EP1209366B1 - Dispositif d'actionnement pour utilisation dans un véhicule à moteur - Google Patents

Dispositif d'actionnement pour utilisation dans un véhicule à moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1209366B1
EP1209366B1 EP20000124877 EP00124877A EP1209366B1 EP 1209366 B1 EP1209366 B1 EP 1209366B1 EP 20000124877 EP20000124877 EP 20000124877 EP 00124877 A EP00124877 A EP 00124877A EP 1209366 B1 EP1209366 B1 EP 1209366B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hose
pressure
pneumatic actuator
actuating device
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20000124877
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1209366A1 (fr
Inventor
Albrecht Kretzschmar
Bernd Lorenz
Jörg Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Festo SE and Co KG
Continental Safety Engineering International GmbH
Original Assignee
Festo SE and Co KG
Siemens Restraint Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Festo SE and Co KG, Siemens Restraint Systems GmbH filed Critical Festo SE and Co KG
Priority to DE50002102T priority Critical patent/DE50002102D1/de
Priority to EP20000124877 priority patent/EP1209366B1/fr
Publication of EP1209366A1 publication Critical patent/EP1209366A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1209366B1 publication Critical patent/EP1209366B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/10—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit the motor being of diaphragm type
    • F15B15/103—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit the motor being of diaphragm type using inflatable bodies that contract when fluid pressure is applied, e.g. pneumatic artificial muscles or McKibben-type actuators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an actuating device, in particular for the Use in motor vehicles.
  • actuating devices are used in motor vehicle construction used, which is usually the comfort of the driver and the Serve vehicle occupants, but also to a large extent tasks in the Take over as part of a comprehensive security concept.
  • the Window lifting device and the drive of the windshield wipers are only two Examples of such actuators.
  • actuators are predominantly closed understand that defined in response to a signal with the addition of auxiliary energy Start actions.
  • actuators in motor vehicle construction uses electrical actuators, especially electric motors, as well the window lifting device already mentioned and the drive of the Do windshield wiper system. But there are also numerous Actuators that work mechanically and / or operated by hand become. An example of this is the actuator for opening the Bonnet or tailgate, which are usually levers and cables includes. The adjustment of the fresh air supply nozzles takes place usually by hand using an integrated in the nozzle and on the nozzle arranged mechanical actuator.
  • Actuators for motor vehicles the tasks under a Security concept take over are often combined with sensors. These sensors generate when certain boundary conditions exist Signal which is fed to the actuating device and activates it.
  • An example of such an actuator is the gas generator an airbag module. If necessary, this is activated by a signal that is generated by a sensor, the sensor often being a Accelerometer is the one when a permissible is exceeded Acceleration generates a signal.
  • This signal works together with Auxiliary energy introduced, for example, the ignition of a pyrotechnic Primer charge and / or the opening of a pressurized gas reservoir, wherein the gas generated or the gas released fills the airbag. Hiebei is the action started by the actuator filling the Airbag.
  • the electric drives also include mechanical ones Components, which is why, like mechanical actuators in principle, are subject to the stick-slip effect disadvantageously. caused is the stick-slip effect due to the sliding between the friction occurring relative to each other.
  • the components which can be moved and are in contact by the Electric drive is subjected to forces, so there is a displacement of the Components against each other only when the external force, the static friction occurring in the interface between the in contact stationary components. This force decreases with the beginning of the Relative movement a value corresponding to the sliding friction coefficient, when falling below that defined by the sliding friction coefficient Sliding friction force the relative movement comes to a standstill again.
  • these electric drives may not always be in the frame of a passive safety concept, because with they do not have the necessary response or adjustment times can.
  • a sufficiently quick positioning is one Bonnet in a position advantageous for the opponent of the accident electric drive according to the prior art is not possible because the for the time provided for this process is insufficient or the Electric motor requires unacceptably long adjustment times.
  • a Actuating device in particular for use in motor vehicles, to introduce the disadvantages of the actuating devices according to the prior art the technology reduces or eliminates, in particular a faster Responsiveness or a shorter adjustment time and should a smaller ratio of component weight to actuation force Has.
  • an actuator with a compressed pressure medium storage and a pneumatic Actuator in which the memory and the pneumatic actuator are connected are connected and the connection can be closed by means of a valve and in which the pneumatic actuator has an axially and radially elastic hose comprises, whereby by pressurizing the pneumatic actuator The diameter of the hose increases and the length of the hose increases shortened and the usable by the shortening distance x to Actuation of a further, downstream device is used.
  • the actuation device according to the invention is memory as an energy source a self-sufficient unit that in particular does not rely on a battery is instructed as an energy source. This is precisely the case in motor vehicle construction reasons described in the introduction are advantageous since the number of Actuators in vehicle construction increases and an increase in Battery capacity is undesirable due to the associated disadvantages.
  • the actuating device according to the invention due to its Independence regardless of any existing or not existing energy sources can be arranged. For example, an im Actuator built-in rear of the motor vehicle does not have a possibly arranged in the front area battery, whereby the complex and costly laying of additional electrical Lines are omitted.
  • the use of the pneumatic actuator ensures Actuation device according to the invention for essential advantages the actuators known from the prior art.
  • the design of the pneumatic actuator and the one in it Integrated axially and radially elastic hose ensure an advantageous and improved operating behavior of the actuating device.
  • the behavior of the elastic hose with regard to its strength and the tension states present in the hose can be derived approximately from the consideration of a straight, circular cylindrical container - a so-called "boiler shell".
  • the so-called membrane stress state in the boiler jacket is described by a stress ⁇ I acting in the circumferential direction and a stress ⁇ II acting in the longitudinal direction.
  • ⁇ I p * r / s
  • ⁇ II 1 ⁇ 2 * p * r / s
  • the actuator is operated in such a way that by opening the Valve the connection between the memory and the pneumatic actuator will be produced.
  • the pneumatic actuator due to the compressed print medium stored in the memory acted upon, wherein the pressure medium flowing into the hose to a Increases the inner pressure of the hose leads.
  • This causes the elastic to expand Hose in the radial direction, thereby simultaneously contraction of the Hose takes place in the longitudinal direction.
  • the shortening of the hose or the Distance x which is characterized by the length difference between the relaxed and the hose shortened by contraction is used for the Actuation of a downstream device used.
  • the hose with its free end i.e. with the end that is opposite the end connected to the memory, in the manner with a downstream device connected by the contraction available longitudinal force F of the hose for actuating the downstream device can be used.
  • the one with the hose connected device endeavors by the Pressurization to follow contraction of the hose and track the movement of the free end of the hose while doing so to cover the distance x required for the contraction. this leads to then ultimately to the intended actuation of the device.
  • the actuating device according to the invention is based on the principle less susceptible to faults and easier to install, which among other things the result is that the presented actuator no special maintenance, in particular no lubrication of individual components required. It is easier to install Actuator not only due to the fact that it is a independent, self-sufficient functional unit, but also because of pneumatic actuator is significantly less sensitive to installation errors, with the possibility of any guidance of the elastic Hose exists, which is not always linear in the installed state must be arranged.
  • Actuators in which the valve is an are advantageous Fast switching valve is. This allows the pneumatic actuator from Storage supplied amount of pressure medium regulated in small steps and can be dosed exactly. In addition, both the response and also the adjustment time of the overall "actuating device" system is shorter, these times being the individual response and adjustment times all of the elements of the device partially cumulative. Thus leads the improvement of an element to an improvement of the overall system.
  • Actuators in which the memory and the pneumatic actuator are connected to each other via a pressure line This increases the flexibility when installing the device compared to the Embodiments in which the pneumatic actuator without Interposition of a pressure line is connected directly to the memory.
  • a flexible pressure line enables an arrangement of the pneumatic Actuator and the memory each independently, but also the Supply of several pneumatic actuators from one memory by means of several pressure lines.
  • Actuators are advantageous in which between the memory and the pneumatic actuator is arranged a pressure reducer which Reduces the pressure of the compressed print medium. This makes it possible to store the print medium highly compressed in the memory. Will that If there is no pressure reducer, the pressure medium only exits from the memory, when entering the pneumatic actuator and possibly in the throttled pressure line arranged between these components, exists at the addition of a pressure reducer and thus an additional one Throttle point the possibility of a much higher pressure drop between Realize memory and actuator, thereby reducing the pressure medium under essential higher pressures can be stored in the memory. Consequently, at Using an additional pressure reducer the internal pressure of the compressed storage medium storing memory a multiple of permissible internal pressure of the elastic hose.
  • a reduction in the storage volume is under the aspect of reducing the space required basically viewed as cheap, with an increase in storable mass of pressure medium is also advantageous in such a way that the actuator corresponding to a larger available quantity of pressure medium can be operated more often.
  • Such an embodiment of the actuating device according to the invention has, as already indicated above, advantages in two ways.
  • the required storage volume with constant medium mass all the more smaller the higher the print medium is compressed.
  • the memory for example, designed as a gas pressure cartridge less frequently must be replaced or filled.
  • Actuators which are characterized in that that in the hose of the pneumatic actuator a displacement body is arranged.
  • This advantageous embodiment is based on the idea that a Hose that has the smallest possible pressure medium Has hose volume when using the same storage - so equally large storage volume and identical storage pressure provided - can be operated more often than a hose that has a larger one with hose volume that can be acted upon by a pressure medium.
  • the hose has a hose volume V s in the relaxed state and has approximately the ambient pressure as the internal pressure. Then, when the pneumatic actuator is pressurized and the desired internal pressure increase of the hose to, for example, 6 bar, on the one hand so much pressure medium must be supplied that a pressure increase of 5 bar takes place in the hose volume V s of the relaxed hose and possibly a volume change ⁇ V des caused by a volume increase Hose is also filled with medium under 6 bar pressure. The mass of pressure medium to be introduced into the hose is thus composed of two parts.
  • the hose volume V s is reduced by the volume V v of the displacement body.
  • the saving in pressure medium is proportional to the volume of the displacer V v .
  • a reduction in the hose volume V s by directly reducing the hose length or the hose diameter is generally not expedient, since the longitudinal force F to be generated must be of a predetermined size and this is a function of the square of the hose radius r.
  • a shortening of the hose is not possible in most applications. This is usually the case when it is not primarily the longitudinal force to be generated that is important, but rather the distance x made usable by the contraction of the hose. It should be taken into account here that the length of the distance x realized by the contraction of the hose depends not only on the internal pressure but also on the total length of the hose.
  • Actuating devices in which the displacement body is cylindrical and are arranged coaxially to the hose are advantageous.
  • the displacement body thus corresponds to the preferred outer shape of the hose, and it is precisely through the similarity of the outer shape of the displacement body and the hose that a maximum reduction in the hose volume V s can be achieved.
  • the invention furthermore relates to the use of one of the aforementioned actuators for positioning a hood of a motor vehicle, the pneumatic actuator with its free end, i.e. with the end, the end connected to the memory opposite, is connected in the manner with the hood that the hose if the length is reduced due to pressurization, the bonnet from one Rest position, in which the hood is arranged in a closed position is in a working position in which the bonnet is positioned elevated, emotional.
  • the background to the targeted positioning of the bonnet is pedestrians and cyclists who are among the weaker road users from to provide protective devices on the part of the motor vehicles. It did studies have shown that the relevant impact zones of Pedestrians and two-wheelers in the area of the front section and here in particular in the area of the hood of the motor vehicle.
  • the hood is the targeted positioning of the hood in front of the Impact of the pedestrian or the two-wheeler. With the help of Positioning devices can be the usually small distance between Enlarge the engine and engine block so that there is a risk of the Head is reduced to the engine block.
  • the bonnet is the distance between the bonnet and the engine block thus increasing the usable deformation path when a person collides.
  • the available actuators, especially the pyrotechnic primers have more or less major disadvantages compared to the presented Actuator on.
  • the presented operating device according to the invention has all necessary properties on an actuator for lifting a bonnet is mandatory. Especially the short ones Response and adjustment times are shown when using the Actuating device according to the invention for positioning a Bonnet of a motor vehicle as extremely cheap.
  • FIG. 1 shows the theoretical, two-axis state of stress in the jacket of the hose 4.
  • the normal stress ⁇ II acts in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the hose 4, the product of this normal stress ⁇ II and the associated annular cross-sectional area of the hose jacket forming the longitudinal force F.
  • the circumferential stress ⁇ I acts perpendicular to the longitudinal stress ⁇ II and thus in the circumferential direction. It is twice as large as the longitudinal stress ⁇ II .
  • the formal relationships have been explained in detail in the general description section and should not be repeated here.
  • Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the actuator as it for example for positioning a hood of a motor vehicle is used.
  • the overall system is shown in the rest position, which in addition to the actuating device, a control unit 11, an intermediate element 9 and a hood bracket 10.
  • the actuating device itself comprises a memory 1, one pneumatic actuator 2 and one the pneumatic actuator 2 and the memory 1 connecting pressure line 5, between the pneumatic actuator 2 and Storage 1 both a valve 3 and a pressure reducer 6 is arranged.
  • the pneumatic actuator 2 has an axially and radially elastic hose 4 on, in which a displacement body to reduce the hose volume 7 is arranged. With its free end 8, the pneumatic actuator is over a Intermediate element 9 with the short leg of an L-shaped and rotatable on Motor vehicle mounted hood bracket 10 connected.
  • the valve 3 is operated by the control unit 11, i.e. opened and closed.
  • the actuator is activated to position the bonnet ( Figure 3).
  • the valve 3 is opened by the control unit 11, so that the pressure medium stored in the memory 1 after passing through the Pressure reducer 6 and the valve 3 in the hose 4 of the pneumatic Actuator 2 flows. Due to the inflowing pressure medium increases the diameter of the hose 4 with simultaneous contraction of the Hose 4.
  • the intermediate element 9 with the free end 8 of the Pneumatic actuator 2 connected hood bracket 10 follows the Contraction of the hose 4 when pressurized in such a way that it is rotates around their bearing 12.
  • the connection point of the intermediate element 9 with the short leg of the hood bracket 10 also migrates in Direction of the longitudinal axis of the hose 4 and thus in the direction of Contraction of the hose 4.
  • the second longer leg of the motor bracket During this rotation, 10 lifts one which is mounted on the bonnet holder 10 Bonnet in an elevated position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif d'actionnement, notamment pour utilisation dans des véhicules à moteur, comprenant un accumulateur (1) stockant un fluide de pressurisation comprimé et un acteur pneumatique (2), dans lequel l'accumulateur (1) et l'acteur pneumatique (2) sont reliés entre eux, la liaison pouvant être obturée au moyen d'une vanne (3), dans lequel l'acteur pneumatique (2) comprend un flexible (4) élastique dans le sens axial et radial, le diamètre du flexible (4) augmentant et la longueur du flexible (4) diminuant lors de la mise sous pression de l'acteur pneumatique (2), et dans lequel la distance exploitable par suite du raccourcissement x sert à actionner un autre dispositif situé en aval.
  2. Dispositif d'actionnement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vanne (3) est une vanne à action rapide.
  3. Dispositif d'actionnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'accumulateur (1) et l'acteur pneumatique (2) sont reliés entre eux par le biais d'une canalisation sous pression (5).
  4. Dispositif d'actionnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu entre l'accumulateur (1) et l'acteur pneumatique (2) un détendeur (6) qui diminue la pression du fluide de pressurisation comprimé.
  5. Dispositif d'actionnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pression de travail de l'acteur pneumatique (2), qui correspond à la pression interne maximale p du flexible (4) lors de la mise sous pression de l'acteur (2), est inférieure à la pression du fluide de pressurisation comprimé stocké dans l'accumulateur (1).
  6. Dispositif d'actionnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que un corps déplaceur (7) est disposé dans le flexible (1) de l'acteur pneumatique (2).
  7. Dispositif d'actionnement selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps déplaceur (7) est réalisé sous forme de cylindre et disposé coaxialement par rapport au flexible (4).
  8. Utilisation d'un dispositif d'actionnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes pour positionner un capot d'un véhicule à moteur, caractérisée en ce que l'acteur pneumatique (2) est relié au capot par son extrémité libre (8), c'est-à-dire par l'extrémité opposée à l'extrémité reliée à l'accumulateur (1), de telle manière que le flexible, dont la longueur a été raccourcie par suite de sa mise sous pression, déplace le capot de sa position de repos, dans laquelle est placé le capot lorsqu'il est fermé, dans une position de travail dans laquelle le capot est positionné en hauteur.
EP20000124877 2000-11-15 2000-11-15 Dispositif d'actionnement pour utilisation dans un véhicule à moteur Expired - Lifetime EP1209366B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE50002102T DE50002102D1 (de) 2000-11-15 2000-11-15 Betätigungsvorrichtung für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen
EP20000124877 EP1209366B1 (fr) 2000-11-15 2000-11-15 Dispositif d'actionnement pour utilisation dans un véhicule à moteur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20000124877 EP1209366B1 (fr) 2000-11-15 2000-11-15 Dispositif d'actionnement pour utilisation dans un véhicule à moteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1209366A1 EP1209366A1 (fr) 2002-05-29
EP1209366B1 true EP1209366B1 (fr) 2003-05-07

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EP20000124877 Expired - Lifetime EP1209366B1 (fr) 2000-11-15 2000-11-15 Dispositif d'actionnement pour utilisation dans un véhicule à moteur

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DE (1) DE50002102D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10102910B4 (de) * 2001-01-23 2005-06-02 Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere Cabrio, mit aktiv angesteuerten Torsionsstabilisatoren
DE10256950B4 (de) * 2002-12-05 2007-02-15 Peguform Gmbh Fußgängerschutzsystem und Verfahren zum Schutz von Fußgängern
DE102004013340B4 (de) * 2004-03-17 2006-11-30 Peguform Gmbh Multifunktionale Dichtung
DE102004029167A1 (de) 2004-06-17 2005-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sitzverstellvorrichtung, sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4784040A (en) * 1987-08-18 1988-11-15 Caterpillar Inc. Control system for expelling liquid from a pneumatic actuator
JPH09315266A (ja) * 1996-05-31 1997-12-09 Mitsubishi Motors Corp 車両用フード装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1209366A1 (fr) 2002-05-29
DE50002102D1 (de) 2003-06-12

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