EP1174529A1 - Dispositif pour la protection contre la corrosion d'un réservoir métallique - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la protection contre la corrosion d'un réservoir métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1174529A1
EP1174529A1 EP00115560A EP00115560A EP1174529A1 EP 1174529 A1 EP1174529 A1 EP 1174529A1 EP 00115560 A EP00115560 A EP 00115560A EP 00115560 A EP00115560 A EP 00115560A EP 1174529 A1 EP1174529 A1 EP 1174529A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubular element
metal
electrode
metal tubular
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00115560A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefano Meloni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merloni Termosanitari SpA
Original Assignee
Merloni Termosanitari SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merloni Termosanitari SpA filed Critical Merloni Termosanitari SpA
Priority to EP00115560A priority Critical patent/EP1174529A1/fr
Publication of EP1174529A1 publication Critical patent/EP1174529A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means
    • F24H9/455—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means for water heaters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/18—Means for supporting electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/20—Conducting electric current to electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/40—Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • F24H9/45—Arrangements for preventing corrosion for preventing galvanic corrosion, e.g. cathodic or electrolytic means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for electrochemical protection from corrosion of metal tanks for fluids, in particular metal tanks containing hot water; more in particular, the invention relates to:
  • the present invention also relates to the tanks using such a device, i.e. electric and/or gas storage water heaters.
  • the potential of the metal structure to be protected is made more negative with respect to the potential of the aggressive environment, in this particular instance water, which metal structure is exposed.
  • the potential reduction is obtained causing direct current flow from a first electrode (anode) to the metal structure to be protected, which is acting as a second electrode (cathode) through the aggressive environment being electrically conductive.
  • the current may be generated by galvanic way between a less noble metal than the one to be protected (such as Mg, Zn), acting as an anode, and the metal to be protected, which acts as a cathode electrode; this is the instance of cathode protection with a so-called sacrificial or consumable anode.
  • a less noble metal such as Mg, Zn
  • Anodic protection is only possible for so-called active-passive metals, wherein passivation phenomena are obtained at determined potentials; it is obtained bringing the structure to be protected to a higher potential than the other electrode, up to a passivation value; in this instance the structure to be protected will be the one acting as an anode; the voltage required is obtained in general by means of a voltage generator.
  • Cathode protection with a sacrificial anode is very simple and of low cost initially; however, it has the drawback of entailing anode consumption and its consequent replacement through a technical man at regular intervals; if such operation is forgotten, the tank undergoes fast corrosion.
  • Anodic protection has the advantage of requiring very low current consumption; however, in order to be efficient it requires the application of a closely controlled exact voltage value under and above of which the metal structure is not in the passivation area, and it is rapidly subject to corrosion; for these reasons the method is more suitable for protecting industrial systems rather than highly consumable products; anyway, the device covered by the present invention is well appropriate for such a protection type.
  • Patent application DE 26 21 962 provides an electrode that, fastened to two isolating supports, across the whole water heater. The metal surface is protected rather uniformly but at the cost of excessive large electrode dimensions; the suggested assembly, which is an apparently simple one, ignores the presence of internal bulky elements such as electric heaters and thermostat sheaths.
  • US patent 4 407 711 provides two embodiments for anode manufacture and assembly; they both laborious, particularly concerning electric connections.
  • US patent 4 434 039 looks like an improvement of the previous one, where an anode consisting of a filament enwrapped about a rod of isolating material ensures a more uniform current supply to the surface to be protected, since filament turns of the filament are narrower in line with the areas near to the tank covers; however, the manufacturing difficulties of the previous patent are still not resolved.
  • Utility model DE 88 15 140 provides a sacrificial electrode consisting of the sheath of the sensor of the thermostat (Fig.1) or having the electrode consist of one (Fig. 2) or more (Fig. 3) cylindrical hollow rods inserted on the thermostat sheath itself, leaving the areas housing the sensors uncovered.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is not a very realistic one, since due either to cost and/or mechanical reasons the material suitable for acting as an anode will hardly perform a sheath function too. In all the embodiments illustrated, the electrode will take an asymmetric position inside the tank.
  • Patent application EP 0 771 889 related to a cathode protection with impressed current, provides for positioning the electrode at the top of the sensors sheath cutting their end away and replacing it with a plug made from isolating material, wherein the electrode itself is engaged and connected then to the current generator by means of a cable running inside said sheath.
  • This solution quite simple from a manufacturing standpoint, allows arranging the electrode in a central position with respect to the surface to be protected; however, also this solution is not faultless.
  • the presence of the cable does not allow an intimate contact between the temperature sensors and sheath along its whole generating line; on the contrary, enough clearance must be ensured to avoid difficult insertion and/or extraction of the sensors or even breaking or loosening of the cable.
  • an electrode for anodic or cathode protection against corrosion of a metal tank wherein the electrode is arranged substantially in a central position inside the metal tank, to ensure electric connection between the electrode and the tank itself without the need of electric cables, at least for the distance between the electrode itself and the external surface of said tank.
  • a further object of the invention is to fully exclude the need of electric connecting cables for closing the electric protection circuit.
  • a further object of the invention is to use the sheath of the sensors of the thermostats for supporting the electrode, leaving the inside of the sheath fully free for the sensors themselves.
  • a further object of the present invention is to allow full automation of the connection between the electrode, sheath and current generator.
  • tubular element made of electric conductive material, covered, at least over all its external surface in contact with the corrosive environment, by a layer or film of isolating material, and bearing an electrode on one end electrically and mechanically connected to said end, whereas the other end of the tubular element is fastened to the metal structure to be protected through means capable of ensuring electrical isolation of said tubular element from said metal structure; the whole as it will be better described and claimed in the following.
  • Fig. 1 are represented the metal tank (1) to be protected from corrosion, the closure flange (2) of the metal tank (1), usually made from steel, the protecting electrode (3), a metal tubular element (4) for the electrode support (3), a current generator (5) connected to the tubular element (4) and closure flange (2).
  • Fig. 2 shows the metal tubular element (4) having an external isolating layer (4.1) and a further likely internal isolating layer (4.2); in the illustration, the metal tubular element (4) is made of the sheath of a bulb temperature sensor (15) whose capillary is also shown (15.1); the electrode (3) is inserted on top of the metal tubular element (4) in electric contact with it, since the likely internal isolating layer (4.2) is not available in this area; is also shown a suitable sealing means (14) applied outside to fully cover the whole coupling edge between the metal tubular element (4) and the electrode (3), finally, an isolating insert (13) is shown below the electrode (3).
  • a bulb temperature sensor (15) whose capillary is also shown (15.1
  • the electrode (3) is inserted on top of the metal tubular element (4) in electric contact with it, since the likely internal isolating layer (4.2) is not available in this area; is also shown a suitable sealing means (14) applied outside to fully cover the whole coupling edge between the metal tubular element
  • Fig. 5 is showed a flat closure flange (2a) with a seat (2a.1) for the metal tubular element (4) sealed in it by means of a general dope (12a); also an implementation (5a) of the current generator (5) is shown, which has a clip connector (8a) engaged on the metal tubular element (4), whose external isolating layer (4.1) is incise by it, and which is in electric contact with the closure flange (2 or 2a) through the flexible metal contact (9a).
  • the Fig. 6 shows a further implementation (5b) of the current generator (5) having a connector with a threaded bushing (8b), which engages the metal tubular element (4).
  • Fig. 7 shows an implementation of the device according to the invention, wherein a threaded collar (2b) is fastened on the metal tubular element (4) by means of dope (12b), so that the electrode (3) supported by said metal tubular element (4) can be inserted on any tank wall (1) by screwing said threaded collar (2b) on any bushing (1a), arranged on most large tanks.
  • FIG. 8 shows a detail of the metal tubular element (4), deprived of the internal isolating layer (4.2) and of the isolating insert (13), where the bulb temperature sensor (15) keeps a spring (16) pressed against the internal wall of the metal tubular element (4) and of the electrode (3).
  • the electrode (3) can be substantially arranged in a central position with respect to the metal tank surface (1) to be protected.
  • the electrode (3) may be electrically connected to any device outside the tank (1) without the need of a connection cable between the electrode (3) itself and the outside of the metal tank (1); in fact, electric continuity is ensured at least up to the flange (2) or (2a), by the metal tubular element (4); the electrode (3) may simply consist of a rod made from any suitable material for such a function, such as graphite or titanium, and it is mechanically and electrically connected to the top of the metal tubular element (4) either by simple pressure insertion or plastic deformation of the end of the metal tubular element (4), just to adapt one end to the diameter of the other end, or also by screwing; the dope (14) ensures hydraulic seal, electrically isolates the edge of the metal tubular element (4) and it finally completes the mechanical coupling though being able to ensure on its own, minding to preserve electric continuity between the metal tubular element (4) and the electrode (3); said dope (14) may also be replaced by a thermo-retractable sheath to ensure both its hydraulic seal function and mechanical support, or
  • the metal tubular element (4) is protected outside by the isolating layer (4.1); without it also the element (4) would act as an electrode supplying current to the tank through the water or any other aggressive means contained in the tank (1), and become rapidly corroded, since it is not provided in general to have said metal tubular element (4) consisting of an appropriate material to act as an electrode; moreover, if the isolating layer (4.1) is not present, the current would not be distributed in a substantially uniform way to the tank (1).
  • the isolating layer (4.1) must also consist of a non porous material; since in most applications, in particular water heating, the physical conditions which is submitted the isolating layer (4.1) are not particularly heavy, many known synthetic thermosetting or thermoplastic materials are appropriate for the purpose, such as polyethylene or polypropylene; due to the same protection requirements of the metal tubular element (4), the dope (14) has to fully cover the edge.
  • an internal isolating layer (4.2) and isolating insert (13) can be provided, even if such electric isolating means are not required at all in general, as it will be noted in the following; it should only be noted now that the isolating layer (4.2) is applicable according to any known technique, such as that used for the plasticization of the internal surface of the tubes for hydraulic systems; quite advantageously, the metal tubular element (4) could use such tubes already available on the market and covered by a plastic layer both inside and outside, simply removing their internal isolating layer (4.2) in line with the coupling area to the electrode (3).
  • the thickness of the isolating layers (4.1) and (4.2) may be so low so as not to represent a thermal resistance hindering to correct temperature control of the water heater by the sensors, all the more as the latter may be in a close contact with the internal wall of the metal tubular element (4), being not hindered by any internal cable.
  • the sensor may consist of the shank of a rod thermostat or the thermistor of an electronic thermostat; the latter, as such, is electrically isolated by appropriate capsulation, whereas both the bulb sensors and shank of rod thermostat, though not being a protected metal, are not electrically connected to any exposed metal parts of the thermostat they belong to, whose housing is usually of plastic material; therefore, both the internal isolating layer (4.2) and isolating insert (13) are usually not required, because there is no risk that the temperature sensors inserted in the metal tubular element (4) may cause an undesired electric contact with metal parts of the tank; this is true at least for most known thermostats; eventually, as it is often usual practice, it will suffice to have the capillary (15.1) protected by an isolating sheath, in the case there is the risk that its turns may accidentally come into contact with metal parts.
  • the figures show, by way of example, some possible electric connections of the lower end in the metal tubular element (4) to the current generator (5) or (5a) or (5b); in all these instances the electric contact can be warranted without removing preliminarily the external isolating layer (4.1) in line with the electric connection area.
  • the screw (8.1) appropriately pointed, can penetrate through the external isolating layer (4.1); in the instance of the current generator (5a), the clip connector (8a) may have grip edges sufficiently sharp to incise said layer (4.1); finally, in the instance of a current generator (5) having a connector with a threaded bushing (8b), the latter may be self-threading and incise the metal tubular element (4).
  • Proper clips, self-threading screws or other connecting elements already known represent optional electric connection means from the metal tubular element (4) to the current generator (5).
  • the same sensing element of the thermostat can create a safe electric connection jumper from the current generator (5) to the top of the metal tubular element (4) or directly to the lower portion of the electrode (3); eventually, to obtain a safe electric contact simple means should be provided, such as a spiral spring (16) pressed by the bulb temperature sensor (15) or by the end of the shank of a rod thermostat against the internal walls of the tubular element (4) deprived of its internal isolating layer (4.2) and/or isolating insert (13), or pressed directly against the electrode (3), whenever the latter is close enough.
  • a spiral spring (16) pressed by the bulb temperature sensor (15) or by the end of the shank of a rod thermostat against the internal walls of the tubular element (4) deprived of its internal isolating layer (4.2) and/or isolating insert (13), or pressed directly against the electrode (3), whenever the latter is close enough.
  • thermosensors as electric conductors represents a particularly advantageous embodiment for integrated devices acting both as thermostats and current generators; in this case, in fact, the simple insertion of the sensor of the thermostat in its sheath, i.e. in the metal tubular element (4), puts the generator (5) in direct or indirect electric contact with the electrode (3).
  • the electric connecting element (9) may consist of any metal connector, such as a Faston with a portion welded to the closure flange (2); additionally, for current generators of the embodiments (5a) and (5b) may be provided the flexible metal contact (9a) requiring no connecting operation, since the respective connections with clip connectors (8a) or threaded bushing (8b) also form a fastening means for the same generators (5a) and (5b) to the metal tubular element (4).
  • the metal tubular element (4) cannot be fastened by welding to the metal structure to be protected, but the external isolating layer (4.1) does not represent a particular hindrance for the use of safe optional fastening means, already known.
  • the figures illustrate a water seal fastening element (12), designed as a plug of elastomeric material forced inside the flared support (2.1) or a generic sealing agent (12a) to be used in the seat (2a.1), but many other known means can be suitable, such as a caulked metal bushing against the metal tubular element (4) or the metal tubular element (4) expanded against the seat (2a.1), eventually minding to protect the metal tubular element (4) with an elastomeric ring in line with the area submitted to expanding.
  • Fig. 7 shows a general instance, in which on the metal tubular element (4) bearing the electrode (3) is sealed a threaded ring (2b) which has an appropriate diameter for assembly to any wall area of the tanks available on the market.
  • the device according to the invention can be utilized also for fastening sacrificial anodes, in which is not present any current generator; in this instance the metal tubular element (4) can be directly welded to the metal structure to be protected however, compatibly with the welding technology adopted, can be maintained the external isolating layer (4.1) on most internal distance inside the metal tank (1), to ensure proper current supply uniformity as mentioned above.
  • a main advantage of the invention is that the device allows to use a simple rod made from suitable material for the electrode (3), without pre-conditioning.
  • Another advantage provides the possibility of using as a support for the electrode (3), the top of the sheath of the sensors of the thermostat, which is arranged in a substantially central position in the tank, without interfering the least with the sensors themselves being not necessary to introduce electric cables in the sheath.
  • Another advantage is a considerable assembly simplification, in particular the possibility of fully removing all electric wirings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
EP00115560A 2000-07-19 2000-07-19 Dispositif pour la protection contre la corrosion d'un réservoir métallique Withdrawn EP1174529A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00115560A EP1174529A1 (fr) 2000-07-19 2000-07-19 Dispositif pour la protection contre la corrosion d'un réservoir métallique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00115560A EP1174529A1 (fr) 2000-07-19 2000-07-19 Dispositif pour la protection contre la corrosion d'un réservoir métallique

Publications (1)

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EP1174529A1 true EP1174529A1 (fr) 2002-01-23

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EP00115560A Withdrawn EP1174529A1 (fr) 2000-07-19 2000-07-19 Dispositif pour la protection contre la corrosion d'un réservoir métallique

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6747383B2 (en) 2002-04-09 2004-06-08 Honeywell International, Inc. Generator with hydraulically mounted stator rotor
EP1479792A2 (fr) * 2003-03-26 2004-11-24 MERLONI TERMOSANITARI S.p.A. Elément diélectrique de fixation d'une anode dans un réservoir métallique
EP2226583A1 (fr) * 2009-03-02 2010-09-08 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de chauffage d'eau électrique
FR2950081A1 (fr) * 2009-09-16 2011-03-18 T E Soc D Applic Thermiques Europ Sa Chauffe-eau a accumulation a double protection cathodique
EP2868774A3 (fr) * 2013-11-05 2015-11-11 Magontec GmbH Accessoire pour un dispositif destiné à la protection cathodique contre la corrosion
CN107614755A (zh) * 2015-05-08 2018-01-19 瑞姆澳大利亚控股有限公司 改进的阳极支撑和/或定位器装置及组装方法
CN111023554A (zh) * 2019-11-19 2020-04-17 海信(广东)厨卫系统有限公司 一种储水式热水器

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3718571A (en) * 1971-06-30 1973-02-27 Magnode Prod Inc Anode fitting
DE29602996U1 (de) * 1995-02-06 1996-04-04 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 42859 Remscheid Speicher mit einer Schutzanode
EP0771889A1 (fr) * 1995-11-02 1997-05-07 Atlantic - Société Française de Développement Thermique Dispositif de protection cathodique de cuve de chauffe-eau et chauffe-eau équipé d'un tel dispositif

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3718571A (en) * 1971-06-30 1973-02-27 Magnode Prod Inc Anode fitting
DE29602996U1 (de) * 1995-02-06 1996-04-04 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 42859 Remscheid Speicher mit einer Schutzanode
EP0771889A1 (fr) * 1995-11-02 1997-05-07 Atlantic - Société Française de Développement Thermique Dispositif de protection cathodique de cuve de chauffe-eau et chauffe-eau équipé d'un tel dispositif

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6747383B2 (en) 2002-04-09 2004-06-08 Honeywell International, Inc. Generator with hydraulically mounted stator rotor
EP1479792A2 (fr) * 2003-03-26 2004-11-24 MERLONI TERMOSANITARI S.p.A. Elément diélectrique de fixation d'une anode dans un réservoir métallique
EP1479792A3 (fr) * 2003-03-26 2006-05-17 MERLONI TERMOSANITARI S.p.A. Elément diélectrique de fixation d'une anode dans un réservoir métallique
WO2010100581A3 (fr) * 2009-03-02 2014-09-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de chauffage électrique de l'eau
EP2226583A1 (fr) * 2009-03-02 2010-09-08 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de chauffage d'eau électrique
FR2950081A1 (fr) * 2009-09-16 2011-03-18 T E Soc D Applic Thermiques Europ Sa Chauffe-eau a accumulation a double protection cathodique
US8649671B2 (en) 2009-09-16 2014-02-11 S.A.T.E. Societe D'applications Thermiques Europeenne Electric storage water heater with double cathodic protection
EP2298963A3 (fr) * 2009-09-16 2017-02-15 S.A.T.E. Chauffe-eau électrique à accumulation à double protection cathodique
EP2868774A3 (fr) * 2013-11-05 2015-11-11 Magontec GmbH Accessoire pour un dispositif destiné à la protection cathodique contre la corrosion
CN107614755A (zh) * 2015-05-08 2018-01-19 瑞姆澳大利亚控股有限公司 改进的阳极支撑和/或定位器装置及组装方法
US20180106502A1 (en) * 2015-05-08 2018-04-19 Rheem Australia Pty Limited Anode Support and or Locator Device and Method of Assembly
CN107614755B (zh) * 2015-05-08 2020-07-28 瑞姆澳大利亚控股有限公司 改进的阳极支撑和/或定位器装置及组装方法
US10837675B2 (en) * 2015-05-08 2020-11-17 Rheem Australia Pty Limited Anode support and or locator device and method of assembly
CN111023554A (zh) * 2019-11-19 2020-04-17 海信(广东)厨卫系统有限公司 一种储水式热水器
CN111023554B (zh) * 2019-11-19 2021-07-09 海信(广东)厨卫系统有限公司 一种储水式热水器

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