DE10210034B4 - Mobile heater with a fuel supply - Google Patents

Abstract

Use of a firing device (14) with a venturi tube (98) as a fuel feed line (54), through which either gaseous or liquid fuel is supplied, to a mobile heater (10) for a vehicle.

Description

Background of the invention

The The invention relates to the use of a combustion device and a mobile heater, especially for a vehicle, with a fuel supply, by means of a Burning device optionally gaseous or more fluid Fuel are supplied can. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle with such mobile heater.

mobile heaters of this type are referred to as so-called additional air heater or auxiliary water heater in vehicles, such as passenger cars, commercial vehicles, buses or ships, and especially for camping and caravan vehicles and motorhomes used. They are usually used for heating a vehicle compartment or for preheating of cooling water an internal combustion engine.

One mobile heater, whose combustion device optionally gaseous or liquid fuel are supplied can make its user independent of a local energy supply and allow him to be able to use several different types of fuel to heat his vehicle. In particular, a freely selectable Operation with a liquid Fuel, such as diesel, and a gaseous fuel, such as propane or butane, may be possible.

In Connection with a water cycle is basically a considerable one with such mobile heaters Improvement of the air conditioning and the heating comfort of the mentioned Vehicles possible. The disadvantage of today's mobile heaters, however, that these only expensive between a business with liquid or gaseous Refurbished fuel can be.

Out DE 100 24 566 C1 is a mobile heating system, in particular for motor vehicles, known, which is provided with two fuel storage and a combustion device, which is designed for operation with gaseous and / or liquid fuels. To supply the combustor, a switching arrangement is provided with which the fuel instead of gaseous and liquid fuel can be supplied. In DE 100 24 566 C1 However, there is no indication as to how the combustion device itself is to be formed.

Out 197 40 062 A1 is a heating arrangement in a motor vehicle known with internal combustion engine, in which an auxiliary heater or a heater or part of the auxiliary or auxiliary heating as a modular component is formed, which at vehicle-specific interfaces the heating arrangement is arranged or connected and optionally is interchangeable with another such modular component. In this way, an individual original or subsequent design a heating arrangement in a particular motor vehicle under be possible with regard to the fuel mode.

Out DE 36 04 314 A1 is known a heater that can be converted without significant conversion measures from a liquid fuel operation to a gaseous fuel operation. For this purpose, a gas burner conversion kit is provided on the heater, which is used instead of a burner operated with liquid fuel in the combustion chamber. This gas burner conversion kit expediently forms the rear wall of the combustion chamber of the heater. Further, the gas burner conversion kit includes a gas mixing device to which combustion air is supplied from a combustion air blower. The gas mixing device is in the form of a pot-shaped housing, on which a supply line section is provided, are passed through the primary combustion air and gas. Alternatively, the gas mixing device may be formed by an injector mounted on a lid forming the rear wall of the combustion chamber. An injector body of the injector includes an injector section, an adjoining venturi section and a diffuser section.

Out DE 44 17 538 A1 For example, a combustion chamber with self-ignition of a gas turbine group is known, which is arranged between a first turbine and a second turbine. In the combustion chamber, an exhaust gas flow of the first turbine is introduced and post-combusted there in order to pass on to the second turbine. The combustion chamber is designed with a premixing zone in the form of a venturi-shaped channel. In the premixing zone, a gaseous and / or liquid fuel can be injected as secondary flow into the gaseous main flow.

Out DE 70 12 627 U1 is a fan burner for liquid or gaseous fuels is known in which the mouth of a mixing tube on the outlet side no longer cylindrically ends or tapers, but the mouth of the mixing tube is formed at the outlet side in the form of a Laval nozzle.

Out DE 195 47 913 A1 For example, a burner is known for a heat generator which is designed as a double-cone burner and therefore has a conical cavity, is injected into the liquid fuel through a fuel nozzle. Gaseous fuel, in contrast, is supplied through injection openings.

Out DE 198 03 879 C1 a dual fuel burner of a stationary gas turbine is known in which a spray nozzle generates a diverging pointed cone. The pointed cone strikes the inner surface of an annular nebulizer lip. In the Zer atomizer lip is a channel through which gaseous fuel can be supplied. The channel is therefore in the flow direction in front of the atomizer nozzle.

Out DE 44 24 599 A1 a double-cone burner is known in which liquid and gaseous fuel are supplied through different channels of a fuel lance.

Out WO 01/79755 A1 a vehicle heater with a fuel supply is known, is supplied to the atomizing fuel. The fuel to be atomized is of course liquid, and there is no question of an operation of the heater with a gaseous fuel.

Out US 3,749,548 A is a combustion chamber similar to the one in WO 01/79755 A1 described heater known. The combustion chamber also has only one fuel line for spraying liquid fuel.

Out GB 703 431 A is only an annular channel known as fuel supply.

Out US 4,125,360 A an evaporator burner is known, which can be operated alternatively with gas or oil. For this purpose, a fuel nozzle with a mixing chamber is arranged in front of a Venturi element.

Out US 5,345,768 A For example, a bi-fuel burner with a premixer is known in which gaseous fuel is supplied through an injection plane around an inner liquid fuel injection needle. Behind the premixing a Venturi tube is arranged. Further, an external gaseous fuel supply passage is provided.

Underlying task

Of the Invention is based on the object, a vehicle with a heater of the beginning mentioned type to improve so that essentially without additional activities an alternative operation with both a liquid and a gaseous fuel allows is.

Inventive solution

These Task is according to the invention with the use a combustion device according to claim 1, a mobile heater 3, a mobile heater according to claim 8 and a vehicle according to claim 15 solved. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The vehicle according to the invention and its heater based on the knowledge that with a skilful design the burner of a heater this even without consuming Remodeling or replacement measures on components or modules optionally liquid or gaseous fuel supplied can be. At the same time can be excellent for both types of fuel combustion quality guaranteed become.

In order to implement this knowledge in a cost-effective mass-produced product, significant changes or improvements have been made according to the invention on a plurality of elements of a combustion device. As a starting point, a firing device has been selected, as described in the non-prepublished German patent application DE 101 44 408.7 is described. The combustor is designed as a Zersträubungsbrenner, which is basically known for operation with liquid fuels. According to the invention, a Venturi tube of such a sputtering burner is adapted to the fact that gaseous fuel can also be supplied to it. Surprisingly, it has been shown that the gaseous fuel burns excellently in the atomizing burner.

alternative or additionally is in a heater according to the invention to a venturi tubes a atomizing burner formed around an annular space, are fed through the gaseous fuel can. Alternatively, it can be more fluid Fuel through the Venturi tube self supplied become. Also with this heater The operating mode can be changed without the need for a conversion would.

Finally is provided in a heater according to the invention, that this with a Venturi nozzle is provided, in front of which a grid extends transversely. This inexpensive and has simple grating, especially during operation of the burner with a gaseous Fuel, having a positive impact on the premixing of fuel the supplied Primary air. this leads to in turn to improved combustion quality. The grid allows it may, that conventional Venturi burners without conversion measures with good combustion values optionally with a liquid or gaseous Fuel can be operated.

The inventive design of a heater on a vehicle offers a variety of new and innovative uses. in particular Especially in the camping, caravan and motorhome market new fields of application are open. Thus, the user of the heater, for example, independent of supply bottlenecks of individual fuels, such as some exist abroad. In conjunction with a water heating circuit, a significant improvement in the heating of vehicle spaces is possible. So z. B. Heizungskonvektoren be arranged in all sections of the vehicle. This ensures a uniform heating of the vehicle compartment and prevents condensation. In the heating circuit can also be integrated a floor heating system and a domestic water heater.

Advantageous developments the invention

at an advantageous embodiment of the invention is the Venturi tube with an inner diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm, in particular of 1.5 mm educated. This dimensioning of a venturi tube has proved to be particularly suitable after intensive investigations and at the same time simple design for operation with today's Vehicles usual Fuel supply systems proved. The sizing is in particular to the pressure conditions when feeding from both liquid as well as gaseous Fuel adjusted.

at a heater with an annulus on the venturi tube let yourself the mixing of the supplied Gases and supplied primary air Continue to improve by moving in the direction of flow of the gaseous Fuel behind the annulus at least one oblique to the direction of the venturi tube extending Gas channel is formed.

to further optimization and improved treatment of the burned Gases should the combustion device of the heating devices according to the invention advantageous with spiral grooves for feeding of primary air be provided, and the gaseous Fuel should, in particular by the at least one aslant extending gas channel, at the exit of the swirl grooves for primary air in these are introduced.

The arranged in the heater according to the invention Lattice is particularly advantageous as a close-meshed metal mesh, especially made of brass. The grid leads to a relatively strong Stowage effect and therefore a special long mixing of the fuel gases in front of the combustion chamber. Brass is particularly suitable for manufacturing of a finely divided network or grid and may, moreover as a sufficiently temperature resistant material over the Service life of the heater to withstand the high temperatures at the combustion chamber.

Brief description of the drawings

following Become embodiments of a heater according to the invention the attached schematic drawings closer explained. It shows:

1 a schematic diagram of a heater according to the invention with a fuel supply for liquid or gaseous fuel,

2 a longitudinal section of a combustion device of a heater according to the invention, are illustrated on the essential elements according to the invention,

3 an overall perspective view of a combustor of a first embodiment of a heater according to the invention according to III-III in 2 .

4 a perspective view of a rear side member of the combustor according to IV-IV in 3 .

5 an overall perspective view of a combustion device of a second embodiment of a heater according to the invention according to VV in 2 .

6 a perspective view of a rear side member of the combustor according to VI-VI in 5 .

7 a perspective view of a first item of the back member according to VII-VII in 6 , and

8th a perspective view of a second item of the rear component according to VIII-VIII in 6 ,

Detailed description the embodiments

In 1 is a heater 10 illustrated in longitudinal section, the essential components of a combustion air blower 12 , a distillery 14 with a glow plug or flame guard 16 at a combustion chamber 18 and a heat exchanger 20 for a liquid heat carrier.

The heater 10 is with a fuel supply 22 coupled, by means of the burner 14 Both gaseous fuel in the form of propane and liquid fuel can be supplied in the form of diesel.

The fuel supply 22 has a partial area for the gas supply, the "on-site" to a liquid container 24 for LPG with a bottle stop valve 26 and a pressure regulator 28 connected. At a gas connection 30 begins the actual gas supply of the heater 10 with a gas pipe 32 in which a filter successively in the flow direction of the gas 34 , a device shut-off valve 36 , a power control valve 38 and a throttle 40 are arranged. To the power control valve 38 and the throttle 40 extends a parallel line 42 in which a throttle 44 is arranged.

In the flow direction behind the junction of the parallel line 42 in the gas line 32 is at this a gas pressure switch 46 connected as well as a first Sicherheitsabsperrventil 48 and a second safety shut-off valve 50 connected in series. At a node behind it 52 ends the gas line 32 , A fuel supply line 54 leads from the junction 52 out to the burner 14 of the heater 10 ,

For supplying diesel to the heater 10 is a diesel connection 56 provided, to which by a diesel pump, not shown, from a tank diesel fuel can be promoted. From the diesel connection 56 leads a diesel pipeline 58 to a throttle 60 and on to a damper 62 , With the throttle 60 the fuel volume flow generated by a metering pump, not shown, is limited to the maximum heating power of the heater. The downstream throttle 62 reduces existing pressure surges in the fuel supply line and allows a uniform flow of fuel. In the flow direction behind this damper 62 is a changeover valve "diesel operation" 64 in the diesel line 58 arranged. The diesel pipeline 58 ends at the junction 52 from where the fuel supply line 54 depending on the heater variant, either in the form of a single tube as a gas-diesel line or in the form of two separate pipes as a gas line and as a diesel line to the burner 14 of the heater 10 leads.

On the heater 10 are as further connections a combustion air line 66 with an intake silencer 68 and a combustion air pressure switch 70 (Negative pressure), alternatively or additionally a combustion air pressure monitor 72 (Overpressure), a heat carrier supply line 74 , a heat carrier discharge, not shown, and an exhaust gas discharge 76 with an exhaust silencer 78 connected.

Two electrical switches 80 and 82 are with the heater 10 operationally coupled, of which a first switch 80 for switching the entire heater on and off 10 serves and the second switch 82 switching between diesel fuel operation and propane gas operation.

In 2 is the burning device 14 with her glow plug or flame guard 16 and the combustion chamber 18 illustrated in more detail.

The combustion chamber 18 is of a substantially cylindrical combustion tube 84 limited, inside a baffle plate 86 is arranged. A support disk 88 stands out in relation to 2 left end of the combustion tube 84 inside. In the support disk 88 are distributed over the circumference several openings 90 formed distributed regularly, by the secondary air during operation of the burner by means of the combustion air blower 12 in the combustion chamber 18 can be promoted.

At the support disk 88 is an outside substantially circular cylindrical nozzle or a Venturi nozzle 92 held for an atomizing burner, in the center of which a to the combustion chamber 18 opening funnel-shaped opening 93 is trained. Such a nozzle 92 is in the non-prepublished German patent application DE 101 44 408.7 described. Am related to 2 left end of the nozzle block 92 is a clamp or cap 94 postponed. At the clip 94 is a fuel supply assembly 96 from, into the 3 to 8th two variants are illustrated.

In 2 are both variants of this fuel supply module 96 Simplified together.

In this case, an arrow A illustrates a first variant, in which both diesel fuel and propane gas through a single tube of a fuel supply line 54 to a specially designed Venturiröhrchen 98 be encouraged.

The arrow A together with an arrow B illustrates a second variant in which the diesel fuel is separated from the propane gas by two tubes of a fuel supply line 54 to the burner 14 is directed. These two pipes are used alternatively. The diesel fuel is passed through a Venturi tube 98 fed. The propane gas is injected via one in the fuel delivery assembly 96 trained annulus 100 fed, from which it by several obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the burner 14 running gas channels 102 at the end of swirl grooves 104 exits into a primary air flow. The swirl grooves 104 are on the face of the nozzle block 92 arranged regularly distributed over the circumference and extend obliquely-radially from outside to inside the funnel-shaped opening 93 in the nozzle 92 , Through the swirl grooves 104 is the primary air with the help of the combustion air blower 12 promoted.

At the combustion chamber 18 facing Face of the nozzle block 92 is in front of its funnel-shaped opening 93 a close-meshed grid 106 made of brass substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the burner 14 arranged.

The in the funnel-shaped opening 93 of the nozzle block 92 introduced liquid or gaseous fuel mixes with the primary air to a combustible mixture. In front of the grid 106 the mixture is dammed up and further mixed due to the inflowing fuel and the inflowing primary air. The mixture passes through the grid 106 in the combustion chamber 18 where there is the glow pin or flame guard 16 can be ignited and burned.

In 3 and 4 is the first variant of a burner 14 Figure 5 illustrates both the liquid and the gaseous fuel through one and the same specially designed venturi tube 98 can be supplied.

At the firing device 14 is the fuel delivery assembly 96 with the help of two pins 108 and a spring plate 110 together with the nozzle 92 on the support disk 88 attached. The fuel delivery assembly 96 is with a gas-diesel feed disc 112 designed in the two holes 114 for passing the pins 108 are formed. On the side facing the gas-diesel feed disc 112 is a jetty 116 formed, which is substantially diametrically across the gas-diesel feed disc 112 extends. At the footbridge 116 is a tubular gas-diesel feed line 118 the fuel supply line 54 connected. Inside the jetty 116 extends into 4 dashed channel 117 leading to the Venturi tube 98 leads. The Venturi tube 116 is on the inside of the gas-diesel feed disc 112 in the direction of the funnel-shaped opening 93 of the nozzle block 92 and is designed with an inner diameter d of 1.5 mm, which is specially designed for the pressure ratios for the optional supply of diesel fuel or propane gas.

In 5 to 8th is the second variant of a burning device 14 illustrated in which diesel fuel and propane gas can be supplied through separate lines. The fuel delivery assembly 96 is in this variant with a two-part disc in the form of a gas feed disc 120 and a diesel feed disc 122 is designed. On these discs 120 and 122 each is a single tubular gas inlet 124 and a diesel supply line 126 connected.

The two discs 120 and 122 are juxtaposed with the help of pins 108 and fasteners screwed thereon 128 in the form of nuts together with a conventional nozzle 92 on the support disk 88 attached.

At the nozzle 92 facing side of the diesel feed disc 122 is a conventional venturi tube 98 off, by a jetty 116 on the side facing away from the diesel feed disc 122 Diesel fuel can be supplied. The jetty 116 extends at the particular in 7 illustrated diesel delivery disc 122 essentially only to the middle of the disc 122 , To the end of the bridge 116 around the center are the diesel feed disc 122 several gas openings or gas channels 102 oblique to the longitudinal axis of the Venturi tube 98 educated. These gas channels 102 are also in 2 illustrated.

In the gas feed disc 120 is a radially inwardly projecting groove 130 formed in the assembled with discs 120 and 122 the jetty 116 is included. The fit between the bridge 116 and the 130 Groove is designed gas-tight. In the center of the gas feed disc 120 is at the the diesel feed disk 122 facing side of the above-mentioned annulus or annular channel 100 trained, who also in 2 is illustrated. A hole 132 passes through the gas supply disc 120 from outside to inside substantially tangentially to the lateral surface of the annular space 100 , At the hole 134 is the gas supply line 124 connected.

In the assembled state of the two discs 120 and 122 can through the gas supply line 124 and the hole 134 Gas in the annulus 100 be supplied. The gas comes from the annulus 100 through the gas channels 102 over the outer circumference of the Venturi tube 98 distributed on the diesel feed disc 122 out (see 6 ). It arrives at this exit into the swirl grooves 104 where it is mixed with the supplied primary air (see 2 ).

10

heater

12

Combustion air fan

14

burning device

16

Glow plug or flame Sensor

18

combustion chamber

20

Heat exchanger

22

fuel supply

24

Liquid container or LPG tank

26

Flaschenabsperrventil

28

pressure regulator

30

gas connection

32

gas pipe

34

filter

36

an appliance

38

Power control valve

40

throttle

42

parallel line

44

throttle

46

Gas pressure switch

48

first Safety Shut

50

second Safety Shut

52

junction

54

fuel supply line

56

diesel connection

58

diesel line

60

throttle

62

damper

64

switching valve diesel operation

66

Combustion air line

68

intake silencer

70

Combustion air pressure monitor (negative pressure)

72

Combustion air pressure monitor (overpressure)

74

Heat transfer fluid in

76

Flue gas discharge

78

exhaust silencer

80

first switch

82

second switch

84

combustion tube

86

baffle plate

88

support disc

90

openings

92

nozzle or Venturi nozzle

93

funnel-shaped opening

94

clip

96

Brennstoffzuführbaugruppe

98

venturi tubes

100

annulus

102

gas channel

104

rifling

106

grid

108

pencils

110

spring plate

112

Gas-diesel feed disk

114

holes

116

web

117

channel

118

Gas-diesel supply

120

Gas feed disk

122

Diesel feed disk

124

Gas supply line

126

Diesel supply line

128

fasteners

130

groove

132

drilling

Claims (15)

Use of a firing device ( 14 ) with a venturi tube ( 98 ) as fuel supply ( 54 ), through which either gaseous or liquid fuel is supplied, to a mobile heater ( 10 ) for a vehicle. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the Venturi tube ( 98 ) is formed with an inner diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm, in particular of 1.5 mm. Mobile heater ( 10 ), in particular for a vehicle, with a fuel supply ( 22 ), by means of which a firing device ( 14 ) optionally gaseous or liquid fuel can be supplied, characterized in that the combustion device ( 14 ) with a venturi tube ( 98 ) is formed, through which the liquid fuel can be supplied, and to the Venturi tube ( 98 ) around an annulus ( 100 ) is formed, through which the gaseous fuel can be supplied and the combustion device ( 14 ) each having obliquely-radially extending swirl grooves ( 104 ) is provided for supplying primary air, wherein the gaseous fuel at the exit of the spiral grooves ( 104 ) can be introduced into the primary air. Mobile heater according to claim 3, characterized in that in the flow direction of the gaseous fuel behind the annulus ( 100 ) at least one obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the Venturiröhrchens ( 98 ) extending gas channel ( 102 ) is trained. Mobile heater according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the gaseous fuel through the at least one obliquely extending gas channel ( 102 ) is introduced into the primary air. Mobile heater according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the combustion device ( 14 ) with a substantially in the flow direction of fuel gases in front of the venturi tube ( 98 ) Venturi nozzle ( 92 ) is formed, in front of which a combustion chamber ( 18 ) and at the transition from the venturi ( 92 ) to the combustion chamber ( 18 ) substantially transversely to the flow direction of the fuel gases a grid ( 106 ) is arranged. Mobile heater according to claim 6, characterized in that the grid ( 106 ) is tightly meshed. Mobile heater ( 10 ), in particular for a vehicle, with a fuel supply ( 22 ), by means of which a firing device ( 14 ) optionally gaseous or liquid fuel can be supplied, wherein the combustion device ( 14 ) with a Venturi nozzle ( 92 ), in front of which in the flow direction of combustion gases a combustion chamber ( 18 ) and at the transition from the venturi ( 92 ) to the combustion chamber ( 18 ) substantially transversely to the flow direction of the fuel gases a grid ( 106 ) is arranged, and wherein at the Venturi nozzle ( 92 ) a venturi tube ( 98 ) is formed, through which in operation either the gaseous or the liquid fuel is supplied. Mobile heater according to claim 8, characterized in that the venturi tube ( 98 ) is formed with an inner diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm, in particular of 1.5 mm. Mobile heater according to claim 8, characterized in that around the venturi tube ( 98 ) around an annulus ( 100 ) is formed, through which the gaseous fuel is supplied. Mobile heater according to claim 10, characterized in that in the flow direction of the gaseous fuel behind the annulus ( 100 ) at least one obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the Venturiröhrchens ( 98 ) extending gas channel ( 102 ) is trained. Mobile heater according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the firing device ( 14 ) with swirl grooves ( 104 ) is provided for supplying primary air, and the gaseous fuel, in particular by the at least one obliquely extending gas channel ( 102 ), at the exit of the spiral grooves ( 104 ) for primary air in these can be introduced. Mobile heater according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the grid ( 106 ) is tightly meshed. Mobile heater according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that with the fuel supply ( 22 ) Circuit means ( 36 . 38 . 64 . 82 ) for selectively supplying the combustor ( 14 ) can be coupled with gaseous and / or liquid fuel. Vehicle with a mobile heater ( 10 ) according to any one of claims 3 to 14.