EP1192404A1 - Dispositif de protection d'une paroi - Google Patents
Dispositif de protection d'une paroiInfo
- Publication number
- EP1192404A1 EP1192404A1 EP01907742A EP01907742A EP1192404A1 EP 1192404 A1 EP1192404 A1 EP 1192404A1 EP 01907742 A EP01907742 A EP 01907742A EP 01907742 A EP01907742 A EP 01907742A EP 1192404 A1 EP1192404 A1 EP 1192404A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- protection device
- bar
- support
- active protection
- bars
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/007—Reactive armour; Dynamic armour
Definitions
- the technical field of the invention is that of devices making it possible to protect a vehicle wall against the attack of a projectile. Vehicles have seen their means of protection evolve over the years to enable them to resist a threat more effectively.
- the most classic form of protection consists of passive shielding which is made of metal or of several layers of composite materials.
- So-called reactive shields are also known, which comprise an explosive layer interposed between two metal plates.
- the explosive of these shields is initiated by the impact of an incident projectile.
- the detonation of the explosive causes the projection of the external metal plate towards the projectile, which causes destabilization and / or destruction of the latter.
- These latter shields are more particularly suitable for protection against hollow charge projectiles and against arrow projectiles.
- shields include a threat attack module which is coupled to means for detecting it, for example radar or infrared.
- the attack module When an incident projectile is detected, the attack module is activated and projects a metal plate or block or splinters onto the incident projectile.
- Patent EP922924 describes such an active armor which comprises a plurality of launchers making it possible to project one or more metal blocks onto a projectile arrow.
- the projection is ensured by an explosive or a propellant charge.
- the projection speed is between 100 and 500 m / s.
- the main drawback of this device is that the projectiles are cylindrical or parallelepipedal blocks having a ratio of their total length to their smallest relatively small transverse dimension (approximately between 1 and 5).
- Such a device therefore requires the use of very efficient detection means making it possible to quickly and precisely locate the incident projectile.
- the protection device according to the invention has improved efficiency because it makes it possible to increase the probability of interception of an incident projectile while ensuring reproducibility of the performances.
- the subject of the invention is a device for protecting a wall, in particular a wall of a vehicle, against the attack of a projectile and comprising at least one explosive charge capable of projecting at least one metal block in direction of the projectile, device characterized in that the block or blocks have the form of elongated bars, that is to say having a maximum length greater than or equal to 10 times their smallest transverse dimension, the explosive charge being placed opposite a longitudinal surface of the bar.
- the explosive charge can be initiated by means of initiation which will be arranged at one end of the bar.
- the bar may be parallelepipedic, for example with a rectangular section.
- the device may include a support having a bottom plate intended to be fixed to the wall and on which the explosive charge is applied.
- the support may include a longitudinal cavity delimited by two lateral cheeks and receiving the explosive charge and the bar (s).
- the device may include at least two bars arranged substantially in the extension of one another in the same support.
- the device may include at least two bars arranged substantially parallel to one another in the same support. According to a variant, the device may include three bars arranged substantially parallel to one another in the same support.
- the device may include at least one intermediate layer of a material having an acoustic impedance of the same order of magnitude as that of the bars, intermediate layer which will be placed between the explosive charge and the bars.
- the intermediate layer may consist of a copper sheet 0.5 to 1 mm thick.
- the support may be arranged in a housing.
- a layer of damping material can be interposed between the support and the housing.
- the layer of damping material may in particular be arranged between the housing and the bottom and two lateral faces of the support.
- the damping material will consist of a material with high modulus of volume compressibility.
- This damping material can thus be chosen from the following materials: high density organic foam, for example greater than 1.2 g / cm 3 , composite material, polyester filled with glass fibers, or a granular material such as sand, plaster, shot, vermiculite, or glass beads, granular material coated or not in a binder.
- the bar (s) may be kept integral with the support or the housing by means of at least two end wedges bearing on an external surface of the bar (s) and they themselves made integral of the support or the case by a fixing means.
- the explosive charge may comprise at least two layers of explosives having different detonation rates, the detonation speed of the explosive in contact with the support being greater than that of the other explosive (s).
- FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of a first embodiment of a protection device according to the invention, section made along the plane of which the trace AA is shown in FIG. 2,
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of this first embodiment, a section taken along the plane, the trace BB of which is shown in FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the invention
- - Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 7 is a view in longitudinal section of a sixth embodiment of a protection device according to the invention, section taken along the plane, the trace CC of which is shown in FIG. 8,
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of this sixth embodiment, a section taken along the plane, the trace of which DD is shown in FIG. 7.
- a protection device 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention is fixed to a wall 2 of a vehicle (not shown in detail) using a fixing method suitable (for example flanges 5).
- This device comprises a support 4 having a bottom plate 4a intended to be fixed to the vehicle and carrying the flanges 5, plate on which is applied an explosive charge 3 in the form of a sheet of approximately 10 mm thick.
- an explosive composition for example about 120 g of a composition combining pentrite with an organic binder, for example the composition reference B2238 supplied by the National Company of Powder and Explosives - SNPE).
- the support 4 comprises a longitudinal cavity 6 which is delimited by two lateral cheeks 4b, 4c.
- the cavity 6 receives the explosive charge 3 on which is applied a bar 7 having substantially the same length and width as the charge 3.
- the bar is here parallelepipedic and it has a maximum length L which is greater than or equal to 10 times its smallest transverse dimension, here its height h (L U 10 h).
- the bar will advantageously be given the following dimensions: 100mm ⁇ L ⁇ 400mm; 3mm ⁇ h ⁇ 30 ⁇ r-m; 20mm ⁇ 1 ⁇ 50mm.
- the bar will be made for example of steel or else of titanium
- the explosive charge 3 is intended to be initiated by an initiating means 8 which is arranged at one of the ends of the pane 7.
- the priming means 8 comprises an electric igniter 9 and possibly a detonation relay 10 which is located opposite one end of the explosive charge 3.
- the cavity 6 of the support 4 is closed on one side by the priming means 8 and on the other by a closing plate 11.
- Plate 11 and priming means 8 are each fixed to the support 4 by four screws 12, of which only the heads and / or the axes are shown in the figures.
- the bar 7 is made integral with the support 4 by means of two end wedges 13 each formed by a steel plate 0.5 mm thick which comes to bear on an external surface of the bar 7.
- Each wedge 13 is fixed to the support 4 by a screw 14.
- the igniter 9 of the device 1 is connected by a wire to a centralized control means 15, itself connected to detection means 16, for example radar or infrared detectors placed on the vehicle.
- detection means 16 for example radar or infrared detectors placed on the vehicle.
- the wall 2 of the vehicle is for example a wall of the vehicle glazing.
- the bar 7 is arranged at a vulnerable zone of the vehicle (the frontal zone) and in such a way that the projection of the bar takes place in a plane intersecting potential directions of attack.
- the bar 7 is located ic substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the turret 18 of the vehicle (see diagram in Figure 2).
- the detection means 16 which is for example integral with the turret 18, will detect the approach of the projectile 17 in the direction ZZ '.
- the control means 15 will measure the approach speed of the projectile 17 and calculate the optimum instant to trigger the operation of the device 1, that is to say the instant when the projectile 17 will pass over the device 1 and cut the projection plane of the bar 7.
- the control means 15 then causes the initiation of the explosive charge 3. Due to the positioning of the initiation means 8 at one end of the bar, the detonation wave will sweep the explosive charge from one end to the other from the bar. This results in a progressive projection of the bar by raising according to a phenomenon analogous to that encountered in the shaped charges.
- the bar is thus projected in a direction D at a speed of the order of 300 to 800 m / s, practically without deformation or bending.
- the bar 7 makes an angle of the order of 3 ° relative to the support 4 (bearing angle) (see the bar traced in broken lines in Figure 1).
- the retaining wedges 13 disappear when the bar 7 is projected and they do not disturb the trajectory and the geometry thereof.
- the bar 7 thus scans a plane substantially perpendicular to the trajectory ZZ 'of the projectile 17 and it impacts the latter, causing it to rupture by shock and / or its destabilization by interference.
- the precision of the location of the projectile need not be important. It is enough to be assured of its passage above the device.
- We will adopt a device comprising bars, the length of which will therefore be chosen according to the performance of the detection and localization means.
- the speed of the bar is conditioned mainly by the ratio between the mass of explosive and that of the bar.
- the width of the bar if it is too small, risks leading to a preponderance of edge effects and decreased projection performance. In fact, the detonation products then relax laterally more quickly, which reduces energy transfer. Concretely, the bar will be given a width 1 greater than or equal to 20 mm.
- the lateral cheeks 4b and 4c of the support make it possible * to partially overcome the problem of this relaxation and also make it possible to limit the lateral deformations of the bar due to the compression stresses
- an infrared detection barrier may be provided, integral with the support 4 and materializing the latter. This barrier will be arranged in series with the control means and it will provide confirmation of the presence of the projectile causing the triggering of the device. We could also define a fully autonomous device, the triggering of which would be controlled by passing over the detection barrier.
- Each point of the bar has substantially the same speed which is the speed of projection.
- the control means 15 therefore does not have to take into account dispersion or speed differences to cause tripping.
- the bar for example a cylindrical shape.
- Appropriate sealing means will then be provided to avoid excessively rapid detonation of the detonation products.
- the means for fixing the device to the wall can of course be different. We can also fix the device on an intermediate structure itself added to the wall.
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention. This mode differs from the previous one in that the single bar 7 of FIG. 1 is replaced by three bars 7a,
- the wedges 13 have a suitable width ensuring the maintenance of the three bars.
- the presence of the lateral bars makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the device by reducing the edge effects for the projection of the central bar. Thus the transfer of energy from the explosive to the central bar is optimal. Due to the possible differences in mass, the speed of the side bars can be modified relative to that of the central bar.
- the side bars will have a lower speed than that of the central bar because of the edge effects reducing the efficiency of the energy transfer for the side bars.
- each of the lateral bars is less than that of the central bar, their speed compared to the previous case will be increased and, depending on the values of the masses adopted, the three bars may have the same speed or different speeds.
- Such an embodiment makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the device by ensuring the projection of several bars at identical and possibly different speeds (depending on the values chosen for the masses of each bar). This ensures, with a very compact device, multiple impacts, simultaneous or not, on the incident projectile 17.
- FIG. 4 shows in cross section a third embodiment of the invention which differs from the previous one in that it comprises a layer 19 interposed between the bars 7a, 7b, 7c and the explosive charge 3.
- the material of the intermediate layer 19 is chosen with an acoustic impedance of the same order of magnitude as that of the bars.
- a metallic material will be chosen.
- the intermediate layer could thus be constituted by a sheet 0.5 to 1 mm thick made of the same material as one of the bars or also of a ductile metallic material such as copper. Such a choice also makes it possible to ensure gas tightness.
- This layer makes it possible to delay the gas passages between the bars and also ensures a regularization of the projection speeds. It is possible, as a variant, to give the intermediate layer 19 a different thickness in line with each bar opposite which it is arranged. This will allow you to adjust the projection speeds of each bar.
- a given bar it is also possible for a given bar to provide an intermediate layer having a variable thickness from one edge to the other of the bar. Such an arrangement will make it possible to vary the direction of projection of the bar considered.
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the invention. This mode differs from that of FIG. 4 in that the explosive charge 3 comprises two layers of explosives 3a, 3b placed one on the other.
- the layer 3b which is in contact with the intermediate layer 19 is formed by an explosive having a detonation speed lower than that of the explosive in layer 3a in contact with the support 4.
- Figure 6 shows in longitudinal section a device according to a fifth embodiment.
- This mode differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that the bar 7 is replaced by two bars 7a, 7b arranged in the extension of one another in the cavity 6 of the support.
- a layer 19 is interposed between the bars 7a, 7b and the explosive charge 3. This arrangement makes it possible to ensure gas-tightness of the detonation gases between the bars and makes it possible to regulate the projection speeds.
- Each bar is held relative to the support 4 by a wedge 13 fixed by a screw 1.
- the bars are made integral with each other at their ends in mutual contact by a layer of adhesive 20.
- Such an arrangement makes it possible, like that described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5, to improve the efficiency of the device by ensuring the projection of several bars at identical speeds (if the masses of the bars are identical) and possibly different (if the masses are different).
- the two bars 7a and 7b are projected substantially simultaneously in a direction D at a speed of the order of 300m / s. Each bar follows its own trajectory without deformation or bending.
- bars of different mass can be produced (for example by varying the material or the thickness of each bar). In this case the speed of each bar will be different.
- a number of bars greater than two may be provided.
- shims fixed by screws placed in the side cheeks 4b and / or 4c of the support 4.
- Figures 7 and 8 show a sixth embodiment of the invention.
- the support 4 is arranged in a housing 21 made of a ductile material (that is to say having an elongation at break greater than 20%).
- the housing could be made of mild steel sheet 4 mm thick or of composite material.
- the housing comprises a bottom 21a, which is intended to come into contact with a wall 2 of the vehicle to be protected, and two side walls 21b and 21c which surround the support 4 and are folded so as to form two flanges 21d and 21e substantially parallel to the background 21a.
- the flanges 21d and 21e delimit a longitudinal notch 22 facing the bar 7.
- the support 4 is made integral with the housing 21 by screws 23 which bear on the flanges 21d and 21e and which are engaged in threads made on the side cheeks 4b and 4c of the support 4.
- Two longitudinal bars 24 are crossed by the screws 23 and allow the support 4 to be positioned relative to the housing 21.
- the bars will for example be made of plastic.
- the closure plate 11 (which carries two fixing lugs 5) is welded (or glued) to one end of the housing 21.
- the profile of this plate 11 is shown in broken lines in FIG. 8. It carries a notch corresponding to the notch 22. It also supports, as in the previous embodiments, the shim 13 allowing the bar to be fixed 7 to support.
- the priming means 8 is fixed to the support 4 by screws (not shown) and to the housing 21 by gluing or welding.
- a layer 25 of damping material is interposed between the support 4 and the housing 21.
- This layer 25 partially surrounds the support 4 and it is also interposed between the housing 21 and the two lateral cheeks 4b, 4c of the support 4.
- the damping material will be chosen according to its capacity to absorb energy. We will thus take a material with a high modulus of volume compressibility, that is to say for which the ratio V / Vo of the volume V
- damping material a high density organic foam (for example greater than 1.2 g / cm 3 ) or else a composite material making it possible to achieve a large volume deformation rate over the pressure variation range of 0 to 30 Gpa, such as a polyester filled with glass fibers or a filament wound on the basis of glass fibers. It is also possible to use as a damping material a material with an adaptive equation of state such as a porous material, sand, shot, vermiculite, glass beads, plaster.
- granular materials may or may not be coated in a binder, for example a plastic material such as an epoxy resin or a mineral material such as a cement.
- a binder for example a plastic material such as an epoxy resin or a mineral material such as a cement.
- the layer of shock absorbing material has the function of absorbing the shocks transmitted to the vehicle. It also makes it possible to avoid breaks in the support 4.
- the housing brakes the lateral cheeks of the support 4 during detonation. This reduces the collateral effects of the protection device.
- the housing also makes it possible to seal the device before operation. In order to perfect such a seal, it is advantageously possible to fill all or part of the notch 22 with a layer of resin (not shown).
- the housing 21 and the layer of damping material 25 by an envelope made of composite material, associating for example glass fibers in a resin matrix.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0001684 | 2000-02-10 | ||
| FR0001684A FR2805037B1 (fr) | 2000-02-10 | 2000-02-10 | Dispositif de protections d'une paroi |
| PCT/FR2001/000376 WO2001059396A1 (fr) | 2000-02-10 | 2001-02-09 | Dispositif de protection d'une paroi |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1192404A1 true EP1192404A1 (fr) | 2002-04-03 |
| EP1192404B1 EP1192404B1 (fr) | 2005-08-31 |
Family
ID=8846876
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01907742A Expired - Lifetime EP1192404B1 (fr) | 2000-02-10 | 2001-02-09 | Dispositif de protection d'une paroi |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6681679B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1192404B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60113024T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2805037B1 (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL144360A0 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2001059396A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2909441A1 (fr) | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-06 | Nexter Munitions Sa | Dispositif de defense d'une plate-forme contre une menace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004090459A1 (fr) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-10-21 | Serhiy Oleksandrovych Shumov | Systeme de protection active |
| FR2860065B1 (fr) * | 2003-09-22 | 2006-03-17 | Giat Ind Sa | Systeme de protection d'une cible |
| EP1852712B1 (fr) * | 2003-11-27 | 2019-02-13 | NEXTER Munitions | Dispositif de protection mettant en oeuvre un dispositif de détection et au moins un module de contrôle |
| US7066427B2 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2006-06-27 | Chang Industry, Inc. | Active protection device and associated apparatus, system, and method |
| FR2867634B1 (fr) | 2004-03-12 | 2008-07-04 | Giat Ind Sa | Procede de transmission de donnees et dispositif mettant en oeuvre un tel procede |
| US20070245933A1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2007-10-25 | Knauf Gips Kg; Am Bahnhof 7 | Projectile-Resistant Partition Construction |
| US8069769B2 (en) | 2005-04-25 | 2011-12-06 | Dynamic Defense Materials, Llc | Portable protection device |
| FR2888921B1 (fr) * | 2005-07-19 | 2010-11-12 | Giat Ind Sa | Blindage reactif a effet de cisaillement |
| US7703375B1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2010-04-27 | Lawrence Technological University | Composite armor with a cellular structure |
| US8091464B1 (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2012-01-10 | Raytheon Company | Shaped charge resistant protective shield |
| US20090136702A1 (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-05-28 | Yabei Gu | Laminated armor having a non-planar interface design to mitigate stress and shock waves |
| WO2010039321A2 (fr) * | 2008-07-22 | 2010-04-08 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Armure pourvue d’un cœur prismatique en mosaïque |
| IL194090A (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2013-09-30 | Rafael Advanced Defense Sys | Method and Device for Compound Protection |
| IL195978A0 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2009-11-18 | Gigi Simovich | Dynamically stressed armor |
| IT1395772B1 (it) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-10-19 | Oto Melara Spa | Sistema di protezione balistica attiva. |
| US8453553B2 (en) | 2011-07-15 | 2013-06-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Radially orthogonal, tubular energetically rotated armor (ROTERA) |
| US20140137728A1 (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2014-05-22 | Bae Systems Land & Armaments, L.P. | Buoyant armor applique system |
| IL232301B (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2018-11-29 | Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd | System and method for neutralizing hollow charge threats |
| US9797691B1 (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2017-10-24 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Ceramic armor buffers for enhanced ballistic performance |
| US9885543B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2018-02-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Mechanically-adaptive, armor link/linkage (MAAL) |
| US10670375B1 (en) | 2017-08-14 | 2020-06-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Adaptive armor system with variable-angle suspended armor elements |
| EA202190514A1 (ru) | 2019-07-19 | 2021-06-01 | Мб "Идерика" | Вертикально ориентированная взрывная реактивная броня, ее конструкция и способ действия |
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2000
- 2000-02-10 FR FR0001684A patent/FR2805037B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-02-09 DE DE60113024T patent/DE60113024T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-09 WO PCT/FR2001/000376 patent/WO2001059396A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2001-02-09 US US09/914,775 patent/US6681679B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-02-09 IL IL14436001A patent/IL144360A0/xx active IP Right Review Request
- 2001-02-09 EP EP01907742A patent/EP1192404B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Title |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2909441A1 (fr) | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-06 | Nexter Munitions Sa | Dispositif de defense d'une plate-forme contre une menace |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2805037A1 (fr) | 2001-08-17 |
| EP1192404B1 (fr) | 2005-08-31 |
| DE60113024T2 (de) | 2006-06-14 |
| DE60113024D1 (de) | 2005-10-06 |
| FR2805037B1 (fr) | 2002-04-05 |
| US6681679B2 (en) | 2004-01-27 |
| WO2001059396A1 (fr) | 2001-08-16 |
| IL144360A0 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
| US20030164087A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
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