EP1176252B1 - Calandre - Google Patents

Calandre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1176252B1
EP1176252B1 EP01115554A EP01115554A EP1176252B1 EP 1176252 B1 EP1176252 B1 EP 1176252B1 EP 01115554 A EP01115554 A EP 01115554A EP 01115554 A EP01115554 A EP 01115554A EP 1176252 B1 EP1176252 B1 EP 1176252B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
tube
calender according
cylinder
over
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01115554A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1176252A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dr. Wiemer
Joachim Dipl.-Ing. Hinz
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Schneid
Franz-Peter Fuchert
Heinrich Stein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Paper Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Paper Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Paper Patent GmbH
Publication of EP1176252A1 publication Critical patent/EP1176252A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1176252B1 publication Critical patent/EP1176252B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/002—Opening or closing mechanisms; Regulating the pressure
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a calender with a stand, a lower roller and at least one arranged above Roller, wherein the lower roller via a piston stroke a cylinder having a piston lowered which is about more than 1 ⁇ 4 of that for lowering the lower roller required Kolbenhubs controlled Ausströmpfad having.
  • Such a calender is known from DE 37 02 245 A1.
  • This calender has a valve assembly Quick lowering function, as for example off DE 28 45 055 A1 is known.
  • the valve assembly has a control device at the beginning of a lowering movement Throttling devices in their largest opening state in which the throttle resistance is as small as is possible. Assembled after a predetermined time the control device increases the throttle area and the throttle resistance, to bring about a braking effect to lead.
  • the lowering of the lower roller is required to the or to open the nips of the calender.
  • Opening is not only necessary to a material web, For example, to be able to thread a paper web. It is especially necessary if a mistake occurred, for example, a tear of the paper web. Would you close the nips in this case? let the rollers of the calender damaged become.
  • the invention is based on the object, the quick release to improve the calender.
  • the resistance of the Ausströmpfad to, the further the piston retracted into the cylinder housing is.
  • This applies to the usual procedure when the nips are closed when the piston is extended are.
  • the resistance of Ausströmpfad takes the resistance of Ausströmpfad accordingly.
  • This configuration can be the speed of movement Control the roller so that it will open the opening Relatively fast, but then increasingly slower becomes. This takes the entire opening movement possibly the same length as in the known cases. The enlargement of the nip opening at the beginning of the movement but it happens faster.
  • a tube is arranged in the cylinder housing, having openings in its wall and in a bore protruding in the piston.
  • This tube then forms the variable resistances in the discharge path of the cylinder. The more openings in the wall of the tube free are given, the lower the resistance in Ausströmpfad.
  • cover He gradually more and more openings in the wall of the Tube and thus automatically increases the resistance in the discharge path.
  • the tube protrudes over the entire piston stroke into the piston. This is a speed control possible over the entire piston stroke.
  • the pipe is guided over the entire piston stroke in the piston and fixed so that error possibilities kept small become.
  • a seal is provided between the piston and the tube arranged. This results in clearly defined flow conditions created. It prevents hydraulic fluid through the gap between the piston and the tube penetrates and uncontrolled flow conditions result.
  • the tube is open at the front. This plays for the lowering movement, ie for opening the Nips, only a minor role.
  • the opening can but be beneficial when closing the nips.
  • the hydraulic fluid inside the Piston supportive so that the piston faster can be extended.
  • the tube is centric in the cylinder housing and arranged centrically to the piston. This will be unbalanced Loads avoided.
  • the openings are evenly distributed over the length of the tube. This can be realized, for example, by the fact that the openings are all the same size and in the longitudinal direction are arranged at equal intervals. Naturally It is also possible to have several openings in the same "Altitude" to distribute around the circumference of the tube around. Now when the piston is retracted into the cylinder housing becomes, then it covers a quasi linear ever larger Expected opening area and reduces it the outflow cross section. Due to the discrete distribution Of course, the openings will become discontinuous done, but of secondary importance is. But you can do such a linear behavior also by creating different sizes Openings at different distances over the length of the pipe. With such a linear Behavior is achieved by a quasi-linear velocity decrease.
  • the openings after a predetermined non-linear function distributed over the length of the pipe are where the outflow cross section to the end the stroke decreases disproportionately.
  • the outflow cross section is therefore still the smallest at the end the lifting movement.
  • the increase of the cross section during extension of the piston or vice versa the decrease of the cross section
  • when retracting the piston takes place not linear but according to another function, preferably a quadratic function. That's it possible, at the beginning of the piston movement a far to provide a larger outflow cross section, which allows a faster piston movement, while the Pistons braked more towards the end of the movement becomes.
  • cylinders also called Compensating cylinder can be called support directly or indirectly on the stand or frame of the Calander off. They have different tasks. While the operation in which a web of material is satin, compensate for overhanging loads on the rollers, For example, guide rollers or scrapers, or a part the roller load itself. In the calender according to the beginning mentioned US 5,806,415 will even complete Roll weight collected by these cylinders.
  • the Ausströmpfad with a control device connected, which is a drop in pressure in the cylinder housing prevented.
  • a control device connected, which is a drop in pressure in the cylinder housing prevented.
  • the Cylinders take over part of the load, resulting in expresses a corresponding pressure in the cylinder. If so the support from the lower rollers is eliminated then the pressure in the cylinder increases accordingly.
  • the control device ensures that hydraulic fluid can escape from the cylinders. she but at the same time ensures that the pressure in the cylinder does not sink, so the roller still from held by a certain force.
  • the lowering movement can be well controlled so that a collision can be avoided by rollers.
  • the pressure in the cylinder slightly increased when retracting the piston. This improves the "braking behavior" at the end of the movement. Only then, when the roller reaches its "final position” at which the corresponding nips completely opened are, the pressure is reduced.
  • the roller or the lever for example, on one Sit on end stop.
  • the cylinders have different center rolls with closed nips different resistances the Ausströmpfade on, with the resistors increase from bottom to top.
  • the top center roll Basically, you just have to go the way that the desired Nipö réelle corresponds.
  • the next center roller already has to travel twice as long namely the way to the nip between the second top and the next center roller to the predetermined Amount to open plus the opening width of the top nips.
  • the resistance in the Ausströmpfaden is avoided chosen so that the top roller slowest falls and the initial speeds of the rolls when opening is increased from top to bottom. This can be relatively easily realized by that already different before the roll movement starts Resistors are present in the Ausströmpfaden.
  • the Roller with the lowest resistance in the discharge path can the hydraulic fluid from the cylinder at displace fastest and accordingly in the same Time to travel a long way.
  • the cylinders are identical to each other, but different with closed nips widely extended pistons.
  • the resistance in the Ausströmpfaden of the position of the piston dependent is, then this gives a relatively simple way different, despite the same cylinder Flow resistances for different roll positions provided.
  • Such a retracted piston is be found at a higher up roller.
  • the bottom center roll has the furthest extended Piston and accordingly the lowest flow resistance in the discharge path.
  • At least one cylinder with a pipe at least one elongated opening, whose width varies along the length of the tube.
  • At least one cylinder a Tube having a plurality of elongated openings, the extend parallel to the axis of the tube and different have axial lengths. Due to the different axial lengths result in a axial movement of the piston relative to the tube different Degree of coverage of the openings, so that one also in this way a change in the Ausströmqueritess can reach.
  • a pipe in the cylinder housing, a pipe is arranged on its outside a recess arrangement with one over the axial length variable cross-sectional area has, and a seal on the tube axially displaceable is, wherein the recess arrangement is an adjustable Choke forms.
  • the seal is on the piston arranged. It basically prevents a passage of hydraulic fluid through the gap between Pipe and piston.
  • An exception here is the recess arrangement. In this area is between the Seal and the tube created a defined gap, by the hydraulic fluid from the cylinder housing can enter the room in the flask, which is to take up de pipe is provided. From this room can the Hydraulic fluid then drain through the pipe. Even this way it is with relatively simple means possible to have a controlled discharge path ready put.
  • the recess arrangement at least a recess on whose width and / or depth in Axial direction varies.
  • width is the extent meant in the circumferential direction.
  • change of the cross section of the recess in width or Depth direction can be a change in the Ausströmqueritess cause.
  • the recess arrangement a plurality of axially parallel recesses having different lengths, if all the recesses are below the seal are located, there is a relatively large flow cross-section to disposal. If due to a shorter length of the remaining recesses only one recess of the Gasket is covered, the flow cross section has reduced accordingly.
  • Fig. 1 shows a calender 1 with a stand 2, on a top roller 3 with Mantelhub 4 and a lower roller 5 on a cylinder 6, which in the following also as "Anstellzylinder” is called, are arranged. Between the upper roller 3 and the lower roller 5 are located several central rollers 7-10, which are mounted on levers 11-14 are. The levers are around bearing points 15-18 am Stand 2 pivotable.
  • the cylinder 6 generates the one hand for satining the material web 24 required pressure in the nips 19th to 23, as it is known.
  • the cylinder 6 But must also be able to the lower roller 5 as possible quickly lower so the nips 19-23 in the Error case can be opened.
  • Such an error case For example, by an outline of the web educated. This could be the lower roller just "drop". This would be a relative one rapid lowering movement, but would have the consequence that the Lower roller through the abrupt following at the end of the movement Stop is damaged.
  • Fig. 2 shows the cylinder 6 with extended Piston rod 37
  • Fig. 3 the cylinder 6 with retracted Piston rod 37 shows.
  • the cylinder 6 is rotated by 180 ° relative to the illustration of FIG. 1, to show that the mounting position under the Viewpoint of the variable outflow cross section does not matter.
  • the piston rod 37 is arranged on a piston 38, which is movable in a cylinder housing 39.
  • the piston 38 passes through a cover plate 40 of the cylinder housing 39 and is opposite the peripheral wall of the Cylinder housing guided with a front plate 41, the is fastened by means of bolts 42 on the piston 38.
  • Of the Piston 38 has a central bore 43 which extends over almost the entire length of the piston 38 and at least as long as it is the stroke H of the piston 38.
  • the tube 44 In the bore 43 projects into a tube 44, which is on the cylinder housing 39, more precisely on a base plate 45 is attached.
  • the tube 44 has a frontal Opening 46, which opens into the bore 43.
  • the pipe 44 is surrounded by a seal 47, which at the front End of the piston 38 so arranged in the bore 43 is that it rests sealingly on the tube 44.
  • the End plate 41 surrounds the tube 44 with a predetermined Abtand, so that between the end plate 41st and the tube 44, an annular space 48 is formed.
  • the tube 44 has in its wall a plurality of openings 49 up, extending from one inside the tube extend trained channel 50 to the pressure chamber 51, when the piston 38 is extended.
  • the channel 50 is connected to a drain port 52.
  • the pressure chamber 51 has another terminal 53. Through this connection 53 can be, for example, the pressure of Hydraulikfluüstechnik in the pressure chamber 51 determine. It is but also possible, here to close the faster Nips 19-23 supply hydraulic fluid.
  • the cylinder housing 39 still has a leakage oil connection 54 on, by the hydraulic fluid, which is connected to a Sealing arrangement 55 of the end plate 51 has penetrated past is, can be removed.
  • each lever is 11-14 over each one Cylinder 26-29, which is also referred to as "Compensation cylinder” is called, on the stand 2 supported.
  • the cylinders 26-29 are all identical. Its operating principle corresponds to that of the adjusting cylinder 6. The only difference is in the Attachment to the stand, more precisely at the distance an attachment point 30-33 from the lever 11-14 in the illustrated operating position. Accordingly For example, the piston rods 34-37 of the cylinders 26-29 are different far out.
  • the rollers 3, 5, 7-10 to disassemble to open the nips 19-23.
  • the top center roller 7 has lowered so far be that the nip 19 a predetermined height, for example 100 mm, receives.
  • the next lower middle roll then has to be lowered twice as far so that the nip 20 receive this opening height can.
  • the opening movement on the one hand as possible can be done quickly, it being sufficient if the first millimeter of nip height reached relatively quickly becomes.
  • the cylinders 26-29 basically have the same structure, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 in connection with the cylinder 6 has been explained.
  • FIG. 4 represents two different alternatives.
  • circles is the History, which results when the Openings 49 in the axial direction uniformly over the length of the tube 44 are distributed. In this case achieved the piston relatively fast its maximum speed. This speed then drops until it reaches it the end position at about 100 mm from linear.
  • a alternative embodiment marked with X
  • the openings 49 on a square function over the length of the tube 44 is distributed, i. in the farthest extended position of the piston 38 is a disproportionately large outflow area through the openings 49 released at the end of the stroke (Fig. 3) greatly reduced. In this case, over a longer drive a greater speed reached.
  • Fig. 5 shows the velocity distribution over the Time. After about half a second is the maximum Falling speed of the levers 11-14 reached. These then decreases almost linearly. The small gradations result because the openings 49 are not continuous decreasing outflow area available but a gradual reduction.
  • Fig. 6 shows the pressure conditions in the pressure chamber 51. Der Pressure rises slightly. The spikes in the curve are due to the fact that in a sweeping a Openings 49 through the seal 47 a short pressure surge he follows.
  • the piston rods 34-37 of the individual center rollers 7-10 different far out, i. the piston rod 37 and the so connected piston 38 is on the cylinder 29 on extended as the cylinder 26. Accordingly, stand at the beginning of an opening movement in the cylinder 29th significantly more openings 49 for the outflow of the hydraulic fluid available as the cylinder 26th This has the consequence that the lever 14 substantially can move faster than the lever 11. So that moves Although the center roller 7 during an opening movement while slower than the center roller 10. The opening speed However, it is sufficient to the desired Nipö réelle of the nip 19 to achieve.
  • All middle rollers 7-10 move with the maximum Speed, with this speed too Beginning of the opening movement is greater than the end.
  • the velocity distribution is but from below graded upward so that the lower one Roller moves faster than the one above it. In order to is a collision between adjacent rolls excluded when opening the nips 19-23.
  • Fig. 7 shows a modified embodiment of the tube 44. Instead of the plurality of openings 49 is only still provided an exaggerated opening A, whose width changes from bottom to top. If now the direction shown schematically 47 is moved over the opening, then connects the free flow cross section.
  • Fig. 8 shows a corresponding embodiment of the tube 44.
  • a recess A are a variety provided by axially parallel recesses B, all begin at the same axial position on the tube 44, but have different axial lengths.
  • the gasket 47 is in a position, where it covers a large number of recesses B, then is a correspondingly large flow cross-section for Available. If the seal 47 pushed further up has been, then the number of recesses B, through which fluid can pass, accordingly reduced.

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Claims (20)

  1. Calandre comprenant un montant (2), un rouleau inférieur (5) et au moins un rouleau disposé par-dessus (7 - 10), le rouleau inférieur (5) pouvant être abaissé par le biais d'une course de piston d'un cylindre (6) présentant un piston (38), lequel présente un chemin d'échappement commandé sur plus de 1/4 de la course du piston nécessaire pour abaisser le rouleau inférieur (5), caractérisée en ce que le chemin d'échappement est commandé par un mouvement du piston (38) par rapport au logement de cylindre (39), le piston (38) modifiant lors de son déplacement une section transversale d'échappement.
  2. Calandre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la résistance du chemin d'échappement augmente plus le piston (38) est enfoncé dans le logement de cylindre (39).
  3. Calandre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'on dispose dans le logement de cylindre (39) un tube (44) qui présente des ouvertures (49) dans sa paroi et qui pénètre dans un alésage (43) dans le piston (38).
  4. Calandre selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le tube (44) pénètre dans le piston (38) sur toute la course du piston (H).
  5. Calandre selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce que l'on prévoit un joint d'étanchéité (47) entre le piston (38) et le tube (44).
  6. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le tube (44) est ouvert du côté frontal.
  7. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le tube (44) est disposé centralement dans le logement de cylindre (39) et centralement par rapport au piston (38).
  8. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisée en ce que les ouvertures (49) sont réparties uniformément sur la longueur du tube (44).
  9. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisée en ce que les ouvertures (49) sont réparties sur la longueur du tube (44) suivant une fonction prédéterminée non linéaire, dans laquelle la section transversale d'échappement diminue de manière surproportionnelle vers la fin du mouvement de la course.
  10. Calandre selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la fonction est une fonction quadratique.
  11. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que l'on prévoit au-dessus du rouleau inférieur (5) au moins deux rouleaux intermédiaires (7 - 10) et par-dessus ceux-ci un rouleau supérieur (3), les rouleaux intermédiaires (7 - 10) étant supportés sur le montant par le biais de cylindres (26 - 29) qui présentent un chemin d'échappement commandé sur plus de 3/4 de la course de piston nécessaire pour l'abaissement du rouleau intermédiaire respectif (7 - 10).
  12. Calandre selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que le chemin d'échappement est associé à un dispositif de commande qui empêche une diminution de la pression dans le logement de cylindre (39).
  13. Calandre selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de commande augmente légèrement la pression dans le cylindre (39) lors de l'enfoncement du piston (38).
  14. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisée en ce que les cylindres (26 - 29) de différents rouleaux intermédiaires (7 - 10) présentent pour des lignes de contact fermées (19 - 23) des résistances différentes des chemins d'échappement, les résistances augmentant de bas en haut.
  15. Calandre selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que les cylindres (26 - 29) sont réalisés de manière identique les uns aux autres, mais présentent des pistons (38) sortis à une distance différente pour des lignes de contact fermées (19 - 23).
  16. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 15, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un cylindre (6, 26 - 29) présente un tube (44) avec au moins une ouverture oblongue (A) dont la largeur varie le long de l'étendue longitudinale du tube.
  17. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 15, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un cylindre (6, 26 - 29) présente un tube (44) avec plusieurs ouvertures oblongues (B), qui s'étendent parallèlement à l'axe du tube (44) et qui présentent des longueurs axiales différentes.
  18. Calandre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'un tube (44) est prévu dans le logement de cylindre (39), lequel présente sur son côté extérieur un agencement d'évidement avec une surface en section transversale variable sur la longueur axiale, et un joint d'étanchéité (47) est déplaçable axialement sur le tube (44), l'agencement d'évidement (A, B) formant un étranglement réglable.
  19. Calandre selon la revendication 18, caractérisée en ce que l'agencement d'évidement présente au moins un évidement (A) dont la largeur et/ou la profondeur varie dans la direction axiale.
  20. Calandre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 18 ou 19, caractérisée en ce que l'agencement d'évidement présente plusieurs évidements d'axes parallèles (B), qui présentent des longueurs différentes.
EP01115554A 2000-07-26 2001-06-28 Calandre Expired - Lifetime EP1176252B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20012878U 2000-07-26
DE20012878U DE20012878U1 (de) 2000-07-26 2000-07-26 Kalander

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1176252A1 EP1176252A1 (fr) 2002-01-30
EP1176252B1 true EP1176252B1 (fr) 2005-04-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01115554A Expired - Lifetime EP1176252B1 (fr) 2000-07-26 2001-06-28 Calandre

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EP (1) EP1176252B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE20012878U1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009046053A1 (de) 2009-10-27 2011-05-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Öffnen eines Nips
DE102010061749A1 (de) 2010-11-23 2012-05-24 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Öffnen eines Nips

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2845055C3 (de) * 1978-10-16 1982-04-15 Kleinewefers Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld Verfahren zum schnellen Trennen der Walzen eines Kalanders und Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung
DE3702245C3 (de) * 1987-01-27 1993-12-23 Kleinewefers Gmbh Kalander

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009046053A1 (de) 2009-10-27 2011-05-05 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Öffnen eines Nips
DE102010061749A1 (de) 2010-11-23 2012-05-24 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Öffnen eines Nips

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1176252A1 (fr) 2002-01-30
DE20012878U1 (de) 2000-10-05
DE50105888D1 (de) 2005-05-19

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