EP1180174A1 - Semelle en elastomere pour le support d'un rail de chemin de fer sur une traverse - Google Patents
Semelle en elastomere pour le support d'un rail de chemin de fer sur une traverseInfo
- Publication number
- EP1180174A1 EP1180174A1 EP00931309A EP00931309A EP1180174A1 EP 1180174 A1 EP1180174 A1 EP 1180174A1 EP 00931309 A EP00931309 A EP 00931309A EP 00931309 A EP00931309 A EP 00931309A EP 1180174 A1 EP1180174 A1 EP 1180174A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- sole according
- sole
- rail
- sleeper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
- E01B9/685—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape
- E01B9/686—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by their shape with textured surface
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an elastomer sole for the support of a railway rail on a sleeper.
- soles such as that described in the
- FR 2 630 466 of the type comprising a lower face in contact with the cross member and an upper face in contact with the rail, and at least one cavity providing a peripheral support zone for the rail shoe.
- the stiffness of these soles varies hyperbolic as a function of the support forces exerted by the rail during the passage of a train, which does not make it possible to obtain satisfactory damping of the vibrations of the rail and in particular of the audible vibrations. (500-5000 Hz) of the rail in the free state or good filtration of the high energy vibrations of the rail in the loaded state, mainly due to major faults in the rail / wheel contact.
- the present invention aims to solve this technical problem reliably and effectively by optimizing the mechanical behavior of the sole in response to rail vibrations; this optimization being carried out by acting in particular on the formulation of the elastomer and / or the geometry of the sole.
- peripheral support zone is flat and its surface is between one and ten times the surface of the internal side wall of said cavity, so that the ratio of secant stiffnesses taken respectively between static load values of 20 and 100 KN and dynamic overload values of 20 and 80 KN, is greater than or equal to 0.45.
- the secant stiffness is comparable to the slope of the straight line joining two points corresponding to the deflections measured for extreme load or overload values.
- the secant static or dynamic stiffness (which is relative to the sudden variations in loads due to shocks) is defined as being equal to the ratio of a quarter of the axle load by the deflection due to this single load therefore deducting the sinking caused by the intrinsic and permanent load of the track elements (rail, cross member, fasteners ).
- the overload corresponds to a total load resulting from the sum of the static load and the dynamic overload due to shocks.
- this ratio of secant stiffnesses corresponds to the filtering power of the sole and translates the effectiveness of filtering, when the sole is subjected to the effects resulting from major faults in the rail / wheel contact.
- said cavity is located so that the minimum stiffness is located on the median axis of the upper face so as to possibly limit the rotation of the rail under the effect of lateral forces.
- said cavity has generatrices parallel to the normal to the upper face.
- said cavity is cylindrical and opens onto the underside of the sole.
- said cavity has an axis of revolution and has an internal side wall with a curvilinear periphery and preferably oval.
- the periphery of said cavity is oval.
- said cavity has a polygonal contour.
- This specific geometry of the cavity limits the creep of the elastomer towards the interior of the cavity, which allows a saving of material.
- said sole is made with an elastomeric material whose elasticity modulus is substantially stable over a temperature range between 0 ° C and 40 ° C.
- the depth of said cavity represents at least 80% of the total thickness.
- said cavity is unique and centered on the upper face.
- the sole has six cavities.
- the thickness of the sole is between 4 and 12 mm, and preferably between 7 and 9 mm.
- the sole of the invention provides a significant reduction in the air noise generated by the vibrations of the rail during the passage of trains compared to known resilient soles of the fluted or studded type.
- This weakening of noise pollution is also accompanied by a reduction in the wear of track components (cross member, fasteners, ballast %) and thus allows an extension of their service life while jointly offering savings. substantial maintenance costs.
- the sole of the invention has, at low load, greater stiffness than traditional soles, which facilitates the initial operations of laying and adjusting the rail during the production of the track.
- this property allows at the same time to reduce the stresses of which the sole is the seat at rest under load, which reduces the fatigue of the sole.
- FIG. 1B to 6 show top views of various embodiments of the sole of the invention;
- FIG. 1A shows a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 1B;
- Figure 7 is a graph showing the filtering powers of the embodiments of Figures 1B to 6 and those of anterior soles.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B are graphs comparing deflections obtained under different loads with the soles according to the invention, respectively with respect to the prior art and with each other.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B show the variations of the tangential stiffness as a function of the load by comparing the soles of the invention, respectively with respect to the anterior soles and with each other.
- the sole 1 shown in Figures IB to 6 is intended to be mounted on a railway sleeper in order to support a rail (not shown).
- This sole includes an upper face 1a in contact with the rail pad and a lower face 1b in contact with the crosspiece.
- the central axis X of the sole corresponds to the normal position for supporting the rail.
- the sole comprises at least one cavity 10, preferably opening onto the underside 1b, providing a peripheral zone 11 for the support of the rail shoe, in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 5, the sole comprises a single cavity while in that of Figure 6, it has six cavities.
- the lateral edges of the sole 1 are provided with notches 12 intended to prevent or at least limit the path of the rail by cooperation with the fastening device (not shown).
- the support zone 11 is always flat and its surface is between one and ten times the surface of the internal side wall 10a of the cavity 10.
- the coefficient known as shape, corresponding to the ratio of these two surfaces, is given in the table below.
- This specific geometry makes it possible to obtain a vibration filtration power greater than or equal to 0.45 for extreme values of static load of 20 and 100KN and dynamic overload of 20 and 80KN.
- the filtration power is defined as being the ratio of the secant stiffnesses corresponding respectively to the static loads and dynamic overloads considered.
- the values obtained, according to the invention for this power, are given in the table below.
- the sole is made of an elastomeric material whose elasticity modulus is substantially stable over a temperature range between 0 ° c and 40 ° C.
- the cavity is here unique and centered on the sole 1, but more generally, this cavity is positioned so that the
- the cavity 10 is cylindrical and its internal lateral wall has generatrices parallel to the normal to the upper face 1a while its depth represents at least 80% of the total thickness of the sole 1 as shown in FIG. 1A where a veil remains 13 of material forming the bottom 10b. If necessary, this veil 13 can extend in an intermediate manner in the cavity 10, between the level of the upper and lower faces.
- the bottom 10b closes, upwards, the cavity 10, thus preventing any penetration of water or foreign particles, and ensuring, in addition, good electrical insulation of said cavity so as to avoid the appearance of an electric arc. inside the latter.
- the thickness of the sole is generally between 4 mm and 12 mm, depending on the applications envisaged.
- the embodiments exemplified here and presented in the table and the graphs correspond to respective thicknesses of 7 mm and 9 mm.
- the cavity 10 has an axis of revolution and has an internal side wall 10a whose profile is curvilinear.
- the periphery of the cavity 10 is oval while in FIGS. 2 and 3, this periphery is circular.
- the cavity 10 has a polygonal contour in rhombus and square respectively.
- the cavities have a circular peripheral edge.
- the table below gives, on the one hand, for different embodiments of the sole according to the invention, and on the other hand, for other previous soles, the corresponding values of the form coefficients and those of the filtering powers.
- the graph in FIG. 7 represents the values of the filtering power as a function of the secant static stiffness for different embodiments of the sole of the invention (dotted frame) and for the anterior soles.
- the graphs in FIGS. 8A and 8B represent the variations in deflection as a function of the load applied for different embodiments of the invention compared to anterior flanges.
- the graphs of FIGS. 9A and 9B represent the variations of the tangential stiffness compared between the different embodiments of the invention and of the anterior soles.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9906391 | 1999-05-20 | ||
FR9906391A FR2793818B1 (fr) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | Semelle en elastomere pour le support d'un rail de chemin de fer sur une traverse |
PCT/FR2000/001344 WO2000071815A1 (fr) | 1999-05-20 | 2000-05-18 | Semelle en elastomere pour le support d'un rail de chemin de fer sur une traverse |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1180174A1 true EP1180174A1 (fr) | 2002-02-20 |
EP1180174B1 EP1180174B1 (fr) | 2004-11-24 |
Family
ID=9545794
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00931309A Expired - Lifetime EP1180174B1 (fr) | 1999-05-20 | 2000-05-18 | Semelle en elastomere pour le support d'un rail de chemin de fer sur une traverse |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1180174B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE283392T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU4928900A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60016199T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2793818B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000071815A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2500660A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-02 | Tiflex Ltd | Rail pad |
ES2856000T3 (es) * | 2013-09-13 | 2021-09-27 | Schwihag Ag | Sistema que consiste de un sistema de fijación de carriles y una vía sin balasto |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2574439B1 (fr) * | 1984-12-06 | 1987-01-30 | Ressorts Ind | Semelle antivibratile pour la suspension d'un rail de chemin de fer et chausson de voie sans ballast comportant une telle semelle |
FR2630466B1 (fr) | 1988-04-22 | 1991-06-14 | Spencer Moulton Ste Fse | Semelle amortissante a base d'elastomere pour voie ferree |
DE4314578A1 (de) * | 1993-04-28 | 1994-11-03 | Udo Wirthwein | Elastische Schienenunterlage |
AT404607B (de) * | 1993-06-30 | 1999-01-25 | Porr Allg Bauges | Gleisoberbau mit schienen |
-
1999
- 1999-05-20 FR FR9906391A patent/FR2793818B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-05-18 AT AT00931309T patent/ATE283392T1/de active
- 2000-05-18 AU AU49289/00A patent/AU4928900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-05-18 WO PCT/FR2000/001344 patent/WO2000071815A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2000-05-18 DE DE60016199T patent/DE60016199T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-18 EP EP00931309A patent/EP1180174B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0071815A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000071815A1 (fr) | 2000-11-30 |
FR2793818A1 (fr) | 2000-11-24 |
FR2793818B1 (fr) | 2001-08-10 |
EP1180174B1 (fr) | 2004-11-24 |
AU4928900A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
DE60016199D1 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
ATE283392T1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
DE60016199T2 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1905896B1 (fr) | Traverse de chemin de fer | |
EP2672133B1 (fr) | Dispositif d'étanchéité de roulement de grande dimension | |
EP0959258A1 (fr) | Agencement d'étanchéité pour un roulement | |
EP0698148B1 (fr) | Dispositif de support et de calage d'un rail de chemin de fer | |
EP1180174B1 (fr) | Semelle en elastomere pour le support d'un rail de chemin de fer sur une traverse | |
EP0677127B1 (fr) | Butee isolante pour attache de rail de chemin de fer | |
EP0533645B1 (fr) | Dispositif de support pour rails de voie ferrée | |
BE1009494A6 (fr) | Dispositif de support pour rails de voie ferree. | |
BE1020703A3 (fr) | Semelle elastique de rail. | |
FR2558012A1 (fr) | Moteur electrique a collecteur et porte-balai pour un tel moteur | |
EP0860305B1 (fr) | Plancher élastique destiné notamment à un soufflet de passage | |
FR3067046A1 (fr) | Rail demontable et interchangeable contre les nuisances sonores ferroviaires. | |
FR3025813A1 (fr) | Selle de support de rail de voie ferree | |
EP0145609B1 (fr) | Platelage de passage à niveau | |
FR3068951A1 (fr) | Vehicule comprenant une lame aerodynamique fixee a un deflecteur de pare-chocs avant | |
EP1217126A1 (fr) | Voie ferrée pour véhicule guidé et appareil doté d'une telle voie ferrée | |
FR2458627A1 (fr) | Ensemble de selle d'appui pour voie de chemin de fer | |
LU84675A1 (fr) | Voie ferree perfectionnee | |
FR2865984A1 (fr) | Plancher pour soufflet d'interconnexion entre deux voitures | |
FR2742066A1 (fr) | Patin a roulettes ou a glace muni de moyens d'amortissement | |
FR2580006A1 (en) | Device for elastically fixing a rail on its support | |
FR2868673A1 (fr) | Patin de protection destine a etre fixe sous les pieds de meubles | |
FR2768036A1 (fr) | Sommier a lattes | |
WO2022229552A1 (fr) | Système d'étanchéité pour un dispositif d'accès à une infrastructure souterraine | |
FR2829211A1 (fr) | Amortisseur de vibrations et son utilisation |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20011214 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: AVON RUBBER PLC |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20041124 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20041124 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 60016199 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20041230 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: FRENCH |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050224 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050224 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050306 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: BOVARD AG PATENTANWAELTE |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20050316 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050518 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050518 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050531 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20050825 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050424 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Owner name: AVON RUBBER PLC Free format text: AVON RUBBER PLC#MANVERS HOUSE, KINGSTON ROAD#BRADFORD-ON-AVON, WILTSHIRE BA15 1AA (GB) -TRANSFER TO- AVON RUBBER PLC#MANVERS HOUSE, KINGSTON ROAD#BRADFORD-ON-AVON, WILTSHIRE BA15 1AA (GB) |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20140520 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20140529 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20140527 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20140529 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20140528 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20140529 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20140528 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20140530 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20140528 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 60016199 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 283392 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20150518 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20150518 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150531 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150518 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150531 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20150601 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20160129 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150518 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150519 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150601 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150518 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20151201 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150601 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20150531 |