EP1183460A1 - Dispositif d'injection a element d'actionnement servant a la commande de la course d'un pointeau - Google Patents

Dispositif d'injection a element d'actionnement servant a la commande de la course d'un pointeau

Info

Publication number
EP1183460A1
EP1183460A1 EP01919135A EP01919135A EP1183460A1 EP 1183460 A1 EP1183460 A1 EP 1183460A1 EP 01919135 A EP01919135 A EP 01919135A EP 01919135 A EP01919135 A EP 01919135A EP 1183460 A1 EP1183460 A1 EP 1183460A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
control
nozzle needle
injection
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01919135A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1183460B1 (fr
Inventor
Nestor Rodriguez-Amaya
Roger Potschin
Ulrich Projahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1183460A1 publication Critical patent/EP1183460A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1183460B1 publication Critical patent/EP1183460B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/10—Other injectors with multiple-part delivery, e.g. with vibrating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/365—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages valves being actuated by the fluid pressure produced in an auxiliary pump, e.g. pumps with differential pistons; Regulated pressure of supply pump actuating a metering valve, e.g. a sleeve surrounding the pump piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F02M61/205—Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0005—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0059—Arrangements of valve actuators
    • F02M63/0061—Single actuator acting on two or more valve bodies

Definitions

  • Injection device with an actuator for needle stroke control
  • the invention relates to an injection device with an actuator for needle stroke control in order to implement a variable opening pressure of the nozzle needle.
  • Injection devices of this type are preferably used on fuel injection devices on internal combustion engines of motor vehicles.
  • An injector for an injection system on internal combustion engines is known from EP 0 823 549 A2.
  • two control valves are arranged one behind the other and are controlled by a magnet.
  • the activation of one of the two valves inevitably results in the actuation of the further valve.
  • the advantage of this solution is the pressure balance of the needle control valve in all operating conditions;
  • the disadvantage of this solution is that the lifting processes of the two valves connected in series cannot be decoupled from the solution according to EP 0 823 549 A2. This in turn considerably limits the possibilities of influencing the course of the injection pressure. With the solution according to EP 0 823 549 A2, it is difficult to adapt the injection pressure curve to the individual requirements of certain internal combustion engine designs.
  • Piezo actuators By controlling the control valves in the injector by means of a piezo actuator, solenoid valves that take up space are avoided. Piezo actuators achieve very fast valve switching times. This has a particularly positive effect at higher speeds, at which the time available for combustion is getting shorter and shorter anyway and the precise shaping of the injection pressure curve has a significant influence on the course of the combustion. Another advantage is the substantially more compact design that can be achieved by using a piezo actuator, which is made possible by a des.axi.ale arrangement of the control valve and actuator. This opens up greater freedom of design for the geometric design of such an injector.
  • the decoupling of the two control valves provided in the injector housing also allows the components to be manufactured more cost-effectively. There is no addition of manufacturing tolerances, so that the manufacturing tolerances can tend to be widened, which has a favorable influence on the manufacturing costs of the components. By widening the manufacturing tolerances, the range of variation of the individual specimens of an injector can also be reduced in a production lot.
  • the leakage losses during the injection process are completely suppressed; A leakage loss only occurs during the pressure build-up phase - when the nozzle needle is to remain closed.
  • the injection device permits a variation of the opening pressure of the nozzle needle for the pre-injection phase, the main injection phase and, if necessary, for a required post-injection phase.
  • Post-injection at an increased pressure level is possible using the pressure compensation system on one of the two control valves.
  • the absolute maximum pressure which sets one of the two control valves at the end of the main injection and the course of the pressure increase up to the maximum value can be specified in a targeted manner.
  • 1 is a general schematic diagram of the actuator control of two control valves of an injector
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the control valves, embedded in the injector housing, and an enlarged view of a compensation system on one of the two control valves and
  • Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the injector housing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a general schematic diagram of an actuator control of two control valves of an injector. It can be seen from the schematic diagram that a pump chamber 1 of an injector can be acted upon by a piston pressure, so that a high-pressure line 3 opening into the control chamber 4 of a nozzle needle 5 is supplied with fuel under high pressure.
  • the nozzle needle 5, which can be pressurized via a nozzle spring chamber 7, is movably mounted in the injector housing.
  • a throttle element 8 branches off from the needle needle spring chamber 7, via which fuel flows into a low-pressure chamber 9, for example a storage tank.
  • the high-pressure line 3 is assigned two control valves 11, 12, which are connected to one another via a coupling space 15 - shown here schematically as a line 15.
  • Each of the two control valves 11 and 12 is assigned a separate energy accumulator 13 and 14, by means of which the actuation pressures of the two control valves 11 and 12 can be set.
  • the return flow from the fuel to the low pressure chamber 9 from the first control valve 11 takes place via a return line; the return from the second control valve 12 takes place via a line opening into the nozzle needle spring chamber 7, via throttle element 8 into the low pressure chamber 9.
  • Fig. 2 shows a summary of the actuator stroke, the pressure curve in the coupling space, the stroke path curves of the first and second control valve, the injection pressure curve that occurs at different opening pressures on the control valves, and the curve of the nozzle needle stroke, each plotted over the time axis.
  • the course of the actuator stroke path 16 is reproduced over the time axis and can be divided essentially into a first stroke phase, which corresponds to the pre-injection, a longer main injection phase and a shorter post-injection phase following the main injection phase. Accordingly, a Druckyerlauf 17 occurs in the clutch chamber 15; the various curves 17.1, 17.2 and 17.3 represent the opening pressure curves for different opening pressures on the first and second control valves 11 and 12, respectively.
  • the stroke paths on the first control valve 11 and on the second control valve 12 are shown in the curves 18 and 19 respectively. From the course of the valve stroke on the first control valve 11 it can be seen that this carries both the pre-injection and the base load of the main and post-injection phases.
  • the second control valve 12 contributes to the pressure increase during the pre-injection phase, and also to the pressure increase during the main injection phase by means of the stroke curve, for example designated by 17.3.
  • the time of actuation of the second control valve 12 can be individually preselected in accordance with the opening pressures 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, so that the injection pressure curve shown in diagram 20 can be influenced individually.
  • an increase in the injection pressure that begins later can also be specified in accordance with the second injection pressure curve 20.2.
  • the opening pressure curve 17.3 on the second control valve 12 for example, the onset of the injection pressure increase according to the injection pressure curve 20.2 can be predetermined and kept variable.
  • the injection pressure curve 20 between the end of the main injection phase and the start of the post-injection phase can be modeled in accordance with the double arrow in the curve 20; depending on the dimensioning of the throttle cross section on the throttle element 8 or 29, the pressure in the nozzle needle spring chamber 7 decreases faster or slower, as a result of which the pressure curve shown is set towards the end of the main injection phase.
  • Reference number 21 denotes the course of the nozzle needle stroke, which behaves similarly to the stroke path course 19 of the second control valve 12.
  • An opening phase during the pre-injection process is followed by a main injection phase, the start of which is earlier or later depending on the set opening pressure.
  • the nozzle needle 5 closes again and opens after a period of time in order to release a post-injection of fuel into the combustion chamber.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the injector housing 25 according to the section IV-IV shown in FIG. 6.
  • control bore 24 and the high-pressure line 3 are shown, which run adjacent to the control valves 11 and 12 also provided in the injector housing 25.
  • the geometrical arrangement allows an extremely compact design to be achieved in the lower section of the injector housing 25.
  • the control valves 11 and 12 are surrounded by a coupling space 15, which is here however, the two control valves 11, 12 are only shown schematically interconnecting.
  • FIG 5 shows an enlarged representation of the two control valves 11 and 12, let into the injector housing, and an enlarged view of a compensation system on one of the two control valves.
  • nozzle spring chamber 7 which is only shown schematically without the spring element contained therein, two control valves 11, 12 lying side by side are shown. At their upper ends, the two control valves 11, 12 are connected to one another with a coupling space 15.
  • the high-pressure bore 3 runs between the two control valves 11 and 12, while the control bore 24 is shown folded out to the side for reasons of better representation.
  • the nozzle needle spring chamber 7 is assigned a throttle element 29 in the outflow line to the low-pressure chamber 9, which can be designed with a fixed cross section or with an adjustable cross section.
  • Return lines 27 and 28 are assigned to the first control valve 11 into the low-pressure chamber 9, while a bypass 37 opens into the control bore 24 from the control chamber, which surrounds the second control valve 12, according to the detail Z.
  • the return line 30 leads from the second control valve 12 into the low-pressure chamber 9, but according to FIG. 5 without the interposition of a throttle element.
  • the compensation system 34 on the second control valve 12 is shown on an enlarged scale.
  • the control part 33 executed in the diameter di, there is a bore 31 into which a compensating piston 32 of the diameter d 2 is let.
  • the bore 31 opens into a narrowed bore 35, which in turn is connected to a transverse bore 36 in the control part 33.
  • This transverse bore 36 opens at both ends at the lower part of the control chamber surrounding the control part 33 of the second control valve 12.
  • a bypass 37 branches off from the control chamber, which connects the control chamber to the control bore 24, which in turn opens into the nozzle needle spring chamber 7.
  • the control part 33 is designed with a diameter d 3 .
  • control valve 12 can be easily operated even under very high pressure. This makes it possible to maintain increased pressure in the closed state of the nozzle needle 5 on the nozzle needle 5 by increased pressure on the back of the nozzle needle; the pressure already built up does not have to be reduced again for a possible post-injection, so that post-injection is shown in accordance with diagrams 21 and 19 2 again possible at the higher pressure level towards the end of the main injection.
  • Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through an injector.
  • the pump chamber 1 acted upon by the piston 2 opens into the high pressure line 3 according to FIG. 1.
  • the high-pressure line 3 in turn opens into the control chamber 4 surrounding the nozzle needle 5; the injection nozzle 6 in turn opens into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the nozzle needle 5 in turn is acted upon by a compression spring shown in the nozzle needle spring chamber 7.
  • the control valves 11 and 12 are shown, of which only one is shown in longitudinal section for reasons of clarity.
  • the return lines 27, 28 and 30, respectively, starting from the respective control valves 11 and 12, open into a ring-shaped cavity provided on the injector 25, from which the fuel flows back into the storage tank.
  • control valves 11 and 12 are switched in sequence for the sequence of the injection processes, the different opening pressures of the control valves 11 and 12 being able to be provided either by differently dimensioned energy stores 13, 14, for example in the form of helical springs. As an alternative to this, until the control valves 11 or 12 close, different fuel volumes can be released by them, which are then compensated for again by means of the actuator piston 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif servant à l'injection de carburant haute pression dans un moteur thermique. Un injecteur (25) comprend un chambre de compression (1) à partir de laquelle une conduite haute pression (3) débouche dans une chambre de commande (4) d'un pointeau d'injecteur (5). De plus, l'injecteur (25) comprend deux soupapes de commande (11, 12) qui sont reliées côté sortie aux zones (9) où la pression est la plus basse. L'une des soupapes de commande (11, 12) responsables de l'évolution de la pression d'injection (20) comprend un système d'équilibrage de pression (34) permettant de faire varier l'évolution de la pression d'injection (20) par modification de la course (23) du pointeau d'injecteur (5).
EP01919135A 2000-03-15 2001-02-22 Dispositif d'injection a element d'actionnement servant a la commande de la course d'un pointeau Expired - Lifetime EP1183460B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10012552 2000-03-15
DE10012552A DE10012552A1 (de) 2000-03-15 2000-03-15 Einspritzeinrichtung mit einem Aktor zur Nadelhubsteuerung
PCT/DE2001/000677 WO2001069076A1 (fr) 2000-03-15 2001-02-22 Dispositif d'injection a element d'actionnement servant a la commande de la course d'un pointeau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1183460A1 true EP1183460A1 (fr) 2002-03-06
EP1183460B1 EP1183460B1 (fr) 2005-11-02

Family

ID=7634776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01919135A Expired - Lifetime EP1183460B1 (fr) 2000-03-15 2001-02-22 Dispositif d'injection a element d'actionnement servant a la commande de la course d'un pointeau

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6575139B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1183460B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003527532A (fr)
CN (1) CN1364221A (fr)
BR (1) BR0105097A (fr)
DE (2) DE10012552A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001069076A1 (fr)

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US6575139B2 (en) 2003-06-10
DE10012552A1 (de) 2001-09-27
EP1183460B1 (fr) 2005-11-02
WO2001069076A1 (fr) 2001-09-20
JP2003527532A (ja) 2003-09-16
US20020113139A1 (en) 2002-08-22
CN1364221A (zh) 2002-08-14
BR0105097A (pt) 2002-02-19
DE50107893D1 (de) 2005-12-08

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