EP1207826A1 - Scalpel laser - Google Patents

Scalpel laser

Info

Publication number
EP1207826A1
EP1207826A1 EP00958035A EP00958035A EP1207826A1 EP 1207826 A1 EP1207826 A1 EP 1207826A1 EP 00958035 A EP00958035 A EP 00958035A EP 00958035 A EP00958035 A EP 00958035A EP 1207826 A1 EP1207826 A1 EP 1207826A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
suction
distal end
suction channel
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00958035A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Erich Von Der Heide
Kurt Franz ZÄNGLEIN
Egon Alzner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Austrian Laser Produktion und Handel GmbH
Original Assignee
Austrian Laser Produktion und Handel GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Austrian Laser Produktion und Handel GmbH filed Critical Austrian Laser Produktion und Handel GmbH
Publication of EP1207826A1 publication Critical patent/EP1207826A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
    • A61F9/008—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
    • A61F9/008—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser
    • A61F2009/00861—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser adapted for treatment at a particular location
    • A61F2009/0087—Lens

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laser scalpel for cutting biological tissue with a suction device, the suction device having a suction channel arranged parallel to a laser fiber provided with a distal end that is free in the axial direction of the laser fiber and having a suction opening, and a laser beam emerging from the distal end of the laser fiber.
  • Laser scalpels or laser tools of this type have been used for some time in the field of eye surgery, especially in the treatment of cataracts.
  • the lens nucleus of the eye is crushed and extracted with the help of energy.
  • the energy is absorbed by water in the lens core and converted into heat, which destroys the protein of the lens and breaks it down into fragments or partially liquefies it.
  • This liquefaction process is also known as phacoemulsification.
  • the lens treated in this way is removed from the eye by means of a suction device.
  • laser scalpels Similar to the instruments used for ultrasound, laser scalpels generally consist of a manually operated handpiece and a replaceable working tip to be placed on the handpiece, as well as connections to suitable rinsing and suction devices.
  • the working tip includes an adapter for attaching the Tip on the handpiece, a cannula for suction, in which a fiber for light transmission is installed on the side, and, if necessary, another channel for rinsing.
  • the laser scalpel working tips known in the prior art have, in accordance with one embodiment, such as, for example, US Pat. No. 5,112,328 A, an arrangement in which an optical fiber is fastened to the inner wall of the suction cannula and is flush with the distal end of the cannula.
  • the interior of the cannula, which is not occupied by the fiber, serves as a suction channel for the lens fragments.
  • the flush arrangement of the fiber and suction opening causes the suction cannula to become blocked, especially with harder lens cores, since fragments that have not been adequately crushed by the laser beam can be sucked into the opening and close it.
  • the lack of separation of fiber and suction and the resulting geometry of the suction channel also promote the tendency to block the suction, especially since particles can get caught in the acute-angled longitudinal edges between the concave inner wall of the suction channel and the convex surface of the laser fiber.
  • a laser operation device is known from US Pat. No. 4,694,828 A in which tissue to be removed is evaporated by means of a laser beam which is generated within a chamber.
  • the laser beam is in a specially designed chamber that is at the distal end of the Laser fiber is located opposite, intercepted, and the evaporated tissue is discharged via a suction channel.
  • the distal end of the laser fiber is not free in the axial direction of the laser fiber in order to protect surrounding tissue, but is covered by the chamber described above.
  • a laser surgical instrument is known from WO 91/06271, in which a pulsating laser beam strikes a transducer which converts the electromagnetic energy into mechanical shock waves that emerge from the surgical tool via an opening in a suction channel.
  • the invention aims to avoid the disadvantages and difficulties of the prior art and has as its object to provide a laser scalpel of the type described at the outset, which enables undisturbed suction and, because of the shortened treatment time and treatment to be carried out without intermediate cleaning, considerably reduces the risk for the patient ,
  • the laser fiber is arranged outside the suction channel, that the suction channel projects beyond the distal end of the laser fiber, that the suction opening is provided in a wall facing the laser beam in the part of the suction channel projecting beyond the distal end of the laser fiber is that the suction opening faces the laser beam emerging from the distal end of the laser fiber and that the suction channel has a rounded distal end.
  • a second embodiment is characterized in that the laser fiber is arranged outside the suction channel, that the suction channel projects beyond the distal end of the laser fiber, that the suction opening is provided in a wall facing the laser beam in the part of the suction channel projecting beyond the distal end of the laser fiber, that the Suction opening facing the laser beam emerging from the distal end of the laser fiber and that the laser scalpel has an externally smooth-walled cladding tube.
  • the laser fiber is arranged outside the suction channel, the suction channel projects beyond the distal end of the laser fiber, if the suction opening is provided in a wall of the suction channel projecting beyond the distal end of the laser fiber, the suction opening is that from the distal end facing the laser fiber emerging and the suction channel has a constant cross-section over the length of the working tip.
  • a laser scalpel of the type described in the introduction in which the laser fiber is arranged outside the suction channel and the suction channel projects beyond the distal end of the laser fiber, the suction opening in a wall facing the laser beam is provided in the part of the suction channel which projects beyond the distal end of the laser fiber, and the suction opening faces the laser beam emerging from the distal end of the laser fiber, but the suction channel does not have a rounded distal end, but rather it is designed with an edge.
  • this laser scalpel is not surrounded on the outside by a smooth-walled cladding tube.
  • the suction channel is also conical on the inside over the length of the working tip.
  • the suction opening is preferably provided according to the invention in a side wall forming the suction channel, which projects beyond the distal end of the laser fiber.
  • the suction channel preferably has a single suction opening in the side wall, which ensures that the lens fragments must in any case pass through the fiber exit surface.
  • the suction opening has a smaller cross-section than the suction channel, preferably one that is at least 10% smaller. This ensures that only fragments that are smaller than the cross section of the suction channel can get into it. This prevents the canal from becoming blocked.
  • the largest diameter of the suction opening is advantageously smaller than the smallest diameter of the suction channel.
  • the closed distal end of the suction channel is expediently rounded, thereby reducing the risk of injuries from sharp edges when the working tip is inserted into the eye.
  • the laser scalpel has a tube in which the laser fiber is arranged on one side, and in that the suction channel is formed inside the tube and opposite the laser fiber by a wall.
  • the suction channel is formed by a further tube arranged inside the tube, preferably with an elliptical cross section.
  • the laser scalpel is advantageously equipped with a further channel for supplying a filler, such as a saline solution, etc. This has the advantage that no separate cut is necessary for the flushing, since the flushing channel can be inserted in one working tip together with the laser fiber and suction device.
  • a filler such as a saline solution, etc.
  • the additional channel for supplying a filler is expediently formed by a channel that surrounds both the suction channel and the laser fiber peripherally.
  • the suction opening in plan view of the suction opening, is largely, preferably entirely, covered by the laser beam.
  • An expedient embodiment for the more versatile use of the laser scalpel is characterized in that the part of the suction channel projecting beyond the distal end of the laser fiber is roughened on the outside, the roughness advantageously being in the range from 20 to 60 ⁇ m, preferably 25 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a working tip of a laser scalpel according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a working tip of a laser scalpel according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view according to arrow A on the in FIG 2 shows a laser scalpel working tip
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through the laser scalpel working tip shown in FIG. 2 along line IV-IV
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a section comparable to FIG. 4 through another embodiment of a working tip of a laser scalpel according to the invention.
  • the working tip 1 of a known laser scalpel is formed by a tube 2, called an enveloping tube, to the inside 3 of which a laser fiber 4 is attached, which guides the laser light necessary for the operation from the laser source to the operating area.
  • the inner space formed by the cladding tube 2 and not occupied by the laser fiber serves as a suction channel 5, through which the fragmented lens core is transported away by means of a suction device, not shown. 1, the distal end 6 of the laser fiber 4 is flush with the suction channel 5 or the cladding tube 2, i.e. the suction opening 7 is at the same level as the distal end 6 of the laser fiber 4.
  • the working tip 1 shown in FIG. 2 of a laser scalpel according to the invention also has a cladding tube 2, for example with an outside diameter of 1.2 mm, the cladding tube 2 being made of a material, such as stainless steel, which is common in the medical field.
  • a laser fiber 4 is attached for use as a light guide in an infrared range of about 3 ⁇ m
  • the proximal area, the so-called main light guide (not shown) is mostly made of zinc fluoride, whereas the distal area bridges the distance is formed between the main light guide and the operating field by a conventional quartz fiber, since zinc fluoride is not a biocompatible material.
  • the quartz portion of the light guide is kept as small as possible in order to minimize the attenuation of the radiation caused by the quartz fiber.
  • the laser fiber 4 has a diameter of approximately 200-300 ⁇ m. Depending on the desired energy transfer, other diameters are also possible.
  • a tube 10 with an elliptical cross section (see FIG. 4) is pressed into the cladding tube 2, which forms the suction channel 5.
  • the cross section of the ellipse is dimensioned so that the cladding tube 2 is optimally filled.
  • the elliptical tube 10 protrudes beyond the end of the cladding tube 2 and the distal end 6 of the laser fiber 4, in the exemplary embodiment shown by approximately 500-600 ⁇ m, while the laser fiber 4 is flush with the cladding tube 2.
  • the tube 10 is closed at its distal end 11, the distal end 11 of the tube 10 being rounded.
  • a suction opening 7 is provided, which faces the laser beam 14 emerging from the distal end 6 of the laser fiber 4.
  • the suction opening 7 could, for example, also be in a wall of the tube 10 which tapers to a rounded tip and faces the laser beam 14, i.e. not at right angles to the laser beam exit surface 15.
  • the lens core fragments 8 and 9 are pulled in operation by the suction device in front of the suction opening 7, whereby they pass through the laser beam 14 and, if necessary, are crushed by this by constructionally constant contact with the laser beam 14 until they are small enough through the suction opening 7 to get into the tube 10. It is advantageous if the largest diameter D1 of the suction opening 7 is smaller than the smallest diameter D2 of the suction channel 5, in this embodiment the smallest diameter D2 of the elliptical tube 10.
  • the suction opening 7 is completely covered by the laser beam 14.
  • the diameter D1 of the suction opening 7, as stated above, is chosen such that it is smaller than the small semiaxis of the elliptical tube 10, as can be seen from a comparison with Fi * og.- 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional illustration along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2, the separate suction channel 5 with an elliptical cross section being clearly visible here. Due to the arrangement of the suction channel 5 according to the invention, there are no convex surfaces within the suction channel 5 which would favor blockage by the particles 9 by slightly jamming them in the narrow recesses formed by the surfaces of the laser fiber 4 and the cladding tube 2. The arrangement shown in FIG Suction channel 5 and laser fiber 4 in a cladding tube 2 is a less preferred embodiment for this reason.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a working tip 1 of a laser scalpel according to the invention, which is particularly suitable for laser fibers 4 with a larger diameter.
  • the sectional view shows a cladding tube 2, on the inside 3 of which a laser fiber 4 is fastened, the laser fiber 4 being separated from a suction channel 5, which is formed by part of the cladding tube 2, by a wall 16.
  • a cross section of the cladding tube 2 which is the same as the cross section of the cladding tube 2 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a satisfactory suction can still be achieved.
  • the cladding tube 2 is coaxially surrounded by a further tube 17, which forms an additional channel 18 for supplying a filler or a rinsing liquid, which surrounds both the suction channel 5 and the laser fiber 4.
  • the wall of the suction channel 5 carrying the suction opening 7 has a position inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the laser scalpel, with the outward normal n of the wall of the suction channel 5 facing the laser beam 14 and carrying the suction opening 7 the longitudinal central axis of the laser beam 14 includes an angle ⁇ between 30 and 80 ° in the beam direction.
  • the opening of the capsular bag in addition to the lens nucleus fragmentation, the opening of the capsular bag, the so-called capsulorhexis (FIG. 7), can be carried out. This eliminates the need for a special surgical instrument for this purpose.
  • the part of the suction channel 5 projecting beyond the distal end of the laser fiber 4 is preferably roughened on the outside, the grain size being in the range between 20 and 50 ⁇ m, preferably between 25 and 50 ⁇ m.
  • a working tip designed in this way can be used after the complete phacoemulsification for polishing the lens capsule before inserting the intraocular lens.
  • the advantage over conventional laser scalpels is due to the fact that there is no need to change instruments between the two treatment steps, thereby reducing the risk of injury and infection for the patient.
  • the laser scalpel according to the invention is not limited to use in cataract therapy; use of the laser scalpel according to the invention would also be conceivable, for example, in surgical interventions that affect cartilage tissue.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un scalpel laser comportant un dispositif d'aspiration, ce dispositif d'aspiration présente un canal d'aspiration (5) avec une ouverture d'aspiration (7), disposé parallèlement à une fibre laser (4) comportant une extrémité distale (6), et un faisceau laser (14) émerge de l'extrémité distale (6) de la fibre laser (4). Le canal d'aspiration (5) fait saillie avec l'extrémité distale (6) de la fibre laser (4), l'ouverture d'aspiration (7) est pratiquée dans une paroi (12) orientée vers le faisceau laser (14), dans la partie (13) du canal d'aspiration (5) faisant saillie avec l'extrémité distale (6) de la fibre laser (4), et l'ouverture d'aspiration (7) est orientée vers le faisceau laser (14) émergeant de l'extrémité distale (6) de la fibre laser (4), évitant ainsi le bouchage du canal d'aspiration (5).
EP00958035A 1999-08-31 2000-08-30 Scalpel laser Withdrawn EP1207826A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT150099 1999-08-31
AT0150099A AT410055B (de) 1999-08-31 1999-08-31 Laserskalpell
PCT/AT2000/000233 WO2001015641A1 (fr) 1999-08-31 2000-08-30 Scalpel laser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1207826A1 true EP1207826A1 (fr) 2002-05-29

Family

ID=3515158

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00958035A Withdrawn EP1207826A1 (fr) 1999-08-31 2000-08-30 Scalpel laser

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20020128637A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1207826A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT410055B (fr)
WO (1) WO2001015641A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10162166A1 (de) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-18 Friedrich Schiller Uni Jena Bu Verfahren zum Entfernen von Abprodukten, die beim Materialabtrag in transparenten Objekten durch laserinduzierte Plasmabildung entstehen
US8394084B2 (en) 2005-01-10 2013-03-12 Optimedica Corporation Apparatus for patterned plasma-mediated laser trephination of the lens capsule and three dimensional phaco-segmentation
US9232959B2 (en) 2007-01-02 2016-01-12 Aquabeam, Llc Multi fluid tissue resection methods and devices
CN101631522B (zh) 2007-03-13 2014-11-05 眼科医疗公司 用于创建眼睛手术和松弛切口的装置
US20090182315A1 (en) * 2007-12-07 2009-07-16 Ceramoptec Industries Inc. Laser liposuction system and method
WO2009111736A1 (fr) 2008-03-06 2009-09-11 Aquabeam Llc Ablation des tissus et cautérisation avec de l’énergie optique véhiculée dans un courant de fluide
US9848904B2 (en) 2009-03-06 2017-12-26 Procept Biorobotics Corporation Tissue resection and treatment with shedding pulses
WO2016037137A1 (fr) 2014-09-05 2016-03-10 Procept Biorobotics Corporation Résection de tissus commandée par le médecin intégrée au mappage de traitement d'images d'organes cibles
CN104203078B (zh) 2012-02-29 2018-04-20 普罗赛普特生物机器人公司 自动化图像引导的组织切除和处理
EP2956070A4 (fr) 2013-02-14 2016-12-07 Procept Biorobotics Corp Procédés et appareil de chirurgie oculaire aquabeam d'ablation par jet de fluide
BR112016005036A2 (pt) 2013-09-06 2020-04-07 Procept Biorobotics Corp aparelho para ressecção de tecido guiada por imagem automatizada
EP4070744A1 (fr) 2014-06-30 2022-10-12 PROCEPT BioRobotics Corporation Appareil de résection de tissu et de coagulation à froid par jet de fluide (aquablation)
JP6974322B2 (ja) * 2015-12-14 2021-12-01 アルコン インコーポレイティド 単一ポートハイブリッドゲージ手術装置および方法
WO2022130362A1 (fr) * 2020-12-20 2022-06-23 Lumenis Ltd Appareil de morcellation laser

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US5057098A (en) * 1987-05-01 1991-10-15 Ophthalmocare, Inc. Apparatus and method for extracting cataract tissue
US5112328A (en) * 1988-01-25 1992-05-12 Refractive Laser Research & Development Program, Ltd. Method and apparatus for laser surgery
DE3831141A1 (de) * 1988-09-13 1990-03-22 Zeiss Carl Fa Verfahren und vorrichtung zur mikrochirurgie am auge mittels laserstrahlung
WO1991006271A1 (fr) * 1989-10-25 1991-05-16 Jack Murray Dodick Instrument chirurgical avec transducteur de puissance d'entree
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA150099A (de) 2002-06-15
WO2001015641A1 (fr) 2001-03-08
AT410055B (de) 2003-01-27
US20020128637A1 (en) 2002-09-12

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