EP1165290B1 - Clamping device - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to provide a clamping device with a clamping rail (14) guided for displacement and an actuating device (12) which comprises a gripping element (77), by means of which the clamping rail (14) can be displaced, which can be used universally it is suggested that the clamping rail (14) be displaceable via the gripping element (77) in one direction (A) or an opposite direction (B) and that a change-over device be provided for freeing the displacement in one direction (A; B) and blocking the displacement in the opposite direction (B; A).

Description

The invention relates to a clamping device with a displaceably guided clamping rail and an actuating device, which comprises a gripping element, through which the clamping rail is displaceable.

Such clamping devices are for example from the DE 39 17 473 A1 , of the DE 197 31 579 A1 , of the DE 296 03 811 U1 or the US 4,989,847 known. They have the advantage that they can be operated essentially with one hand.

The invention is based on the object to provide a clamping device which is universally applicable and in particular has a high ease of use.

This object is achieved with a clamping device of the type mentioned in the present invention that on the handle member, the clamping rail is displaceable in one direction or an opposite direction and that a switching device is provided for releasing the displacement in one direction and blocking the displacement in the opposite direction.

As a result, the clamping device according to the invention can be used both for clamping of workpieces by exerting a clamping force and for spreading by exerting a spreading, wherein the application possibilities do not hinder, since the displacement of the clamping rail on the switching device in one direction can be blocked. Unlike devices known from the prior art, a displacement in two directions can be actuated via the grip element.

In an advantageous variant of an embodiment, the grip element comprises a first grip lever, by means of which the tensioning rail is displaceable in one direction and a second grip lever, by means of which the tensioning rail is displaceable in the opposite direction. As a result, each shift device is associated with a handle lever, so that the clamping device according to the invention can be used in a simple manner.

It is particularly advantageous if at the same time only one handle lever can be actuated. This ensures that an optimal result is achieved for each application - clamping or spreading - d. H. at the same time only the shift in a single direction can be actuated and a clamping position or a spread position by unintentional actuation of the other handle lever is not solvable. In addition, this has the further advantage that the other handle lever each serves as a fixed counterpart for the handset in the pivoting of a handle lever, so that no further handle member must be provided, but allow the functional parts of the first handle lever and second handle lever high ease of use.

In a further variant of an embodiment, a handle lever is provided, through which, depending on the pivoting direction, the tensioning rail is displaceable in one direction or in the opposite direction. Since in such an embodiment, only a single handle lever must be provided, can be moved by the depending on the pivoting direction of the clamping rail in one direction or the other direction, the clamping device can be produced in a simple manner.

It is particularly advantageous if one or more handle levers are provided, which are designed as a backdrop. As a result, a handle lever is not only pivotable, but also displaceable about its pivot point and in particular in a slideway. The feed of a clamping rail is essentially achieved in that a handle lever is pivoted and the amount of feed depends on the tilt angle. This is limited. About the training as a backdrop, a handle lever can track during its pivotal movement of the clamping rail in its direction of displacement, so that at the same pivot angle, a larger displacement distance of the clamping rail can be reached. In particular, it is favorable that a handle lever is displaceable on a slide track parallel to the clamping rail. As a result, a handle lever with its pivot point can track the clamping rail in an effective manner.

Advantageously, a first handle lever and a second handle lever are coupled together so that they are displaceable together on a slide track. As a result, it can be achieved that, independently of the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail, when a displacement is actuated by the first grip lever and the second grip lever, the grip element as a whole is displaced in the correct direction in order to increase the displacement distance of the tensioning rail during a pivoting operation. Conveniently, in this case is a handle lever, by which the displacement of the clamping rail is actuated, arranged as a backdrop and formed so that it is movable in the direction of displacement of the clamping rail. This automatically ensures that this Handle lever is guided in the right direction and so by his operation a long displacement path of the clamping rail is reached.

Conveniently, the switching device comprises blocking means by means of which a displacement of the clamping rail in one direction can be blocked, wherein the displacement in the opposite direction is not hindered. This ensures that when using the clamping device according to the invention, the multi-functionality (clamping or spreading) does not interfere with the particular use.

Conveniently, the direction of displacement of the clamping rail is switchable via the blocking means. As a result, the corresponding displacement direction of the clamping rail can be adjusted in a simple manner.

Conveniently, the locking means of the first and second handle lever separate components in order not to affect the ease of operation and the function of the handle lever.

In an advantageous embodiment of the tensioning device according to the invention, the first and second handle levers are arranged and designed so that they can be grasped together by one hand. As a result, a good force effect can be exerted on manual operation and in particular no further fixed counter element must be provided as a handle for the pivoting of the handle lever. Conveniently, the first handle lever is not pivotable when the second handle lever is actuated and the second handle lever is not pivotable when the first handle lever is actuated.

Advantageously, the first handle lever in the direction of the second handle lever for displacing the clamping rail is pivotable, and the second handle lever in the direction of the first handle lever for displacing the clamping rail is pivotable. As a result, a displacement of the clamping rail can be achieved in a simple manner and in particular keep the design effort to form a displacement mechanism low.

In particular, in the variant of an embodiment in which a single handle lever is provided by the pivoting in one direction, the clamping rail is displaceable in one direction and its pivoting in the opposite direction, the clamping rail is moved in the opposite direction, it is advantageous if for the handle lever one or more counter-elements are provided, which are tangible with the handle lever in one hand. This counter-element or these counter-elements serve an operator to grasp the clamping device according to the invention by hand by the counter-element is placed in the palm, and by finger movement then the handle element can be pivoted. In a variant of an embodiment, the gripping element can be placed in the palm while the fingers are supported on the counter element and by movement of the palm in the direction of the fingers of the handle lever is moved.

It is particularly advantageous if the actuating device is designed to be mirror-symmetrical with respect to a center plane transversely to the direction of displacement. As a result, in particular, the displacement mechanism for moving the clamping rail in both directions in form substantially the same, which in turn the design and manufacturing effort is kept low, especially since the number of different components is minimized.

In a variant of an embodiment, a feed element is provided for displacing the clamping rail, which is tiltable against the clamping rail to lock the displaceability of the clamping rail against the advancing element, and which is displaceable in the direction of displacement of the clamping rail by the action of a handle lever. As a result, a displacement of the clamping rail can be achieved in a structurally simple manner, by first causing the tilting and then the clamping rail is entrained by displacement of the tilted feed element.

Conveniently, a compression spring is arranged between a feed element and a blocking element, by means of which a restoring force on the feed element against the direction of displacement can be exercised. As a result, the feed element is pushed back when relieving the handle lever, without the clamping rail itself is moved. When pressed again on the handle lever, it can then move on. As a result, the clamping rail can be moved in particular stepwise, but the shift guide is continuous.

Advantageously, the blocking element can be brought into a locking position, in which a displaceability of the clamping rail is locked in one direction. This is achieved in a structurally simple manner that the clamping rail is displaceable only in one direction, while the displacement in the locked in the other direction. It is ensured that, when the clamping device according to the invention is to be used as a clamping tool, is pushed only in the appropriate direction for applying power and the clamping rail does not recede and, accordingly, the same is achieved for use as a spreading tool.

It is particularly advantageous if the locking element is associated with a holding element, by which the locking element is durable in a non-locking position, or the blocking element is designed as a holding element which is durable in a non-locking position. Such a holding element can be used in particular from outside the housing of the actuator, so as to easily, d. H. while ensuring a high level of operating comfort, to set or cancel a corresponding blocking position.

Conveniently, in this case, the holding element is independent of the handle element in order not to influence the application of force on the gripping element on the clamping rail and in particular not to degrade the ease of use of the gripping element.

Conveniently, the holding element in a holding position, in which the blocking element is in a non-locking position, can be fixed. In this way, the non-locking position can be secured and thus ensure the Gleitverschiebungsführung the tensioning rail.

It is particularly favorable if the holding position of the holding element can be fixed by blocking means which hold the holding means substantially perpendicular to the tensioning rail is. Due to the vertical attitude Gleitverschieblichkeit the tensioning rail is secured because no jamming can occur.

Conveniently, a first feed element for displacement of the clamping rail in a first displacement direction and a second feed element for displacement in an opposite direction is provided. On constructive and manufacturing technology simple way can thereby form the shift guide and shift operation for the clamping rail.

Conveniently, first and second feed element can be tilted in opposite directions. This allows opposite pivoting directions for the two handle levers when two such handle lever are provided, or for a single handle lever and in particular it is thereby also easily accessible to lock the displacement of the clamping rail in the opposite direction to the displacement direction.

It is particularly favorable if the first feed element is assigned a first blocking element, a first compression spring and optionally a first holding element and the second feeding element is assigned a second blocking element, a second compression spring and optionally a second holding element. In this way, the displacement mechanism for both directions of displacement can be formed substantially the same.

In order to enable safe use of the clamping device according to the invention both as a clamping tool and as a spreading tool, it is advantageous if the first and second Locking element are coupled together so that when the first locking element is in a locking position, the second locking element is in a non-locking position and vice versa.

Conveniently, in this case, the first blocking element is tilted in the opposite direction to the second advancing element during its displacement and the second blocking element is tilted in the opposite direction to the first advancing element during its displacement. Thereby, the displacement of the clamping rail in the direction of displacement is not hindered, since the deadlock is canceled by the locking element, while the shift is locked in the opposite direction, since the deadlock acts and increases.

A high ease of use is present when a coupling device is provided, which is fixable in a first position on the housing, wherein the first locking element is fixed in a non-locking position and the second locking element is in a blocking position, and in a second position can be fixed at which is the first blocking element in a blocking position and the second blocking element is fixed in a non-locking position. By the coupling device, which may be arranged displaceably on the housing, for example, or may be separated from this, can easily adjust the shift direction or switch.

Conveniently, in the first position of the coupling device, the second feed element is secured against tilting and secured in the second position, the first feed element against tilting. This ensures in particular that the corresponding handle lever is not pivotable is and is fixed, so that in the respective first or second position, only the handle lever is pivotable, which causes a displacement of the clamping rail in the desired direction.

It is particularly favorable when the housing of the actuating device is designed and provided with recesses, that the movable parts are fixed solely on the acting as a contact surfaces recesses with respect to the housing. These moving parts can then be inserted into the housing and need not be additionally fixed, for example via screw. The clamping device according to the invention can then be composed quickly with little manufacturing effort.

It is favorable in this case if the housing of the actuating device, which is in particular a closed housing, comprises a first housing part and a second housing part which can be fixed to one another. In the first housing part, the components can be used and by placing the second housing part they are finally fixed in the assembled housing. The two housing parts can then be fixed in a simple manner, for example via screw, with each other. Through the housing, the movable components are protected and oil or grease or the like, which is used to increase the mobility of the moving components, sticks to these longer.

It is favorable if a contact element, which is held on the tensioning rail, has essentially identically formed contact surfaces transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tensioning rail. As a result, such a contact element can be used both for clamping purposes as well as for spreading purposes.

The device according to the invention can be used universally when a first contact element is provided, which is held immovably on the clamping rail, and a second contact element is provided, whose distance from the first contact element by displacement of the clamping rail is variable. By means of such contact elements, the clamping device can be used in particular both for clamping and spreading. In a structurally simple way, the distance between the contact elements can be varied if the second contact element is arranged immovably on the actuating device.

Conveniently, the first contact element and the second contact element substantially equally trained contact surfaces. As a result, the clamping device according to the invention is universally applicable, since it can be used as a clamping tool and spreading tool.

In an advantageous variant of an embodiment, it is provided that the clamping rail is rotatably mounted in the actuating device. As a result, the clamping device can be used as a one-handed clamping device, in which the displacement of the clamping rail is actuated with one hand. The orientation of investment elements and in particular investment brackets on the clamping rail with respect to a workpiece leaves to change by the clamping rail is rotated accordingly until the workpieces to be clamped or the workpieces to be spread are optimally taken.

In particular, it is advantageous if the clamping rail is infinitely rotatable, since then in this way a high ease of operation is achieved.

It is particularly advantageous if the contact elements are held in the tensioning rail in such a way that they are rotated during the rotation of the tensioning rail. As a result, a relative orientation between the abutment elements, which has been adjusted accordingly, is maintained even when the clamping rail is rotated.

Conveniently, sitting on the clamping rail a contact element which is fixed immovably and rotatable with respect to the actuator. This contact element provides a contact surface for clamping or spreading applications. By displacement of the clamping rail on which the first contact element is fixed, the distance between the first contact element and the second contact element can be changed. By rotation of the clamping rail, the orientation of the two contact elements to each other is not changed.

In an alternative embodiment, which is particularly advantageous in terms of manufacturing technology, it is provided that the tensioning rail is mounted rotatably and displaceably on the actuating device by at least one rotary-sliding bearing. It is characterized only one type of bearing needed, in such a camp, the clamping rail is rotatably mounted simultaneously and is slidably mounted.

It is advantageous if a tensioning rail is displaceably supported by at least one bearing element, wherein the bearing element is rotatably mounted in a housing of the actuating device. Such a bearing element ensures on the one hand a good Gleitverschieblichkeit the tensioning rail and on the other hand it allows their rotation. In particular, the clamping rail is rotatably guided in the bearing element. Such a rotationally fixed guide can be formed in a structurally simple manner in that the clamping shells has a profile which is designed so that the rotatability of the clamping rail against a bearing element, through which the clamping rail is displaceably guided, can be blocked. An adapted recess in the bearing element then prevents the rotation in the recess relative to the bearing element. For example, the clamping rail to have a flat profile.

In a structurally favorable embodiment, at least one bearing element is designed as a groove bearing, which is arranged immovably and rotatably on the housing of the actuating device by a groove. Through the groove in the groove bearing immunity is ensured and the rotation of the bearing with the clamping rail is achieved in a simple manner.

Conveniently, a contact element via a groove bearing is immovable and rotatably held with the clamping rail on the housing of the actuator. The groove bearing can be connected, for example, in one piece or in a form-fitting manner with the second contact element. It must then be provided no further rotationally fixed fixation for the contact element on the clamping rail.

It is advantageous if at least one feed element, which is tiltable against the displacement direction of the clamping rail to lock the displaceability of the clamping rail relative to the advancing element, and which is displaceable in the direction of displacement of the clamping rail is rotatably arranged. As a result, the rotatability of the clamping rail is guaranteed.

In a variant of one embodiment, a blocking element for blocking the displacement of the clamping rail in a direction in the housing of the actuating device is rotatably arranged. As a result, the rotatability of the clamping rail can be secured.

Figur 1:

eine seitliche Schnittansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Spanneinrichtung;

Figur 2:

eine Seitenansicht von Anlageelementen einer erfindungsgemäßen Spanneinrichtung;

Figur 3:

eine seitliche Schnittansicht einer Betätigungsvorrichtung gemäß Figur 1, welche eine Umschalteinrichtung zum Umschalten der Verschiebungsrichtung einer Spannschiene zeigt;

Figur 4:

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie X-X in Figur 3;

Figur 5:

eine Ansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Spanneinrichtung, bei welcher ein Gehäuse einer Betätigungsvorrichtung geöffnet gezeigt ist;

Figur 6:

eine Schnittansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Spanneinrichtung;

Figur 7:

eine Teilschnittansicht entlang der Linie Y-Y in Figur 6;

Figur 8:

eine Teilansicht einer alternativen Ausführungsform eines Anlageelements;

Figur 9:

eine Seitenansicht des Anlageelements gemäß Figur 8 und

Figur 10:

eine vordere Teilschnittansicht auf eine vierte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Spanneinrichtung.

The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention is used in conjunction with the drawings for further explanation. Show it:

FIG. 1:

a side sectional view of a first embodiment of a clamping device according to the invention;

FIG. 2:

a side view of investment elements of a clamping device according to the invention;

FIG. 3:

a side sectional view of an actuator according to FIG. 1 showing a switching means for switching the displacement direction of a tensioning rail;

FIG. 4:

a sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 3 ;

FIG. 5:

a view of a second embodiment of a clamping device according to the invention, in which a housing of an actuating device is shown open;

FIG. 6:

a sectional view of a third embodiment of a clamping device according to the invention;

FIG. 7:

a partial sectional view along the line YY in FIG. 6 ;

FIG. 8:

a partial view of an alternative embodiment of a contact element;

FIG. 9:

a side view of the contact element according to FIG. 8 and

FIG. 10:

a front partial sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention.

A first embodiment of a clamping device according to the invention, which in FIG. 1 designated as a whole by 10, comprises an actuating device 12 and a clamping rail 14, which is displaceably guided on the actuating device 12 and whose displacement via the actuating device 12 can be actuated.

The actuating device 12 has a housing 16 and in particular a closed housing in which the clamping rail 14 is slidably guided. The tensioning rail 14 has in a variant of an embodiment, a flat profile and has one, as in FIG. 4 shown, substantially rectangular cross-section, in particular with lateral indentations.

For displacement guidance of the tensioning rail 14, a first bearing element 18 in the form of a bearing disk is arranged in the housing 16 of the actuating device 12, which has a centrally arranged recess 20 in which the tensioning rail 14 is guided in a sliding manner ( FIG. 4 ). The recess 20 is designed so that the clamping rail 14 is not rotated against the first bearing element 18.

The first bearing element 18 is rotatably arranged in the housing 16, wherein a block element 24 of the housing 16 with an end face 26 provides a particular annular contact surface for the first bearing element 18, which is oriented perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the clamping rail 14.

The block element 24 is seated in the variant of an embodiment shown symmetrically and in particular mirror-symmetrical to a median plane 30 of the actuator 12. By one of the end face 26 opposite end face 32 of the block member 24, a contact surface for a second rotatable bearing element 34 is formed, which is the same structure first bearing element 18 and through which the clamping rail 14 is also guided.

For displacement guidance of the tensioning rail 14, a first groove bearing 36 is furthermore arranged on a first passage 38 of the tensioning rail 14 through the housing 16 and a second groove bearing 40 on a second passage 42 of the housing 16, which lies opposite the first passage 38.

Such a groove bearing 36, 40 is formed by a disk-shaped element which is provided on its cylindrical surface with a groove-shaped recess 44. This groove-shaped recess 44 has a width which substantially corresponds to the housing wall in the region of an associated passage 38, 42. As a result, such a groove bearing 36, 40 can be inserted via its groove-shaped recess 44 in the housing 16, wherein it is not displaceable against the housing 16.

Due to the cylindrical inner wall of the groove-shaped recess 44, the groove bearing 36 is rotatably mounted in the first passage 38 and the second groove bearing 40 in the second passage 42 with a corresponding cylindrical shape of the associated passage 38, 42. The groove bearings 36 and 40 each have a recess which is configured substantially the same as the recess 20 (FIG. FIG. 4 ) is arranged in the first bearing element 18 and in alignment with this (and to the corresponding recess of the second bearing element 34) and in which the clamping rail 14 is slidably guided.

With the second groove bearing 40, a first contact element 46 is connected, for example by positive engagement or in one piece. The first abutment element 46 is designed, in particular, as an abutment bow, which is oriented transversely to the tensioning rail 14. As a result, this first support bracket 46 with the clamping rail 14 via the rotatable mounting means of the first bearing element 18, the second bearing element 34 and the groove bearings 36 and 40 rotatably mounted on the actuator 12, but not against these displaceable.

In a variant of one embodiment, a pivot bearing 47 is non-rotatably mounted on the groove bearing 40, so that this pivot bearing 47 is rotated with the clamping rail 14. The first support bracket 46 is rotatably held in this pivot bearing 47, wherein it is fixable, for example by friction or positive engagement in its rotation in the pivot bearing 47. As a result, the first support bracket 46 can be rotated as a whole with rotation of the clamping rail and regardless of relative to the clamping rail to the pivot bearing 47th

A second contact element 48 is the first support bracket 46 facing the clamping rail 14 and in particular at one end thereof held, for example by positive engagement. By displacing the tensioning rail 14, the distance between the first abutment hanger 46 and the second abutment element 48 can thus be changed. The two abutment elements 46 and 48 are aligned in a defined orientation to each other and in particular aligned substantially parallel or in a slight inclination to each other. By an inclination of a contact element and in particular of the first contact element 46, the clamping action on a workpiece between the contact elements can be increased.

It can be provided that the second contact element 48 is designed as a support bracket ( FIG. 2 ). In a variant of one embodiment, the second abutment element is a particularly circular abutment disc 49 (FIG. FIG. 8, 9 ), which is held centrally on the clamping rail 14. In this case, an annular contact part 51 on the contact disk 49 may be formed facing the first contact element, in order to provide a contact surface which is in contact with that of the first contact element, in particular with respect to the dimensions in FIG radial direction corresponds. Preferably, the contact part 51 and a contact surface of the first contact element are aligned with each other.

In a niche 50 of a wall of the housing 16, in which the first groove bearing 36 is seated at one end, this first groove bearing 36 is optionally facultatively arranged a first blocking element 52 which is rotatable relative to the housing 16 and substantially the same as the first bearing element 18. The first blocking element 52 is associated with a first holding element 54, on which the first blocking element 52 can be applied. This first holding element 54 has a passage opening 56 for the tensioning rail 14, in which it is rotatable. It extends transversely to the clamping rail 14 through the housing 16 and exits at an opening 58 out of this, so that the first holding member 54 is movable from outside the housing 16.

The first holding element 54 has a holding part 60, which is formed flat, for example, a guide member 62, which is arranged at an angle, for example, in the order of 20 ° to the first blocking element 52, and further a handle portion 64, which is substantially parallel to Holding member 60 is and protrudes beyond the opening 58 from the housing 16 so that the first holding member 54 can be moved (in particular in the direction of the first bearing member 18 to). The function of the guide member 62 will be explained below.

The first holding element 54 can be brought into a position 66 (in FIG FIG. 1 indicated in dashed lines), in which the holding part 60 is aligned perpendicular to the clamping rail 14 and can be fixed in this position.

As a result, the first blocking element 52 is aligned perpendicular to the clamping rail 14, and the clamping rail 14 is thereby not jammed by the first blocking element 52, d. H. whose mobility is not hindered.

Between the first bearing element 18 and the first blocking element 52, a compression spring 68 is arranged which exerts a force on the first blocking element 52 in the direction away from the first bearing element 18 and presses the first blocking element 52 against the holding element 54 and in particular from the first bearing element 18 tilted away when the first holding member 54 is not in its vertical position 66. The compression spring 68 is in particular able to tilt the blocking element 52 and the first holding element 54 so far that the blocking element 52 blocks the displacement of the tensioning rail 14 in the direction A.

In the same way as the first bearing element 18, a first blocking element 52 is assigned to the second bearing element 34, a second locking element 70, a second retaining element 72 and a second compression spring 73 between the second locking element 70 and the second bearing element 34 assigned.

The second holding element 72 is in the in FIG. 1 embodiment shown the same design as the first support member 54 and the same orientation arranged (ie not mirror-symmetric with respect to the median plane 30). A guide part 74 of the second holding element 72 is therefore arranged at a small angle to a holding part 76 away from the second bearing element 34.

The second holding element 72 and thus also the second blocking element 70 can be tilted in a direction away from the second bearing element 34 in order to clamp the tensioning rail 14 accordingly. The first blocking element 52 and the second blocking element 70 can therefore be tilted in opposite directions.

On the housing, a handle member 77 with a respective pivotally mounted first handle lever 78, which acts on the first bearing element 18, and a second handle lever 80, which acts on the second bearing element 34, respectively. The first handle lever can be about a pivot axis 82 in the direction of the first handle lever 78, d. H. pivot in a direction away from the first bearing element 18. The second handle lever 80 can be in the direction of the first handle lever 78, d. H. pivot away from the second bearing element 34.

At the in FIG. 1 shown embodiment of a clamping device according to the invention, the two handle lever 78 and 80, the common pivot axis 82.

The first handle lever 78 and the second handle lever 80 are each formed as a two-armed lever, each with an eccentric 84 and 86, which acts on pivoting of the associated handle lever on the associated first bearing element 18 and the second bearing member 34 to this against the clamping rail 14 tilt and move in a direction of displacement of the clamping rail, thereby causing the displacement itself of the clamping rail 14. The bearing elements 18 and 34 therefore act as feed elements for the clamping rail 14, wherein this feed takes place against the spring force of the compression springs 68 and 73, respectively.

The handle member 77 is adapted to be placed in a user's hand and to be operated with one hand; that is, the clamping device is a one-handed clamping device. For shifting the clamping rail in a certain direction, for example in the direction A according to FIG. 1 in which the two abutment elements 46 and 48 are pushed toward each other (and thus can clamp a workpiece between these two contact elements), a handle lever is fixed and the other handle lever is pivotable. In particular, the shift in the direction A according to FIG. 1 the second handle lever 80 fixed and the first handle lever 78 to the second handle lever 80 to pivot. For displacement in the opposite direction B, in which the two abutment elements 46 and 48 are moved apart to use the tensioning device for spreading, the first handle lever 78 is fixed and the second handle lever 80 can pivot in the direction of the first handle lever 78 about the pivot axis 82.

In order to effect a displacement of the tensioning rail 14 in only one direction A or B via the grip element 77, a coupling device is provided as a switching device for the displacement direction, which is arranged in the FIGS. 1 . 3 and 6 as a whole is designated 88.

In a variant of an embodiment, the coupling device 88 comprises, as in FIG FIG. 3 shown, a sliding element 90 which is arranged as a whole transversely to the longitudinal direction of the clamping rail 14 slidably on the housing 16 of the actuating device 12. For this purpose, spaced parallel guide grooves 92a, 92b formed on the housing, which are aligned perpendicular to the displacement directions A and B and in each of which a guide pin 94a, 94b of the sliding element 90 engages.

Furthermore, retaining lugs 96a and 96b are arranged on the sliding element 90, which each serve to position the second retaining element 72 and the first retaining element 54. They are arranged so that only one of the two holding elements 54 and 72 is in a vertical position 66, d. H. either the first holding element 54 is in such a position and the second holding element 72 is tilted (for a displacement of the clamping rail 14 in the direction B) or the second holding element 72 is tilted and the first holding element 54 in its vertical position 66 (for a Shift in the direction A). The two retaining lugs 96a and 96b have substantially the same distance from the clamping rail 14 for this purpose. They engage with the respective guide part 62, 74 of the first holding element 54 or the second holding element 72, which serves to transfer the holding lugs 96a, 96b between a fixing position for the holding element 72 or 54 and a non-holding position.

Furthermore, the sliding element 90 comprises retaining lugs 98a and 98b, which serve in each case as anti-tilt device for the first bearing element 18 (retaining lug 98b) or the second bearing element 34 (retaining lug 98a). The retaining lugs 98a and 98b are arranged and formed so that either the first bearing element 18 is secured against tilting and displacement (in the displacement of the clamping rail in the direction B) or the second bearing element 34 is protected against tilting and displacement (during displacement in the direction A).

In the FIGS. 1 and 3 a tilt lock is shown in solid lines, which allows only a shift in the direction B, and in dashed lines a tilt protection, which allows only a shift in the direction A. For this purpose, the two retaining lugs 98a and 98b are connected via a web element 100 ( FIG. 3 ) which is pivotally connected between the eccentric elements 84 and 86 with a rotation axis 102 parallel to the pivot axis 82 on the housing 16 and is also rotatably articulated to the first retaining lug 98a. If the sliding element 98 is then displaced with the retaining lug 98a, then the retaining lug 98b also moves across the rotated web element 100 transversely to the tensioning rail 14, such that upon movement of the sliding element 90 into a holding position relative to the second bearing element 34, the retaining lug 98a is moved into a holding position for the second bearing element 34 and the retaining lug 98 b from a holding position for the first bearing element 18; with a corresponding reverse displacement of the sliding element 90, the conditions are reversed.

By displacement of the sliding element 90 while the corresponding holding element (if a displacement of the clamping rail 14 is to be allowed in the direction B, the second holding member 72, if to be shifted in the direction A, the first holding member 54) is displaced in its vertical position ,

In a preferred variant of an embodiment, the first contact element 48 and the second contact element 46 are formed substantially the same. In particular, each contact element has a substantially identical first contact surface 106, which faces the other contact element is arranged, and a second contact surface 108, which is arranged facing away from the other contact element ( FIG. 2 ). Thus, the clamping device according to the invention can advantageously be used for clamping (clamping) and spreading. Furthermore, it is provided that the two contact elements 48 and 46 have an aligned flat lower surface 110, to which the contact elements 48 and 46 are adjustable. Likewise, it is provided in a variant of an embodiment that at least a portion of that surface 112 of a contact element, which faces the other contact element, is flat and in particular perpendicular to the clamping rail 14, so that here a support surface is formed, with which the Create abutment elements 48 and 46 on a workpiece.

The tensioning device according to the invention functions as follows:

About the sliding element 90 of the switching device, a user sets the direction of displacement of the clamping rail 14 a. In its lower position (in the FIGS. 1 . 3 and 4 shown in solid lines), the clamping rail 14 can move in the direction B, ie the two contact elements 48 and 46 can be moved away from each other. If, starting from this position, the sliding element 90 is displaced upward, then the displacement direction can be switched in the opposite direction A, in which the two contact elements 48 and 46 can be moved towards each other.

In the lower position of the sliding element 90 for displacement in the direction B, the pivoting of the first handle lever 78 is locked. The first bearing element 18 is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tensioning rail 14. In this position of the sliding element 90, the first retaining element 54 is not in the position 66, so that the first blocking element 52 is tilted against the displacement direction and thus jammed with the clamping rail 14. As a result, the displacement of the tensioning rail 14 in the direction A is blocked.

By pressing the second handle lever 80, a force is exerted on the second bearing element 34 via the eccentric element 86, this tilted in the direction of force and jammed with the clamping rail 14. This is at further exercise of force on actuation of the second handle lever 80, the second bearing element 34, as Feed element acts, further moved and due to the jamming with the clamping rail 14, this is moved. The bearing element 34 is thereby a feed bearing.

The second handle lever 80 can only be pivoted to a certain pivot angle. When the user releases this second handle lever 80, the second compression spring 73 pushes the second bearing member 34 back to its home position. Since it is no longer subjected to force on the second handle lever 80, the tilt is released, which allows the pushing back of the bearing element 34. Due to the blocking position of the first locking element 52 is ensured that upon retraction of the second bearing element 34, the clamping rail 14 is not moved back in the direction A. Since this first blocking element 52 is tilted in the direction A, a displacement in the direction B, as it is effected via the second bearing element 34, counteracts this tilting and thus does not hinder the displacement in the direction B.

By displacement of the sliding element 90, the retaining lug 96 b is pushed along the guide part 62 of the first holding member 54 that this is displaced into the vertical position 66 and thus the first blocking element 52. Furthermore, the retaining lug 96 a, the previously the second holding member 76th held in a vertical position, pushed out, so that due to the action of the spring force of the second compression spring 73, the second locking element 70 and the second support member 76 tilt. At the same time, the retaining lug 98a is displaced toward the second bearing element 34, so that it is no longer tiltable and the pivotability of the second handle lever 80 is locked. By the displacement of the retaining lug 98a, the retaining lug 98b is pivoted away from its locking position on the first bearing element 18 and thereby released.

It can then be the first handle lever 78 pivot against the second handle lever 80, thereby tilting the first bearing member 18 and move the clamping rail 14 in the direction A due to its design as a feed element to move the two contact elements 46 and 48 toward each other.

The displacement in the direction B is blocked in the direction B due to the tilting of the second locking element 70.

Due to its rotatable mounting, the clamping rail 14 is independent of the position of the sliding element 90 with respect to the housing 16 of the actuator 12 unlimited, ie rotatable by any angle. As a result, a set orientation of the two abutment elements 46 and 48 remains relative to each other even upon rotation of the clamping rail 14 is obtained.

In a second embodiment of a clamping device according to the invention, which in FIG. 5 is designated as a whole by 120, the feed / return mechanism for displacement of the clamping rail is basically the same structure as already in connection with the first embodiment according to the FIGS. 1 to 4 described. Equipped components have therefore in FIG. 5 the same reference numerals as in the FIGS. 1 to 4 ,

In the clamping device 120, a grip element 122 is provided with a first handle lever 124 which is pivotally mounted about a first pivot axis 126 and a second handle lever 128 which is pivotally connected about a second pivot axis 130 which is parallel to the first pivot axis 126 , A pivot bearing 123 for the first handle lever 124 is formed by a pin 125 about which the first handle lever 124 is rotatable. A same pivot bearing 127 with a pin 129 is formed for the second handle lever 128 in the same way. A web member 132 is slid over the pins 125 and 129 to couple the two handle levers 124 and 128 together.

The housing 16 has a recess 133 in which at least one of the web elements 132 is guided displaceably parallel to the clamping rail 14; not only a pivoting is achieved in the application of force to a handle lever 124 and 128, but on the or the web elements 132, the two coupled handle lever 124 and 128 are shifted together. It can then be achieved via the pivoting of the handle lever 124 and 128, a displacement of the rod member 132 in the direction of displacement of the clamping rail 14, whereby at the same pivot angle longer displacement path of the clamping rail 14 is reached, since to some extent the handle lever 124 and 128, the feed element 18 and 34 is tracked. It is thus a slide track for the handle lever 124 and 128 is formed. By the linear guide of the handle lever 124 and 128 is pivoted in the pivoting of a handle lever 124 and 128 for moving the clamping rail 14 in the direction A and B, the other handle lever 128 or 124 something in the opposite direction to the actuating handle lever 124 and 128.

Furthermore, in the housing 16 mutually associated recesses 138 and 140 and mutually associated recesses 142 and 144 are provided. In the recess 138, a pin can be inserted, which blocks the tilting of the second bearing element 34. Similarly, a pin can be inserted into the recess 142, which blocks the tilting of the first bearing element 18. In the recess 140, a pin can be inserted, which brings the first holding member 54 in a vertical position in which the first locking element 52 is in a non-locking position for the displacement of the clamping rail 14. In the recess 144, a pin can be inserted, which fixes the second holding member 72 in a vertical position in which the locking element 70 is not jammed against the clamping rail 14.

Advantageously, a coupling element is provided as a switching element, for example in the form of a bridge element, which has a web on which pins are arranged at a certain distance (not shown in the figures). This coupling element can then be so on the Arrange housing 16 that in a first position, the displacement of the clamping rail in one direction is possible and the displacement is locked in the other and vice versa in a second position accordingly.

For example, if the coupling element is arranged so that it is inserted into the recesses 138 and 140, then a displacement of the clamping rail in the direction A is released.

If corresponding pins of the coupling element are inserted into the recesses 142 and 144, then a displacement of the clamping rail in the direction B is possible while the displacement in the direction A is locked.

The coupling element thus forms, together with the recesses 138, 140, 142 and 144, a switching device for switching over the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail 14.

Otherwise, the tensioning device 120 functions substantially the same as described above for the tensioning device 10.

Advantageously, the housing 16 is formed to include a first housing portion 146 (see, for example, FIG FIG. 5 ), which is provided for example with recesses 38, 42, 50, in which the moving parts can be inserted. By fixing a second housing part (not shown in the figure) on the first housing part can then fix these parts in their recesses, without having to be screwed. It will be enough, just the two To connect housing parts together, for example via screws. As a result, the production cost can be kept low.

In a third embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention, which as a whole in Fig. 6 150, a rotary-slide bearing 154 and 156 are arranged in a housing 152 opposite each other, in which a clamping rail 158 is mounted both rotatable about a longitudinal axis 160 and slidable in the direction of the longitudinal axis 160.

Such a rotary-slide bearing 154 or 156 is formed by a circular recess 162, wherein around the circumference of the recess 162 a cylindrical flange 164 is seated to ensure the Gleitverschieblichkeit the tensioning rail 158. The clamping rail 158 has a circular profile with opposite lateral recesses 165.

A first contact element 166, which is designed in particular as a support bracket is held on the housing 152 so that it is immovable against this and thus the actuator 12. By way of example cylindrical recess 167 in the first contact element 166, the clamping rail 158 relative to this first contact element 166 slidably. For example, in the first contact element 166, an annular recess 170 is provided into which a corresponding flange of the rotary sliding bearing 156 dips, on the one hand to ensure the rotatability of the first contact element 166 relative to the housing 152 and on the other hand this immovably with respect to the housing 152 hold.

The first contact element 166 itself is rotatably held in a variant of an embodiment of the clamping rail 158, so that upon rotation of the clamping rail 158 relative to the actuating device 12, the first contact element 166 is rotated. To sit in the recess 167 in the first contact element 166 through which the clamping rail 158 is guided, diametrically opposite strips 169 which engage in the groove-shaped recesses 165 ( FIG. 7 ).

At the clamping rail 158, a second contact element 172 is also held immovably and in particular rotationally fixed. This second contact element 172 may be formed as a support bracket.

In a variant of one embodiment, the first abutment element 166 is rotatably arranged relative to the tensioning rail 158, for example, in the recess 167 no strips sit for engagement in the recesses 165 or the clamping rail 158 has no such recesses. It may also be an additional pivot bearing as described in connection with the first embodiment ( FIG. 1 , Pivot bearing 47) may be provided.

Between the second contact element 172 and the first contact element 166 then a particular parallel to the clamping rail 158 aligned coupling rod 174 is arranged, which couples the first contact element 166 so with the second contact element 172 that upon rotation of the clamping rail 158, wherein the second contact element 172 is rotated, via the coupling with the coupling rod 174, the first contact element 166 is rotated and thus rotated relative to the actuator 12; this remains the rotation of the clamping rail 158, the relative orientation between the two contact elements 166 and 172 obtained without the first contact element 166 rotatably seated on the clamping rail 158. The coupling of the first contact element 166 via the coupling rod 174 to the second contact element 172 thus blocks the free rotation of the first contact element 166 about the tensioning rail 158.

In order to be able to change the relative distance between the first contact element 166 and the second contact element 172 when the tensioning rail 158 is displaced, the coupling rod 174 is provided with a guide recess 176 with respect to the second contact element 172 or with respect to the first contact element 166 or with respect to both contact elements 166 and 172 slidably guided.

The mechanism for advancing the clamping rail 158 functions independently of the type of fixing of the first contact element 166 on the clamping rail 158 substantially the same, as he already in connection with the Fig. 1 has been described. Feed elements 178 and 180 are likewise provided, between which a block element 182 is arranged. The feed elements 178 and 180 are each tiltable against the clamping rail 158 in order to jam with this and then move them in the direction A or B can. The feed elements 178 and 180 have central recesses through which the clamping rail 158 is guided and in which it is rotatable relative to the feed elements. (It may also be provided in an alternative embodiment, that the clamping rail 158 is rotatably guided in the feed elements 178, 180, for example by holding elements of the feed elements 178, 180 in the recesses 165 of the clamping rail 158 engage. The feed elements 178, 180 must then be rotatably supported in the housing as a whole.)

Further, holding members 184 and 186 are provided, which in the same manner as the holding members 64 and 74 and the locking elements according to Fig. 1 function. At the in Fig. 6 Embodiment shown here are no separate locking elements and retaining elements as in Fig. 1 provided, but the holding elements 184 and 186 take over both the locking and the holding function.

At the in Fig. 6 As shown embodiment, a handle lever 188 is provided, which is arranged pivotably with a pivot axis 190 transverse to the displacement direction of the clamping rail 158 on the housing 152. This handle lever 188 is pivotable in both pivoting directions. In a rest position, it is aligned with a longitudinal axis 192 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 160 of the clamping rail 158, wherein in this orientation, the longitudinal axis 192 is located in particular in a median plane of the housing 152.

On the housing 152 fixed counter-elements 194 and 196 are arranged, against each of the handle lever 188 is pivotable, and each serve as a solid handles.

The switching device for blocking the displaceability of the clamping rail 158 in one direction and to switch the blocking direction is basically the same design as already in connection with the Fig. 1 described.

If then the coupling device 88 is set so that the tilting of the feed element 178 and its transport is locked in the direction A, then can be tilted by pivoting the handle lever 188 to the counter element 196 towards the feed element 180 and move in the direction B, whereby the Clamping rail 158 is moved in the direction B. Correspondingly, when the tilting of the feed element 180 is blocked, the handle lever 188 can pivot toward the counter element 194 in order to be able to displace the tensioning rail 158 in the direction A.

In a fourth embodiment, which in FIG. 10 is shown schematically, a clamping rail 200 is slidably but not rotatably guided to a housing 202 of the actuator 12. A first contact element 204 sits immovably to the actuating device 12 on the clamping rail 200 and is rotatable relative to this, for example via a pivot bearing 206. Thus, the first abutment member 204 is rotatable relative to the actuator.

A second contact element 208, which in particular is rotationally symmetrical about a longitudinal axis of the tensioning rail 200, is seated on the tensioning rail 200 ( FIG. 8, 9 ). The contact element has, for example, a shape already described above in connection with the contact element 49. Nevertheless, due to the rotation of the first abutment element 204 relative to the second abutment element 208, its relative orientation is maintained because of the symmetrical design of the second abutment element 208.

The feed mechanism for the clamping rail 200 is basically the same design as described in connection with the other embodiments.

Claims (49)

1. Clamping device with a clamping bar (14; 158) guided for displacement and an actuating device (12) comprising a gripping element (77; 188), the clamping bar (14; 158) being displaceable by said gripping element, characterized in that the clamping bar (14) is displaceable via the gripping element (77) in one direction (A) or an opposite direction (B) and that a change-over device is provided for enabling the displacement in one direction (A; B) and blocking the displacement in the opposite direction (B; A).
2. Clamping device as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the gripping element (77) comprises a first gripping lever (78) for displacing the clamping bar (14) in one direction (A) and a second gripping lever (80) for displacing the clamping bar (14) in the opposite direction (B).
3. Clamping device as defined in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that only one gripping lever (78; 80) is actuatable at the same time.
4. Clamping device as defined in claim 1, characterized in that a gripping lever (188) is provided for displacing the clamping bar (158) in the one direction (A; B) or the opposite direction (B; A) depending on the direction of pivot.
5. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more gripping levers (78, 80) are provided, said levers being designed as rocker arms.
6. Clamping device as defined in claim 5, characterized in that a gripping lever (78, 80) is displaceable on a rocker arm path (133) parallel to the clamping bar (14).
7. Clamping device as defined in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a first gripping lever (78) and a second gripping lever (80) are coupled to one another such that they are displaceable together on a rocker arm path (133).
8. Clamping device as defined in any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that a gripping lever (78; 80) for actuating the displacement of the clamping bar (14) is arranged and designed as a rocker arm such that it is movable in the direction of displacement of the clamping bar (14).
9. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the change-over device comprises blocking elements (52, 54, 98a, 98b) for blocking displacement of the clamping bar (14) in one direction (A; B), wherein the displacement in the opposite direction (B; A) is not impeded.
10. Clamping device as defined in claim 9, characterized in that the direction of displacement (A, B) of the clamping bar (14) is switchable via the blocking elements (52, 54, 70, 72, 98a, 98b).
11. Clamping device as defined in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the blocking elements (52, 54, 70, 72, 98a, 98b) are structural elements separate from the first and second gripping levers (78, 80).
12. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second gripping levers (78, 80) are arranged and designed such that they are adapted to be gripped together with one hand.
13. Clamping device as defined in claim 12, characterized in that the first gripping lever (78) is not pivotable when the second gripping lever (80) is actuatable and the second gripping lever (80) is not pivotable when the first gripping lever (78) is actuatable.
14. Clamping device as defined in claim 13, characterized in that the first gripping lever (78) is pivotable in the direction of the second gripping lever (80) for the displacement of the clamping bar (14).
15. Clamping device as defined in claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the second gripping lever (80) is pivotable in the direction of the first gripping lever (78) for the displacement of the clamping bar (14).
16. Clamping device as defined in any one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that one or more counterelements (194, 196) are provided for the gripping lever (188) and are adapted to be gripped with the gripping lever (188) with one hand.
17. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating device (12) is designed to be essentially in mirror symmetry to a central plane (30) transverse to the direction of displacement (A, B).
18. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an advancing element (18; 34) is provided for the displacement of the clamping bar (14), said advancing element being tiltable against the clamping bar (14) in order to block the displaceability of the clamping bar against the advancing element (18; 34) and is movable in the direction of displacement (A; B) of the clamping bar (14) due to action of a gripping lever (78; 80).
19. Clamping device as defined in claim 18, characterized in that a pressure spring (68; 73) is arranged between an advancing element (18; 34) and a blocking element (52; 70) for exerting a restoring force on the advancing element (18; 34) contrary to the direction of displacement.
20. Clamping device as defined in claim 19, characterized in that the blocking element (52; 70) is adapted to be brought into a blocking position blocking displaceability of the clamping bar (14) in one direction (A; B).
21. Clamping device as defined in claim 20, characterized in that a holding element (54; 72) is associated with the blocking element (52; 70) for holding the blocking element (52; 70) in a non-blocking position or the blocking element is designed as a holding element adapted to be held in a non-blocking position.
22. Clamping device as defined in claim 21, characterized in that the holding element (54; 72) is independent of the gripping element (77).
23. Clamping device as defined in claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the holding element (54; 72) is adapted to be fixed in a holding position (66), the blocking element (52; 70) being in a non-blocking position in said holding position.
24. Clamping device as defined in claim 23, characterized in that the holding position (66) of the holding element (54; 72) is adapted to be fixed by blocking elements (96a, 96b) holding the holding element essentially at right angles to the clamping bar (14).
25. Clamping device as defined in any one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that a first advancing element (18) for the displacement of the clamping bar (14) in a first direction of displacement (A) and a second advancing element (34) for the displacement in an opposite direction (B) are provided.
26. Clamping device as defined in claim 25, characterized in that first and second advancing elements (18, 34) are tiltable in opposite directions (A, B).
27. Clamping device as defined in claim 25 or 26, characterized in that a first blocking element (52), a first pressure spring (68) and, where applicable, a first holding element (54) are associated with the first advancing element (18) and a second blocking element (70), a second pressure spring (73) and, where applicable, a second holding element (72) are associated with the second advancing element (34).
28. Clamping device as defined in claim 27, characterized in that first and second blocking elements (52, 70) are adapted to be coupled to one another such that when the first blocking element (52) is in a blocking position the second blocking element (70) is in a non-blocking position and vice versa.
29. Clamping device as defined in claim 28, characterized in that the first blocking element (52) is tilted in the opposite direction to the second advancing element (34) during its displacement and the second blocking element (70) is tilted in the opposite direction to the first advancing element (18) during its displacement.
30. Clamping device as defined in claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the change-over device comprises a coupling device (88) adapted to be secured in a position on the housing (16) where the first blocking element (52) is fixed in a non-blocking position and the second blocking element (70) is in a blocking position and is adapted to be secured in a second position where the first blocking element (52) is in a blocking position and the second blocking element (70) is fixed in a non-blocking position.
31. Clamping device as defined in claim 30, characterized in that in the first position of the coupling device (88) the second advancing element (34) is secured against tilting and in the second position the first advancing element (18) is secured against tilting.
32. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (16) of the actuating device (12) is designed and provided with recesses (38, 50) such that the movable parts (18, 34, 36, 40) are fixed with respect to the housing (16) solely via the recesses acting as contact surfaces.
33. Clamping device as defined in claim 32, characterized in that the housing (16) of the actuating device (12) comprises a first housing section (146) and a second housing section adapted to be fixed to one another.
34. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a contact element (46; 48) held on the clamping bar (14) has contact surfaces (106, 108) essentially of the same design transverse to the longitudinal direction of the clamping bar (14).
35. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first contact element (46) is provided, said element being held on the clamping bar (14) so as to be non-displaceable, and a second contact element (48) is provided, the distance of said element from the first contact element (46) being variable as a result of displacement of the clamping bar (14).
36. Clamping device as defined in claim 35, characterized in that the second contact element (48) is arranged so as to be non-displaceable with respect to the actuating device (12).
37. Clamping device as defined in claim 35 or 36, characterized in that the first contact element (46) and the second contact element (48) have contact surfaces (106, 108) of essentially the same design.
38. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping bar (14) is mounted for rotation on the actuating device (12).
39. Clamping device as defined in claim 38, characterized in that the clamping bar (14) is unlimitedly rotatable.
40. Clamping device as defined in claim 38 or 39, characterized in that contact elements (46, 48) are held on the clamping bar (14) such that they are co-rotated during the rotation of the clamping bar (14).
41. Clamping device as defined in claim 40, characterized in that a contact element (46) is seated on the clamping bar (14), said element being secured with respect to the actuating device (12) so as to be non-displaceable and rotatable.
42. Clamping device as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping bar (14) is mounted for displacement by at least one bearing element (36, 40), wherein the bearing element is rotatably mounted on the actuating device (12).
43. Clamping device as defined in any one of claims 1 to 41, characterized in that the clamping bar (158) is mounted on the actuating device (12) so as to be displaceable and rotatable by at least one rotary slide bearing (154).
44. Clamping device as defined in claim 42, characterized in that the clamping bar (14) is guided non-rotatably in the bearing element (36, 40).
45. Clamping device as defined in claim 44, characterized in that the clamping bar (14) has a profile designed such that the rotatability of the clamping bar (14) is blockable in relation to a bearing element (36, 40) guiding the clamping bar (14) for displacement.
46. Clamping device as defined in any one of claims 42 to 45, characterized in that at least one bearing element (36, 40) is designed as a deep-groove bearing arranged in the housing (16) of the actuating device (12) so as to be rotatable and non-displaceable by means of a groove (44).
47. Clamping device as defined in claim 46, characterized in that a contact element (46) is held on the housing (16) of the actuating device (12) via a deep-groove bearing (40) so as to be non-displaceable and rotatable with the clamping bar (14).
48. Clamping device as defined in any one of claims 38 to 47, characterized in that an advancing element (18; 34) tiltable against the clamping bar (14) in order to block the displacement of the clamping bar against the advancing element (18; 34) and movable in the direction of displacement of the clamping bar (14) due to action of a gripping lever (78; 80; 188) is arranged on the actuating device (12) so as to be rotatable.
49. Clamping device as defined in any one of claims 39 to 48, characterized in that a blocking element (52, 70) for blocking the displaceability of the clamping bar (14) in one direction is arranged on the actuating device (12) so as to be rotatable.

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