EP1177607A2 - Electric machine - Google Patents

Electric machine

Info

Publication number
EP1177607A2
EP1177607A2 EP00941883A EP00941883A EP1177607A2 EP 1177607 A2 EP1177607 A2 EP 1177607A2 EP 00941883 A EP00941883 A EP 00941883A EP 00941883 A EP00941883 A EP 00941883A EP 1177607 A2 EP1177607 A2 EP 1177607A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dust collecting
brush
dust
slip ring
collecting head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00941883A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1177607B1 (en
Inventor
Günter Zwarg
Frank Beiser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Hydro Holding GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation GmbH and Co KG
Voith Hydro Holding GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation GmbH and Co KG, Voith Hydro Holding GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1177607A2 publication Critical patent/EP1177607A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1177607B1 publication Critical patent/EP1177607B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/002—Maintenance of line connectors, e.g. cleaning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/28—Cooling of commutators, slip-rings or brushes e.g. by ventilating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical machine with a slip ring and a brush holder.
  • An electrical machine is a rotating machine that either converts mechanical energy to electrical energy as a generator, or conversely converts electrical energy to mechanical energy as an electric motor.
  • the electrical machine includes a rotating rotor and a stationary stand.
  • the electrical contact between the rotor and the stator is made by brushing.
  • Such a brush is part of the stand.
  • As a spring-mounted sliding contact it conveys the current transfer to a moving machine part of the rotor, such as a collector or slip ring.
  • a brush is mounted in a brush holder and is usually a compact made of carbon, natural, electrical or metal graphite.
  • a brush is printed by a spring on a slip ring of the electrical machine.
  • the brush is slowly rubbed off by the movement of the slip ring.
  • the pressed body becomes a few to several ⁇ m smaller per operating hour.
  • the material of the compact is ground to dust.
  • the abrasion or brush dust is carried away from the brush by the air in the electrical machine and is distributed in the nearer and further surroundings of the brush.
  • the brush dust is deposited as an electrically conductive layer on insulating parts of the electrical machine and causes electrical flashover there.
  • the brush dust also settles on moving parts and in bearings and causes an increased frictional resistance there.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electrical machine which remains largely free of deposits of brush dust at undesired locations even after long-term use of a few thousand hours.
  • an electrical machine with a slip ring and a brush holder which according to the invention comprises a brush dust collecting device with a dust collecting head which is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the slip ring.
  • the dust collecting head is designed in such a way that brush dust which arises on the brush holder during operation of the electrical machine is conducted into the dust collecting head. This is the case with a dust collecting head, which is designed like a vessel and collects dust falling from the brush holder.
  • the dust collecting head can also be designed in such a way that it collects brush dust that begins to spread from the brush holder into the surroundings. This is done by placing the dust collecting head where the dust is carried by the brush holder by air movement.
  • the dust collecting head is designed such that it collects the dust or the air carrying the dust can flow through the dust collecting head and the dust is passed on to another component of the brush dust collecting device.
  • Brush dust arises when the slip ring rubs against a brush of the electrical machine.
  • the slip ring transports the dust away from the brush holder.
  • the dust is thus directly on the slip ring shortly after it is created.
  • the dust collecting head is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the slip ring so that the dust is caught before it can move away from the slip ring into the electrical machine. “Immediately * means that there is no further component of the electrical machine between the slip ring and the dust collector. It is achieved by the invention that a large part of the brush dust collects in the dust collecting head immediately after its generation or, if it is passed through the dust collecting head, in a further part of the brush dust collecting device. The dust is therefore no longer deposited in undesired places on the electrical machine.
  • the dust collecting head comprises an inlet opening which, viewed in the direction of rotation of the slip ring, is arranged directly behind the brush holder.
  • the slip ring transports the brush dust away from the brushes in the direction of rotation. Behind the brush holder, part of the brush dust is released from the slip ring and is transported in the tangential direction to the slip ring by the flow of air entrained by the slip ring.
  • the inlet opening of the dust collecting head is in the tangential direction to the dust collecting head. In this way, the major part of the brush dust is captured very quickly by the dust collecting head after its creation; he no longer gets to unwanted points on the electrical machine.
  • each brush holder of the electrical machine is assigned a dust collector head. This means that most of the brush dust is caught by all brushes.
  • the assignment can be such that each individual brush holder is assigned a single dust collecting head, that is to say each dust collecting head is the brush dust of the brushes from only one Brush holder catches.
  • a dust collecting head can also be assigned to a group of brush holders, which collects the brush dust from all the brushes in the group.
  • the dust collecting head comprises a means which directs the brush dust to the inlet opening.
  • a means can be, for example, a baffle that directs the flow of air entrained by the slip ring into the dust collecting head.
  • a means can also be an opening of the dust collecting head which is shaped in such a way that the opening encloses parts of one or more brush holders. This embodiment of the invention largely prevents the escape of brush dust in areas of the electrical machine where the dust is undesirable.
  • the dust collecting head and the brush holder or the dust collecting head and a group of brush holders form a compact structural unit.
  • the brush holder and brushes are closely enclosed by the dust collecting head.
  • the resulting brush dust is collected using the air requirement of the slip ring.
  • the brush holder or the brush holder group can be integrated, for example, in the dust collecting head. With such a dust collecting head, the dust collecting head completely or largely completely encloses the brush holder or the brush holder group.
  • the brush dust that leaves the brushes is essentially already in the dust collecting head and can be removed.
  • the brush holder and dust collector head can also be integrated in a compact unit if the dust collector head is integrated in the brush holder or a group of brush holders. This is the case, for example, if the dust collecting head essentially only comes from an opening in a brush holder or a space between see brush holder, which is intended to receive the resulting brush dust, and which is provided with means that direct the brush dust m the opening. This means that there is no need for a separate dust collecting head, which is particularly advantageous for smaller electrical machines, since there is often not enough space in the immediate vicinity of a brush holder for a separate dust collecting head.
  • the distance between the slip ring and the front edge of the dust collecting head, as seen in the direction of rotation of the slip ring, is greater than the distance between the slip ring and the rear edge of the dust collecting head.
  • the air entrained by the slip ring is printed on the front edge of the dust collecting head in the space between the slip ring and the dust collecting head. Due to the small distance between the slip ring and the rear edge of the dust collecting head, however, the air can hardly escape from the free space, so that a slight excess pressure is formed between the slip ring and the dust collecting head.
  • Dust collecting head in the area of this free space, the air carrying the brush dust is pressed into the dust collecting head by the rotating movement of the slip ring. The brush dust is thus transported into the dust collecting head.
  • the dust collecting head is expediently made of a non-conductive material, for example a plastic.
  • the dust collecting head can be brought very close to the slip ring without the risk of an electrical flashover.
  • the brush dust collecting device comprises a collecting container for brush dust, and in that the dust collecting head has an outlet opening which is connected to the collecting container by a pipe or hose system.
  • the Brush dust passed through the dust collecting head; it does not have to be stored in the dust collector head.
  • the air carrying the brush dust is simply passed through the dust collecting head in the collecting container in which the dust is separated and stored.
  • the collecting container can be inside or outside the electrical machine.
  • the brush dust collecting device expediently comprises a suction fan.
  • the exhaust fan is designed to create a vacuum in the dust collector head. Due to the negative pressure, the dust-carrying air is drawn from the area around the brush holder into the dust collection head.
  • the dust collecting head thus functions as a brush dust suction nozzle which, like a vacuum cleaner nozzle, sucks in the air in the vicinity of the nozzle.
  • the brush dust collecting device is designed, for example, so that air can be sucked in through the inlet opening of the dust collecting head and can be passed through the collecting container.
  • the brush dust is separated from the air in the collecting container.
  • the brush dust collecting device comprises a filter which is suitable for retaining brush dust in the collecting container.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for an electrical machine in which the rotor, and thus also the slip ring, rotates around a vertical axis of rotation during operation.
  • a machine is used, for example, as a generator in a hydropower plant. With such a machine falls in the Usually due to the large number of brushes, a lot of brush dust.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a dust collecting head and a brush holder
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a dust collecting head and a brush holder
  • FIG. 3 shows a dust collecting head and a brush holder as a compact structural unit
  • Direction of rotation 2 rotates.
  • a brush holder 3 fastened to the stand is arranged close to the slip ring, the steel spring 4 of which presses a brush 5 made of pressed carbon onto the slip ring 1.
  • a dust collecting head 6 of a brush dust collecting device is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the slip ring 1.
  • the inlet opening 7 of the dust collecting head, which is directed towards the slip ring 1, is not visible as an opening in FIG. 1 and is only shown as a line.
  • the dust collecting head 6 has an outlet opening 8 through which a tube 9 of the brush dust collecting device can flow from the interior of the dust collecting head 6 m.
  • the air is the by a suction fan, not shown in FIG Brush dust collecting device sucked from the dust collecting head 6 into the tube 9.
  • the brush dust is thus sucked off directly at the point of origin by means of the dust collecting head 6, which acts as a suction nozzle. Since the dust collecting head 6 is arranged in the tangential direction to the slip ring, the brush dust is transported in the direction of the inlet opening. It also cannot escape the space around the slip ring 1 from the area around the inlet opening 7 m, since it is sucked into the dust collecting head 6. In this way, almost all of the brush dust generated in the brush holder 3 is picked up by the brush dust collecting device and transported to a location provided within the brush dust collecting device.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a combination of brush holder 12 and dust collecting head 13 arranged on a slip ring 11.
  • the slip ring 11 itself is not shown. Its position is only indicated by a dashed line.
  • the brushes (not shown in FIG. 2) are located in chutes 14 of the brush holder 12 during operation of the electrical machine.
  • a dust collecting head 13 of a brush dust collecting device is arranged in the vicinity of the brush holder 12 and in the immediate vicinity of the slip ring 11.
  • the dust collecting head 13 is shown without a lid, so that the interior of the dust collecting head 13 is visible.
  • the cover closes the interior of the dust collecting head 13. The front edge of the cover comes to rest on the front edge of the brush holder 12.
  • the front and rear of the brush holder 12 is determined by the direction of rotation 15 of the slip ring 11.
  • the rear wall 16 of the dust collecting head 13 opposite the cover is arranged symmetrically to the cover. Together with the lid, it forms a means that directs the brush dust to the inlet opening 17.
  • the brush dust generated in the brush holder 12 is carried by the air entrained by the slip ring 11 rotating about a vertical axis of rotation to the inlet opening 17 of the dust collecting head 13. It is drawn from there by a vacuum 19 generated by a fan of the brush dust collecting device (not shown in FIG. 2), the dust collecting head 13 and further through the outlet opening 18 m a pipe 19 of the brush dust collecting device.
  • the dust collecting head 13 is designed in such a way that the cooling of the brush holder 12 and of the slip ring 11 is practically not impaired, even if the exhaust fan fails.
  • the dust collecting head 21 of the brush dust collecting device of an electrical machine shown in FIG. 3 forms a compact structural unit with a brush holder 22 of the electrical machine.
  • the dust collecting head 21 is integrated in the brush holder 22.
  • the abrasion of the brush 24 generated by rubbing the slip ring 23 is carried as brush dust to the inlet opening 25 of the dust collecting head 21. From there, the dust is transported through a tubular interior 26 of the dust collecting head 21 to another component of the brush dust collecting device.
  • the interior 26 of the dust collecting head 21 is shown by dashed lines 26a and 26b.
  • the distance Ai between the slip ring 23 and the front edge 28 of the dust collecting head 21, as seen in the direction of rotation 27 of the slip ring 23, is greater than the distance A 2 between the slip ring 23 and the rear edge 29 of the dust collecting head.
  • the front edge 28 of the dust collecting head 21 is at the same time the front edge 28 of the brush holder 22. Due to the relatively large distance Ai between the slip ring 23 and the dust collecting head 21, a lot of air, which is entrained by the slip ring, can flow during operation of the electrical machine Get space 30 between the dust collecting head 21 and slip ring 23. This air can only leave the space 30 to a small extent through the narrow gap between the rear edge 29 of the dust collecting head 21 and the slip ring 23. The much larger part of the air presses through its own movement into the inlet opening 25 of the dust collecting head 21 and thus causes the brush dust to be transported through the interior 26 of the dust collecting head 21 to another component of the brush dust collecting device.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a brush dust collecting device 41. It comprises a dust collecting head 42, a hose system 43 which connects the dust collecting head 42 to a fan 44 and further to a collecting container 45.
  • a filter 46 is arranged in the collecting container 45, which filters out brush dust from the air flowing through the filter 46.
  • the brush dust 48 collects in the collecting container 45.
  • the collecting container 45 is followed by a pipe system 47 which directs the air out of the brush dust collecting device 41.
  • a branch is arranged in the hose system 43 and is connected by a hose 49 to a further dust collecting head of the brush dust collecting device 41.
  • Each brush holder of the electrical machine is one Dust collecting head assigned to the brush dust collecting device 41.
  • the brush dust rubbed off the slip ring 52 by the brush 50 of the brush holder 51 is drawn into the inlet opening 53 of the dust collecting head 42 by the fan 44.
  • the dust collecting head 42 is designed such that the distance Ai between the slip ring 52 and the front edge of the dust collecting head 42 is greater than the distance A 2 between the slip ring 52 and the rear edge of the dust collecting head 42. Front and rear is determined by the direction of rotation 54 of the slip ring 52.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Abstract

During the operation of an electrical machine, brush dust is generated as a result of a frictional wear of the brushes (5, 50), The brush dust is deposited in undesired locations of the electric machine and causes sparkovers or increased frictional resistance. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention provides for a brush dust collecting device (41) comprising a dust collecting bead (6, 13, 21, 42) mounted in direct plurality to the slip ring (1, 11, 23, 53).

Description

Beschreibung description
Elektrische MaschineElectrical machine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Maschine mit einem Schleifring und einem Bürstenhalter.The invention relates to an electrical machine with a slip ring and a brush holder.
Eine elektrische Maschine ist eine rotierende Maschine, die entweder als Generator mechanische Energie m elektrische E- nergie umwandelt, oder umgekehrt als Elektromotor elektrische Energie m mechanische Energie umwandelt. Die elektrische Maschine umfaßt einen sich drehenden Rotor und einen ruhenden Stander. Der elektrische Kontakt zwischen Rotor und Stanαer wird durch Bürsten hergestellt. Eine solche Bürste ist Be- standteil des Standers. Sie vermittelt als federnd geführter Schleifkontakt den Stromubergang zu einem bewegten Maschinenteil des Rotors, wie Kollektor oder Schleifring. Eine Bürste ist m einem Bürstenhalter gelagert und ist m der Regel ein Preßkorper aus Kohle, Natur-, Elektro- oder Me- tallgraphit.An electrical machine is a rotating machine that either converts mechanical energy to electrical energy as a generator, or conversely converts electrical energy to mechanical energy as an electric motor. The electrical machine includes a rotating rotor and a stationary stand. The electrical contact between the rotor and the stator is made by brushing. Such a brush is part of the stand. As a spring-mounted sliding contact, it conveys the current transfer to a moving machine part of the rotor, such as a collector or slip ring. A brush is mounted in a brush holder and is usually a compact made of carbon, natural, electrical or metal graphite.
Eine Bürste wird beispielsweise durch eine Feder auf einen Schleifring der elektrischen Maschine gedruckt. Durch die Bewegung des Schleifrings wird die Bürste langsam abgerieben. Hierdurch wird der Preßkorper einige bis etliche μm pro Betriebsstunde kleiner. Das Material des Preßkorpers wird zu Staub zerrieben. Der Abrieb oder Burstenstaub wird von der m der elektrischen Maschine befindlichen Luft von der Bürste weggetragen und verteilt sich m der näheren und weiteren Um- gebung der Bürste. Hierbei setzt sich der Burstenstaub als elektrisch leitfahige Schicht auf isolierende Teile der elektrischen Maschine und verursacht dort elektrische Überschlage. Der Burstenstaub setzt sich auch auf bewegliche Teile und in Lager und verursacht dort einen erhöhten Rei- bungswiderstand. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine elektrische Maschine anzugeben, die auch bei einem Langzeiteinsatz von einigen tausend Stunden weitgehend frei von Bürstenstaubabla- gerungen an unerwünschten Stellen bleibt.For example, a brush is printed by a spring on a slip ring of the electrical machine. The brush is slowly rubbed off by the movement of the slip ring. As a result, the pressed body becomes a few to several μm smaller per operating hour. The material of the compact is ground to dust. The abrasion or brush dust is carried away from the brush by the air in the electrical machine and is distributed in the nearer and further surroundings of the brush. Here, the brush dust is deposited as an electrically conductive layer on insulating parts of the electrical machine and causes electrical flashover there. The brush dust also settles on moving parts and in bearings and causes an increased frictional resistance there. The object of the present invention is to provide an electrical machine which remains largely free of deposits of brush dust at undesired locations even after long-term use of a few thousand hours.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine elektrische Maschine mit einem Schleifring und einem Bürstenhalter gelöst, die erfindungsgemäß eine Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung mit einem Staubauffangkopf umfaßt, der in unmittelbarer Nähe zum Schleifring angeordnet ist.This object is achieved by an electrical machine with a slip ring and a brush holder, which according to the invention comprises a brush dust collecting device with a dust collecting head which is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the slip ring.
Der Staubauffangkopf ist derart gestaltet, daß sich während des Betriebs der elektrischen Maschine am Bürstenhalter entstehender Bürstenstaub in den Staubauffangkopf geleitet wird. Dies ist bei einem Staubauffangkopf der Fall, der wie ein Gefäß ausgestaltet ist und vom Bürstenhalter herabfallenden Staub auffängt. Der Staubauffangkopf kann auch in der Weise ausgestaltet sein, daß er Bürstenstaub, der beginnt, sich vom Bürstenhalter in die Umgebung zu verteilen, auffängt. Dies geschieht, indem der Staubauffangkopf dort angeordnet ist, wohin der Staub vom Bürstenhalter durch Luftbewegung getragen wird. Der Staubauffangkopf ist so ausgestaltet, daß er den Staub sammelt oder die den Staub tragende Luft durch den Staubauffangkopf hindurch strömen kann und der Staub zu einem weiteren Bauteil der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung weitergeleitet wird.The dust collecting head is designed in such a way that brush dust which arises on the brush holder during operation of the electrical machine is conducted into the dust collecting head. This is the case with a dust collecting head, which is designed like a vessel and collects dust falling from the brush holder. The dust collecting head can also be designed in such a way that it collects brush dust that begins to spread from the brush holder into the surroundings. This is done by placing the dust collecting head where the dust is carried by the brush holder by air movement. The dust collecting head is designed such that it collects the dust or the air carrying the dust can flow through the dust collecting head and the dust is passed on to another component of the brush dust collecting device.
Bürstenstaub entsteht, wenn der Schleifring an einer Bürste der elektrischen Maschine reibt. Der Schleifring transpor- tiert den Staub vom Bürstenhalter weg. Der Staub befindet sich also kurz nach seiner Entstehung direkt am Schleifring. Damit der Staub, bevor er sich wesentlich vom Schleifring in die elektrische Maschine hinein entfernen kann, aufgefangen wird, ist der Staubauffangkopf in unmittelbare Nähe des Schleifrings angeordnet. „Unmittelbar* bedeutet hierbei, daß sich kein weiteres Bauteil der elektrischen Maschine zwischen Schleifring und Staubauffangkopf befindet. Durch die Erfindung wird erreicht, daß sich ein großer Teil des Burstenstaubs direkt nach seiner Entstehung im Staubauffangkopf oder, wenn er durch den Staubauffangkopf hindurch geleitet wird, m einem weiteren Teil der Burstenstaubauf- fangvorrichtung sammelt. Der Staub schlagt sich daher nicht mehr an unerwünschten Stellen der elektrischen Maschine nieder. Durch Burstenstaubablagerungen verursachte Kurzschlüsse oder Reibungsverluste m beweglichen Teilen der elektrischen Maschine werden somit weitgehend vermieden. Da die elektri- sehe Maschine somit auch bei einem Langzeiteinsatz von einigen tausend Stunden weitgehend frei von Burstenstaubablagerungen an unerwünschten Stellen bleibt, können die Zeitintervalle für notige Wartungs- und Reinigungsarbeiten vergrößert werden. Dies fuhrt zu einer guten Auslastung der Maschine und zu geringen Wartungskosten für den Betreiber.Brush dust arises when the slip ring rubs against a brush of the electrical machine. The slip ring transports the dust away from the brush holder. The dust is thus directly on the slip ring shortly after it is created. The dust collecting head is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the slip ring so that the dust is caught before it can move away from the slip ring into the electrical machine. “Immediately * means that there is no further component of the electrical machine between the slip ring and the dust collector. It is achieved by the invention that a large part of the brush dust collects in the dust collecting head immediately after its generation or, if it is passed through the dust collecting head, in a further part of the brush dust collecting device. The dust is therefore no longer deposited in undesired places on the electrical machine. Short circuits or frictional losses caused by brush dust deposits in moving parts of the electrical machine are thus largely avoided. Since the electrical machine thus remains largely free of deposits of brush dust at undesired locations even after long-term use of a few thousand hours, the time intervals for necessary maintenance and cleaning work can be increased. This leads to good machine utilization and low maintenance costs for the operator.
In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfaßt der Staubauffangkopf eine Einlaßöffnung, die m Drehπcntung des Schleifrings gesehen unmittelbar hinter dem Bürstenhalter an- geordnet ist. Der Schleifring transportiert, wie oben beschrieben, den Burstenstaub m Drehrichtung von den Bürsten weg. Hinter dem Bürstenhalter lost sich ein Teil des Burstenstaubs vom Schleifring und wird vom Strom der vom Schleifring mitgerissenen Luft m tangentiale Richtung zum Schleifring transportiert. In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung befindet sich die Einlaßöffnung des Staubauffangkopfes m tan- gentialer Richtung zum Staubauffangkopf. Auf diese Weise wird der größte Teil des Burstenstaubs sehr schnell nach seiner Entstehung vom Staubauffangkopf eingefangen; er gelangt somit nicht mehr an unerwünschte Stellen der elektrischen Maschine.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dust collecting head comprises an inlet opening which, viewed in the direction of rotation of the slip ring, is arranged directly behind the brush holder. As described above, the slip ring transports the brush dust away from the brushes in the direction of rotation. Behind the brush holder, part of the brush dust is released from the slip ring and is transported in the tangential direction to the slip ring by the flow of air entrained by the slip ring. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inlet opening of the dust collecting head is in the tangential direction to the dust collecting head. In this way, the major part of the brush dust is captured very quickly by the dust collecting head after its creation; he no longer gets to unwanted points on the electrical machine.
Zweckmaßigerweise ist jedem Bürstenhalter der elektrischen Maschine ein Staubauf angkopf zugeordnet. Somit wird der größte Teil des Burstenstaubs von allen Bürsten eingefangen. Die Zuordnung kann so sein, daß jedem einzelnen Bürstenhalter ein einzelner Staubauffangkopf zugeordnet ist, also jeder Staubauffangkopf den Burstenstaub der Bürsten von nur einem Bürstenhalter auffangt. Es kann jedoch auch einer Gruppe von Bürstenhaltern ein Staubauffangkopf zugeordnet sein, der den Burstenstaub aller Bürsten der Gruppe auffangt.Expediently, each brush holder of the electrical machine is assigned a dust collector head. This means that most of the brush dust is caught by all brushes. The assignment can be such that each individual brush holder is assigned a single dust collecting head, that is to say each dust collecting head is the brush dust of the brushes from only one Brush holder catches. However, a dust collecting head can also be assigned to a group of brush holders, which collects the brush dust from all the brushes in the group.
Ein weiterer Vorteil laßt sich dadurch erreichen , daß der Staubauffangkopf ein Mittel umfaßt, das den Burstenstaub zur Einlaßöffnung lenkt. Ein solches Mittel kann beispielsweise ein Leitblech sein, das den Strom der vom Schleifring mitgerissenen Luft in den Staubauffangkopf lenkt. Ein solches Mit- tel kann aber auch eine derart geformte Öffnung des Staubauffangkopfes sein, daß die Öffnung Teile eines oder mehrerer Bürstenhalter umschließt. Diese Ausgestaltung der Erfindung verhindert weitgehend das Entweichen von Burstenstaub m Bereiche der elektrischen Maschine, m denen der Staub uner- wünscht ist.Another advantage can be achieved in that the dust collecting head comprises a means which directs the brush dust to the inlet opening. Such a means can be, for example, a baffle that directs the flow of air entrained by the slip ring into the dust collecting head. However, such a means can also be an opening of the dust collecting head which is shaped in such a way that the opening encloses parts of one or more brush holders. This embodiment of the invention largely prevents the escape of brush dust in areas of the electrical machine where the dust is undesirable.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung bilden der Staubauffangkopf und der Bürstenhalter oder der Staubauffangkopf und eine Gruppe von Bürstenhaltern eine kompakte Baueinheit. So werden Bürstenhalter und Bürsten beispielsweise eng vom Staubauffangkopf umschlossen. Der anfallende Burstenstaub wird unter Ausnutzung der Luftforderung des Schleifrings aufgefangen. Alternativ kann der Bürstenhalter bzw. die Burstenhaltergruppe beispielsweise in den Staubauf- fangkopf integriert sein. Bei einem solchem Staubauffangkopf umschließt der Staubauffangkopf den Bürstenhalter bzw. die Burstenhaltergruppe vollständig oder weitgehend vollständig. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung befindet sich der Burstenstaub, der die Bürsten verlaßt, im wesentlichen schon im Staubauffangkopf und kann abtransportiert werden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the dust collecting head and the brush holder or the dust collecting head and a group of brush holders form a compact structural unit. For example, the brush holder and brushes are closely enclosed by the dust collecting head. The resulting brush dust is collected using the air requirement of the slip ring. Alternatively, the brush holder or the brush holder group can be integrated, for example, in the dust collecting head. With such a dust collecting head, the dust collecting head completely or largely completely encloses the brush holder or the brush holder group. In this embodiment of the invention, the brush dust that leaves the brushes is essentially already in the dust collecting head and can be removed.
Eine Integration von Bürstenhalter und Staubauffangkopf in einer kompakten Baueinheit ist auch erreicht, wenn der Staubauffangkopf in den Bürstenhalter oder eine Gruppe von Bur- stenhaltern integriert ist. Dies ist beispielsweise dann der Fall, wenn der Staubauffangkopf im wesentlichen nur aus einer Öffnung in einem Bürstenhalter oder einem Zwischenraum zwi- sehen Bürstenhaltern besteht, der dafür vorgesehen ist, den entstehenden Burstenstaub aufzunehmen, und der mit Mitteln versehen ist, die den Burstenstaub m die Öffnung lenken. Hierdurch ist kein separater Staubauffangkopf notig, was be- sonders bei kleineren elektrischen Maschinen von Vorteil ist, da dort häufig nicht genug Raum m unmittelbarer Nahe eines Bürstenhalters für einen separaten Staubauffangkopf ist.The brush holder and dust collector head can also be integrated in a compact unit if the dust collector head is integrated in the brush holder or a group of brush holders. This is the case, for example, if the dust collecting head essentially only comes from an opening in a brush holder or a space between see brush holder, which is intended to receive the resulting brush dust, and which is provided with means that direct the brush dust m the opening. This means that there is no need for a separate dust collecting head, which is particularly advantageous for smaller electrical machines, since there is often not enough space in the immediate vicinity of a brush holder for a separate dust collecting head.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Abstand zwi- sehen dem Schleifring und der - m Drehrichtung des Schleifrings gesehen - vorderen Kante des Staubauffangkopfes großer als der Abstand zwischen dem Schleifring und der hinteren Kante des Staubauffangkopfes. Auf diese Weise wird die vom Schleifring mitgerissene Luft an der Vorderkante des Staub- auffangkopfes in den Freiraum zwischen Schleifring und Staubauffangkopf gedruckt. Durch den geringen Abstand zwischen dem Schleifring und der Hinterkante des Staubauffangkopfes kann die Luft jedoch schlecht aus dem Freiraum entweichen, so αaß sich zwischen dem Schleifring und dem Staubauffangkopf ein leichter Überdruck bildet. Bei Anordnung der Öffnung desIn a further embodiment of the invention, the distance between the slip ring and the front edge of the dust collecting head, as seen in the direction of rotation of the slip ring, is greater than the distance between the slip ring and the rear edge of the dust collecting head. In this way, the air entrained by the slip ring is printed on the front edge of the dust collecting head in the space between the slip ring and the dust collecting head. Due to the small distance between the slip ring and the rear edge of the dust collecting head, however, the air can hardly escape from the free space, so that a slight excess pressure is formed between the slip ring and the dust collecting head. When arranging the opening of the
Staubauffangkopfes im Bereich dieses Freiraums wird die den Burstenstaub mit sich fuhrende Luft durch die Drehbewegung des Schleifrings in den Staubauffangkopf hinein gedruckt. Der Burstenstaub wird somit in den Staubauffangkopf hinein trans- portiert.Dust collecting head in the area of this free space, the air carrying the brush dust is pressed into the dust collecting head by the rotating movement of the slip ring. The brush dust is thus transported into the dust collecting head.
Zweckmaßigerweise ist der Staubauffangkopf aus einem nichtleitenden Material, beispielsweise einem Kunststoff, gefertigt. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann der Staub- auffangkopf sehr nahe an den Schleifring gebracht werden, ohne daß die Gefahr eines elektrischen Überschlags besteht.The dust collecting head is expediently made of a non-conductive material, for example a plastic. In this embodiment of the invention, the dust collecting head can be brought very close to the slip ring without the risk of an electrical flashover.
Ein weiterer Vorteil laßt sich dadurch erreichen, daß die Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung einen Auffangbehalter für Bur- stenstaub umfaßt, und daß der Staubauffangkopf eine Auslaß- offnung aufweist, die durch ein Rohr- oder Schlauchsystem mit dem Auffangbehalter verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise wird der Burstenstaub durch den Staubauffangkopf hindurch geleitet; er muß nicht im Staubauffangkopf gelagert werden. Außerdem wird keine Vorrichtung innerhalb des Staubauffangkopfes benotigt, die zum Abscheiden des Burstenstaubs aus der Luft dient. Die den Burstenstaub tragende Luft wird einfach durch den Staubauffangkopf hindurch m den Auffangbehalter geleitet, in dem der Staub abgeschieden und gelagert wird. Der Auffangbehalter kann innerhalb oder außerhalb der elektrischen Maschine liegen.Another advantage can be achieved in that the brush dust collecting device comprises a collecting container for brush dust, and in that the dust collecting head has an outlet opening which is connected to the collecting container by a pipe or hose system. In this way the Brush dust passed through the dust collecting head; it does not have to be stored in the dust collector head. In addition, there is no need for a device within the dust collecting head which is used to separate the brush dust from the air. The air carrying the brush dust is simply passed through the dust collecting head in the collecting container in which the dust is separated and stored. The collecting container can be inside or outside the electrical machine.
Zweckmaßigerweise umfaßt die Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung einen Absaugventilator . Der Absaugventilator ist dazu bestimmt, im Staubauffangkopf einen Unterdruck zu erzeugen. Durch den Unterdruck wird die staubtragende Luft aus der Um- gebung des B rstenhalters in den Staubauffangkopf gesogen.The brush dust collecting device expediently comprises a suction fan. The exhaust fan is designed to create a vacuum in the dust collector head. Due to the negative pressure, the dust-carrying air is drawn from the area around the brush holder into the dust collection head.
Der Staubauffangkopf fungiert somit als Burstenstaub-Saug- duse, die wie eine Staubsaugerduse die in der Umgebung der D se befindliche Luft einsaugt. Die Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung ist beispielsweise so ausgelegt, daß Luft durch die Einlaßöffnung des Staubauffangkopfes eingesaugt werden kann und durch den Auffangbehalter hmdurchleitbar ist. Im Auf- fangbehalter wird der Burstenstaub aus der Luft ausgeschieden. Durch diese Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird praktisch der gesamte Burstenstaub von den Bürstenhaltern m die Burs- tenstaubauffangvorrichtung transportiert, so daß so gut wie kein Burstenstaub an unerwünschte Stellen der elektrischen Maschine gelangt.The dust collecting head thus functions as a brush dust suction nozzle which, like a vacuum cleaner nozzle, sucks in the air in the vicinity of the nozzle. The brush dust collecting device is designed, for example, so that air can be sucked in through the inlet opening of the dust collecting head and can be passed through the collecting container. The brush dust is separated from the air in the collecting container. By means of this embodiment of the invention, practically all of the brush dust is transported from the brush holder m to the brush dust collecting device, so that virtually no brush dust gets to undesired locations on the electrical machine.
Vorteilhafterweise umfaßt die Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung einen Filter, der geeignet ist, Burstenstaub im Auffangbehalter zur ckzuhalten.Advantageously, the brush dust collecting device comprises a filter which is suitable for retaining brush dust in the collecting container.
Die Erfindung ist besonders geeignet für eine elektrische Maschine, bei der der Rotor, und somit auch der Schleifring im Betrieb um eine vertikale Rotationsachse rotiert. Eine solche Maschine findet beispielsweise Anwendung als Generator m einem Wasserkraftwerk. Bei einer solchen Maschine fallt in der Regel wegen der großen Burstenanzahl sehr viel Burstenstaub an. Außerdem befinden sich unterhalb der Schleifringe weitere Bauteile der elektrischen Maschine und auch weitere Bauteile des Wasserkraftwerks, die besonders sensibel gegen Staubauf- trag sind. Bei solchen Maschinen ist es daher besonders vorteilhaft, die Ausbreitung von Burstenstaub weitgehend zu unterbinden.The invention is particularly suitable for an electrical machine in which the rotor, and thus also the slip ring, rotates around a vertical axis of rotation during operation. Such a machine is used, for example, as a generator in a hydropower plant. With such a machine falls in the Usually due to the large number of brushes, a lot of brush dust. There are also other components of the electrical machine and other components of the hydropower plant below the slip rings that are particularly sensitive to dust. In such machines, it is therefore particularly advantageous to largely prevent the spread of brush dust.
Ausfuhrungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand von vier Fi- guren naher erläutert. Es zeigen:Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to four figures. Show it:
FIG 1 eine Seitenansicht auf einen Staubauffangkopf und einen Bürstenhalter;1 shows a side view of a dust collecting head and a brush holder;
FIG 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht auf einen Staubauffangkopf und einen Bürstenhalter;2 shows a perspective view of a dust collecting head and a brush holder;
FIG 3 einen Staubauffangkopf und einen Bürstenhalter als eine kompakte Baueinheit;3 shows a dust collecting head and a brush holder as a compact structural unit;
FIG 4 eine schematische Darstellung einer Burstenstaubauf- fanganlage;4 shows a schematic illustration of a brush dust collecting system;
In Figur 1 ist ein Schleifring 1 einer elektrischen Maschine dargestellt, der im Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine mIn Figure 1, a slip ring 1 of an electrical machine is shown, the m
Drehrichtung 2 rotiert. Dicht am Schleifring ist ein am Stander befestigter Bürstenhalter 3 angeordnet, dessen Stahlfeder 4 eine aus Preßkohle bestehende Bürste 5 an den Schleifring 1 druckt. In unmittelbarer Nahe zum Schleifring 1 ist ein Staubauffangkopf 6 einer Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung angeordnet. Die Einlaßöffnung 7 des Staubauffangkopfes, die zum Schleifring 1 gerichtet ist, ist m Figur 1 nicht als Öffnung sichtbar und nur als Strich dargestellt. Der Staubauffangkopf 6 weist eine Auslaßoffnung 8 auf, durch die Luft aus dem In- neren des Staubauffangkopfes 6 m ein Rohr 9 der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung strömen kann. Die Luft wird durch einen in Figur 1 nicht dargestellten Absaugventilator der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung vom Staubauffangkopf 6 in das Rohr 9 gesaugt.Direction of rotation 2 rotates. A brush holder 3 fastened to the stand is arranged close to the slip ring, the steel spring 4 of which presses a brush 5 made of pressed carbon onto the slip ring 1. A dust collecting head 6 of a brush dust collecting device is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the slip ring 1. The inlet opening 7 of the dust collecting head, which is directed towards the slip ring 1, is not visible as an opening in FIG. 1 and is only shown as a line. The dust collecting head 6 has an outlet opening 8 through which a tube 9 of the brush dust collecting device can flow from the interior of the dust collecting head 6 m. The air is the by a suction fan, not shown in FIG Brush dust collecting device sucked from the dust collecting head 6 into the tube 9.
Wahrend des Betriebs der elektrischen Maschine wird vom Schleifring 1 Burstenstaub von der Bürste 5 abgerieben. Dieser Burstenstaub wird von Luft, die vom Schleifring 1 mitgerissen wird, m Drehrichtung 2 zur Einlaßöffnung 7 des Staubauffangkopfes 6 getragen. Durch den vom Absaugventilator erzeugten Unterdruck im Staubauffangkopf 6 der Burstenstaubauf- fangvorrichtung wird die staubtragende Luft daran gehindert, den Staubauffangkopf 6 zu verlassen. Sie wird durch die Einlaßöffnung 7 in den Staubauffangkopf 6 und weiter m das Rohr 9 gesogen.During operation of the electrical machine, brush dust is rubbed off the brush 5 by the slip ring 1. This brush dust is carried by air, which is entrained by the slip ring 1, in the direction of rotation 2 to the inlet opening 7 of the dust collecting head 6. Due to the negative pressure generated by the suction fan in the dust collecting head 6 of the brush dust collecting device, the dust-carrying air is prevented from leaving the dust collecting head 6. It is drawn through the inlet opening 7 into the dust collecting head 6 and further m the tube 9.
Der Burstenstaub wird somit direkt am Entstehungsort mittels des als Saugduse fungierenden Staubauffangkopfes 6 abgesaugt. Da der Staubauffangkopf 6 in tangentialer Richtung zum Schleifring angeordnet ist, wird der Burstenstaub m Richtung zur Einlaßöffnung transportiert. Er kann auch nicht aus dem Bereich um die Einlaßöffnung 7 m den Raum um den Schleifring 1 entweichen, da er in den Staubauffangkopf 6 eingesogen wird. Auf diese Weise wird nahezu der gesamte beim Bürstenhalter 3 erzeugte Burstenstaub von der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung aufgenommen und an einen dafür vorgesehenen Ort innerhalb der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung transportiert.The brush dust is thus sucked off directly at the point of origin by means of the dust collecting head 6, which acts as a suction nozzle. Since the dust collecting head 6 is arranged in the tangential direction to the slip ring, the brush dust is transported in the direction of the inlet opening. It also cannot escape the space around the slip ring 1 from the area around the inlet opening 7 m, since it is sucked into the dust collecting head 6. In this way, almost all of the brush dust generated in the brush holder 3 is picked up by the brush dust collecting device and transported to a location provided within the brush dust collecting device.
Figur 2 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine an einem Schleifring 11 angeordnete Kombination von Bürstenhalter 12 und Staubauffangkopf 13. Der Schleifring 11 selber ist nicht dargestellt. Seine Position ist lediglich durch eine gestrichelte Linie angedeutet. Die in Figur 2 nicht dargestellten Bürsten liegen wahrend des Betriebs der elektrischen Maschine in Schachten 14 des Bürstenhalters 12. In Nachbarschaft zum Bürstenhalter 12 und m unmittelbarer Nahe zum Schleifring 11 ist ein Staubauffangkopf 13 einer B rstenstaubauffangvorrichtung angeordnet. Der Staubauffangkopf 13 ist ohne Deckel dargestellt, so daß der Innenraum des Staubauffangkopfes 13 sichtbar ist. Wahrend des Betriebs der elektrischen Maschine verschließt der Deckel den Innenraum des Staubauffangkopfes 13. Die Vorderkante des Deckels kommt dabei an der Vorderkante des Bürstenhalters 12 zu liegen. Vorne und Hinten des Bürstenhalters 12 wird von der Drehrichtung 15 des Schleifrings 11 bestimmt. Die dem Deckel gegenüberliegende Ruckwand 16 des Staubauffangkopfes 13 ist symmetrisch zum Deckel angeordnet. Zusammen mit dem Deckel bildet sie ein Mittel, das den Burstenstaub zur Einlaßöffnung 17 lenkt.FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a combination of brush holder 12 and dust collecting head 13 arranged on a slip ring 11. The slip ring 11 itself is not shown. Its position is only indicated by a dashed line. The brushes (not shown in FIG. 2) are located in chutes 14 of the brush holder 12 during operation of the electrical machine. A dust collecting head 13 of a brush dust collecting device is arranged in the vicinity of the brush holder 12 and in the immediate vicinity of the slip ring 11. The dust collecting head 13 is shown without a lid, so that the interior of the dust collecting head 13 is visible. During operation of the electrical machine, the cover closes the interior of the dust collecting head 13. The front edge of the cover comes to rest on the front edge of the brush holder 12. The front and rear of the brush holder 12 is determined by the direction of rotation 15 of the slip ring 11. The rear wall 16 of the dust collecting head 13 opposite the cover is arranged symmetrically to the cover. Together with the lid, it forms a means that directs the brush dust to the inlet opening 17.
Wahrend des Betriebs der elektrischen Maschine wird der beim Bürstenhalter 12 erzeugte Burstenstaub von der durch den um eine vertikale Rotationsachse rotierenden Schleifring 11 mitgerissenen Luft zur Einlaßöffnung 17 des Staubauffangkopfes 13 getragen. Sie wird von dort durch - von einem m der Figur 2 nicht dargestellten Ventilator der B rstenstaubauffangvorrichtung erzeugten Unterdruck - m den Staubauffangkopf 13 und weiter durch die Auslaßoffnung 18 m ein Rohr 19 der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung gesogen. Der Staubauffangkopf 13 ist so ausgestaltet, daß - auch bei Ausfall des Absaugventi- lators - die Kühlung des Bürstenhalters 12 und des Schleifrings 11 praktisch nicht beeinträchtigt wird.During the operation of the electrical machine, the brush dust generated in the brush holder 12 is carried by the air entrained by the slip ring 11 rotating about a vertical axis of rotation to the inlet opening 17 of the dust collecting head 13. It is drawn from there by a vacuum 19 generated by a fan of the brush dust collecting device (not shown in FIG. 2), the dust collecting head 13 and further through the outlet opening 18 m a pipe 19 of the brush dust collecting device. The dust collecting head 13 is designed in such a way that the cooling of the brush holder 12 and of the slip ring 11 is practically not impaired, even if the exhaust fan fails.
Der in Figur 3 dargestellte Staubauffangkopf 21 der Bursten- Staubauffangvorrichtung einer elektrischen Maschine bildet mit einem Bürstenhalter 22 der elektrischen Maschine eine kompakte Baueinheit. Der Staubauffangkopf 21 ist in den Bürstenhalter 22 integriert. Der durch das Reiben des Schleifrings 23 erzeugte Abrieb der Bürste 24 wird als Burstenstaub zur Einlaßöffnung 25 des Staubauffangkopfes 21 getragen. Der Staub wird von dort durch einen rohrformigen Innenraum 26 des Staubauffangkopfes 21 zu einem weiteren Bauteil der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung transportiert. Der Innenraum 26 des Staubauffangkopfes 21 ist durch gestrichelte Linien 26a und 26b dargestellt. Der Abstand Ai zwischen Schleifring 23 und der - m Drehrichtung 27 des Schleifrings 23 gesehen - vorderen Kante 28 des Staubauffangkopfes 21 ist großer ist als der Abstand A2 zwischen Schleifring 23 und der hinteren Kante 29 des Staubauf- fangkopfes. Die vordere Kante 28 des Staubauffangkopfes 21 ist gleichzeitig auch die vordere Kante 28 des Bürstenhalters 22. Durch den verhältnismäßig großen Abstand Ai zwischen Schleifring 23 und Staubauffangkopf 21 kann wahrend des Betriebs der elektrischen Maschine viel Luft, die vom Schleif- ring mitgerissen wird, m den Raum 30 zwischen Staubauffangkopf 21 und Schleifring 23 gelangen. Diese Luft kann nur zu einem geringen Teil durch den schmalen Spalt zwischen hinterer Kante 29 des Staubauffangkopfes 21 und Schleifring 23 den Raum 30 verlassen. Der weitaus größere Teil der Luft druckt durch seine Eigenbewegung in die Einlaßöffnung 25 des Staubauffangkopfes 21 und bewirkt somit einen Transport des Burstenstaubs durch den Innenraum 26 des Staubauffangkopfes 21 zu einem weiteren Bauteil der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung.The dust collecting head 21 of the brush dust collecting device of an electrical machine shown in FIG. 3 forms a compact structural unit with a brush holder 22 of the electrical machine. The dust collecting head 21 is integrated in the brush holder 22. The abrasion of the brush 24 generated by rubbing the slip ring 23 is carried as brush dust to the inlet opening 25 of the dust collecting head 21. From there, the dust is transported through a tubular interior 26 of the dust collecting head 21 to another component of the brush dust collecting device. The interior 26 of the dust collecting head 21 is shown by dashed lines 26a and 26b. The distance Ai between the slip ring 23 and the front edge 28 of the dust collecting head 21, as seen in the direction of rotation 27 of the slip ring 23, is greater than the distance A 2 between the slip ring 23 and the rear edge 29 of the dust collecting head. The front edge 28 of the dust collecting head 21 is at the same time the front edge 28 of the brush holder 22. Due to the relatively large distance Ai between the slip ring 23 and the dust collecting head 21, a lot of air, which is entrained by the slip ring, can flow during operation of the electrical machine Get space 30 between the dust collecting head 21 and slip ring 23. This air can only leave the space 30 to a small extent through the narrow gap between the rear edge 29 of the dust collecting head 21 and the slip ring 23. The much larger part of the air presses through its own movement into the inlet opening 25 of the dust collecting head 21 and thus causes the brush dust to be transported through the interior 26 of the dust collecting head 21 to another component of the brush dust collecting device.
Bei diesem Ausfuhrungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nahezu der gesamte beim Bürstenhalter 22 erzeugte Burstenstaub vom Staubauffangkopf 21 aufgenommen und gelangt somit nicht mehr an unerwünschte Stellen innerhalb der elektrischen Maschine.In this exemplary embodiment of the invention, almost all of the brush dust generated in the brush holder 22 is absorbed by the dust collecting head 21 and thus no longer reaches undesired locations within the electrical machine.
Figur 4 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung eine Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung 41. Sie umfaßt einen Staubauffangkopf 42, ein Schlauchsystem 43, das den Staubauffangkopf 42 mit einem Ventilator 44 und weiter mit einem Auffangbehalter 45 verbindet. Im Auffangbehalter 45 ist ein Filter 46 angeordnet, der Burstenstaub aus der den Filter 46 durchströmenden Luft ausfiltert. Der Burstenstaub 48 sammelt sich im Auffangbehalter 45. An den Auffangbehalter 45 schließt sich ein Rohrsystem 47 an, das die Luft aus der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung 41 hinausleitet. Im Schlauchsystem 43 ist ein Abzweig angeord- net, der durch einen Schlauch 49 mit einem weiteren Staubauffangkopf der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung 41 verbunden wird. Jedem Bürstenhalter der elektrischen Maschine ist ein Staubauffangkopf der Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung 41 zugeordnet .FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a brush dust collecting device 41. It comprises a dust collecting head 42, a hose system 43 which connects the dust collecting head 42 to a fan 44 and further to a collecting container 45. A filter 46 is arranged in the collecting container 45, which filters out brush dust from the air flowing through the filter 46. The brush dust 48 collects in the collecting container 45. The collecting container 45 is followed by a pipe system 47 which directs the air out of the brush dust collecting device 41. A branch is arranged in the hose system 43 and is connected by a hose 49 to a further dust collecting head of the brush dust collecting device 41. Each brush holder of the electrical machine is one Dust collecting head assigned to the brush dust collecting device 41.
Der von der Bürste 50 des Bürstenhalters 51 vom Schleifring 52 abgeriebene Bürstenstaub wird durch den Ventilator 44 in die Einlaßöffnung 53 des Staubauffangkopfes 42 gesogen. Zur Verstärkung des Luftstroms in den Staubauffangkopf 42 ist der Staubauffangkopf 42 so gestaltet, daß der Abstand Ai zwischen Schleifring 52 und der vorderen Kante des Staubauffangkopfes 42 größer ist als der Abstand A2 zwischen Schleifring 52 und der hinteren Kante des Staubauffangkopfes 42. Vorne und hinten wird durch die Drehrichtung 54 des Schleifrings 52 bestimmt . The brush dust rubbed off the slip ring 52 by the brush 50 of the brush holder 51 is drawn into the inlet opening 53 of the dust collecting head 42 by the fan 44. To increase the air flow into the dust collecting head 42, the dust collecting head 42 is designed such that the distance Ai between the slip ring 52 and the front edge of the dust collecting head 42 is greater than the distance A 2 between the slip ring 52 and the rear edge of the dust collecting head 42. Front and rear is determined by the direction of rotation 54 of the slip ring 52.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Elektrische Maschine mit einem Schleifring (1,11,23,52) und einem Bürstenhalter (3,12,22,51), g e k e n n - z e i c h n e t d u r c h eine Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung (41), die einen Staubauffangkopf (6,13,21,42) umfaßt, der in unmittelbarer Nahe zum Schleifring (1,11,23,52) angeordnet ist.1. Electrical machine with a slip ring (1, 11, 23, 52) and a brush holder (3, 12, 22, 51), characterized by a brush dust collecting device (41) which has a dust collecting head (6, 13, 21, 42). comprises, which is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the slip ring (1,11,23,52).
2. Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Staubauffangkopf (6,13,21,42) eine Einlaßöffnung (7,17,25,53) umfaßt, die in Drehrichtung des Schleifrings (1,11,23,52) gesehen unmittelbar hinter dem Bürstenhalter (3,12,22,51) angeordnet ist.2. Electrical machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the dust collecting head (6,13,21,42) comprises an inlet opening (7,17,25,53) seen in the direction of rotation of the slip ring (1,11,23,52) is arranged immediately behind the brush holder (3, 12, 22, 51).
3. Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Staubauffangkopf (6,13) Mittel (16) umfaßt, die den Burstenstaub zur Einlaßöffnung (7,17) lenken.3. Electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, so that the dust collecting head (6, 13) comprises means (16) which direct the brush dust to the inlet opening (7, 17).
4. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Staubauffangkopf (6,13,21) und der Bürstenhalter (3,12,22) eine kompakte Baueinheit bilden.4. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, so that the dust collecting head (6, 13, 21) and the brush holder (3, 12, 22) form a compact structural unit.
5. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Abstand zwischen dem Schleifring (23,52) und der - in Drehrichtung (27,54) des Schleifrings (23,52) gesehen - vorderen Kan- te (28) des Staubauffangkopfes (21,42) großer ist als der Abstand zwischen dem Schleifring (23,52) und der hinteren Kante (29) des Staubauffangkopfes (21,42).5. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance between the slip ring (23,52) and - seen in the direction of rotation (27,54) of the slip ring (23,52) - front edge (28th ) of the dust collecting head (21, 42) is greater than the distance between the slip ring (23, 52) and the rear edge (29) of the dust collecting head (21, 42).
6. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung (41) einen Auffangbehalter (45) für Burstenstaub (48) umfaßt, und daß der Staubauffangkopf (42) eine Auslaßoffnung aufweist, die durch ein Rohr- oder Schlauchsystem (43) mit dem Auffangbehalter (45) verbunden6. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the brush dust collecting device (41) comprises a collecting container (45) for brush dust (48), and that the dust collecting head (42) has an outlet opening which is connected to the collecting container (45) by a pipe or hose system (43)
7. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung (41) einen Absaugventilator (44) umfaßt.7. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, so that the brush dust collecting device (41) comprises a suction fan (44).
8. Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Bürstenstaubauffangvorrichtung (41) einen Filter (46) umfaßt, der geeignet ist, Burstenstaub (48) im Auffangbehalter (45) zurückzuhalten.8. Electrical machine according to claim 6 or 7, so that the brush dust collecting device (41) comprises a filter (46) which is suitable for retaining brush dust (48) in the collecting container (45).
9. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Schleifring (1,11) im Betrieb um eine vertikale Rotationsachse rotiert. 9. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 8, so that the slip ring (1, 11) rotates in operation about a vertical axis of rotation.
EP00941883A 1999-05-10 2000-04-27 Electric machine Expired - Lifetime EP1177607B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19921375 1999-05-10
DE19921375 1999-05-10
PCT/DE2000/001316 WO2000069049A2 (en) 1999-05-10 2000-04-27 Electric machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1177607A2 true EP1177607A2 (en) 2002-02-06
EP1177607B1 EP1177607B1 (en) 2009-03-04

Family

ID=7907494

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00941883A Expired - Lifetime EP1177607B1 (en) 1999-05-10 2000-04-27 Electric machine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6707217B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1177607B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1181608C (en)
AT (1) ATE424648T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0011512A (en)
DE (1) DE50015579D1 (en)
NO (1) NO328841B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000069049A2 (en)

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CN102403842A (en) * 2011-06-30 2012-04-04 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 Automatic-dust-collection carbon brush device
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50015579D1 (en) 2009-04-16
CN1350714A (en) 2002-05-22
BR0011512A (en) 2002-04-16
ATE424648T1 (en) 2009-03-15
WO2000069049A2 (en) 2000-11-16
WO2000069049A3 (en) 2001-04-12
EP1177607B1 (en) 2009-03-04
NO20015424D0 (en) 2001-11-06
CN1181608C (en) 2004-12-22
NO328841B1 (en) 2010-05-25
US6707217B1 (en) 2004-03-16
NO20015424L (en) 2001-11-06

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