EP1176076A2 - Brake system with compressed air for rail vehicles - Google Patents

Brake system with compressed air for rail vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1176076A2
EP1176076A2 EP01117699A EP01117699A EP1176076A2 EP 1176076 A2 EP1176076 A2 EP 1176076A2 EP 01117699 A EP01117699 A EP 01117699A EP 01117699 A EP01117699 A EP 01117699A EP 1176076 A2 EP1176076 A2 EP 1176076A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
shut
brake system
line
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01117699A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1176076B1 (en
EP1176076A3 (en
Inventor
Martin Huber
Burkhard Dr. Lege
Bernhard PÖSEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1176076A2 publication Critical patent/EP1176076A2/en
Publication of EP1176076A3 publication Critical patent/EP1176076A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1176076B1 publication Critical patent/EP1176076B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T15/00—Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
    • B60T15/02—Application and release valves
    • B60T15/021—Railway control or brake valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brake system with a main air line, which is assigned a vent valve.
  • the emergency brake interventions must be highly reliable because they are safety-relevant.
  • locomotive stands for any rail locomotive.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a braking system with that guaranteed without additional operating action is that while the electronics of the train protection systems runs high, no ventilation of the main air line possible is.
  • towing is to be carried out with simple means Locomotive may be possible.
  • Vent valve is a shut-off valve upstream.
  • the advantage is achieved that even a short-term Open the vent valve during a system check not to one before starting the locomotive Perform emergency braking by venting the main air line can.
  • shut-off valve is one of one Control pressure acted upon control line and is open at high control pressure and closed at low control pressure. This makes it easy to use.
  • shut-off valve there is a choke in the control line and parallel to the throttle a permeable away from the shut-off valve Check valve. If e.g. when upgrading the locomotive before commissioning the control pressure in the control line increases, the control chamber of the shut-off valve is conditioned through the throttle, slowed down by the pressure, so that the shut-off valve opens with a time delay and the brake starts up with a time delay. During this period can advantageously open the relief valve for a short time not for bleeding during a system check the main air line and cause braking.
  • shut-off valve can only be opened with a time delay, it can be quickly brought into the closed state.
  • an air tank is in series with the throttle connected. This affects the pressure reduction in the control room little out.
  • the throttle causes the air tank to overflow the throttle an air volume increased by the volume of the air container must be supplied before the shut-off valve opens.
  • the time delay between an increase in pressure in the Control line of the shut-off valve and the opening of the shut-off valve is further enlarged.
  • the advantage is achieved that in a test of a train protection system, especially in the Depot, a ventilation of the main air line is prevented.
  • the braking system according to the invention is based on the drawing explained in more detail:
  • a vent line 3 goes out into the Filter 4, a shut-off valve 5 and a vent valve 6 are integrated one after the other.
  • the braking system 2 that out multiple brakes can be ineffective as long as the required pressure in the main air line 1 is present. By opening the bleed valve 6, the brake system 2 usually activated.
  • the shut-off valve 5 is via a control line 7, which of a multi-way stopcock 8 known as such, can be charged with a control pressure. If the multiple shut-off valve 8 the control line 7 with a pressure-carrying system, e.g. with a compressor that connects is the shut-off valve 5 opened and the main air line 1 is vented, what activates the brake system 2. To deactivate the braking system 2 what is required to tow the locomotive it is sufficient if the control line 7 through the multiple shut-off valve 8 is vented. Then the shut-off valve 5 closes and pressure can build up again in the main air line 1 and open the brake system 2 (no braking).
  • a pressure-carrying system e.g. with a compressor that connects
  • the electronics of train protection systems are particularly in the depot tested that act on the vent valve 6. During these self tests it is not intended to vent the Main air line 1 come through the vent valve 6. To no additional operating actions should be necessary.
  • a throttle 9 is located in the control line 7. Parallel to the throttle 9 is a permeable away from the shut-off valve 5 Check valve 10 arranged.
  • shut-off valve When the pressure in the control line 7 increases, the shut-off valve remains 5 initially closed because the pressure in his control room due to the throttle 9 only slowly can build up. The build-up of pressure is slowed even further through an air tank 11, which is in series with the throttle 9 is switched and must be filled before the pressure builds up can affect the shut-off valve 5.
  • the shut-off valve 5 is used when upgrading the locomotive the delay only opens when self-tests of the train protection system 12, referring to the position of the vent valve 6 can have an impact.
  • shut-off valve 5 can consequently be closed without delay if necessary is. For example, towing the locomotive is through closing the shut-off valve 5 ensures that not is braked. It occurs when the control line 7 is vented not a time delay when switching the Shut-off valve 5.
  • shut-off valve 5 in connection with the throttle 9 and the check valve 10, especially with the air tank 11, the vent line 3 Opened with a time delay when upgrading the locomotive to enable self-tests on the train protection system 12.
  • a fast, undelayed one Closing the shut-off valve 5 due to the check valve 10 is possible, so that the braking system 2 in a simple manner kept open for towing the locomotive, so not can be kept braking.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Control Valves For Brake Systems (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The brake system has a main air line (1) including a vent valve (6) to which is connected a shut-off valve (5). The shut-off valve is connected to a control line (7) charged with control pressure and opens with high control pressure and closed with low control pressure. A restrictor (9) is connected into the control line, and a check valve (10) is located parallel to the restrictor and transmitting in the direction away from the shut-off valve. An air cylinder (11) is connected to the restrictor.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bremssystem mit einer Hauptluftleitung, der ein Entlüftungsventil zugeordnet ist.The invention relates to a brake system with a main air line, which is assigned a vent valve.

Eine Lokomotive, die mit einem oder mehreren Zugsicherungssystemen ausgerüstet ist, muss eine oder mehrere Einrichtungen für Zwangsbremseingriffe besitzen, die es den Zugsicherungssystemen ermöglichen, die Hauptluftleitung der Lokomotive, z.B. über das Entlüftungsventil zu entlüften und damit eine Bremsung einzuleiten. Die Zwangsbremseingriffe müssen hoch zuverlässig sein, da sie sicherheitsrelevant sind. Lokomotive steht für ein beliebiges Schienentriebfahrzeug.A locomotive with one or more train protection systems equipped, one or more facilities for emergency braking interventions that it the train protection systems enable the main air duct of the locomotive, e.g. to vent through the vent valve and thus initiate braking. The emergency brake interventions must be highly reliable because they are safety-relevant. locomotive stands for any rail locomotive.

Es ist bereits bekannt, dass nach dem Einschalten einer Lokomotive, während die Elektronik der Zugsicherungssysteme hoch läuft, Selbsttests durchgeführt werden. Sollte während dieser Tests durch die Elektronik eine Zwangsbremsung gefordert werden, soll nicht gebremst werden, selbst dann nicht, wenn das Entlüftungsventil geöffnet wird. Die Hauptluftleitung soll also nicht entlüftet werden.It is already known that after turning on a locomotive, while the electronics of the train protection systems are high running, self-tests are carried out. Should during this Tests by the electronics are called for emergency braking, should not be slowed down, even if that Vent valve is opened. The main air line should so not be vented.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Bremssystem anzugeben, mit dem ohne zusätzliche Bedienhandlung gewährleistet ist, dass während die Elektronik der Zugsicherungssysteme hoch läuft, keine Entlüftung der Hauptluftleitung möglich ist. Außerdem soll mit einfachen Mitteln ein Abschleppen der Lokomotive möglich sein.The invention has for its object to provide a braking system with that guaranteed without additional operating action is that while the electronics of the train protection systems runs high, no ventilation of the main air line possible is. In addition, towing is to be carried out with simple means Locomotive may be possible.

Die Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass dem Entlüftungsventil ein Absperrventil vorgeschaltet ist.The object is achieved according to the invention in that the Vent valve is a shut-off valve upstream.

Damit wird der Vorteil erzielt, dass es zum Abschleppen einer Lokomotive ausreicht, wenn nur das Absperrventil geschlossen ist. Es müssen also nicht mehrere Ventile betätigt werden. This has the advantage of being able to tow a Locomotive is sufficient if only the shut-off valve is closed is. It is therefore not necessary to operate several valves.

Insbesondere wird der Vorteil erzielt, dass selbst ein kurzzeitiges Öffnen des Entlüftungsventils während einer Systemüberprüfung vor dem Anfahren der Lokomotive nicht zu einer Zwangsbremsung durch Entlüftung der Hauptluftleitung führen kann.In particular, the advantage is achieved that even a short-term Open the vent valve during a system check not to one before starting the locomotive Perform emergency braking by venting the main air line can.

Beispielsweise ist das Absperrventil mit einer von einem Steuerdruck beaufschlagbaren Steuerleitung verbunden und ist bei hohem Steuerdruck offen und bei niedrigem Steuerdruck geschlossen. Es ist dadurch in einfacher Weise zu bedienen.For example, the shut-off valve is one of one Control pressure acted upon control line and is open at high control pressure and closed at low control pressure. This makes it easy to use.

Beispielsweise befindet sich in der Steuerleitung eine Drossel und parallel zur Drossel ein vom Absperrventil weg durchlässiges Rückschlagventil. Falls z.B. beim Aufrüsten der Lokomotive vor der Inbetriebnahme der Steuerdruck in der Steuerleitung steigt, wird der Steuerraum des Absperrventils, bedingt durch die Drossel, verlangsamt vom Druck beaufschlagt, so dass das Absperrventil zeitverzögert öffnet und die Bremse zeitverzögert in Betrieb setzt. Während dieser Zeitspanne kann vorteilhafterweise ein kurzzeitiges Öffnen des Entlastungsventils während einer Systemüberprüfung nicht zur Entlüftung der Hauptluftleitung und zum Bremsen führen.For example, there is a choke in the control line and parallel to the throttle a permeable away from the shut-off valve Check valve. If e.g. when upgrading the locomotive before commissioning the control pressure in the control line increases, the control chamber of the shut-off valve is conditioned through the throttle, slowed down by the pressure, so that the shut-off valve opens with a time delay and the brake starts up with a time delay. During this period can advantageously open the relief valve for a short time not for bleeding during a system check the main air line and cause braking.

Wenn dann der Steuerdruck in der Steuerleitung erniedrigt wird, wird der Steuerraum des Absperrventils über das Rückschlagventil schnell vom Druck entlastet, so dass das Absperrventil schnell schließt und die Bremse löst.Then when the control pressure in the control line decreases the control chamber of the shut-off valve is via the check valve quickly relieved of pressure so that the shut-off valve quickly closes and the brake releases.

Während das Absperrventil nur zeitverzögert zu öffnen ist, kann es schnell in den Schließzustand überführt werden.While the shut-off valve can only be opened with a time delay, it can be quickly brought into the closed state.

Mit der Drossel ist beispielsweise ein Luftbehälter in Serie geschaltet. Dieser wirkt sich beim Druckabbau im Steuerraum nur wenig aus. Bei einem Druckaufbau im Steuerraum über die Drossel bewirkt der Luftbehälter jedoch, dass über die Drossel ein um das Volumen des Luftbehälters vergrößertes Luftvolumen zugeleitet werden muss, bevor das Absperrventil öffnet. For example, an air tank is in series with the throttle connected. This affects the pressure reduction in the control room little out. When pressure builds up in the control room via the However, the throttle causes the air tank to overflow the throttle an air volume increased by the volume of the air container must be supplied before the shut-off valve opens.

Die zeitliche Verzögerung zwischen einem Druckanstieg in der Steuerleitung des Absperrventils und dem Öffnen des Absperrventils wird dadurch weiter vergrößert.The time delay between an increase in pressure in the Control line of the shut-off valve and the opening of the shut-off valve is further enlarged.

Mit der Erfindung wird insbesondere der Vorteil erzielt, dass bei einem Test eines Zugsicherungssystems, insbesondere im Depot, ein Entlüften der Hauptluftleitung verhindert wird.With the invention, in particular, the advantage is achieved that in a test of a train protection system, especially in the Depot, a ventilation of the main air line is prevented.

Das Bremssystem nach der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert:The braking system according to the invention is based on the drawing explained in more detail:

Von einer Hauptluftleitung 1, die mit einem Bremssystem 2 verbunden ist, geht eine Entlüftungsleitung 3 aus, in die ein Filter 4, ein Absperrventil 5 und ein Entlüftungsventil 6 hintereinander eingebunden sind. Das Bremssystem 2, das aus mehreren Bremsen bestehen kann, ist unwirksam, solange der erforderliche Druck in der Hauptluftleitung 1 vorhanden ist. Durch Öffnen des Entlüftungsventils 6 wird das Bremssystem 2 in der Regel aktiviert.From a main air line 1 connected to a brake system 2 is connected, a vent line 3 goes out into the Filter 4, a shut-off valve 5 and a vent valve 6 are integrated one after the other. The braking system 2 that out multiple brakes can be ineffective as long as the required pressure in the main air line 1 is present. By opening the bleed valve 6, the brake system 2 usually activated.

Das Absperrventil 5 ist über eine Steuerleitung 7, die von einem als solchen bekannten Vielfachabsperrhahn 8 ausgeht, mit einem Steuerdruck beaufschlagbar. Wenn der Vielfachabsperrhahn 8 die Steuerleitung 7 mit einem druckführenden System, z.B. mit einem Kompressor, verbindet, ist das Absperrventil 5 geöffnet und die Hauptluftleitung 1 ist entlüftet, was das Bremssystem 2 aktiviert. Zum Deaktivieren des Bremssystems 2, was zum Abschleppen der Lokomotive nötig ist, reicht es aus, wenn die Steuerleitung 7 durch den Vielfachabsperrhahn 8 entlüftet wird. Dann schließt das Absperrventil 5 und in der Hauptluftleitung 1 kann sich wieder ein Druck aufbauen und das Bremssystem 2 öffnen (kein Bremsen).The shut-off valve 5 is via a control line 7, which of a multi-way stopcock 8 known as such, can be charged with a control pressure. If the multiple shut-off valve 8 the control line 7 with a pressure-carrying system, e.g. with a compressor that connects is the shut-off valve 5 opened and the main air line 1 is vented, what activates the brake system 2. To deactivate the braking system 2 what is required to tow the locomotive it is sufficient if the control line 7 through the multiple shut-off valve 8 is vented. Then the shut-off valve 5 closes and pressure can build up again in the main air line 1 and open the brake system 2 (no braking).

Insbesondere im Depot wird die Elektronik von Zugsicherungssystemen getestet, die auf das Entlüftungsventil 6 einwirken. Während dieser Selbsttests soll es nicht zur Entlüftung der Hauptluftleitung 1 über das Entlüftungsventil 6 kommen. Dazu sollen keine zusätzlichen Bedienhandlungen notwendig sein. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dient das Absperrventil 5, mit dem die Entlüftungsleitung 3 während des Selbsttests geschlossen gehalten werden kann, so dass der Schallzustand des Entlüftungsventils 6 keine Rolle spielt.The electronics of train protection systems are particularly in the depot tested that act on the vent valve 6. During these self tests it is not intended to vent the Main air line 1 come through the vent valve 6. To no additional operating actions should be necessary. The shut-off valve 5, with which the vent line 3 closed during the self-test can be held so that the sound level of the vent valve 6 doesn't matter.

In der Steuerleitung 7 befindet sich eine Drossel 9. Parallel zur Drossel 9 ist ein vom Absperrventil 5 weg durchlässiges Rückschlagventil 10 angeordnet.A throttle 9 is located in the control line 7. Parallel to the throttle 9 is a permeable away from the shut-off valve 5 Check valve 10 arranged.

Wenn der Druck in der Seuerleitung 7 ansteigt, bleibt das Absperrventil 5 zunächst noch geschlossen, da sich der Druck in seinem Steuerraum bedingt durch die Drossel 9 nur langsam aufbauen kann. Der Druckaufbau wird noch weiter verlangsamt durch einen Luftbehälter 11, der mit der Drossel 9 in Serie geschaltet ist und gefüllt werden muss, bevor sich der Druckaufbau auf das Absperrventil 5 auswirken kann.When the pressure in the control line 7 increases, the shut-off valve remains 5 initially closed because the pressure in his control room due to the throttle 9 only slowly can build up. The build-up of pressure is slowed even further through an air tank 11, which is in series with the throttle 9 is switched and must be filled before the pressure builds up can affect the shut-off valve 5.

Das Absperrventil 5 wird beim Aufrüsten der Lokomotive durch die Verzögerung erst dann geöffnet, wenn Selbsttests des Zugsicherungssystems 12, die sich auf die Stellung des Entlüftungsventils 6 auswirken können, abgeschlossen sind.The shut-off valve 5 is used when upgrading the locomotive the delay only opens when self-tests of the train protection system 12, referring to the position of the vent valve 6 can have an impact.

Wenn zum Schließen des Absperrventils 5 die Steuerleitung 7 z.B. am vorher geschlossenen Vielfachabsperrhahn 8 entlüftet wird, sinkt der Druck über das Rückschlagventil 10 schnell und nicht zeitverzögert ab. Das Absperrventil 5 kann folglich ohne Verzögerung geschlossen werden, falls das erforderlich ist. Beispielsweise zum Abschleppen der Lokomotive ist durch das Schließen des Absperrventils 5 sichergestellt, dass nicht gebremst wird. Es kommt beim Entlüften der Steuerleitung 7 nicht zu einer zeitlichen Verzögerung bei der Schaltung des Absperrventils 5.If the control line 7 for closing the shut-off valve 5 e.g. vented on the previously closed multiple shut-off valve 8 is, the pressure drops quickly via the check valve 10 and not delayed. The shut-off valve 5 can consequently be closed without delay if necessary is. For example, towing the locomotive is through closing the shut-off valve 5 ensures that not is braked. It occurs when the control line 7 is vented not a time delay when switching the Shut-off valve 5.

Es wird der Vorteil erzielt, dass durch das Absperrventil 5 in Verbindung mit der Drossel 9 und dem Rückschlagventil 10, insbesondere auch mit dem Luftbehälter 11, die Entlüftungsleitung 3 beim Aufrüsten der Lokomotive nur zeitverzögert geöffnet wird, um Selbsttests am Zugsicherungssystem 12 zu ermöglichen. Andererseits ist ein schnelles, unverzögertes Schließen des Absperrventils 5 aufgrund des Rückschlagventils 10 möglich ist, so dass das Bremssystem 2 in einfacher Weise für das Abschleppen der Lokomotive offen gehalten, also nicht bremsend gehalten werden kann.The advantage is achieved that the shut-off valve 5 in connection with the throttle 9 and the check valve 10, especially with the air tank 11, the vent line 3 Opened with a time delay when upgrading the locomotive to enable self-tests on the train protection system 12. On the other hand is a fast, undelayed one Closing the shut-off valve 5 due to the check valve 10 is possible, so that the braking system 2 in a simple manner kept open for towing the locomotive, so not can be kept braking.

Claims (4)

Bremssystem (2) mit einer Hauptluftleitung (1), der ein Entlüftungsventil (6) zugeordnet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Entlüftungsvenitl (6) ein Absperrventil (5) vorgeschaltet ist.Brake system (2) with a main air line (1) to which a vent valve (6) is assigned,
characterized in that a shut-off valve (5) is connected upstream of the ventilation valve (6). Bremssystem nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Absperrventil (5) mit einer von einem Steuerdruck beaufschlagbaren Steuerleitung (7) verbunden ist und bei hohem Steuerdruck offen und bei niedrigem Steuerdruck geschlossen ist.Brake system according to claim 1,
characterized in that the shut-off valve (5) is connected to a control line (7) which can be acted upon by a control pressure and is open at a high control pressure and closed at a low control pressure. Bremssystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich in der Steuerleitung (7) eine Drossel (9) und parallel zur Drossel (9) ein vom Absperrventil (5) weg durchlässiges Rückschlagventil (10) befindet.Brake system according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized in that there is a throttle (9) in the control line (7) and a check valve (10) which is permeable away from the shut-off valve (5) and is parallel to the throttle (9). Bremssystem nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit der Drossel (9) ein Luftbehälter (11) in Serie geschaltet ist.Brake system according to claim 3,
characterized in that an air container (11) is connected in series with the throttle (9).
EP01117699A 2000-07-28 2001-07-26 Brake system with compressed air for rail vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP1176076B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10037267A DE10037267A1 (en) 2000-07-28 2000-07-28 braking system
DE10037267 2000-07-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1176076A2 true EP1176076A2 (en) 2002-01-30
EP1176076A3 EP1176076A3 (en) 2002-09-25
EP1176076B1 EP1176076B1 (en) 2004-06-09

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ID=7650836

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01117699A Expired - Lifetime EP1176076B1 (en) 2000-07-28 2001-07-26 Brake system with compressed air for rail vehicles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1176076B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE268710T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10037267A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1176076T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2222954T3 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2106337A1 (en) * 1971-02-10 1972-08-31 Westinghouse Bremsen- Und Apparatebau Gmbh, 3000 Hannover Anti-skid device for vehicle wheels, in particular for rail vehicles
DE2555363B1 (en) * 1975-07-04 1977-05-26 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buehrle Emergency braking device for indirectly acting compressed air brakes on rail vehicles

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2106337A1 (en) * 1971-02-10 1972-08-31 Westinghouse Bremsen- Und Apparatebau Gmbh, 3000 Hannover Anti-skid device for vehicle wheels, in particular for rail vehicles
DE2555363B1 (en) * 1975-07-04 1977-05-26 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buehrle Emergency braking device for indirectly acting compressed air brakes on rail vehicles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1176076B1 (en) 2004-06-09
DE10037267A1 (en) 2002-02-07
DK1176076T3 (en) 2004-10-11
DE50102516D1 (en) 2004-07-15
EP1176076A3 (en) 2002-09-25
ATE268710T1 (en) 2004-06-15
ES2222954T3 (en) 2005-02-16

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