EP1173842A1 - Detecteur a ultrasons avec element oscillant en forme de cuvette - Google Patents

Detecteur a ultrasons avec element oscillant en forme de cuvette

Info

Publication number
EP1173842A1
EP1173842A1 EP01903687A EP01903687A EP1173842A1 EP 1173842 A1 EP1173842 A1 EP 1173842A1 EP 01903687 A EP01903687 A EP 01903687A EP 01903687 A EP01903687 A EP 01903687A EP 1173842 A1 EP1173842 A1 EP 1173842A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
uitraschaiisensor
piezoelectric transducers
membrane
shaped
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP01903687A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dieter Falzewski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP1173842A1 publication Critical patent/EP1173842A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
    • G10K9/125—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means with a plurality of active elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor, in particular for parking aids in motor vehicles, with a cup-shaped oscillating element, the bottom of which serves as a membrane.
  • Such a sensor which functions according to the ultrasound echo principle, is known, for example, from DE 39 39 387 A1.
  • the inside of the membrane of this ultrasonic sensor carries a piezo disk, the membrane and the piezo disk each being designed in the form of a circular disk.
  • the piezo disk is excited to oscillate by an applied electrical voltage, so that ultrasound waves emitted via the outside of the membrane are generated.
  • At least some of these ultrasonic waves are received by the membrane as reflection signals in the subsequent microphone phase of the sensor after reflection from an obstacle, for example another parked vehicle, and are thereby transmitted in the form of vibrations to the piezo disk, due to the piezo effect on the An electrical voltage proportional to the vibrations is generated on the side of the piezo disk, which can be used as a parking aid signal after electronic processing.
  • the ultrasonic sensor known from DE 39 39 387 A1 has a diaphragm which partially covers the outside of the membrane and is designed in the form of a circular section, the chord of which runs parallel to a plane of symmetry of the sensor.
  • the solution according to the invention has the particular advantage that with an increasing number of piezoelectric transducers and thus an increasing asymmetry ratio, for example between the horizontal and vertical central plane of the radiation lobe, the sound power and thus the sensory effect increases
  • Another advantage of the invention is that by using several small piezo disks arranged next to one another, higher ultrasonic frequencies can be achieved than when using only a single large piezo disk. With several small piezo disks, finer and more precise and thus more powerful radiation lobes can also be modeled
  • An advantageous embodiment of the ultrasonic sensor according to the invention consists in that it is additionally provided with mechanical means for achieving an asymmetrical sound directional diagram. Because of the increased vibration energy available when several piezoelectric transducers are used, a more detailed design of the sound directional diagram is possible, for example in such a way that not only a purely elliptical directional diagram in the XY section is possible, but also, for example, a trapezoidal directional diagram.
  • a directional diagram can be achieved with such a Uitraschai sensor, in which a lower sound power is emitted in the direction of the roadway level, so that accordingly less ground echoes are received, and in which a higher sound power is emitted vertically upwards, so that a correspondingly longer sensor range results or objects which are more difficult to detect, in particular Objects with low reflectivity can be detected Further preferred and advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a vibrating element of an ultrasonic sensor according to the invention in a sectional view
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the vibrating element according to FIG. 1 in a sectional view
  • FIG. 3 shows a typical sound directional diagram of an ultrasonic sensor according to the invention in horizontal section
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of a vibration element of a conventional ultrasonic sensor in a sectional view
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of the vibrating element according to FIG. 5 in a sectional view
  • FIG. 8 shows the sound directional diagram according to FIG. 7 in vertical section transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ultrasonic sensor.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a vibrating element 1 of a conventional ultrasonic sensor for parking aids in motor vehicles.
  • the vibrating element 1 is cup-shaped and carries a circular piezo disk 3 on the inside of the bottom surface serving as membrane 2.
  • the piezo disk 3 is excited to vibrate for a certain time phase by an applied electrical voltage, so that 2 ultrasonic waves are emitted via the outside of the membrane , After reflection from an obstacle in the subsequent microphone phase of the sensor, these ultrasonic waves are received by the membrane 2 as echo signals and transmitted in the form of vibrations to the piezo disk 3.
  • the distance of the obstacle from the Uitraschaiis sensor being able to be calculated from the time difference between the transmission of the ultrasonic waves and the reception of the echo signals.
  • a Uitraschaiisensor with the construction shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has an essentially club-shaped sound directional diagram, which has a largely rotationally symmetrical shape in vertical section (Z-section) transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ultrasonic sensor (see FIGS. 7 and 8).
  • a sound directional diagram has the disadvantage that undesirable echo effects, in particular ground echoes, occur with larger lobe shapes. If the lobe-shaped expansion of the sound directional diagram is reduced by a corresponding reduction in the sound power, the detection range of the ultrasonic sensor is also reduced in the horizontal direction, which results in unacceptable detection gaps.
  • the vibrating element 4 of an ultrasonic sensor according to the invention is likewise pot-shaped.
  • the oscillating element 4 has a circumferential cylindrical side wall and a bottom surface serving as a membrane 5.
  • two piezoelectric bending transducers 6, 7 are fastened to the inside of this membrane 5.
  • the transducers 6, 7, which are arranged next to one another in the form of a circular disk, are excited to vibrate in parallel and in the same direction of vibration during the transmission operation of the ultrasound sensor and, in the subsequent microphone phase, reproduce the received echo signals in parallel as an electrical output voltage.
  • the bending transducers 6, 7 are controlled by means of a small electrical transformer (not shown). It can be seen that the two disk-shaped piezoelectric transducers 6, 7 are arranged at a slight distance from one another and from the peripheral side wall of the pot-shaped vibrating element 4.
  • the oscillating element 4 is provided on the inside with two arcuate diaphragms 8, 9 which are arranged at a distance from the membrane 5.
  • the diaphragms 8, 9 are arranged so that they do not cover the piezoelectric transducers 6, 7.
  • the cup-shaped oscillating element can also have one or more recesses and / or ribs, which are preferably arranged on the inside and / or outside of the membrane.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a typical sound directional diagram of an ultrasonic sensor with a vibrating element according to FIGS. 1 and 2, with FIG. 3 a horizontal section (Z section) and FIG. 4 a vertical section (Y section) transverse to Longitudinal axis of the pot-shaped vibrating element.
  • the large asymmetrical effect of the ultrasonic sensor according to the invention can be seen in particular from FIG. 4.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment described above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable.
  • three or more piezoelectric transducers can also be attached to the membrane 5.
  • oval, rectangular or asymmetrical piezoelectric transducers can also be used instead of circular ones.
  • the piezoelectric transducers 6, 7 of the ultrasound sensor according to the invention can not only vibrate in parallel and in the same direction of vibration in the transmission mode.
  • the piezoelectric transducers 6, 7 can also be controlled separately and in particular out of phase. Such control enables the generation of specially designed sound directional diagrams and can therefore bring significant advantages in certain situations.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un détecteur à ultrasons destiné en particulier aux dispositifs d'aide au stationnement se trouvant dans des automobiles, ledit détecteur comprenant un élément oscillant (4) en forme de cuvette dont le fond sert de membrane. Selon l'invention, au moins deux convertisseurs piézo-électriques (6, 7) sont fixés l'un à côté de l'autre à la membrane (5). Le détecteur à ultrasons de l'invention se caractérise par un diagramme de propagation du son ayant une asymétrie particulièrement importante.
EP01903687A 2000-02-26 2001-02-01 Detecteur a ultrasons avec element oscillant en forme de cuvette Ceased EP1173842A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10009129 2000-02-26
DE10009129A DE10009129A1 (de) 2000-02-26 2000-02-26 Ultraschallsensor
PCT/EP2001/001075 WO2001063595A1 (fr) 2000-02-26 2001-02-01 Detecteur a ultrasons avec element oscillant en forme de cuvette

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1173842A1 true EP1173842A1 (fr) 2002-01-23

Family

ID=7632546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01903687A Ceased EP1173842A1 (fr) 2000-02-26 2001-02-01 Detecteur a ultrasons avec element oscillant en forme de cuvette

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1173842A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3169701A (fr)
DE (1) DE10009129A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001063595A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10158015B4 (de) * 2001-11-27 2010-10-14 Hydrometer Gmbh Ultraschallwandler und Durchflussmesser
DE10361316B4 (de) * 2003-12-19 2015-08-27 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Ultraschallwandlervorrichtung
DE102005060400B4 (de) * 2004-07-20 2020-12-10 Volkswagen Ag Baueinheit für einen Deckel eines Fahrzeugheckbereiches
DE102005042596A1 (de) * 2005-09-07 2007-04-26 Siemens Ag Ultraschallschwingungswandler
DE102010047176A1 (de) 2010-09-30 2012-04-05 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Fahrzeug mit einer Ultraschallsensorvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Ultraschallsensorvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug
DE102015107899A1 (de) * 2015-05-20 2016-11-24 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Ultraschallsensor für ein Kraftfahrzeug, Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ultraschallsensors
DE102015110776A1 (de) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-05 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Ultraschallsensorvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit zwei Piezoelementen, Fahrerassistenzsystem, Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren
DE102017122428B4 (de) * 2017-09-27 2019-05-09 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Ultraschallsensor für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3135096A1 (de) * 1981-02-20 1982-09-09 Apparatebau Wilhelm Heibl Gmbh, 8671 Selbitz Schallgeber mit piezowandler
DE3137745A1 (de) * 1981-09-23 1983-04-07 Egon 5000 Köln Gelhard Sensor fuer die durchfuehrung der distanzmessung nach dem ultraschalll-echoprinzip
DE3441684A1 (de) * 1984-11-15 1986-05-15 SWF Auto-Electric GmbH, 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen Elektroakustischer wandler
DE3732410A1 (de) * 1987-09-25 1989-04-13 Siemens Ag Ultraschallwandler mit astigmatischer sende-/empfangscharakteristik
DE4120681A1 (de) * 1990-08-04 1992-02-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Ultraschallwandler
DE19614885C1 (de) * 1996-04-16 1997-09-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Sensor zum Senden und/oder Empfangen akustischer Signale

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0163595A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001063595A1 (fr) 2001-08-30
DE10009129A1 (de) 2001-08-30
AU3169701A (en) 2001-09-03

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