EP1213134B1 - Press - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- EP1213134B1 EP1213134B1 EP01403160A EP01403160A EP1213134B1 EP 1213134 B1 EP1213134 B1 EP 1213134B1 EP 01403160 A EP01403160 A EP 01403160A EP 01403160 A EP01403160 A EP 01403160A EP 1213134 B1 EP1213134 B1 EP 1213134B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cam
- compression box
- compression
- drum
- box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
- B30B1/26—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by cams, eccentrics, or cranks
- B30B1/261—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by cams, eccentrics, or cranks by cams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
- B30B11/12—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space co-operating with moulds on the circumference of a rotating drum
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a press for forming by molding terracotta products such as tiles.
- Such presses have been known and used for a long time. They have a frame between the vertical lateral flanks of which are arranged a drum and a box usually called compression box.
- the drum is of polygonal section and carries on each side a part of the forming mold.
- the compression box carries the part of the forming mold complementary to that carried by the drum and is mounted movable relative to the frame in order to have a vertical back and forth movement allowing it to approach and move away from the drum. This vertical movement is controlled by the rotation of a cam.
- the compression box has the overall shape of a parallelepiped whose internal volume is largely empty, carrying one or more lower rollers mounted fixed in translation but mobile in rotation near its underside directed towards the drum.
- the cam is fixed on an axis carried by the frame and is positioned in the empty volume of the compression box, pressing against the roller (s) lower (s).
- the shape of the cam is such that during its rotation, it pushes the lower rollers and therefore the compression box in the direction of the drum so ensuring the shaping of the material previously positioned on the part of mold carried by said drum.
- a last device comprises an oleopneumatic cylinder fixed with a part to the frame and secondly to the compression box in order to permanently pull the box compression up.
- the cylinder can make the total stroke of the displacement of the compression box is about thirty centimeters between its extreme high and low positions. It is then necessary to set up a circuit comprising large power accumulators in order to withstand permanently the weight of the compression box over the entire working stroke thereof.
- the present invention aims to propose a device ensuring the retention and reminder to the top of the compression box in a simple and reliable way.
- the invention relates to a press comprising a frame, a box of compression, a drum, a generally elliptical cam mounted on a shaft supported by the frame and intended to control a back-and-forth movement of the box compression, with respect to the drum, by acting on at least one lower roller, parallel to said cam shaft, mounted fixed in translation in lateral faces of the compression box, characterized in that said cam is disposed between said roller lower and at least one upper roller movable in translation, carried by the box compression and maintained in abutment against the periphery of the cam by the action of a jack mounted on the compression box.
- the press is generally composed of a frame 1, a compression box 3 and a drum 2.
- the drum 2 is of polygonal section, it has six planar faces 20 in the embodiment shown in the drawing. In operation, each planar face 20 of said drum 2 carries a first part of the mold necessary for the formation of the product, this mold was not shown in the drawing.
- the frame 1 is generally parallelepiped, it includes a base 11 and a upper wall 12 connected by lateral flanks 10.
- the compression box 3 is also generally parallelepipedic and has a lower face 31 and an upper face 32 connected by lateral faces 30.
- the cam 4 intended to control the back-and-forth movement of the box compression 3 is mounted on a shaft 13 supported by the lateral flanks 10 of the frame 1 and extends inside the hollow interior volume of the compression box 3.
- At least one lower roller 33 two in the example shown in the drawing, arranged parallel to the shaft 13 of the cam is mounted to rotate freely but fixed at translation in the lateral faces 30 of the compression box 3.
- the cam 4 is in support against these lower rollers 33.
- the cam 4 has a generally elliptical shape and is mounted off-center on the shaft 13. By this mounting, during the rotation of the cam, its periphery pushes the lower rollers 33 down which induces a descent of the compression box 3.
- the second part of the mold which is positioned under the face lower 31 presses on the material initially positioned on the first part of mold carried by the drum to ensure the pressing and molding of the material.
- the cam 4 is such that the support on the material is produced twice for each molding action, the pressure being weakly released between these two support phases, such a cam is known per se.
- the installation is such that while the compression box is brought back in the high position shown in Figures 1 and 2 and begins its next stroke of descent, the drum 2 is rotated to present another face 20 carrier of a first part of mold to the action of the compression box.
- the invention relates to the mechanism implemented so that the ascent of the compression box 3 can be ensured by the action of the cam 4.
- the cam 4 is positioned between the lower rollers 33 and at least one upper roller 52 movable in translation, carried by the box compression and kept in abutment against the periphery of the cam 4 by the action of a jack 56 mounted on the compression box 3.
- An elongated arm 50 is mounted mobile in rotation on the compression box 3 by its first end 51.
- the arm 50 carries near its second end at least an upper roller 52 rotatably mounted on an axis 53, two in the example shown in drawing, said rollers 52 being in abutment against the periphery of the cam 4.
- a jack 56 whose chamber is carried, movable in rotation, by an axis 57 mounted on the upper face 32 of the compression box 3, is coupled by its rod 55 to the second end of the arm 50, around an axis 54.
- the jack 56 is an oleopneumatic jack powered by an accumulator 6 so that it ensures that the upper rollers 52 are permanently in abutment around the cam 4.
- the compression box 3 is then held by the support of the rollers upper 52 and lower rollers 33 on generally opposite portions diametrically of the cam 4.
- the weight of the compression box 3 is not supported by the jack as in the embodiments previously proposed, but by the shaft 13 of the cam, the jack 56 only having to provide the effort necessary to ensuring the support of the upper rollers 52 and the lower rollers 33 on the cam 4, this effort being minimized by the leverage effect provided by the configuration of the arm 50.
- FIGS 3a to 3e provide a better understanding of the movement of the compression box 3 during the rotation of the cam 4, these figures are presented so that the shaft 13 carrying the cam 4 is always at the same level. Indeed, the position in height of this shaft 13 does not vary during work since it is carried by the lateral sides 10 of the frame 1 of the press.
- Figures 3a and 3e show said compression box 3 in its position for which it is furthest from the drum 2.
- Figure 3c shows a position of the cam for which the box compression is in the extreme lower position, during molding.
- FIGS. 3b and 3d show intermediate positions during the cam rotation 4.
- the ascent mechanism according to the invention also has the advantage of working the rod 55 of the jack 56 only on one small stroke, much less than the total stroke of the displacement of the gearbox compression 3.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne une presse destinée au formage par moulage de produits en terre cuite tels que des tuiles.The present invention relates to a press for forming by molding terracotta products such as tiles.
Une telle presse est décrite en détail au document EP-A-0 847 849.Such a press is described in detail in document EP-A-0 847 849.
De telles presses sont connues et mises en oeuvre de longue date. Elles comportent un bâti entre les flanc latéraux verticaux duquel sont disposés un tambour et une boíte usuellement appelée boíte de compression.Such presses have been known and used for a long time. They have a frame between the vertical lateral flanks of which are arranged a drum and a box usually called compression box.
Le tambour est de section polygonale et porte sur chaque face une partie du moule de formage.The drum is of polygonal section and carries on each side a part of the forming mold.
La boíte de compression porte la partie du moule de formage complémentaire de celle portée par le tambour et est montée mobile par rapport au bâti afin d'avoir un mouvement vertical de va-et-vient lui permettant de s'approcher et de s'éloigner du tambour. Ce mouvement vertical est piloté par la rotation d'une came.The compression box carries the part of the forming mold complementary to that carried by the drum and is mounted movable relative to the frame in order to have a vertical back and forth movement allowing it to approach and move away from the drum. This vertical movement is controlled by the rotation of a cam.
La boíte de compression a globalement la forme d'un parallélépipède dont le volume interne est en grande partie vide, portant un ou des rouleaux inférieur(s) montés fixes en translation mais mobiles en rotation près de sa face inférieure dirigée vers le tambour.The compression box has the overall shape of a parallelepiped whose internal volume is largely empty, carrying one or more lower rollers mounted fixed in translation but mobile in rotation near its underside directed towards the drum.
La came est fixée sur un axe porté par le bâti et est positionnée dans le volume vide de la boíte de compression, en appui contre le (ou les) rouleau(x) inférieur(s).The cam is fixed on an axis carried by the frame and is positioned in the empty volume of the compression box, pressing against the roller (s) lower (s).
La forme de la came est telle qu'au cours de sa rotation, elle pousse les rouleaux inférieurs et donc la boíte de compression en direction du tambour de manière à assurer la mise en forme de la matière préalablement positionnée sur la partie de moule portée par ledit tambour.The shape of the cam is such that during its rotation, it pushes the lower rollers and therefore the compression box in the direction of the drum so ensuring the shaping of the material previously positioned on the part of mold carried by said drum.
Le problème qui se pose dans ces dispositifs de presse est celui de la remontée de la boíte de compression après le pressage.The problem that arises in these press devices is that of rise of the compression box after pressing.
Dans le temps, différentes solutions ont été proposées mais aucune de celles-ci n'est totalement satisfaisante.Over time, different solutions have been proposed but none of these are not completely satisfactory.
On a tout d'abord prévu des contrepoids rappelant en permanence la boíte de compression vers le haut, mais ceux-ci doivent être de masse importante ce qui créé des efforts importants au niveau de l'axe de rotation de la came. We first provided counterweights permanently reminding the box of compression upwards, but these must be of large mass which creates significant forces at the axis of rotation of the cam.
Il a ensuite été proposé de positionner sur l'axe de la came de commande, une came dite came de remontée configurée de manière à repousser vers le haut un rouleau supérieur porté par la partie supérieure de la boíte de compression. Cette came de remontée doit présenter un contour tel qu'à tout moment au cours du travail, la distance séparant le point supérieur de la came de remontée du point inférieur de la came de commande reste constante au cours du travail et égale à la distance séparant les rouleaux inférieurs et supérieur. Une telle disposition nécessite des réglages très précis de la forme et de la position de la came de remontée.It was then proposed to position on the axis of the control cam, a so-called ascent cam configured to push up a upper roller carried by the upper part of the compression box. This cam lift must have a contour such that at any time during work, the distance from the upper point of the ascent cam to the lower point of the control cam remains constant during work and equal to the distance between the lower and upper rollers. Such an arrangement requires very precise adjustments the shape and position of the ascent cam.
Enfin, un dernier dispositif comporte un vérin oléopneumatique fixé d'une part au bâti et d'autre part à la boíte de compression afin de tirer en permanence la boíte de compression vers le haut. Dans cette disposition, il est nécessaire que le vérin puisse effectuer la course totale du déplacement de la boíte de compression soit environ trente centimètres entre ses positions extrêmes haute et basse. Il faut alors mettre en place un circuit comportant des accumulateurs de puissance importante afin de supporter en permanence le poids de la boíte de compression sur toute la course de travail de celle-ci.Finally, a last device comprises an oleopneumatic cylinder fixed with a part to the frame and secondly to the compression box in order to permanently pull the box compression up. In this arrangement, it is necessary that the cylinder can make the total stroke of the displacement of the compression box is about thirty centimeters between its extreme high and low positions. It is then necessary to set up a circuit comprising large power accumulators in order to withstand permanently the weight of the compression box over the entire working stroke thereof.
La présente invention tend à proposer un dispositif assurant la retenue et le rappel vers le haut de la boíte de compression de manière simple et fiable.The present invention aims to propose a device ensuring the retention and reminder to the top of the compression box in a simple and reliable way.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne une presse comportant un bâti, une boíte de compression, un tambour, une came globalement elliptique montée sur un arbre supporté par le bâti et destinée à piloter un mouvement de va-et-vient de la boíte de compression, par rapport au tambour, en agissant sur au moins un rouleau inférieur, parallèle audit arbre de la came, monté fixe en translation dans des faces latérales de la boíte de compression, caractérisée en ce que ladite came est disposée entre ledit rouleau inférieur et au moins un rouleau supérieur mobile en translation, porté par la boíte de compression et maintenu en appui contre le pourtour de la came par l'action d'un vérin monté sur la boíte de compression.To this end, the invention relates to a press comprising a frame, a box of compression, a drum, a generally elliptical cam mounted on a shaft supported by the frame and intended to control a back-and-forth movement of the box compression, with respect to the drum, by acting on at least one lower roller, parallel to said cam shaft, mounted fixed in translation in lateral faces of the compression box, characterized in that said cam is disposed between said roller lower and at least one upper roller movable in translation, carried by the box compression and maintained in abutment against the periphery of the cam by the action of a jack mounted on the compression box.
La presse selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention est encore remarquable en ce que :
- le rouleau supérieur est porté par un bras allongé monté mobile en rotation sur la boíte de compression par sa première extrémité,
- le bras porte le rouleau supérieur près de sa seconde extrémité,
- le vérin est attelé par sa tige à la seconde extrémité du bras,
- le vérin est alimenté par un accumulateur.
- the upper roller is carried by an elongated arm mounted mobile in rotation on the compression box by its first end,
- the arm carries the upper roller near its second end,
- the jack is coupled by its rod to the second end of the arm,
- the cylinder is powered by an accumulator.
L'invention sera mieux comprise grâce à la description qui va suivre donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- la figure 1 est une vue de face en coupe de la presse selon l'invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue de côté en coupe de la presse de la figure 1,
- les figures 3a à 3e sont des vues de côté de la boíte de compression pour différentes positions de celle-ci au cours du formage.
- FIG. 1 is a front view in section of the press according to the invention,
- FIG. 2 is a side view in section of the press of FIG. 1,
- Figures 3a to 3e are side views of the compression box for different positions thereof during forming.
Comme visible au dessin, la presse est globalement composée d'un bâti 1,
d'une boíte de compression 3 et d'un tambour 2.As visible in the drawing, the press is generally composed of a
Le tambour 2 est de section polygonale, il présente six faces planes 20 dans
l'exemple de réalisation représenté au dessin. En opération, chaque face plane 20 dudit
tambour 2 porte une première partie du moule nécessaire à la formation du produit, ce
moule n'a pas été représenté au dessin.The
Le bâti 1 est globalement parallélépipèdique, il comporte un socle 11 et une
paroi supérieure 12 reliés par des flanc latéraux 10.The
La boíte de compression 3 est également globalement parallélépipèdique et
comporte une face inférieure 31 et une face supérieure 32 reliées par des faces latérales
30.The
La came 4 destinée à piloter le mouvement de va-et-vient de la boíte de
compression 3 est montée sur un arbre 13 supporté par les flancs latéraux 10 du bâti 1 et
s'étend à l'intérieur du volume intérieur creux de la boíte de compression 3.The
Au moins un rouleau inférieur 33, deux dans l'exemple représenté au dessin,
disposé parallèlement à l'arbre 13 de la came est monté libre en rotation mais fixe en
translation dans les faces latérales 30 de la boíte de compression 3. La came 4 est en
appui contre ces rouleaux inférieurs 33.At least one
Comme visible à la figure 2, la came 4 a une forme globalement elliptique et
est montée décentrée sur l'arbre 13. Par ce montage, au cours de la rotation de la came,
son pourtour repousse les rouleaux inférieurs 33 vers le bas ce qui induit une descente
de la boíte de compression 3.As can be seen in FIG. 2, the
Lorsque la boíte de compression 3 est dans sa position la plus basse, la
seconde partie du moule, non représentée au dessin, qui est positionnée sous la face
inférieure 31 appuie sur la matière initialement positionnée sur la première partie de
moule portée par le tambour pour assurer le pressage et le moulage de la matière. Dans
l'exemple de réalisation représenté au dessin, la came 4 est telle que l'appui sur la
matière est réalisé deux fois pour chaque action de moulage, la pression étant faiblement
relâchée entre ces deux phases d'appui, une telle came est connue en soi.When the
L'installation est telle que tandis que la boíte de compression est ramenée
dans la position haute représentée aux figures 1 et 2 et amorce sa course suivante de
descente, le tambour 2 est entraíné en rotation afin de présenter une autre face 20
porteuse d'une première partie de moule à l'action de la boíte de compression.The installation is such that while the compression box is brought back
in the high position shown in Figures 1 and 2 and begins its next stroke of
descent, the
L'invention concerne le mécanisme mis en oeuvre afin que la remontée de la
boíte de compression 3 puisse être assurée par l'action de la came 4.The invention relates to the mechanism implemented so that the ascent of the
Suivant l'invention, la came 4 est positionnée entre les rouleaux inférieurs
33 et au moins un rouleau supérieur 52 mobile en translation, porté par la boíte de
compression et maintenu en appui contre le pourtour de la came 4 par l'action d'un vérin
56 monté sur la boíte de compression 3.According to the invention, the
Un bras allongé 50 est monté mobile en rotation sur la boíte de compression
3 par sa première extrémité 51. Le bras 50 porte près de sa seconde extrémité au moins
un rouleau supérieur 52 monté rotatif sur un axe 53, deux dans l'exemple représenté au
dessin, lesdits rouleaux 52 étant en appui contre le pourtour de la came 4.An
Un vérin 56 dont la chambre est portée, mobile en rotation, par un axe 57
monté sur la face supérieure 32 de la boíte de compression 3, est attelé par sa tige 55 à
la seconde extrémité du bras 50, autour d'un axe 54.A
Le vérin 56 est un vérin oléopneumatique alimenté par un accumulateur 6
de sorte qu'il assure que les rouleaux supérieurs 52 sont en permanence en appui contre
le pourtour de la came 4.The
La boíte de compression 3 est alors maintenue par l'appui des rouleaux
supérieurs 52 et des rouleaux inférieurs 33 sur des portions globalement opposées
diamétralement de la came 4.The
Par cette disposition, le poids de la boíte de compression 3 n'est pas
supporté par le vérin comme dans les exemples de réalisation proposés antérieurement,
mais par l'arbre 13 de la came, le vérin 56 n'ayant à fournir que l'effort nécessaire pour
assurer l'appui des rouleaux supérieurs 52 et des rouleaux inférieurs 33 sur la came 4,
cet effort étant minimisé par l'effet de levier apporté par la configuration du bras 50.By this arrangement, the weight of the
Les figures 3a à 3e permettent de mieux comprendre le mouvement de la
boíte de compression 3 au cours de la rotation de la came 4, ces figures sont présentées
de sorte que l'arbre 13 portant la came 4 soit toujours au même niveau. En effet, la
position en hauteur de cet arbre 13 ne varie pas au cours du travail puisqu'il est porté par
les flancs latéraux 10 du bâti 1 de la presse.Figures 3a to 3e provide a better understanding of the movement of the
Les figures 3a et 3e montrent ladite boíte de compression 3 dans sa position
supérieure pour laquelle elle est la plus éloignée du tambour 2.Figures 3a and 3e show said
La figure 3c représente une position de la came pour laquelle la boíte de compression est en position extrême inférieure, lors du moulage.Figure 3c shows a position of the cam for which the box compression is in the extreme lower position, during molding.
Les figures 3b et 3d représentent des positions intermédiaires au cours de la
rotation de la came 4.FIGS. 3b and 3d show intermediate positions during the
Comme visible au dessin, le mécanisme de remontée suivant l'invention
présente de plus l'avantage de ne faire travailler la tige 55 du vérin 56 que sur une
course faible, largement inférieure à la course totale du déplacement de la boíte de
compression 3.As visible in the drawing, the ascent mechanism according to the invention
also has the advantage of working the
Les différents montages mobiles en rotation du bras 50 sur la boíte de
compression 3, du vérin 56 sur la boíte de compression 3, des rouleaux inférieurs 52 sur
le bras 50 et de la tige 55 de vérin sur le bras 50 permettent au mécanisme de suivre les
déplacements relatifs de la boíte de compression 3 et de la came 4.The various movable rotational assemblies of the
Claims (5)
- A press intended for moulding earthenware products, comprising a frame (1), a compression box (3) which bears a part of the forming mould, a drum (2) of polygonal section which bears on each face a part of the forming mould which is complementary with that borne by the compression box (3), a cam (4) mounted on a shaft (13) supported by the frame (1) and intended to control a back-and-forth movement of the compression box (3), relative to the drum (2), acting on at least one lower roller (33), parallel to the shaft (13) of the cam (4), which is mounted to be fixed in translation in lateral faces (30) of the compression box (3), characterised in that said cam (4) is arranged between said lower roller (33) and at least one upper roller (52) which is mobile in translation, borne by the compression box (3) and held bearing against the periphery of the cam (4) by the action of a piston-cylinder unit (56) mounted on the compression box (3).
- A press according to Claim 1, characterised in that the upper roller (52) is borne by an elongated arm (50) which is mounted to be mobile in rotation on the compression box (3) by one of its ends (51).
- A press according to Claim 2, characterised in that the arm (50) bears the upper roller (52) close to the other end.
- A press according to Claim 2 or Claim 3, characterised in that the piston-cylinder unit (56) is coupled by its rod (55) to the second end of the arm (50).
- A press according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the piston-cylinder unit (56) is supplied with power by an accumulator (6).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0015953 | 2000-12-08 | ||
| FR0015953A FR2817795B1 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2000-12-08 | HURRY |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1213134A1 EP1213134A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
| EP1213134B1 true EP1213134B1 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
Family
ID=8857397
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01403160A Expired - Lifetime EP1213134B1 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2001-12-07 | Press |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1213134B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE270958T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60104268T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2817795B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100467262C (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2009-03-11 | 朱锦忠 | Top pressing cam unit for powder forming press |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE460688A (en) * | 1944-10-16 | |||
| IT1289725B1 (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 1998-10-16 | Fomb Officine Meccaniche Bongi | DRUM PRESSES, IN PARTICULAR FOR CLAY PRODUCTS, PERFECTED |
| JPH11221697A (en) * | 1998-02-04 | 1999-08-17 | Amada Co Ltd | Ram drive assembly of press machine |
-
2000
- 2000-12-08 FR FR0015953A patent/FR2817795B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-12-07 EP EP01403160A patent/EP1213134B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-07 DE DE60104268T patent/DE60104268T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-07 AT AT01403160T patent/ATE270958T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE270958T1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
| EP1213134A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
| DE60104268D1 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
| DE60104268T2 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
| FR2817795B1 (en) | 2003-06-13 |
| FR2817795A1 (en) | 2002-06-14 |
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