EP1198674B1 - Method and device for regulating the pressure in a supply line, extending from a centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Method and device for regulating the pressure in a supply line, extending from a centrifugal pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1198674B1
EP1198674B1 EP00958150A EP00958150A EP1198674B1 EP 1198674 B1 EP1198674 B1 EP 1198674B1 EP 00958150 A EP00958150 A EP 00958150A EP 00958150 A EP00958150 A EP 00958150A EP 1198674 B1 EP1198674 B1 EP 1198674B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
throttle
centrifugal pump
feed line
pressure
subspace
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EP00958150A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1198674A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Schilling
Tilman Krieger
Erwin Laurer
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Areva GmbH
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Framatome ANP GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0005—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by using valves
    • F04D15/0022—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by using valves throttling valves or valves varying the pump inlet opening or the outlet opening

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regulating the pressure in a feed line coming from a centrifugal pump, in which is connected to a choke.
  • the invention also relates to a feed line with a device for regulating the Pressure, the feed line from a centrifugal pump is feedable, and being in the feed line Throttle is inserted.
  • centrifugal pump When using a centrifugal pump, a medium in a pressure vessel then the centrifugal pump works on its pump characteristic in the by the current back pressure in the container defined operating point. This leads to the centrifugal pump generates a high delivery rate with low back pressure. This is mostly with an increase in pump drive power connected what corresponding requirements to that Drive unit and to the energy supply of the centrifugal pump provides. There is also a risk of cavitation on the centrifugal pump itself.
  • the pumped with the centrifugal pump Medium can be water or another liquid his.
  • the first solution provides for one in the feed line Install fixed mechanical throttle (passive solution). This limits the performance of the centrifugal pump and it can do not come to cavitation.
  • the centrifugal pump must, however always perform better even with high back pressure than with an arrangement without a throttle.
  • the second variant sees an electrical in the feed line driven and controlled control valve before (active Solution).
  • active Solution stands out the active solution in that at the usual pressure in of the feed line no throttling in the feed line takes place and therefore no increased pump output is necessary, while in the event of a pressure drop in the feed line, the activated Throttle limits pump performance and cavitation prevented.
  • the active solution needs one External energy supply combined with sensors and signal processing.
  • the invention has for its object a method for Controlling the pressure in a centrifugal pump Specify the feed line that does not overdimension the Centrifugal pump, as well as the associated drive unit and Let the energy source become necessary and still without it a throttle device, for the operation of which External energy supply and the processing of electrical Signals belong.
  • One intended to carry out the method Establishment is said to be largely instantaneous Pressure changes react.
  • one should be carried out suitable feed line must be specified.
  • the operating point of the centrifugal pump should be on the pump curve even if there is a pressure drop in the feed line remain unchanged.
  • the object of specifying a method is achieved according to the invention solved that the position of the throttle exclusively is set by means of the outlet pressure of the centrifugal pump, whereby to adjust the throttle position one by one the throttle control piston with limited subspace held by the outlet pressure of the centrifugal pump flowing medium is acted upon by in the subspace a control line opens out in the direction of flow in front of the throttle from the feed line.
  • a complete closing of the feed line can be done by a supplementary measure can be prevented. With that the Advantage achieved that even with incorrect control Medium flow is not completely prevented. With high back pressure a certain flow is always guaranteed. At very Low back pressure in the feed line can increase the delivery rate the centrifugal pump does not exceed a maximum value.
  • the choke has one in the feed line arranged and reducing the cross-section, e.g. a valve plug or a slide plate that mechanically in a part of a control valve with a Control piston is connected, which delimits the subspace.
  • a control line opens between the sub-area Centrifugal pump and the throttle from the feed line.
  • the control piston is on its side facing away from the compartment acted upon by a force. This power can be through a supplied medium, e.g. Compressed air, but also through a mechanical spring be generated.
  • the throttle has a mechanical closing limitation on. This gives the advantage that even at a faulty control system still causes a medium flow the throttle is possible.
  • FIGs 1 to 3 each show one driven by a motor M.
  • Centrifugal pump 1. This is integrated in a feed line 2, from a storage container 3 to one Pressure vessel 4 leads.
  • Pump curves are in the diagrams 5, 7, 8 and system characteristics 12a, b, 13a, b as relations between the pressure P in the feed line 2, in the direction of flow seen behind the centrifugal pump 1, and the volume flow Q represented by the centrifugal pump 1.
  • the operating point the centrifugal pump 1 is an intersection of pump characteristics 5, 8 and system characteristics 12a, b, 13a, b.
  • the known device shown in Figure 1 contains an invariable throttle 6, which is behind in the direction of flow the centrifugal pump 1 is integrated into the feed line 2 is. Because of the throttle 6, one obtains instead of the pump characteristic 7 (without throttle 6) the one running at lower pressure P. Pump curve 8.
  • the operating point of the centrifugal pump 1 is the intersection of the system characteristic 12a or 13a and the pump characteristic 8. It gives a volume flow Q1 high pressure P1 or a larger volume flow Q2 at low Pressure P2. Even without throttle 6 would be high Pressure P1 is an acceptable volume flow (Q value of the intersection from system characteristic curve 12a and pump characteristic curve 7). At low pressure P2, however, a suitable, not too large volume flow Q2 and thus a cavitation-free Operation of the centrifugal pump 1 only if because of Throttle 6, the pump characteristic 8 instead of the pump characteristic 7 is relevant.
  • the disadvantage of this embodiment is that the Centrifugal pump 1 oversized in accordance with pump characteristic curve 7 to be P1 at high back pressure and when present the throttle 6 still has a suitable volume flow To achieve Q1.
  • the throttle 6 is necessary to low back pressure P2 to limit the volume flow Q2 that there is no risk of cavitation on the centrifugal pump 1 can. So there must be a centrifugal pump 1 and an associated one Motor M with very high power are available.
  • the facilities for energy supply must also be appropriate be dimensioned.
  • the performance of the centrifugal pump 1 to be dimensioned according to the pump characteristic curve 7 is the effective pump power available with the known only through the one running at lower pressure P.
  • Pump characteristic curve 8 represents.
  • FIG. 2 shows another known device with the cavitation should be avoided in the centrifugal pump 1.
  • This is in the feed line 2 in the flow direction behind the centrifugal pump 1 an actively controllable throttle 9 is arranged.
  • Choke 9 includes an actuator 10, the external energy required, as well as a pressure sensor 11 with evaluation unit.
  • This known device is expensive in terms of equipment.
  • the regulation the throttle 9 can be such that with one sufficient high back pressure P1, which does not fear cavitation, the system characteristic curve 12b largely unchanged from one Characteristic curve runs without throttle 9.
  • the device according to the invention shown in Figure 3 enables the same system characteristics 12b, 13b as the establishment of Figure 2. Also the operating point of the centrifugal pump 1 on the pump curve 5 is the same. To this To achieve the goal of operating the centrifugal pump 1 without Cavitation is permitted, but is not a complex regulation a choke 9 required.
  • the throttle 14, according to the Invention takes the place of throttle 9 from FIG. 2, Rather, it is characterized by the fact that the pressure in the Centrifugal pump 1 only through the one pumped by centrifugal pump 1 Medium without an external energy source and without control signals is regulated passively. The performance of the centrifugal pump 1 is designed for the high pressure P1 in the fed line.
  • FIG 4 shows the centrifugal pump 1 and the throttle 14 in the Infeed line 2.
  • the cross section of the infeed line 2 changing closure part 15 of the throttle 14, which in the Usually a slide is mechanical, e.g. over a Rod, with a control piston 16 in a control valve 17th connected.
  • a counterforce on the control piston 16 on its opposite side is in the control valve 17 by a mechanical spring 20th generated.
  • the spring 20 is on the housing of the control valve 17 and supported on the control piston 16.
  • centrifugal pump 1 instead of the centrifugal pump 1, another suitable one can be used Kick the pump.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for regulating the pressure in a supply line (2) extending from a centrifugal pump (1). The invention also relates to a device for regulating the pressure, in which a restrictor (14) is inserted into the supply line (2). The invention aims to regulate the pressure, using the medium which is conveyed by the centrifugal pump (1), without an external energy source and control signals. To this end, a restrictor (14) is provided. Said restrictor can have a control armature (17) which is connected to the supply line (2) via a control line (18).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Regeln des Drucks in einer von einer Kreiselpumpe ausgehenden Einspeiseleitung, in die eine Drossel geschaltet ist. Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Einspeiseleitung mit einer Einrichtung zum Regeln des Drucks, wobei die Einspeiseleitung von einer Kreiselpumpe aus bespeisbar ist, und wobei in die Einspeiseleitung eine Drossel eingefügt ist.The invention relates to a method for regulating the pressure in a feed line coming from a centrifugal pump, in which is connected to a choke. The invention also relates to a feed line with a device for regulating the Pressure, the feed line from a centrifugal pump is feedable, and being in the feed line Throttle is inserted.

Wenn mit einer Kreiselpumpe ein Medium in einen Druckbehälter gefördert wird, dann arbeitet die Kreiselpumpe auf ihrer Pumpenkennlinie in dem durch den aktuellen Gegendruck im Behälter definierten Betriebspunkt. Das führt dazu, dass die Kreiselpumpe bei geringem Gegendruck eine hohe Förderrate erzeugt. Diese ist meist mit einer Erhöhung der Pumpenantriebsleistung verbunden, was entsprechende Anforderungen an das Antriebsaggregat und an die Energieversorgung der Kreiselpumpe stellt. Darüber hinaus besteht die Gefahr von Kavitation an der Kreiselpumpe selbst. Das mit der Kreiselpumpe geförderte Medium kann Wasser oder eine andere Flüssigkeit sein.When using a centrifugal pump, a medium in a pressure vessel then the centrifugal pump works on its pump characteristic in the by the current back pressure in the container defined operating point. This leads to the centrifugal pump generates a high delivery rate with low back pressure. This is mostly with an increase in pump drive power connected what corresponding requirements to that Drive unit and to the energy supply of the centrifugal pump provides. There is also a risk of cavitation on the centrifugal pump itself. The pumped with the centrifugal pump Medium can be water or another liquid his.

Damit man auch bei einem Druckabfall ohne ein entsprechend dimensioniertes Antriebsaggregat für die Kreiselpumpe auskommt und die Gefahr der Kavitation ausgeschlossen ist, wurden bisher alternativ zwei Maßnahmen ergriffen.So that even with a pressure drop without a corresponding dimensioned drive unit for the centrifugal pump and the risk of cavitation has been ruled out So far, two alternative measures have been taken.

Die erste Lösung sieht vor, in die Einspeiseleitung eine feststehende mechanische Drossel einzubauen (passive Lösung). Damit wird die Leistung der Kreiselpumpe begrenzt und es kann nicht zur Kavitation kommen. Die Kreiselpumpe muss jedoch ständig auch bei hohem Gegendruck eine höhere Leistung erbringen als bei einer Anordnung ohne Drossel.The first solution provides for one in the feed line Install fixed mechanical throttle (passive solution). This limits the performance of the centrifugal pump and it can do not come to cavitation. The centrifugal pump must, however always perform better even with high back pressure than with an arrangement without a throttle.

Die zweite Variante sieht in der Einspeiseleitung ein elektrisch angetriebenes und angesteuertes Regelventil vor (aktive Lösung). Im Vergleich zur passiven Lösung zeichnet sich die aktive Lösung dadurch aus, dass beim üblichen Druck in der Einspeiseleitung keine Drosselung in der Einspeiseleitung erfolgt und daher keine erhöhte Pumpenleistung notwendig ist, während bei einem Druckabfall in der Einspeiseleitung die aktivierte Drossel die Pumpenleistung begrenzt und die Kavitation verhindert. Die aktive Lösung benötigt dazu aber eine Fremdenergieversorgung kombiniert mit Sensorik und Signalverarbeitung.The second variant sees an electrical in the feed line driven and controlled control valve before (active Solution). Compared to the passive solution stands out the active solution in that at the usual pressure in of the feed line no throttling in the feed line takes place and therefore no increased pump output is necessary, while in the event of a pressure drop in the feed line, the activated Throttle limits pump performance and cavitation prevented. But the active solution needs one External energy supply combined with sensors and signal processing.

Aus der GB 346,968 ist ein Konzept zur Einstellung eines Drucks in einer von einer Kreiselpumpe ausgehenden Leitung bekannt, bei dem ein mit einer in der Leitung angeordneten Drosselklappe zusammenwirkender Stellkolben mit dem Druck des Strömungsmediums beaufschlagt werden kann. Dabei wird somit der Ausgangsdruck der Kreiselpumpe zur Einstellung der Drossel herangezogen. Allerdings ist bei diesem System eine Feinjustierung der Stelleigenschaften nicht vorgesehen, so dass für eine hohe Stellgenauigkeit nach wie vor externe Ansteuerungen erforderlich sind.From GB 346,968 is a concept for setting a Pressure in a line coming from a centrifugal pump known, in which one with a arranged in the line Throttle valve interacting with the pressure of the Flow medium can be applied. Thereby the outlet pressure of the centrifugal pump to adjust the throttle used. However, this system is a fine adjustment of the control properties not provided, so that External controls are still used for high positioning accuracy required are.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Regeln des Drucks in einer von einer Kreiselpumpe, ausgehenden Einspeiseleitung anzugeben, die keine Überdimensionierung der Kreiselpumpe, sowie der dazugehörigen Antriebseinheit und der Energiequelle erforderlich werden lassen und trotzdem ohne eine Drosseleinrichtung auskommen, zu deren Betrieb eine Fremdenergieversorgung und das Verarbeiten elektrischer Signale gehören. Eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens vorgesehene Einrichtung soll weitgehend verzögerungsfrei auf Druckänderungen reagieren. Zudem soll eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Einspeiseleitung angegeben werden. The invention has for its object a method for Controlling the pressure in a centrifugal pump Specify the feed line that does not overdimension the Centrifugal pump, as well as the associated drive unit and Let the energy source become necessary and still without it a throttle device, for the operation of which External energy supply and the processing of electrical Signals belong. One intended to carry out the method Establishment is said to be largely instantaneous Pressure changes react. In addition, one should be carried out suitable feed line must be specified.

Der Betriebspunkt der Kreiselpumpe soll auf der Pumpenkennlinie auch bei einem Druckabfall in der Einspeiseleitung möglichst unverändert bleiben.The operating point of the centrifugal pump should be on the pump curve even if there is a pressure drop in the feed line remain unchanged.

Die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren anzugeben, wird nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass die Stellung der Drossel ausschließlich mittels des Ausgangsdrucks der Kreiselpumpe eingestellt wird, wobei zur Einstellung der Drosselstellung ein durch einen auf die Drossel wirkenden Steuerkolben begrenzter Teilraum mit unter dem Ausgangsdruck der Kreiselpumpe gehaltenem, von dieser abströmendem Medium beaufschlagt wird, indem in den Teilraum eine Steuerleitung einmündet, die in Strömungsrichtung vor der Drossel von der Einspeiseleitung ausgeht. Damit wird der Vorteil erzielt, dass der apparative Aufwand gegenüber der aktiven Lösung minimiert ist, aber die Vorteile der aktiven Lösung gegenüber der passiven Lösung erhalten bleiben. Es muss keine leistungsstarke Kreiselpumpe nur wegen eines möglichen Druckabfalls in der Einspeiseleitung bereitgehalten werden. Trotzdem kann es nicht zu einer Kavitation kommen.The object of specifying a method is achieved according to the invention solved that the position of the throttle exclusively is set by means of the outlet pressure of the centrifugal pump, whereby to adjust the throttle position one by one the throttle control piston with limited subspace held by the outlet pressure of the centrifugal pump flowing medium is acted upon by in the subspace a control line opens out in the direction of flow in front of the throttle from the feed line. So that will The advantage achieved is that the equipment outlay the active solution is minimized, but the benefits of the active Solution compared to the passive solution are retained. It doesn't need a powerful centrifugal pump just because of one possible Pressure drop in the feed line become. Nevertheless, cavitation cannot occur.

Ein vollständiges Schließen der Einspeiseleitung kann durch eine ergänzende Maßnahme verhindert werden. Damit wird der Vorteil erzielt, dass selbst bei fehlerhafter Regelung der Mediumstrom nicht ganz unterbunden wird. Bei hohem Gegendruck ist stets ein gewisser Förderstrom gewährleistet. Bei sehr niedrigem Gegendruck in der Einspeiseleitung kann die Förderleistung der Kreiselpumpe einen Maximalwert nicht übersteigen.A complete closing of the feed line can be done by a supplementary measure can be prevented. With that the Advantage achieved that even with incorrect control Medium flow is not completely prevented. With high back pressure a certain flow is always guaranteed. At very Low back pressure in the feed line can increase the delivery rate the centrifugal pump does not exceed a maximum value.

Die Aufgabe, eine mit einer geeigneten Einrichtung versehene Einspeiseleitung anzugeben, wird nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass die Drossel ein in der Einspeiseleitung angeordnetes und deren Querschnitt verkleinerndes Verschlussteil hat, das mechanisch in einem Teilraum einer Steuerarmatur mit einem Steuerkolben verbunden ist, der den Teilraum begrenzt, wobei in den Teilraum eine Steuerleitung einmündet, die in Strömungsrichtung vor der Drossel von der Einspeiseleitung ausgeht, und wobei der Steuerkolben an seiner vom Teilraum abgewandten Seite von einer Kraft beaufschlagt ist.The task of having a suitable facility Specifying the feed line, according to the invention solved that the throttle is arranged in the feed line and its cross-section-reducing closure part has that mechanically in a part of a control valve is connected to a control piston that delimits the subspace, wherein a control line opens into the subspace, which in Flow direction upstream of the throttle from the feed line goes out, and with the control piston on its from the subspace facing away from a force.

Mit dem Einsatz einer solchen Drossel wird die Zuverlässigkeit der Einrichtung gesteigert bei gleichzeitiger Minimierung des Aufwandes, insbesondere gegenüber der aktiven Lösung. Die Vorteile der aktiven Lösung bleiben jedoch erhalten. Man benötigt weder eine überdimensionierte Kreiselpumpe oder ein überdimensioniertes Antriebsaggregat, noch eine aufwendige Drossel, die mit einer externen Energieversorgung und mit einer elektronischen Regeleinrichtung ausgerüstet sein muss. Trotzdem kann es nicht zu einer Kavitation in der Kreiselpumpe kommen. Die hydraulische Regelung mittels Eigenmedium ermöglicht darüber hinaus eine vorteilhafte, fast verzögerungsfreie Reaktion der Armatur.With the use of such a choke, reliability becomes the facility increased while minimizing the effort, especially compared to the active solution. However, the advantages of the active solution remain. You don't need an oversized centrifugal pump or an oversized drive unit, yet a complex one Choke with an external power supply and be equipped with an electronic control device got to. Nevertheless, there can be no cavitation in the centrifugal pump come. Hydraulic control using your own medium also enables an advantageous, almost instantaneous Valve reaction.

Beispielsweise hat die Drossel ein in der Einspeiseleitung angeordnetes und den Querschnitt verkleinerndes Verschlussteil, z.B. einen Ventilkegel oder eine Schieberplatte, das mechanisch in einem Teilraum einer Steuerarmatur mit einem Steuerkolben verbunden ist, der den Teilraum begrenzt. In den Teilraum mündet eine Steuerleitung ein, die zwischen der Kreiselpumpe und der Drossel von der Einspeiseleitung ausgeht. An seiner vom Teilraum abgewandten Seite ist der Steuerkolben von einer Kraft beaufschlagt. Diese Kraft kann durch ein zugeführtes Medium, z.B. Druckluft, aber auch durch eine mechanische Feder erzeugt sein.For example, the choke has one in the feed line arranged and reducing the cross-section, e.g. a valve plug or a slide plate that mechanically in a part of a control valve with a Control piston is connected, which delimits the subspace. In the A control line opens between the sub-area Centrifugal pump and the throttle from the feed line. The control piston is on its side facing away from the compartment acted upon by a force. This power can be through a supplied medium, e.g. Compressed air, but also through a mechanical spring be generated.

Je höher der Druck in der Einspeiseleitung ist, um so höher ist auch der Druck im Teilraum der Steuerarmatur unterhalb des Steuerkolbens. Der Steuerkolben wird dann gegen die Kraft, die von der gegenüberliegenden Seite auf ihn wirkt, angehoben, wodurch die Drossel weiter öffnet. Bei einem Absinken des Drucks in der Einspeiseleitung überwiegt wieder die in Richtung auf die Drossel wirkende Kraft auf den Steuerkolben und die Drossel wird in Richtung der Schließstellung bewegt.The higher the pressure in the feed line, the higher is also the pressure in the subspace of the control valve below of the control piston. The control piston is then against the Force acting on him from the opposite side raised, causing the throttle to open further. When it drops the pressure in the feed line predominates again the force acting on the control piston in the direction of the throttle and the throttle will move towards the closed position emotional.

Man kommt vorteilhafter Weise ohne eine externe Energieversorgung für die Steuerarmatur und ohne eine aufwendige elektronische Regelung aus.One advantageously comes without an external energy supply for the control valve and without a complex electronic Control off.

Beispielsweise weist die Drossel eine mechanische Schließbegrenzung auf. Damit wird der Vorteil erzielt, dass selbst bei einer fehlerhaften Regelung stets noch ein Mediumstrom durch die Drossel möglich ist.For example, the throttle has a mechanical closing limitation on. This gives the advantage that even at a faulty control system still causes a medium flow the throttle is possible.

Das Verfahren und die Einrichtung nach der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert:

  • FIG 1 zeigt eine bekannte Einrichtung zum Begrenzen eines Drucks (passive Lösung) und dazugehörige Kennlinien,
  • FIG 2 zeigt eine andere bekannte Einrichtung zum Regeln eines Drucks (aktive Lösung) und dazugehörige Kennlinien,
  • FIG 3 zeigt die Einrichtung nach der Erfindung und dazugehörige Kennlinien,
  • FIG 4 zeigt als Ausschnitt aus der Figur 3 die wesentlichen Bestandteile der Einrichtung nach der Erfindung.
    • The method and the device according to the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing:
  • 1 shows a known device for limiting a pressure (passive solution) and associated characteristic curves,
  • 2 shows another known device for regulating a pressure (active solution) and associated characteristic curves,
  • 3 shows the device according to the invention and associated characteristics,
  • FIG. 4 shows, as a detail from FIG. 3, the essential components of the device according to the invention.

    • Die Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigen jeweils eine mit einem Motor M angetriebene Kreiselpumpe 1. Diese ist eingebunden in eine Einspeiseleitung 2, die von einem Vorratsbehälter 3 zu einem Druckbehälter 4 führt. In den Diagrammen sind Pumpenkennlinien 5, 7, 8 und Anlagenkennlinien 12a,b, 13a,b als Relationen zwischen dem Druck P in der Einspeiseleitung 2, in Strömungsrichtung gesehen hinter der Kreiselpumpe 1, und dem Volumenstrom Q durch die Kreiselpumpe 1 dargestellt. Der Betriebspunkt der Kreiselpumpe 1 ist ein Schnittpunkt von Pumpenkennlinien 5, 8 und Anlagenkennlinien 12a,b, 13a,b.Figures 1 to 3 each show one driven by a motor M. Centrifugal pump 1. This is integrated in a feed line 2, from a storage container 3 to one Pressure vessel 4 leads. Pump curves are in the diagrams 5, 7, 8 and system characteristics 12a, b, 13a, b as relations between the pressure P in the feed line 2, in the direction of flow seen behind the centrifugal pump 1, and the volume flow Q represented by the centrifugal pump 1. The operating point the centrifugal pump 1 is an intersection of pump characteristics 5, 8 and system characteristics 12a, b, 13a, b.

    Die bekannte Einrichtung, die in Figur 1 gezeigt ist, enthält eine unveränderliche Drossel 6, die in Strömungsrichtung hinter der Kreiselpumpe 1 in die Einspeiseleitung 2 eingebunden ist. Aufgrund der Drossel 6 erhält man statt der Pumpenkennlinie 7 (ohne Drossel 6) die bei niedrigerem Druck P verlaufende Pumpenkennlinie 8. Der Betriebspunkt der Kreiselpumpe 1 ist der Schnittpunkt der Anlagenkennlinie 12a bzw. 13a und der Pumpenkennlinie 8. Er ergibt einen Volumenstrom Q1 bei hohem Druck P1 bzw. einen größeren Volumenstrom Q2 bei niedrigem Druck P2. Auch ohne Drossel 6 würde sich bei hohem Druck P1 ein akzeptabler Volumenstrom (Q-Wert des Schnittpunktes von Anlagenkennlinie 12a und Pumpenkennlinie 7) ergeben. Bei niedrigem Druck P2 erzielt man jedoch einen geeigneten, nicht zu großen Volumenstrom Q2 und damit einen kavitationsfreien Betrieb der Kreiselpumpe 1 nur, wenn wegen der Drossel 6 die Pumpenkennlinie 8 statt der Pumpenkennlinie 7 relevant ist.The known device shown in Figure 1 contains an invariable throttle 6, which is behind in the direction of flow the centrifugal pump 1 is integrated into the feed line 2 is. Because of the throttle 6, one obtains instead of the pump characteristic 7 (without throttle 6) the one running at lower pressure P. Pump curve 8. The operating point of the centrifugal pump 1 is the intersection of the system characteristic 12a or 13a and the pump characteristic 8. It gives a volume flow Q1 high pressure P1 or a larger volume flow Q2 at low Pressure P2. Even without throttle 6 would be high Pressure P1 is an acceptable volume flow (Q value of the intersection from system characteristic curve 12a and pump characteristic curve 7). At low pressure P2, however, a suitable, not too large volume flow Q2 and thus a cavitation-free Operation of the centrifugal pump 1 only if because of Throttle 6, the pump characteristic 8 instead of the pump characteristic 7 is relevant.

    Der Nachteil dieser Ausführungsform liegt darin, dass die Kreiselpumpe 1 entsprechend der Pumpenkennlinie 7 überdimensioniert werden muss, um bei hohem Gegendruck P1 und bei Vorhandensein der Drossel 6 überhaupt noch einen geeigneten Volumenstrom Q1 zu erzielen. Die Drossel 6 ist nötig, um bei niedrigem Gegendruck P2 den Volumenstrom Q2 so zu begrenzen, dass keine Kavitationsgefahr an der Kreiselpumpe 1 entstehen kann. Es müssen also eine Kreiselpumpe 1 und ein dazugehöriger Motor M mit sehr hoher Leistung bereitgehalten werden. Auch die Einrichtungen zur Energieversorgung müssen entsprechend dimensioniert sein. Obwohl die Leistung der Kreiselpumpe 1 entsprechend der Pumpenkennlinie 7 zu dimensionieren ist, ist die effektiv zur Verfügung stehende Pumpenleistung beim Bekannten nur durch die bei niedrigerem Druck P verlaufende Pumpenkennlinie 8 repräsentiert.The disadvantage of this embodiment is that the Centrifugal pump 1 oversized in accordance with pump characteristic curve 7 to be P1 at high back pressure and when present the throttle 6 still has a suitable volume flow To achieve Q1. The throttle 6 is necessary to low back pressure P2 to limit the volume flow Q2 that there is no risk of cavitation on the centrifugal pump 1 can. So there must be a centrifugal pump 1 and an associated one Motor M with very high power are available. The facilities for energy supply must also be appropriate be dimensioned. Although the performance of the centrifugal pump 1 to be dimensioned according to the pump characteristic curve 7 is the effective pump power available with the known only through the one running at lower pressure P. Pump characteristic curve 8 represents.

    Figur 2 zeigt eine andere bekannte Einrichtung, mit der Kavitation in der Kreiselpumpe 1 zu vermeiden ist. Hierzu ist in der Einspeiseleitung 2 in Strömungsrichtung hinter der Kreiselpumpe 1 eine aktiv regelbare Drossel 9 angeordnet. Zu dieser Drossel 9 gehören ein Stellmotor 10, der externe Energie benötigt, sowie ein Drucksensor 11 mit Auswerteeinheit. Diese bekannte Einrichtung ist apparativ aufwendig. Die Regelung der Drossel 9 kann so erfolgen, dass bei einem ausreichend hohen Gegendruck P1, der keine Kavitation befürchten läßt, die Anlagenkennlinie 12b weitgehend unverändert gegenüber einer Kennlinie ohne Drossel 9 verläuft. Wenn jedoch der Gegendruck auf einen niedrigen Wert P2 abfällt, wird die Drossel 9 aktiviert und soweit verschlossen, dass sich eine neue Anlagenkennlinie 13b ergibt, die den Betriebspunkt der Kreiselpumpe 1 auf der Pumpenkennlinie 5 als Schnittpunkt beim gleichen Volumenstrom Q1/Q2 wie die Anlagenkennlinie 12b ohne Drossel 9 definiert.Figure 2 shows another known device with the cavitation should be avoided in the centrifugal pump 1. This is in the feed line 2 in the flow direction behind the centrifugal pump 1 an actively controllable throttle 9 is arranged. To this Choke 9 includes an actuator 10, the external energy required, as well as a pressure sensor 11 with evaluation unit. This known device is expensive in terms of equipment. The regulation the throttle 9 can be such that with one sufficient high back pressure P1, which does not fear cavitation, the system characteristic curve 12b largely unchanged from one Characteristic curve runs without throttle 9. However, if the back pressure drops to a low value P2, the throttle 9 activated and closed to the extent that there is a new system characteristic 13b gives the operating point of the centrifugal pump 1 on the pump curve 5 as the intersection at the same Volume flow Q1 / Q2 as the system characteristic curve 12b without Throttle 9 defined.

    Die Einrichtung nach der Erfindung, die in Figur 3 gezeigt ist, ermöglicht die gleichen Anlagenkennlinien 12b, 13b wie die Einrichtung der Figur 2. Auch der Betriebspunkt der Kreiselpumpe 1 auf der Pumpenkennlinie 5 ist gleich. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, das einen Betrieb der Kreiselpumpe 1 ohne Kavitation gestattet, ist jedoch keine aufwendige Regelung einer Drossel 9 erforderlich. Die Drossel 14, die nach der Erfindung an die Stelle der Drossel 9 aus Figur 2 tritt, zeichnet sich vielmehr dadurch aus, dass der Druck in der Kreiselpumpe 1 nur durch das mit der Kreiselpumpe 1 geförderte Medium ohne externe Energiequelle und ohne Steuersignale passiv geregelt wird. Die Leistung der Kreiselpumpe 1 ist für den hohen Druck P1 in der bespeisten Leitung ausgelegt. Falls der Druck in der bespeisten Leitung abfällt, käme es der Pumpenkennlinie 5 folgend bei einer nur verschobenen Anlagenkennlinie 12b zu einem Anstieg des Volumenstroms Q in der Einspeiseleitung 2 und damit auch zu einem Anstieg der Förderleistung der Kreiselpumpe 1. Das könnte zur Kavitation an der Kreiselpumpe 1, wie auch zur erhöhten Leistungsaufnahme am Antriebsaggregat führen. Damit bei einem niedrigeren Gegendruck P2 die Kreiselpumpe 1 den gleichen Volumenstrom Q1/Q2 wie bei dem höheren Gegendruck P1 erzeugt, ist in der Einspeiseleitung 2 die passiv regelbare Drossel 14 eingefügt. Diese variable Drossel 14 kommt ohne externe Energieversorgung, ohne Drucksensor und ohne Auswerteeinheit aus.The device according to the invention shown in Figure 3 enables the same system characteristics 12b, 13b as the establishment of Figure 2. Also the operating point of the centrifugal pump 1 on the pump curve 5 is the same. To this To achieve the goal of operating the centrifugal pump 1 without Cavitation is permitted, but is not a complex regulation a choke 9 required. The throttle 14, according to the Invention takes the place of throttle 9 from FIG. 2, Rather, it is characterized by the fact that the pressure in the Centrifugal pump 1 only through the one pumped by centrifugal pump 1 Medium without an external energy source and without control signals is regulated passively. The performance of the centrifugal pump 1 is designed for the high pressure P1 in the fed line. If the pressure in the fed line drops, there would be it follows the pump curve 5 with a shifted System characteristic curve 12b for an increase in the volume flow Q in the feed line 2 and thus also to an increase in Delivery capacity of the centrifugal pump 1. This could lead to cavitation on the centrifugal pump 1, as well as for increased power consumption on the drive unit. So with a lower one Back pressure P2 the centrifugal pump 1 the same volume flow Q1 / Q2 as generated at the higher back pressure P1 is in the Feed line 2, the passively controllable throttle 14 inserted. This variable choke 14 comes without an external energy supply, without pressure sensor and without evaluation unit.

    Außer hinsichtlich der Drosseln 6, 9, 14, stimmen die Einrichtungen nach den Figuren 1, 2 und 3 überein.Except for the chokes 6, 9, 14, the facilities are correct according to Figures 1, 2 and 3.

    Der Aufbau der Drossel 14 nach der Erfindung, sowie ihre Funktionsweise werden im folgenden anhand der Figur 4 erläutert, die ein Ausschnitt aus der Figur 3 ist.The structure of the throttle 14 according to the invention, as well as its Operation is explained below with reference to Figure 4, which is a section of Figure 3.

    Figur 4 zeigt die Kreiselpumpe 1 und die Drossel 14 in der Einspeiseleitung 2. Ein den Querschnitt der Einspeiseleitung 2 veränderndes Verschlussteil 15 der Drossel 14, das in der Regel ein Schieber ist, ist mechanisch, z.B. über eine Stange, mit einem Steuerkolben 16 in einer Steuerarmatur 17 verbunden. Eine Steuerleitung 18, die von der Einspeiseleitung 2 in Strömungsrichtung hinter der Kreiselpumpe 1 und vor der Drossel 14 ausgeht, mündet in die Steuerarmatur 17, und zwar in deren Teilraum 19, der durch den Steuerkolben 16 begrenzt dem Verschlussteil 15 zugewandt ist. Eine Gegenkraft auf den Steuerkolben 16 an seiner gegenüberliegenden Seite wird in der Steuerarmatur 17 durch eine mechanische Feder 20 erzeugt. Die Feder 20 ist am Gehäuse der Steuerarmatur 17 und am Steuerkolben 16 abgestützt.Figure 4 shows the centrifugal pump 1 and the throttle 14 in the Infeed line 2. The cross section of the infeed line 2 changing closure part 15 of the throttle 14, which in the Usually a slide is mechanical, e.g. over a Rod, with a control piston 16 in a control valve 17th connected. A control line 18 from the feed line 2 in the flow direction behind the centrifugal pump 1 and in front the throttle 14 goes out, opens into the control valve 17, and in their subspace 19, which is delimited by the control piston 16 the closure part 15 faces. A counterforce on the control piston 16 on its opposite side is in the control valve 17 by a mechanical spring 20th generated. The spring 20 is on the housing of the control valve 17 and supported on the control piston 16.

    Wenn der Druck in der Einspeiseleitung 2 absinkt, wird der Steuerkolben 16 durch die Feder 20 nach unten bewegt und das Verschlussteil 15 verringert den Strömungsquerschnitt der Drossel 14. Es kann dann, da der Druck in der Kreiselpumpe 1 nicht stark absinkt, nicht zu einer überhöhten Antriebsleistung der Kreiselpumpe 1 und auch nicht zur Kavitation kommen. Sobald der Druck in der Einspeiseleitung 2 wieder ansteigt, wird der Steuerkolben 16 gegen die Kraft der Feder 20 angehoben und der Drosselquerschnitt vergrößert sich. Es braucht also keine Kreiselpumpe bereitgehalten zu werden, deren Leistung auch bei einem in der Regel relativ hohen Druck in der Einspeiseleitung 2 einen engen Drosselquerschnitt überwinden muss.If the pressure in the feed line 2 drops, the Control piston 16 moved down by the spring 20 and that Closure part 15 reduces the flow cross section of the Throttle 14. It can then, because the pressure in the centrifugal pump 1 does not drop sharply, does not lead to excessive drive power the centrifugal pump 1 and also do not come to cavitation. As soon as the pressure in the feed line 2 rises again, the control piston 16 is raised against the force of the spring 20 and the throttle cross section increases. It takes so no centrifugal pump to be kept ready, its performance even at a generally relatively high pressure in the Overcoming feed line 2 a narrow throttle cross section got to.

    Damit die Drossel 14 auch bei einem sehr geringen Druck in der Einspeiseleitung 2 nicht fehlerhaft gänzlich schließen kann, wodurch sie eine Einspeisung unmöglich machen würde, ist die Drossel 14 mit einer mechanischen Schließbegrenzung 21 ausgestattet, die das Verschlussteil 15 aufnimmt und ein völliges Schließen der Drossel 14 verhindert, da zwischen der Schließbegrenzung 21 und der Wand der Drossel 14 stets ein, wenn auch geringer, Drosselquerschnitt offen bleibt.So that the throttle 14 in even at a very low pressure Do not completely close the feed line 2 incorrectly can, which would make feed-in impossible, is the throttle 14 with a mechanical closing limitation 21 equipped, which receives the closure part 15 and a complete closure of the throttle 14 prevented because between the Closing limit 21 and the wall of the throttle 14 always one, if smaller, throttle cross section remains open.

    Mit dem Verfahren und mit der Einrichtung nach der Erfindung wird eine Beschädigung der Kreiselpumpe 1 infolge-eines Druckabfalls in der Einspeiseleitung 2 und möglicherweise nachfolgender Kavitation verhindert, ohne dass eine unnötig leistungsstärkere Kreiselpumpe mit entsprechend dimensioniertem Antriebsaggregat eingesetzt werden müßte und auch ohne aufwendige elektrische/elektronische Regeleinrichtungen.With the method and with the device according to the invention damage to the centrifugal pump 1 as a result of one Pressure drop in the feed line 2 and possibly subsequent cavitation is prevented without being unnecessary More powerful centrifugal pump with appropriately dimensioned Drive unit should be used and also without elaborate electrical / electronic control devices.

    An die Stelle der Kreiselpumpe 1 kann auch eine andere geeignete Pumpe treten.Instead of the centrifugal pump 1, another suitable one can be used Kick the pump.

    Claims (4)

    1. Method for regulating the pressure in a feed line (2) emanating from a centrifugal pump (1), a throttle (14) being connected into the said feed line, in which method the position of the throttle (14) is set solely by means of the outlet pressure of the centrifugal pump (1), characterized in that, to set the throttle position, a subspace (19) limited by a control piston (16) acting on the throttle (14) is acted upon by a medium which is maintained under the outlet pressure of the centrifugal pump (1) and flows out of the latter, in that the subspace (19) has issuing into it a control line (18) which emanates from the feed line (2) upstream of the throttle (14) in the direction of flow.
    2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that a complete closing of the feed line (2) is prevented.
    3. Feed line (2), with a device for regulating the pressure, the feed line being capable of being fed from a centrifugal pump (1), the feed line having inserted into it a throttle (14) which has a closing part (15) arranged in the feed line (2) and reducing the cross section of the latter, characterized in that the closing part (15) is connected mechanically, in a subspace (19) of a control fitting (17), to a control piston (16) which limits the subspace (19), in that a subspace (19) has issuing into it a control line (18) which emanates from the feed line (2) upstream of the throttle (14) in the direction of flow, and in that the control piston (16) is acted upon by a force on its side facing away from the subspace (19).
    4. Device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the throttle (14) has a mechanical closing limitation (21).
    EP00958150A 1999-07-22 2000-07-18 Method and device for regulating the pressure in a supply line, extending from a centrifugal pump Expired - Lifetime EP1198674B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19934564 1999-07-22
    DE19934564 1999-07-22
    PCT/DE2000/002332 WO2001007790A1 (en) 1999-07-22 2000-07-18 Method and device for regulating the pressure in a supply line, extending from a centrifugal pump

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1198674A1 EP1198674A1 (en) 2002-04-24
    EP1198674B1 true EP1198674B1 (en) 2003-10-08

    Family

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP00958150A Expired - Lifetime EP1198674B1 (en) 1999-07-22 2000-07-18 Method and device for regulating the pressure in a supply line, extending from a centrifugal pump

    Country Status (5)

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    EP (1) EP1198674B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE251720T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE50004011D1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2206295T3 (en)
    WO (1) WO2001007790A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    GB0809504D0 (en) * 2008-05-27 2008-07-02 Weir Minerals Europ Ltd Pump system
    DE202015106097U1 (en) * 2015-11-11 2016-02-01 Holger Blum Conveyor for a vacuum distillation plant
    DE102020129027A1 (en) * 2020-11-04 2022-05-05 KSB SE & Co. KGaA Sewage pump and method of operating a sewage pump

    Family Cites Families (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    GB346968A (en) * 1930-03-28 1931-04-23 Holden & Brooke Ltd Improvements relating to the regulation of centrifugal pumps
    DE571942C (en) * 1930-12-31 1933-03-07 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Regulator
    DE879046C (en) * 1951-09-23 1953-06-08 Bopp & Reuther Gmbh Pressure regulator
    JPS5469804A (en) * 1977-11-16 1979-06-05 Hitachi Ltd Pump system with automatic flow control valve

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    WO2001007790A1 (en) 2001-02-01
    DE50004011D1 (en) 2003-11-13
    EP1198674A1 (en) 2002-04-24
    ATE251720T1 (en) 2003-10-15
    ES2206295T3 (en) 2004-05-16

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