EP1192391A1 - Atomizing burner for a heating device of a vehicle - Google Patents

Atomizing burner for a heating device of a vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP1192391A1
EP1192391A1 EP01940336A EP01940336A EP1192391A1 EP 1192391 A1 EP1192391 A1 EP 1192391A1 EP 01940336 A EP01940336 A EP 01940336A EP 01940336 A EP01940336 A EP 01940336A EP 1192391 A1 EP1192391 A1 EP 1192391A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
baffle plate
combustion chamber
atomizer
burner according
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01940336A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1192391B1 (en
Inventor
Felix Wolf
Bernd Mittmann
Johann Sperl
Thomas Kerscher
Josef Amann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Webasto Thermosysteme GmbH
Webasto Thermosysteme International GmbH
Original Assignee
Webasto Thermosysteme GmbH
Webasto Thermosysteme International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Webasto Thermosysteme GmbH, Webasto Thermosysteme International GmbH filed Critical Webasto Thermosysteme GmbH
Publication of EP1192391A1 publication Critical patent/EP1192391A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1192391B1 publication Critical patent/EP1192391B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23MCASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/06Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in fire-boxes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an atomizer burner for a vehicle heater according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Atomizer burners with which the energy bound in fossil fuels can be converted into thermal energy, are already used in a wide variety of areas (see, for example, WO 87/00605 or DE 39 01 126 A1).
  • atomizer burners or nozzle atomizer burners in the power range of ⁇ 10 kW are generally not used, since the atomization quality is considered insufficient for smaller outputs and a high electrical power consumption is required to achieve an adequate atomization quality.
  • atomizer burners show poor burning behavior in the partial load range, since the atomization quality is worse here than under full load.
  • nozzle atomizer burners of the known type have poor cold start behavior, since the atomization quality deteriorates due to the increasing viscosity of the fuel as the temperature decreases. Large fuel droplets pass through the combustion chamber unevaporated or only partially vaporized, which is the cause of high starting emissions. Poor exhaust gas quality, even if it is only during the start-up phase, is no longer acceptable today, taking into account the increased sensitivity of the market with regard to environmental issues.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an atomizer burner for a vehicle heater, which enables good combustion behavior and low emissions even at lower powers in the part-load range and during the cold start phase.
  • An atomizer burner for a vehicle heater, with a combustion chamber containing a bluff body and with a fuel atomizing device atomizing into the combustion chamber, the distance from the atomizing point of the atomizing device being smaller than the diameter of the combustion chamber or the diameter of a cylindrical of the combustion chamber, a baffle plate acting as a bluff body is provided.
  • the baffle plate as a bluff body has the effect of flame stabilization, which has an advantageous effect on reducing the flame noise and on improving the combustion, in particular at lower outputs or in the part-load range of the burner.
  • the baffle plate has a particularly advantageous effect when realizing compact combustion chambers for liquid fuels. Thanks to the baffle plate, the burner equipped with it can also process poorer atomization qualities without this having a negative effect on the burner behavior. Likewise, the possibility of realizing partial load stages in which the atomization quality is poorer than in the full load stage is improved.
  • the baffle plate can be, among other things, conical, convex or concave.
  • the arrangement of the baffle plate in the flame zone makes it easier to re-ignite the fuel on the glowing plate after a flame has broken off, as is caused, for example, by air bubbles in the fuel line.
  • CO and HC emissions can be reduced when a combustion process ends by reacting on the glowing baffle plate.
  • the baffle plate can be designed as a plate with a collar with a height of, for example, 2 mm against the direction of atomization of the fuel, so that it forms a flat pot.
  • the ratio of Baffle plate diameter to combustion chamber diameter is preferably between 0.6 and 0.9 and the ratio of the axial distance of the baffle plate from the atomization point to the combustion chamber diameter is preferably between 0.3 and 0.6. Due to the suitable dimensioning of the baffle plate, an only insignificantly increased pressure loss of the combustion chamber is achieved compared to other aerodynamic measures, whereby, for example, the tangential component of a swirling combustion air flow is only slightly disturbed, so that the fuel gases can still flow with a swirl component downstream of the baffle plate.
  • the baffle plate is preferably fixed with fastening tabs.
  • the baffle plate can have openings in the form of slots and / or bores, the openings preferably being in the form of a defined perforation in the baffle plate.
  • the baffle plate can also be designed as a ring with a central through hole.
  • a chamber can be arranged on the baffle plate, into which a glow device in the form of a glow plug, for example made of ceramic, or in the form of a glow plug protrudes.
  • the starting behavior of the burner is improved by the arrangement of the glow device in the area of the flow of flow upstream of the baffle plate.
  • the chamber is preferably designed such that the glow device protrudes into it such that the radiation energy of the glow device downstream of the atomization device can be used to heat the component of the baffle plate.
  • the baffle plate can be fixed, among other things, on the combustion chamber, on the combustion chamber base or on aerodynamic internals, such as a swirl device for the combustion air.
  • the baffle plate can preferably consist of high-alloy steel, ceramic or ceramic-coated steel. Further properties and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings; therein shows:
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through an atomizer burner.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a combustion chamber with a combustion tube or flame tube
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the combustion chamber according to FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the baffle plate of the combustion chamber according to FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 5 shows a variant of FIG. 1 with a concave baffle plate
  • Fig. 6 shows a variant of Fig. 1 with a convex baffle
  • Fig. 7 shows another variant of Fig. 1 with a conical baffle.
  • this atomizer burner consists of an atomizer nozzle 2, which is preceded by an air-guiding device 4 for swirling the combustion air entering the atomizer nozzle 2.
  • a fuel supply line 6 can be seen on the left-hand side, to which the fuel to be atomized in the atomizing nozzle 2 is supplied.
  • the atomizer nozzle 2 is connected to a cylindrical heat shield 8 on its side facing the combustion chamber 24 (see FIG. 5).
  • This heat shield 8 can be provided with secondary air bores 10, which are also provided in the flange 12 behind the heat shield 8, which is used to fasten the atomizer nozzle 2 inside the combustion chamber or within the vehicle.
  • the atomizer burner is also provided with a glow device 16, which can be a glow plug, preferably made of a ceramic material, or a glow plug, with the aid of which the atomized fuel mixture is ignited.
  • a glow device 16 which can be a glow plug, preferably made of a ceramic material, or a glow plug, with the aid of which the atomized fuel mixture is ignited.
  • an ignition device not shown, which is common in atomizing burners, is provided for generating an ignition spark.
  • the bluff body or the baffle plate 18 is arranged within the flame zone of the burner, whereby the flame stability is improved.
  • the baffle plate 18 also acts to deflect the malfunction and thus to stabilize the flame.
  • the baffle plate 18 is preferably made of high-alloy steel and has a collar 20 of approximately 2 mm in height facing the atomizing nozzle 2.
  • the baffle plate 18 can also consist of ceramic material or a high-alloy steel coated with a ceramic material.
  • the baffle plate 18 is fastened to the heat shield 8 with fastening tabs 22.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a combustion chamber 24 provided with a baffle plate 18, the rear of the
  • Combustion chamber 24 a flame tube 26 is arranged. The one shown in the
  • Baffle plate 18D is fastened in the combustion chamber 24 via fastening tabs 22.
  • a start chamber 28 is arranged on the baffle plate 18D, into which a glow device can protrude. Through this start chamber 28, areas of the baffle plate can be used as a "hot spot" to heat the start chamber 28 or the baffle plate 18D.
  • the start chamber 28 also serves as a calming zone in which a pilot flame is formed more quickly, which evaporates the atomized fuel accelerates and thus leads to faster ignition when starting the burner.
  • the starting chamber 28 is arranged on the edge of the baffle plate 18D in the present embodiment. As an alternative to this, it can also be fastened at any other location of the baffle plate, or can be formed integrally therewith, in particular when the baffle plate 18 is in a flat configuration. The position of the starting chamber 28 is ultimately determined by the position of the glow device.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show the embodiment according to FIG. 2 once in a sectional view and another time in a top view of the baffle plate 18.
  • the combustion chamber in FIGS. 2 to 4 is combined with the burner according to FIG. 1 in such a way that the heat shield 8 is preferably inserted into the combustion chamber 24 on the inside, the baffle plate 18 alternatively on the heat shield 8, as shown in FIG. 1 , or to the combustion chamber 24, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, can be attached.
  • the heat shield 8 can also be attached to the combustion chamber 24, in which case recesses are provided in the heat shield 8.
  • bores 30 and slots 32 are additionally formed on the baffle plate 18. Such bores 30 or slots 32 are optionally provided. You can either as a predetermined hole pattern with only one or more holes 30 or with one or more slots 32 or - As shown - as combinations of bores 30 and slots 32 presence.
  • the baffle plate 18A is concave. Furthermore, the combustion chamber 24, which surrounds the heat shield 8 on the outside, is indicated in this figure. Such a combustion chamber 24 is also present in the other embodiments.
  • the baffle plate 18D is convex, i. H. formed with a curvature directed towards the atomizer nozzle 2.
  • the baffle plate 18C is conical.
  • the tip of the cone can also be directed towards the atomizing nozzle 2.
  • the ratio of the axial distance of the baffle plate 18, 18A, 18B, 18C or 18D from the atomization point P is approximately between 0.3 and 0.6. It is also advantageous in all of the illustrated embodiments if the ratio of the diameter of the baffle plate 18, 18A, 18B, 18C or 18D to the diameter of the combustion chamber 24 or to the diameter of the heat shield 8 arranged in the combustion chamber 24 is approximately between 0.6 and 0 , 9 lies. With these numerical ratios, the best combustion results have been shown in practice.

Abstract

The invention relates to an atomizing burner for a heating device of a vehicle, comprising a combustion chamber which contains an accumulator (18) and an atomizing device (2) which atomizes a fuel into the combustion chamber. The invention is characterized in that a baffle plate (18) which acts as an accumulator is provided inside the combustion chamber facing towards the atomized fuel, at a distance from the atomizing point of the atomizing device (2), said distance being smaller than the diameter of the combustion chamber or the diameter of a cylindrical heat shield (8) which projects into the combustion chamber.

Description

Zerstäuberbrenner für ein Fahrzeug-Heizgerät Atomizer burner for a vehicle heater
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Zerstäuberbrenner für ein Fahrzeug-Heizgerät gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to an atomizer burner for a vehicle heater according to the preamble of claim 1.
Zerstäuberbrenner, mit denen sich die in fossilen Energieträgern gebundene Energie in Wärmeenergie umwandeln läßt, werden bereits in den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen eingesetzt (siehe beispielsweise WO 87/00605 oder DE 39 01 126 A1). Im Bereich der Fahrzeug-Heizgeräte kommen dabei Zerstäuberbrenner oder Düsenzerstäuberbrenner im Leistungsbereich von < 10 kW in der Regel nicht zum Einsatz, da die Zerstäubungsqualität bei kleineren Leistungen als nicht ausreichend angesehen wird und eine hohe elektrische Leistungsaufnahme zur Erzielung einer ausreichenden Zerstäubungsqualität erforderlich ist. Darüber hinaus zeigen Zerstäuberbrenner ein schlechtes Brennverhalten im Teillastbereich, da hier die Zerstäubungsqualität schlechter ist, als unter Vollast.Atomizer burners, with which the energy bound in fossil fuels can be converted into thermal energy, are already used in a wide variety of areas (see, for example, WO 87/00605 or DE 39 01 126 A1). In the field of vehicle heaters, atomizer burners or nozzle atomizer burners in the power range of <10 kW are generally not used, since the atomization quality is considered insufficient for smaller outputs and a high electrical power consumption is required to achieve an adequate atomization quality. In addition, atomizer burners show poor burning behavior in the partial load range, since the atomization quality is worse here than under full load.
Schließlich zeigen Düsenzerstäuberbrenner der bekannten Art ein schiechtes Kaltstartverhalten, da aufgrund der mit abnehmender Temperatur zunehmenden Viskosität des Brennstoffes sich die Zerstäubungsqualität verschlechtert. Dabei treten große Brennstofftropfen unverdampft bzw. nur teilweise verdampft durch die Brennkammer hindurch, was die Ursache für hohe Startemissionen ist. Eine schlechte Abgasqualität, und sei es nur während der Startphase, ist unter Berücksichtigung der erhöhten Sensibilität des Marktes im Hinblick auf Umweltfragen heutzutage nicht mehr tragbar.Finally, nozzle atomizer burners of the known type have poor cold start behavior, since the atomization quality deteriorates due to the increasing viscosity of the fuel as the temperature decreases. Large fuel droplets pass through the combustion chamber unevaporated or only partially vaporized, which is the cause of high starting emissions. Poor exhaust gas quality, even if it is only during the start-up phase, is no longer acceptable today, taking into account the increased sensitivity of the market with regard to environmental issues.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen Zerstäuberbrenner für ein Fahrzeug-Heizgerät zu schaffen, der auch bei kleineren Leistungen im Teillastbereich sowie während der Kaltstartphase ein gutes Brennverhalten sowie niedrige Emissionen ermöglicht.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an atomizer burner for a vehicle heater, which enables good combustion behavior and low emissions even at lower powers in the part-load range and during the cold start phase.
C0NF I RMATI0N C0PY Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.C0NF I RMATI0N C0PY This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1. Appropriate embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.
Vorgesehen ist ein Zerstäuberbrenner für ein Fahrzeug-Heizgerät, mit einer einen Staukörper enthaltenden Brennkammer sowie mit einer Brennstoff in die Brennkammer zerstäubenden Zerstäubereinrichtung, wobei in einem Abstand vom Zerstäubungspunkt der Zerstäubereinrichtung, der kleiner als der Durchmesser der Brennkammer oder der Durchmesser eines zylindrischen, sich in der Brennkammer erstreckenden Hitzeschildes ist, eine als Staukörper wirkende Prallscheibe vorgesehen ist. Die Prallscheibe als Staukörper hat den Effekt einer Flammstabilisierung, die sich vorteilhaft auf eine Reduzierung der Flammengeräusche sowie auf die Verbesserung der Verbrennung inbesondere bei kleineren Leistungen oder im Teillastbereich des Brenners auswirkt. Besonders vorteilhaft wirkt sich die Prallscheibe bei der Realisierung von kompakten Brennkammern für Flüssigbrennstoffe aus. Durch die Prallscheibe kann der damit ausgestattet Brenner auch schlechtere Zerstäubungsqualitäten verarbeiten, ohne daß sich dies negativ auf das Brennerverhalten auswirkt. Ebenso wird die Möglichkeit zur Realisierung von Teillaststufen, bei der die Zerstäubungsqualität schlechter als in der Volllaststufe ist, verbessert.An atomizer burner is provided for a vehicle heater, with a combustion chamber containing a bluff body and with a fuel atomizing device atomizing into the combustion chamber, the distance from the atomizing point of the atomizing device being smaller than the diameter of the combustion chamber or the diameter of a cylindrical of the combustion chamber, a baffle plate acting as a bluff body is provided. The baffle plate as a bluff body has the effect of flame stabilization, which has an advantageous effect on reducing the flame noise and on improving the combustion, in particular at lower outputs or in the part-load range of the burner. The baffle plate has a particularly advantageous effect when realizing compact combustion chambers for liquid fuels. Thanks to the baffle plate, the burner equipped with it can also process poorer atomization qualities without this having a negative effect on the burner behavior. Likewise, the possibility of realizing partial load stages in which the atomization quality is poorer than in the full load stage is improved.
Die Prallscheibe kann dabei unter anderem konisch, konvex oder konkav sein. Durch die Anordnung der Prallscheibe in der Flammenzone wird ein Wiederentzünden des Brennstoffes an der glühenden Scheibe nach einem Flammenabriß, wie er beispielsweise durch Luftblasen in der Brennstoffleitung verursacht wird, erleichtert. Darüber hinaus können CO- und HC- Emissionen beim Beenden eines Brennvorgangs durch Ausreagieren an der glühenden Prallscheibe reduziert werden.The baffle plate can be, among other things, conical, convex or concave. The arrangement of the baffle plate in the flame zone makes it easier to re-ignite the fuel on the glowing plate after a flame has broken off, as is caused, for example, by air bubbles in the fuel line. In addition, CO and HC emissions can be reduced when a combustion process ends by reacting on the glowing baffle plate.
Die Prallscheibe kann als Scheibe mit einem Kragen mit einer Höhe von beispielsweise 2 mm entgegen der Zerstäubungsrichtung des Brennstoffes ausgebildet sein, so daß sie einen flachenTopf bildet. Das Verhältnis von Prallscheibendurchmesser zu Brennkammerdurchmesser liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 0,6 und 0,9 und das Verhältnis des axialen Abstands der Prallscheibe vom Zerstäubungspunkt zum Brennkammerdurchmesser liegt bevorzugt zwischen 0,3 und 0,6. Durch die geeignete Dimensionierung der Prallscheibe erzielt man im Vergleich zu anderen aerodynamischen Maßnahmen einen nur unwesentlich erhöhten Druckverlust der Brennkammer, wobei z.B. die Tangentialkomponente einer drallbehaftet zugeführten Brennluftströmung nur unwesentlich gestört wird, so daß die Brenngase auch stromab der Prallscheibe noch mit einer Drallkomponente strömen können. Die Prallscheibe ist bevorzugt mit Befestigungslaschen fixiert.The baffle plate can be designed as a plate with a collar with a height of, for example, 2 mm against the direction of atomization of the fuel, so that it forms a flat pot. The ratio of Baffle plate diameter to combustion chamber diameter is preferably between 0.6 and 0.9 and the ratio of the axial distance of the baffle plate from the atomization point to the combustion chamber diameter is preferably between 0.3 and 0.6. Due to the suitable dimensioning of the baffle plate, an only insignificantly increased pressure loss of the combustion chamber is achieved compared to other aerodynamic measures, whereby, for example, the tangential component of a swirling combustion air flow is only slightly disturbed, so that the fuel gases can still flow with a swirl component downstream of the baffle plate. The baffle plate is preferably fixed with fastening tabs.
Die Prallscheibe kann Öffnungen in Form von Schlitzen und/oder Bohrungen aufweisen, wobei die Öffnungen vorzugsweise in Form einer definierten Belochung der Prallscheibe ausgebildet sind. Die Prallscheibe kann aber auch als Ring mit einem zentralen Durchgangsloch ausgebildet sein.The baffle plate can have openings in the form of slots and / or bores, the openings preferably being in the form of a defined perforation in the baffle plate. The baffle plate can also be designed as a ring with a central through hole.
Weiterhin kann in einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform an der Prallscheibe eine Kammer angeordnet sein, in die eine Glüheinrichtung in Form eines Glühstifts, beispielsweise aus Keramik, oder in Form einer Glühkerze hineinragt. Durch die Anordnung der Glüheinrichtung im Bereich der Stauströmung stromauf der Prallscheibe wird das Startverhalten des Brenners verbessert. Die Kammer ist dabei vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, daß die Glüheinrichtung gerade so in sie hineinragt, daß die Strahlungsenergie der Glüheinrichtung stromab der Zerstäubungseinrichtung zur Bauteilerwärmung der Prallscheibe genutzt werden kann. Hierdurch wird insbesondere das Startverhalten eines derartigen Brenners wesentlich verbessert. Die Prallscheibe kann unter anderem an der Brennkammer, am Brennkammerboden oder an aerodynamischen Einbauten, wie beispielsweise einer Dralleinrichtung für die Brennluft fixiert sein.Furthermore, in a particularly preferred embodiment, a chamber can be arranged on the baffle plate, into which a glow device in the form of a glow plug, for example made of ceramic, or in the form of a glow plug protrudes. The starting behavior of the burner is improved by the arrangement of the glow device in the area of the flow of flow upstream of the baffle plate. The chamber is preferably designed such that the glow device protrudes into it such that the radiation energy of the glow device downstream of the atomization device can be used to heat the component of the baffle plate. As a result, the starting behavior of such a burner in particular is significantly improved. The baffle plate can be fixed, among other things, on the combustion chamber, on the combustion chamber base or on aerodynamic internals, such as a swirl device for the combustion air.
Die Prallscheibe kann vorzugsweise aus hochlegiertem Stahl, aus Keramik oder aus keramikbeschichtetem Stahl bestehen. Weitere Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung mit Bezug auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen; darin zeigt:The baffle plate can preferably consist of high-alloy steel, ceramic or ceramic-coated steel. Further properties and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings; therein shows:
Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch einen Zerstäuberbrenner;1 shows a cross section through an atomizer burner.
Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Brennkammer mit einem Brennrohr bzw. Flammrohr;2 shows a perspective view of a combustion chamber with a combustion tube or flame tube;
Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch die Brennkammer nach Fig. 2;3 shows a cross section through the combustion chamber according to FIG. 2;
Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf die Prallscheibe der Brennkammer nach Fig. 2,4 shows a plan view of the baffle plate of the combustion chamber according to FIG. 2,
Fig. 5 eine Variante zur Fig. 1 mit einer konkaven Prallscheibe,5 shows a variant of FIG. 1 with a concave baffle plate,
Fig. 6 eine Variante zur Fig. 1 mit einer konvexen Prallscheibe, undFig. 6 shows a variant of Fig. 1 with a convex baffle, and
Fig. 7 eine weitere Variante zur Fig. 1 mit einer konischen Prallscheibe.Fig. 7 shows another variant of Fig. 1 with a conical baffle.
In der Fig. 1 ist ein Querschnitt durch eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines Zerstäuberbrenners dargestellt. Dieser Zerstäuberbrenner besteht in der dargestellten Ausführungsform aus einer Zerstäuberdüse 2, der eine luftleitende Einrichtung 4 zur Verdrallung der in die Zerstäuberdüse 2 eintretenden Brennluft vorgeschaltet ist. Vor der luftleitenden Einrichtung 4 ist auf der linken Seite eine Brennstoffzufuhrleitung 6 zu erkennen, zu der der in der Zerstäuberdüse 2 zu zerstäubende Brennstoff zugeführt wird. Die Zerstäuberdüse 2 ist auf ihrer der Brennkammer 24 (siehe Fig. 5) zugewandten Seite mit einem zylindrischen Hitzeschild 8 verbunden. Dieser Hitzeschild 8 kann mit Sekundärluftbohrungen 10 versehen sein, die auch in dem hinter dem Hitzeschild 8 liegenden Flansch 12 vorgesehen sind, der der Befestigung der Zerstäuberdüse 2 innerhalb der Brennkammer bzw. innerhalb des Fahrzeug- Heizgeräts dient. Die Sekundärluft, die durch diese Bohrungen 10 hindurchtritt, wird durch eine luftleitende Dralleinrichtung 14 ebenfalls mit einem Drall beaufschlagt. Der Zerstäuberbrenner ist darüber hinaus mit einer Glüheinrichtung 16 versehen, bei der es sich um einen vorzugsweise aus einem Keramik-Material bestehenden Glühstift bzw. um eine Glühkerze handeln kann, mit deren Hilfe das zerstäubte Brennstoffgemisch entzündet wird. Optional ist zusätzlich zur Glüheinrichtung 16 eine nicht dargestellte, bei Zerstäubungsbrennern übliche Zündeinrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Zündfunkens vorgesehen.1 shows a cross section through a preferred embodiment of an atomizer burner. In the embodiment shown, this atomizer burner consists of an atomizer nozzle 2, which is preceded by an air-guiding device 4 for swirling the combustion air entering the atomizer nozzle 2. In front of the air-guiding device 4, a fuel supply line 6 can be seen on the left-hand side, to which the fuel to be atomized in the atomizing nozzle 2 is supplied. The atomizer nozzle 2 is connected to a cylindrical heat shield 8 on its side facing the combustion chamber 24 (see FIG. 5). This heat shield 8 can be provided with secondary air bores 10, which are also provided in the flange 12 behind the heat shield 8, which is used to fasten the atomizer nozzle 2 inside the combustion chamber or within the vehicle. Heater is used. The secondary air that passes through these bores 10 is also subjected to a swirl by an air-conducting swirl device 14. The atomizer burner is also provided with a glow device 16, which can be a glow plug, preferably made of a ceramic material, or a glow plug, with the aid of which the atomized fuel mixture is ignited. Optionally, in addition to the glow device 16, an ignition device, not shown, which is common in atomizing burners, is provided for generating an ignition spark.
Wie der Fig. 1 weiterhin zu entnehmen ist, ist an dem Hitzeschild 8 des Brenners ein Staukörper in Form einer in diesem Falle ebenen, senkrecht zur Längsachse der Brennkammer 24 angeordneten Prallscheibe 18 vorgesehen. In der Zerstäuberdüse 2 zerstäubter Brennstoff, der durch ungenügende Brennstoffaufbereitung in Form von Brennstofftropfen auftreten kann, trifft auf den als ebene Prallscheibe 18 ausgebildeten Staukörper auf und kann dort verdampfen. Der Staukörper bzw. die Prallscheibe 18 ist innerhalb der Flammzone des Brenners angeordnet, wodurch die Flammstabilität verbessert wird. Die Prallscheibe 18 wirkt darüber hinaus störmungsumlenkend und damit flammstabilisierend.As can also be seen from FIG. 1, a bluff body in the form of a baffle plate 18 arranged in this case, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber 24, is provided on the heat shield 8 of the burner. Fuel atomized in the atomizer nozzle 2, which can occur in the form of fuel drops due to insufficient fuel processing, strikes the bluff body designed as a flat baffle plate 18 and can evaporate there. The bluff body or the baffle plate 18 is arranged within the flame zone of the burner, whereby the flame stability is improved. The baffle plate 18 also acts to deflect the malfunction and thus to stabilize the flame.
Die Prallscheibe 18 ist vorzugsweise aus hochlegiertem Stahl ausgeführt und weist einen zur Zerstäuberdüse 2 gerichteten Kragen 20 von etwa 2 mm Höhe auf. Alternativ dazu kann die Prallscheibe 18 auch aus Keramik-Material oder einem mit einem Keramik-Material beschichteten, hochlegierten Stahl bestehen. Wie der Fig. 1 weiterhin zu entnehmen ist, ist die Prallscheibe 18 mit Befestigungslaschen 22 an dem Hitzeschild 8 befestigt.The baffle plate 18 is preferably made of high-alloy steel and has a collar 20 of approximately 2 mm in height facing the atomizing nozzle 2. As an alternative to this, the baffle plate 18 can also consist of ceramic material or a high-alloy steel coated with a ceramic material. As can also be seen in FIG. 1, the baffle plate 18 is fastened to the heat shield 8 with fastening tabs 22.
Der Fig. 2 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht einer mit einer Prallscheibe 18 versehenen Brennkammer 24 zu entnehmen, wobei an der Rückseite derFIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a combustion chamber 24 provided with a baffle plate 18, the rear of the
Brennkammer 24 ein Flammrohr 26 angeordnet ist. Die in der dargestelltenCombustion chamber 24 a flame tube 26 is arranged. The one shown in the
Variante als Scheibe mit einer zentralen Durchgangsbohrung 34 ausgebildete Prallscheibe 18D ist dabei über Befestigungslaschen 22 in der Brennkammer 24 befestigt. Wie der Fig. 2 weiterhin zu entnehmen ist, ist an der Prallscheibe 18D eine Startkammer 28 angeordnet, in die eine Glüheinrichtung hineinragen kann. Durch diese Startkammer 28 können Bereiche der Prallscheibe als „Hot- Spot" genutzt werden, um die Startkammer 28 bzw. die Prallscheibe 18D aufzuheizen. Darüber hinaus dient die Startkammer 28 auch als Beruhigungszone, in der sich schneller eine Pilotflamme ausbildet, die die Verdampfung des zerstäubten Brennstoffes beschleunigt und somit zu einem schnelleren Durchzünden beim Starten des Brenners führt.Variant designed as a disc with a central through hole 34 Baffle plate 18D is fastened in the combustion chamber 24 via fastening tabs 22. As can also be seen from FIG. 2, a start chamber 28 is arranged on the baffle plate 18D, into which a glow device can protrude. Through this start chamber 28, areas of the baffle plate can be used as a "hot spot" to heat the start chamber 28 or the baffle plate 18D. In addition, the start chamber 28 also serves as a calming zone in which a pilot flame is formed more quickly, which evaporates the atomized fuel accelerates and thus leads to faster ignition when starting the burner.
Wie zu erkennen ist, ist die Startkammer 28 in der vorliegenden Ausführungsform am Rand der Prallscheibe 18D angeordnet. Alternativ dazu kann sie aber auch insbesondere bei einer geschlossenen flächigen Ausbildung der Prallscheibe 18 an jeder anderen Stelle der Prallscheibe befestigt sein bzw. integral mit dieser ausgeformt sein. Die Position der Startkammer 28 wird letztlich durch die Position der Glüheinrichtung bestimmt.As can be seen, the starting chamber 28 is arranged on the edge of the baffle plate 18D in the present embodiment. As an alternative to this, it can also be fastened at any other location of the baffle plate, or can be formed integrally therewith, in particular when the baffle plate 18 is in a flat configuration. The position of the starting chamber 28 is ultimately determined by the position of the glow device.
Die Figuren 3 und 4 zeigen die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 einmal in einer Schnittansicht und ein anderes Mal in einer Draufsicht auf die Prallscheibe 18.FIGS. 3 and 4 show the embodiment according to FIG. 2 once in a sectional view and another time in a top view of the baffle plate 18.
Die Brennkammer in den Figuren 2 bis 4 wird mit dem Brenner gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Weise kombiniert, daß der Hitzeschild 8 vorzugsweise innenseitig in die Brennkammer 24 eingeführt wird, wobei die Prallscheibe 18 alternativ an dem Hitzeschild 8, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, oder an der Brennkammer 24, wie in den Fig. 2 bis 4 dargestellt, befestigt sein kann. Der Hitzeschild 8 kann auch an der Brennkammer 24 befestigt sein, wobei in diesem Falle Aussparungen im Hitzeschild 8 vorgesehen sind.The combustion chamber in FIGS. 2 to 4 is combined with the burner according to FIG. 1 in such a way that the heat shield 8 is preferably inserted into the combustion chamber 24 on the inside, the baffle plate 18 alternatively on the heat shield 8, as shown in FIG. 1 , or to the combustion chamber 24, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, can be attached. The heat shield 8 can also be attached to the combustion chamber 24, in which case recesses are provided in the heat shield 8.
In Fig. 4 sind an der Prallscheibe 18 zusätzlich Bohrungen 30 und Schlitze 32 ausgebildet. Derartige Bohrungen 30 bzw. Schlitze 32 sind optional vorgesehen. Sie können entweder als vorgegebenes Lochmuster nur mit einer oder mehreren Bohrungen 30 oder mit einem oder mehreren Schlitzen 32 oder - wie dargestellt - als Kombinationen aus Bohrungen 30 und Schlitzen 32 Vorhandensein.In FIG. 4, bores 30 and slots 32 are additionally formed on the baffle plate 18. Such bores 30 or slots 32 are optionally provided. You can either as a predetermined hole pattern with only one or more holes 30 or with one or more slots 32 or - As shown - as combinations of bores 30 and slots 32 presence.
Bei der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Variante ist die Prallscheibe 18A konkav ausgebildet. Ferner ist in dieser Figur die Brennkammer 24, die den Hitzeschild 8 außen umgibt, angedeutet. Eine derartige Brennkammer 24 ist auch bei den übrigen Ausführungsformen vorhanden.In the variant shown in FIG. 5, the baffle plate 18A is concave. Furthermore, the combustion chamber 24, which surrounds the heat shield 8 on the outside, is indicated in this figure. Such a combustion chamber 24 is also present in the other embodiments.
Bei der in Fig. 6 dargestellten Variante ist die Prallscheibe 18D konvex, d. h. mit einer der Zerstäuberdüse 2 entgegen gerichteten Wölbung ausgebildet.In the variant shown in Fig. 6, the baffle plate 18D is convex, i. H. formed with a curvature directed towards the atomizer nozzle 2.
Bei der in Fig. 7 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist die Prallscheibe 18C konisch ausgebildet. In einer weiteren nicht dargestellten Variante kann die Spitze des Konus auch der Zerstäuberdüse 2 entgegen gerichtet sein.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the baffle plate 18C is conical. In a further variant, not shown, the tip of the cone can also be directed towards the atomizing nozzle 2.
Bei allen dargestellten Ausführungsformen ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Verhältnis des axialen Abstand der Prallscheibe 18, 18A, 18B, 18C bzw. 18D vom Zerstäubungspunkt P (siehe Fig. 1) etwa zwischen 0,3 und 0,6 liegt. Ebenso ist es bei allen dargestellten Ausführungsformen vorteilhaft, wenn das Verhältnis des Durchmessers der Prallscheibe 18, 18A, 18B, 18C bzw. 18D zum Durchmesser der Brennkammer 24 bzw. zum Durchmesser des in der Brennkammer 24 angeordneten Hitzeschildes 8 etwa zwischen 0,6 und 0,9 liegt. Bei diesen Zahlenverhältnissen haben sich in der Praxis die besten Verbrennungsergebnisse gezeigt. In all of the illustrated embodiments, it is advantageous if the ratio of the axial distance of the baffle plate 18, 18A, 18B, 18C or 18D from the atomization point P (see FIG. 1) is approximately between 0.3 and 0.6. It is also advantageous in all of the illustrated embodiments if the ratio of the diameter of the baffle plate 18, 18A, 18B, 18C or 18D to the diameter of the combustion chamber 24 or to the diameter of the heat shield 8 arranged in the combustion chamber 24 is approximately between 0.6 and 0 , 9 lies. With these numerical ratios, the best combustion results have been shown in practice.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
2 Zerstäubereinrichtung (Zerstäuberdüse)2 atomizing device (atomizing nozzle)
4 luftleitende Einrichtung4 air guiding device
6 Brennstoffzufuhrleitung6 fuel supply line
8 Hitzeschild8 heat shield
10 Bohrungen10 holes
12 Flansch12 flange
14 Dralleinrichtung14 swirl device
16 Glüheinrichtung16 glow device
18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D Prallscheibe18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D baffle
20 Kragen20 collars
22 Befestigungslaschen22 fastening straps
24 Brennkammer24 combustion chamber
26 Flammrohr26 flame tube
28 Startkammer28 starting chamber
30 Bohrung30 hole
32 Schlitz32 slot
34 Durchgangsbohrung 34 through hole

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Zerstäuberbrenner für ein Fahrzeug-Heizgerät, mit einer einen Staukörper (18) enthaltenden Brennkammer (24) sowie mit einer1. atomizer burner for a vehicle heater, with a baffle (18) containing combustion chamber (24) and with one
Brennstoff in die Brennkammer zerstäubenden Zerstäubereinrichtung (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb der Brennkammer (24) in Zerstäubungsrichtung des Brennstoffes in einem Abstand vom Zerstäubungspunkt (P) der Zerstäubereinrichtung (2), der kleiner als der Durchmesser der Brennkammer (24) oder der Durchmesser eines zylindrischen, sich in der Brennkammer (24) erstreckenden Hitzeschildes (8) ist, eine als Staukörper wirkende Prallscheibe (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) vorgesehen ist.Atomizer device (2) atomizing fuel into the combustion chamber, characterized in that within the combustion chamber (24) in the direction of atomization of the fuel at a distance from the atomization point (P) of the atomizer device (2) which is smaller than the diameter of the combustion chamber (24) or Diameter of a cylindrical heat shield (8) extending in the combustion chamber (24), a baffle plate (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) acting as a bluff body is provided.
2. Zerstäuberbrenner nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallscheibe (18C) konisch ist.2. Atomizer burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle plate (18C) is conical.
3. Zerstäuberbrenner nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallscheibe (18B) konvex ist.3. Atomizer burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle plate (18B) is convex.
4. Zerstäuberbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallscheibe (18A) konkav ist.4. Atomizer burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle plate (18A) is concave.
5. Zerstäuberbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallscheibe (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) als5. Atomizer burner according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the baffle plate (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) as
Scheibe mit einem Kragen (20) entgegen der Zerstäubungsrichtung des Brennstoffes ausgebildet ist, so daß sie einen zur Zerstäubereinrichtung (2) hin offenenTopf bildet.Disc is formed with a collar (20) against the direction of atomization of the fuel so that it forms a pot open to the atomizing device (2).
6. Zerstäuberbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis des Durchmessers der Prallscheibe (18) zum Durchmesser der Brennkammer (24) bzw. zum Durchmesser eines in der Brennkammer (24) angeordneten Hitzeschildes (8) zwischen 0,6 und 0,9 liegt.6. Atomizer burner according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ratio of the diameter of the baffle plate (18) to the diameter of the combustion chamber (24) or to the diameter of a heat shield (8) arranged in the combustion chamber (24) is between 0.6 and 0.9.
7. Zerstäuberbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis des axialen Abstands der7. atomizer burner according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ratio of the axial distance of the
Prallscheibe (18) vom Zerstäubungspunkt (P) zum Brennkammerdurchmesser zwischen 0,3 und 0,6 liegt.Baffle plate (18) from the atomization point (P) to the combustion chamber diameter is between 0.3 and 0.6.
8. Zerstäuberbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallscheibe (18) Öffnungen in Form von8. Atomizer burner according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the baffle plate (18) openings in the form of
Schlitzen (32) und/oder Bohrungen (30) aufweist.Has slots (32) and / or bores (30).
9. Zerstäuberbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallscheibe (18D) als Ring ausgebildet ist.9. Atomizer burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the baffle plate (18D) is designed as a ring.
10. Zerstäuberbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Prallscheibe (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) eine Kammer (28) angeordnet ist, in die eine Glüheinrichtung (16) hineinragt.10. Atomizer burner according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a chamber (28) is arranged on the baffle plate (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D), into which a glow device (16) protrudes.
11. Zerstäuberbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallscheibe (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) aus hochlegiertem Stahl besteht.11. Atomizer burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the baffle plate (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) consists of high-alloy steel.
12. Zerstäuberbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallscheibe (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) aus12. Atomizer burner according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the baffle plate (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D)
Keramik besteht.Ceramic is made.
13. Zerstäuberbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prallscheibe (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) aus keramikbeschichtetem Stahl besteht. 13. Atomizer burner according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the baffle plate (18, 18A, 18B, 18C, 18D) consists of ceramic-coated steel.
EP01940336A 2000-04-17 2001-04-17 Atomizing burner for a heating device of a vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP1192391B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10019198A DE10019198A1 (en) 2000-04-17 2000-04-17 Atomizing burner especially for stand-alone heater in motor vehicle has impingement plate located inside combustion chamber in fuel atomizing direction and in flame zone, and provided with collar to form approximate shape of cup
DE10019198 2000-04-17
PCT/EP2001/004336 WO2001079755A1 (en) 2000-04-17 2001-04-17 Atomizing burner for a heating device of a vehicle

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP1192391A1 true EP1192391A1 (en) 2002-04-03
EP1192391B1 EP1192391B1 (en) 2004-08-25

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EP01940336A Expired - Lifetime EP1192391B1 (en) 2000-04-17 2001-04-17 Atomizing burner for a heating device of a vehicle

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US (1) US6644959B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1192391B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003531353A (en)
KR (1) KR100786146B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1140426C (en)
DE (2) DE10019198A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001079755A1 (en)

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US20020136997A1 (en) 2002-09-26
CN1140426C (en) 2004-03-03
DE10019198A1 (en) 2001-10-18
DE50103379D1 (en) 2004-09-30
WO2001079755A1 (en) 2001-10-25
EP1192391B1 (en) 2004-08-25
KR100786146B1 (en) 2007-12-18
JP2003531353A (en) 2003-10-21
US6644959B2 (en) 2003-11-11
CN1366594A (en) 2002-08-28
KR20020023958A (en) 2002-03-29

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