 16 is de-energized by means of the microcontroller 17, so that the disconnected state is canceled and the relay 15 is closed again. In this way, it is achieved that when disconnected consumer 14, ie if there is no risk of further discharge of the battery 11 more exists and thus no protection is required, the power consumption is automatically terminated by the relay coil 16.
  • microcontroller 17 can additionally be ensured that upon reaching the predetermined minimum battery voltage not only the relay 15 is controlled, but also a warning signal is generated, which are used to control a visual or audible warning display eg on the dashboard or on the horn of the vehicle can to inform the driver of the Operaentladeschreib the battery 11 in knowledge.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de protection de décharge pour batteries (11), en particulier batteries de véhicule automobile, qui dans un état normal sont reliées électriquement à au moins une borne d'appareil (13), avec au moins un organe de commutation (15) entre la batterie (11) et la borne d'appareil (13), qui, pour interrompre une liaison électrique existant à l'état normal entre la batterie (11) et la borne d'appareil (13), peut passer dans un état de séparation, par un signal de commutation (S), et avec un organe de commande (17) pour produire le signal de commutation (S),
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'organe de commande (17) produit le signal de commutation (S) lorsqu'est atteinte ou dépassée une tension minimale à prédéfinir de la batterie (11), en ce qu'il est prévu comme organe de commutation un relais (15) recevant en permanence un signal de maintien pour maintenir l'état de séparation, et en ce que le signal de maintien et le relais (15) sont accordés l'un à l'autre de manière que le relais (15) soit surdimensionné, au moins en moyenne dans le temps, par rapport à la hauteur du signal de maintien.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le relais (15) est surdimensionné par rapport à la tension de travail nominale de la batterie (11) ou d'un réseau électrique contenant la batterie (11).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le relais (15), en particulier une bobine (16) du relais (15), présente une résistance électrique supérieure à celle d'un relais dimensionné pour la tension de travail nominale de la batterie (11) ou d'un réseau électrique contenant la batterie (11).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce qu'une unité d'amplification (24) est couplée en amont du relais (15) pour amplifier le signal de commutation (S) produit par l'organe de commande (17).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la tension de travail nominale est d'environ 12 V et le relais (15), en particulier une bobine (16) du relais (15), est dimensionné pour une tension de travail nominale d'environ 24 V.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que, pour supprimer l'état de séparation du relais (15), il est prévu un dispositif de rappel automatique (19) qui est conçu de préférence pour la communication avec l'organe de commande (17).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le dispositif de rappel (19) est conçu pour transmettre un signal de rappel à l'organe de commande (17), en fonction de conditions à prédéfinir sur la borne d'appareil (13).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 ou 7,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le dispositif de rappel (19) est conçu pour attester une interruption de la liaison électrique entre la borne d'appareil (13) et un récepteur (14).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le dispositif de rappel (19) est conçu pour attester un courant électrique, circulant à travers le dispositif de rappel (19), avec une valeur correspondant à une valeur de seuil à prédéfinir.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le dispositif de rappel (19) est couplé en parallèle au relais (15) entre la batterie (11) et la borne d'appareil (13).
  11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le dispositif de rappel (19) est formé par au moins une résistance électrique.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 11,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le dispositif de rappel (19) est dimensionné en accord avec une consommation de courant maximale à prédéfinir de récepteurs (14) connectés à la borne d'appareil (13).
  13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le signal de commutation (S) est modulé en largeur d'impulsion.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'organe de commande (17) comprend un microcontrôleur dans lequel est mémorisée la tension minimale de la batterie (11) et qui est conçu pour produire un signal de commutation (S) notamment modulé en largeur d'impulsion, et par lequel l'état de séparation du relais (15) peut être supprimé, en réponse à un signal de rappel d'un dispositif de rappel (19).
  15. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le signal de maintien est modulé en largeur d'impulsion, le relais (15) étant dimensionné en particulier pour la hauteur maximale du signal de maintien modulé en largeur d'impulsion et, en moyenne dans le temps, la hauteur de ce signal de maintien modulé en largeur d'impulsion est abaissée et/ou le relais (15) est dimensionné pour la tension de travail nominale de la batterie (11) ou d'un réseau électrique contenant la batterie (11).
EP01128937A 2000-12-07 2001-12-05 Dispositif de protection de décharge Expired - Lifetime EP1213816B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10060873 2000-12-07
DE10060873A DE10060873A1 (de) 2000-12-07 2000-12-07 Entladeschutzvorrichtung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1213816A2 EP1213816A2 (fr) 2002-06-12
EP1213816A3 EP1213816A3 (fr) 2005-12-07
EP1213816B1 true EP1213816B1 (fr) 2008-04-30

Family

ID=7666176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01128937A Expired - Lifetime EP1213816B1 (fr) 2000-12-07 2001-12-05 Dispositif de protection de décharge

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1213816B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10060873A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007045899A1 (de) 2007-09-26 2009-04-09 Volkswagen Ag Entladeschutzvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verhindern der Entladung einer Fahrzeugbatterie
DE102019214168A1 (de) * 2019-09-18 2021-03-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Batteriemoduls und Batteriemodul

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4218717A (en) * 1978-08-21 1980-08-19 Harry Shuster Electric control system for motor vehicle
DE3622157A1 (de) * 1985-07-13 1987-01-22 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und schaltungsanordnung zur speisung von haupt- und nebenverbrauchern in einem fahrzeug
DE3742312A1 (de) * 1987-12-14 1989-06-22 Juergen Wemhoener Tiefentladeschutz fuer kfz-startbatterien, insbesondere bei personenkraftwagen
DE29909904U1 (de) * 1999-06-08 1999-09-30 Moeller GmbH, 53115 Bonn Antriebssteuerung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10060873A1 (de) 2002-06-13
EP1213816A3 (fr) 2005-12-07
EP1213816A2 (fr) 2002-06-12
DE50113907D1 (de) 2008-06-12

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