EP1165290A1

EP1165290A1 - Clamping device

Info

Publication number: EP1165290A1
Application number: EP00903664A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Horst Klimach; Siegfried Foshag; Karl Philipp; Hans Rösch
Original assignee: Bessey and Sohn GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Bessey Tool GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2000-02-02
Filing date: 2000-02-02
Publication date: 2002-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 2020-02-02
Also published as: US20020070490A1; EP1165290B1; WO2001056747A1; DE50015624D1; ATE428538T1; JP2003521387A; US6575442B2; CA2369100A1; CA2369100C

Abstract

In order to provide a clamping device with a clamping rail (14) guided for displacement and an actuating device (12) which comprises a gripping element (77), by means of which the clamping rail (14) can be displaced, which can be used universally it is suggested that the clamping rail (14) be displaceable via the gripping element (77) in one direction (A) or an opposite direction (B) and that a change-over device be provided for freeing the displacement in one direction (A; B) and blocking the displacement in the opposite direction (B; A).

Description

tensioning device

The invention relates to a tensioning device with a displaceably guided tensioning rail and an actuating device which comprises a grip element through which the tensioning rail is displaceable.

Such tensioning devices are known for example from DE 39 17 473 AI, DE 197 31 579 AI, DE 296 03 811 UI or US 4,989,847. They have the advantage that they can essentially be operated with one hand.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to create a tensioning device that can be used universally and, in particular, is extremely easy to use.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a tensioning device of the type mentioned at the outset in that the tensioning rail can be displaced in one direction or in an opposite direction via the grip element and in that a switching device is provided for releasing the displacement in one direction and blocking the displacement in the opposite direction.

As a result, the clamping device according to the invention can be used both for clamping workpieces by exerting a clamping force and for spreading by exerting a spreading force, the possible uses not being obstructed, since the displacement of the clamping rail can be blocked in one direction by the switching device. In contrast to devices known from the prior art, a displacement in two directions can be actuated via the handle element. In an advantageous variant of an embodiment, the grip element comprises a first grip lever, by means of which the tensioning rail can be displaced in one direction, and a second grip lever, by means of which the tensioning rail can be displaced in the opposite direction. As a result, a handle lever is assigned to each displacement device, so that the tensioning device according to the invention can be used in a simple manner.

It is particularly advantageous if only one handle lever can be actuated at the same time. This ensures that an optimal result is achieved for the respective application - clamping or spreading. H. at the same time only the displacement can be actuated in a single direction and a clamping position or a spreading position cannot be released by unintentional actuation of the other handle. In addition, this has the further advantage that the other handle lever serves as a fixed counterpart for the manual system when pivoting a handle, so that no additional handle element has to be provided, but the functional parts of the first handle lever and the second handle lever make it very easy to use.

In a further variant of an embodiment, a handle lever is provided, by means of which the tensioning rail can be displaced in one direction or the opposite direction, depending on the pivoting direction. Since in such an embodiment only a single handle lever has to be provided, by means of which the tensioning rail can be displaced in one direction or the other direction, depending on the pivoting direction, the tensioning device can be produced in a simple manner. It is particularly advantageous if one or more handle levers are provided, which are designed as a backdrop. As a result, a handle lever is not only pivotable, but also displaceable about its pivot point and, in particular, displaceable in a slideway. The advance of a tensioning rail is essentially achieved in that a handle lever is pivoted and the extent of the advance depends on the pivoting angle. However, this is limited. A handle lever can be adjusted in its displacement direction during its pivoting movement of the tensioning rail, so that a greater displacement distance of the tensioning rail can be achieved with the same pivoting angle. In particular, it is advantageous for a handle lever to be displaceable parallel to the tensioning rail on a slide track. This allows a handle lever with its pivot point to effectively track the tensioning rail.

A first handle lever and a second handle lever are advantageously coupled to one another in such a way that they can be moved together on a slide track. In this way it can be achieved that regardless of the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail, when a displacement is actuated by the first handle lever and the second handle lever, the handle element as a whole is moved in the correct direction in order to increase the displacement distance of the tensioning rail during a pivoting process , Conveniently, a handle lever, by which the displacement of the tensioning rail is actuated, is arranged and designed as a backdrop such that it can be moved in the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail. This automatically ensures that this Handle lever is guided in the correct direction and thus a long displacement path of the tensioning rail can be reached by its actuation.

The changeover device advantageously includes locking means by means of which a displacement of the tensioning rail can be locked in one direction, the displacement in the opposite direction being unimpeded. This ensures that when the tensioning device according to the invention is used, the multi-functionality (tensioning or spreading) does not interfere with the respective use.

Conveniently, the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail can be switched via the locking means. This allows the corresponding direction of displacement of the tensioning rail to be set in a simple manner.

The locking means are advantageously separate components from the first and second handle levers, in order not to impair the ease of use and the function of the handle levers.

In an advantageous embodiment of the tensioning device according to the invention, the first and the second handle levers are arranged and designed such that they can be gripped together by one hand. As a result, a good force effect can be exerted by manual operation and, in particular, no further stationary counter-element has to be provided as a handle for pivoting the handle levers. Conveniently, the first handle lever cannot be pivoted when the second handle lever can be actuated and the second handle lever cannot be pivoted when the first handle lever is actuatable. The first handle lever can advantageously be pivoted in the direction of the second handle lever for displacing the tensioning rail, and the second handle lever can be pivoted in the direction of the first handle lever for displacing the tensioning rail. As a result, a displacement of the tensioning rail can be achieved in a simple manner and, in particular, the design effort for forming a displacement mechanism can be kept low.

In particular in the variant of an embodiment in which a single handle lever is provided, by pivoting it in one direction, the tensioning rail is displaceable in one direction and by pivoting it in the opposite direction, the tensioning rail is displaced in the opposite direction, it is advantageous if for the handle lever one or more counter elements are provided, which can be gripped with the handle lever in one hand. This counter element or these counter elements serve an operator to grasp the tensioning device according to the invention by hand by placing the counter element in the palm of the hand, and the grip element can then be pivoted by finger movement. In a variant of an embodiment, the grip element can be placed in the palm while the fingers are supported on the counter element and the grip lever is displaced by moving the palm in the direction of the fingers.

It is very particularly advantageous if the actuating device is essentially mirror-symmetrical to a central plane transverse to the direction of displacement. This allows in particular the displacement mechanism for moving the tensioning rail in both directions in form essentially the same, which in turn keeps the design and manufacturing costs low, since in particular the number of different components is minimized.

In a variant of an embodiment, a feed element is provided for displacing the tensioning rail, which can be tilted against the tensioning rail in order to block the displaceability of the tensioning rail against the feed element, and which is displaceable in the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail by the action of a handle. As a result, a displacement of the tensioning rail can be achieved in a structurally simple manner by first causing the tilting and then moving the tensioning rail along by moving the tilted feed element.

A compression spring is advantageously arranged between a feed element and a locking element, by means of which a restoring force can be exerted on the feed element against the direction of displacement. As a result, the feed element is pushed back when the handle is relieved, without the tensioning rail itself being displaced. When it is operated again using the handle lever, it can then be moved further. As a result, the tensioning rail can in particular be shifted step by step, but the displacement guide is continuous.

Advantageously, the locking element can be brought into a locking position in which a displaceability of the tensioning rail is locked in one direction. It is achieved in a structurally simple manner that the tensioning rail can only be displaced in one direction, while the displacement in the other direction is blocked. It is ensured that if the tensioning device according to the invention is to be used as a tensioning tool, it is only pushed in the corresponding direction for exerting force and the tensioning rail does not withdraw and accordingly the same is achieved for use as an expanding tool.

It is particularly advantageous if the locking element is assigned a holding element, by means of which the locking element can be held in a non-locking position, or the locking element is designed as a holding element, which can be held in a non-locking position. Such a holding element can be operated, in particular, from outside the housing of the actuating device, in order in a simple manner, i. H. while ensuring a high level of operating convenience, to set or remove a corresponding blocking position.

Conveniently, the holding element is independent of the grip element in order not to influence the force exerted on the grip element on the tensioning rail and in particular not to degrade the ease of use of the grip element.

The holding element can advantageously be fixed in a holding position in which the locking element is in a non-locking position. In this way, the non-locking position can be secured and thus ensure the sliding displacement guidance of the tensioning rail.

It is particularly advantageous if the holding position of the holding element can be fixed by locking means which hold the holding means essentially perpendicular to the tensioning rail is. The vertical posture ensures that the tensioning rail can slide, since no jamming can occur.

A first feed element for displacing the tensioning rail in a first displacement direction and a second feed element for displacement in an opposite direction are advantageously provided. The displacement guide and displacement actuation for the tensioning rail can thereby be designed in a structurally and production-technically simple manner.

The first and second feed elements can advantageously be tilted in opposite directions. This enables opposite pivot directions for the two handle levers, if two such handle levers are provided, or for a single handle lever, and in particular it is thereby also easily accessible to block the displacement of the tensioning rail in the opposite direction to the displacement direction.

It is particularly advantageous if the first feed element is assigned a first locking element, a first compression spring and possibly a first holding element and the second feeding element is assigned a second locking element, a second compression spring and optionally a second holding element. In this way, the displacement mechanism can be designed essentially the same for both displacement directions.

In order to enable safe use of the tensioning device according to the invention both as a tensioning tool and as a spreading tool, it is advantageous if the first and second Locking element can be coupled to one another such that when the first locking element is in a locking position, the second locking element is in a non-locking position and vice versa.

Conveniently, the first locking element is tilted in the opposite direction to the second feed element when it is displaced and the second locking element is tilted in the opposite direction to the first feed element when it is displaced. As a result, the displacement of the tensioning rail in the direction of displacement is not hindered because the jamming is released by the blocking element, while the movement in the opposite direction is blocked because the jamming acts and increases here.

A high level of operating convenience is provided if a coupling device is provided which can be fixed in a first position on the housing, in which the first locking element is fixed in a non-locking position and the second locking element is in a locking position and can be fixed in a second position which is the first locking element in a locking position and the second locking element is fixed in a non-locking position. The direction of displacement can be set or switched over in a simple manner by means of the coupling device, which can, for example, be arranged displaceably on the housing or can be separated therefrom.

Conveniently, the second feed element is secured against tilting in the first position of the coupling device and the first feed element is secured against tilting in the second position. This ensures in particular that the corresponding handle lever is not pivotable is and is fixed, so that in the respective first or second position only the handle lever can be pivoted, which causes a displacement of the tensioning rail in the desired direction.

It is very particularly favorable if the housing of the actuating device is designed and provided with recesses in such a way that the movable parts are fixed with respect to the housing solely via the recesses acting as contact surfaces. These moving parts can then be inserted into the housing and do not have to be additionally fixed, for example by means of screw connections. The tensioning device according to the invention can then be assembled quickly with little production outlay.

It is advantageous if the housing of the actuating device, which is in particular a closed housing, comprises a first housing part and a second housing part, which can be fixed together. The components can be inserted into the first housing part and by placing the second housing part on, they are finally fixed in the assembled housing. The two housing parts can then be fixed to one another in a simple manner, for example by means of screw connections. The housing protects the movable components and oil or grease or the like, which is used to increase the mobility of the movable components, remains attached to them for longer. It is expedient if a contact element which is held on the tensioning rail has essentially identical contact surfaces transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tensioning rail. As a result, such a contact element can be used both for clamping purposes and for spreading purposes.

The device according to the invention can be used universally if a first contact element is provided, which is held immovably on the tensioning rail, and a second contact element is provided, whose distance from the first contact element can be changed by moving the tensioning rail. By means of such contact elements, the tensioning device can be used in particular for both tensioning and spreading. The distance between the contact elements can be varied in a structurally simple manner if the second contact element is arranged immovably on the actuating device.

The first contact element and the second contact element advantageously have essentially identical contact surfaces. As a result, the clamping device according to the invention can be used universally, since it can be used as a clamping tool and spreading tool.

In an advantageous variant of an embodiment, it is provided that the tensioning rail is rotatably mounted in the actuating device. As a result, the tensioning device can be used as a one-handed tensioning device in which the displacement of the tensioning rail can be operated with one hand. The orientation of contact elements and in particular contact brackets on the clamping rail with respect to a workpiece change by turning the clamping rail accordingly until the workpieces to be clamped or the workpieces to be spread are optimally gripped.

In particular, it is advantageous if the tensioning rail can be rotated indefinitely, since a high level of operating convenience is then achieved.

It is particularly advantageous if the contact elements are held in the tensioning rail in such a way that they are also rotated when the tensioning rail rotates. As a result, a relative orientation between the contact elements, which has been set accordingly, is retained even when the tensioning rail is rotated.

A contact element which is fixed immovably and rotatably with respect to the actuating device is advantageously seated on the tensioning rail. This contact element represents a contact surface for clamping or spreading applications. The distance between the first contact element and the second contact element can be changed by displacing the tensioning rail on which the first contact element is fixed. The orientation of the two contact elements to one another is not changed by rotating the tensioning rail.

In an alternative embodiment, which is particularly advantageous in terms of production technology, it is provided that the tensioning rail is rotatably and displaceably mounted on the actuating device by at least one rotary-sliding bearing. As a result, only one type of bearing is required, and in such a bearing the tensioning rail is simultaneously rotatably mounted and is displaceably mounted. It is expedient if a tensioning rail is displaceably supported by at least one bearing element, the bearing element being rotatably mounted in a housing of the actuating device. Such a bearing element on the one hand ensures good sliding displaceability of the tensioning rail and, on the other hand, enables it to be rotated. In particular, the tensioning rail is guided in a rotationally fixed manner in the bearing element. Such a non-rotatable guide can be constructed in a structurally simple manner in that the tensioning slips have a profile which is designed such that the rotatability of the tensioning rail can be locked relative to a bearing element through which the tensioning rail is displaceably guided. An adapted recess in the bearing element then prevents rotation in the recess relative to the bearing element. For example, the tensioning rail can have a flat profile for this purpose.

In a structurally advantageous embodiment, at least one bearing element is designed as a groove bearing, which is arranged on the housing of the actuating device so that it cannot be moved and rotated by a groove. The groove in the groove bearing ensures immovability and the rotatability of the bearing with the tensioning rail is achieved in a simple manner.

Conveniently, a contact element is immovable on a groove bearing and rotatably held on the housing of the actuating device with the tensioning rail. The groove bearing can be connected, for example, in one piece or in a form-fitting manner to the second contact element. It is then no longer necessary to provide a rotationally fixed fixation for the contact element on the tensioning rail. It is expedient if at least one feed element which can be tilted against the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail in order to block the displaceability of the tensioning rail relative to the feed element and which is displaceable in the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail is rotatably arranged. This ensures that the tensioning rail can be rotated.

In a variant of an embodiment, a locking element for locking the displacement of the tensioning rail is rotatably arranged in one direction in the housing of the actuating device. This ensures that the tensioning rail can be rotated.

The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention serves in conjunction with the drawing for a more detailed explanation. Show it:

Figure 1: a side sectional view of a first

Embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a side view of contact elements of a tensioning device according to the invention;

FIG. 3: a side sectional view of an actuating device according to FIG. 1, which shows a switching device for switching the direction of displacement of a tensioning rail;

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line XX in Figure 3; Figure 5 is a view of a second embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention, in which a housing of an actuating device is shown open;

Figure 6 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention;

Figure 7 is a partial sectional view taken along the line Y-Y in Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a partial view of an alternative embodiment of a contact element;

Figure 9: a side view of the contact element according to Figure 8 and

Figure 10 is a partial front sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention.

A first exemplary embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention, which is designated as a whole by 10 in FIG. 1, comprises an actuating device 12 and a tensioning rail 14 which is displaceably guided on the actuating device 12 and whose displacement can be actuated via the actuating device 12.

The actuating device 12 has a housing 16 and in particular a closed housing in which the tensioning rail 14 is guided so as to be slidable. In one variant of an embodiment, the tensioning rail 14 has a flat profile and has a substantially rectangular cross section, as shown in FIG. 4, in particular with lateral indentations.

To guide the displacement of the tensioning rail 14, a first bearing element 18 in the form of a bearing disc is arranged in the housing 16 of the actuating device 12, which has a centrally arranged recess 20 in which the tensioning rail 14 is guided so as to be slidable (FIG. 4). The recess 20 is designed such that the tensioning rail 14 cannot be rotated against the first bearing element 18.

The first bearing element 18 is rotatably arranged in the housing 16, a block element 24 of the housing 16 with an end face 26 providing an in particular annular contact surface for the first bearing element 18, which is oriented perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the tensioning rail 14.

In the variant of an embodiment shown, the block element 24 sits symmetrically and in particular mirror-symmetrically with respect to a central plane 30 of the actuating device 12. An end face 32 of the block element 24 opposite the end face 26 forms a contact surface for a second rotatable bearing element 34, which has the same structure as that first bearing element 18 and through which the tensioning rail 14 is also guided.

To guide the displacement of the tensioning rail 14, a first groove bearing 36 is furthermore arranged on a first passage 38 of the tensioning rail 14 through the housing 16 and a second groove bearing 40 on a second passage 42 of the housing 16, which is opposite the first passage 38. Such a groove bearing 36, 40 is formed by a disk-shaped element which is provided with a groove-shaped recess 44 on its cylindrical surface. This groove-shaped recess 44 has a width which essentially corresponds to the housing wall in the region of an associated passage 38, 42. As a result, such a groove bearing 36, 40 can be inserted into the housing 16 via its groove-shaped recess 44, it not being displaceable against the housing 16.

Due to the cylindrical inner wall of the groove-shaped recess 44, the groove bearing 36 is rotatably mounted in the first passage 38 and the second groove bearing 40 in the second passage 42 with a corresponding cylindrical shape of the associated passage 38, 42. The groove bearings 36 and 40 each have a recess which is essentially of the same design as the recess 20 (FIG. 4) in the first bearing element 18 and is aligned with this (and with the corresponding recess of the second bearing element 34) and in which the tensioning rail 14 is slidably guided.

A first contact element 46 is connected to the second groove bearing 40, for example by positive locking or in one piece. The first contact element 46 is designed in particular as a contact bracket which is oriented transversely to the tensioning rail 14. As a result, this first contact bracket 46 with the tensioning rail 14 is rotatably mounted on the actuating device 12 via its rotatable mounting by means of the first bearing element 18, the second bearing element 34 and the groove bearings 36 and 40, but is not displaceable against the latter. In a variant of an embodiment, a pivot bearing 47 is seated in a rotationally fixed manner on the groove bearing 40, so that this pivot bearing 47 is rotated with the tensioning rail 14. The first contact bracket 46 is rotatably held in this rotary bearing 47, and its rotatability in the rotary bearing 47 can be fixed, for example, by frictional engagement or positive locking. As a result, the first contact bracket 46 as a whole can be rotated with the rotation of the tensioning rail and independently of it relative to the tensioning rail about the pivot bearing 47.

A second contact element 48 is facing the first contact bracket 46 on the tensioning rail 14 and in particular at one end thereof, for example by positive locking. The distance between the first contact bracket 46 and the second contact element 48 can thus be changed by displacing the tensioning rail 14. The two contact elements 46 and 48 are aligned with one another in a defined orientation and in particular are aligned essentially parallel to one another or at a slight inclination. The clamping action on a workpiece between the contact elements can be increased by an inclination of a contact element and in particular the first contact element 46.

It can be provided that the second contact element 48 is designed as a contact bracket (FIG. 2). In a variant of an embodiment, the second contact element is designed as a particularly circular contact disc 49 (FIGS. 8, 9), which is held centrally on the tensioning rail 14. In this case, an annular contact part 51 can be formed on the contact disc 49 facing the first contact element in order to provide a contact surface that is in line with that of the first contact element, in particular with regard to the dimensions in radial direction corresponds. The contact part 51 and a contact surface of the first contact element are preferably aligned with one another.

In a recess 50 of a wall of the housing 16, in which the first groove bearing 36 is seated at one end, a first locking element 52 is optionally arranged opposite this first groove bearing 36, which is rotatable relative to the housing 16 and is essentially the same as the first bearing element 18. The first locking element 52 is assigned a first holding element 54, on which the first locking element 52 can be placed. This first holding element 54 has a through opening 56 for the tensioning rail 14, in which the latter can be rotated. It extends transversely to the tensioning rail 14 through the housing 16 and emerges from it at an opening 58, so that the first holding element 54 can be moved from outside the housing 16.

The first holding element 54 has a holding part 60, which is, for example, flat, a guide part 62, which is arranged at an angle, for example, on the order of 20 ° to the first locking element 52, and a handle part 64, which is essentially parallel to the Holding part 60 and protrudes from the housing 16 via the opening 58 so that the first holding element 54 can be moved (in particular in the direction of the first bearing element 18). The function of the guide part 62 is explained in more detail below.

The first holding element 54 can be brought into a position 66 (indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1) in which the holding part 60 is aligned perpendicular to the tensioning rail 14 and can be fixed in this position. As a result, the first locking element 52 is also aligned perpendicular to the tensioning rail 14, and the tensioning rail 14 is not thereby jammed by the first locking element 52, that is to say its displaceability is not impeded.

A compression spring 68 is arranged between the first bearing element 18 and the first blocking element 52, which exerts a force on the first blocking element 52 in the direction away from the first bearing element 18 and presses the first blocking element 52 against the holding element 54 and in particular from the first bearing element 18 tilted away when the first holding element 54 is not in its vertical position 66. The compression spring 68 is in particular able to tilt the locking element 52 and the first holding element 54 to such an extent that the locking element 52 blocks the displacement of the tensioning rail 14 in the direction A.

In the same way as a first locking element 52 is assigned to the first bearing element 18, a second locking element 70, a second holding element 72 and a second compression spring 73 between the second locking element 70 and the second bearing element 34 are assigned to the second bearing element 34.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the second holding element 72 is of the same design as the first holding element 54 and is arranged in the same orientation (ie not mirror-symmetrical with respect to the central plane 30). A guide part 74 of the second holding element 72 is therefore arranged at a small angle to a holding part 76 away from the second bearing element 34. The second holding element 72 and thus also the second locking element 70 can be tilted in a direction away from the second bearing element 34 in order to correspondingly clamp the tensioning rail 14. The first locking element 52 and the second locking element 70 can thus be tilted in opposite directions.

A handle element 77 is arranged on the housing, each having a first handle lever 78 which is pivotably arranged and which acts on the first bearing element 18, and a second handle lever 80 which acts on the second bearing element 34. The first handle lever can be about a pivot axis 82 in the direction of the first handle 78, d. H. pivot in a direction away from the first bearing element 18. The second handle lever 80 can be in the direction of the first handle lever 78, i. H. pivot away from the second bearing element 34.

In the exemplary embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, the two handle levers 78 and 80 have the common pivot axis 82.

The first handle lever 78 and the second handle lever 80 are each designed as two-armed levers, each with an eccentric element 84 and 86, which acts on the assigned first bearing element 18 or the second bearing element 34 when the associated handle lever is pivoted, in order to close it against the tensioning rail 14 tilt and move in a direction of displacement of the tensioning rail, so as to effect the displacement itself of the tensioning rail 14. The bearing elements 18 and 34 therefore act as feed elements for the tensioning rail 14, this feed taking place against the spring force of the compression springs 68 and 73, respectively. The grip element 77 is designed so that it can be placed in one hand of a user and can be operated with one hand; that is, the clamping device represents a one-handed clamping device. For displacing the clamping rail in a certain direction, for example in direction A according to FIG. 1, in which the two contact elements 46 and 48 are pushed onto one another (and thus a workpiece can be clamped between these two contact elements), one handle lever is fixed and the other handle lever is pivotable. In particular, for displacement in the direction A according to FIG. 1, the second handle lever 80 is stationary and the first handle lever 78 can be pivoted toward the second handle lever 80. For displacement in the opposite direction B, in which the two contact elements 46 and 48 can be moved apart in order to use the tensioning device for spreading, the first handle lever 78 is fixed and the second handle lever 80 can be pivoted in the direction of the first handle lever 78 about the pivot axis 82.

In order to effect a displacement of the tensioning rail 14 in only one direction A or B via the grip element 77, a coupling device is provided as a switching device for the direction of displacement, which is designated as a whole in FIGS. 1, 3 and 6 with 88.

In a variant of an embodiment, the coupling device 88, as shown in FIG. 3, comprises a sliding element 90, which as a whole is arranged on the housing 16 of the actuating device 12 so as to be displaceable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tensioning rail 14. For this purpose, parallel guide grooves 92a, 92b are formed on the housing, which are aligned perpendicular to the directions of displacement A and B and in each of which a guide pin 94a, 94b of the sliding element 90 engages.

Furthermore, retaining lugs 96a and 96b are arranged on the sliding element 90, each serving to position the second retaining element 72 and the first retaining element 54. They are arranged so that only one of the two holding elements 54 and 72 is in a vertical position 66, i. H. either the first holding element 54 is in such a position and the second holding element 72 is tilted (for displacement of the tensioning rail 14 in the direction B) or the second holding element 72 is tilted and the first holding element 54 is in its vertical position 66 (for one Shift in direction A). For this purpose, the two retaining lugs 96a and 96b are at substantially the same distance from the tensioning rail 14. They engage the respective guide part 62, 74 of the first holding element 54 or the second holding element 72, which serves to transfer the holding lugs 96a, 96b between a fixing position for the holding element 72 or 54 and a non-holding position.

Furthermore, the sliding element 90 comprises retaining lugs 98a and 98b, which each serve as a tilt protection for the first bearing element 18 (retaining lug 98b) or the second bearing element 34 (retaining lug 98a). The retaining lugs 98a and 98b are arranged and designed such that either the first bearing element 18 is secured against tilting and displacement (when the tensioning rail is displaced in direction B) or the second bearing element 34 is protected against tilting and displacement (during the displacement in direction A). In Figures 1 and 3 a solid line is shown, which only allows a shift in direction B, and a broken line, which only allows a shift in direction A, is shown in solid lines. For this purpose, the two retaining lugs 98a and 98b are connected via a web element 100 (FIG. 3), which is pivotably articulated between the eccentric elements 84 and 86 with an axis of rotation 102 parallel to the pivot axis 82 on the housing 16 and is likewise pivotably articulated on the first retaining lug 98a. If the sliding element 98 is then displaced with the holding lug 98a, then the holding lug 98b also moves transversely to the tensioning rail 14 via the rotated web element 100, in such a way that the holding lug 98a when the sliding element 90 moves into a holding position with respect to the second bearing element 34 is moved into a holding position for the second bearing element 34 and the holding lug 98b from a holding position for the first bearing element 18; with a corresponding reversed displacement of the sliding element 90, the conditions are reversed.

By shifting the sliding element 90, the corresponding holding element (if a displacement of the tensioning rail 14 is to be permitted in direction B, the second holding element 72, if it is to be shifted in direction A, the first holding element 54) is simultaneously shifted into its vertical position ,

In a preferred variant of an embodiment, the first contact element 48 and the second contact element 46 are of essentially the same design. In particular, each contact element has an essentially identical first contact surface 106, which faces the other contact element is arranged, and a second contact surface 108, which is arranged facing away from the other contact element (FIG. 2). The tensioning device according to the invention can thus advantageously be used for tensioning (clamping) and for spreading. Furthermore, it is provided that the two contact elements 48 and 46 have an aligned, flat lower surface 110 on which the contact elements 48 and 46 can be placed. It is also provided in a variant of an embodiment that at least a portion of the surface 112 of a contact element, which faces the other contact element, is flat and in particular perpendicular to the tensioning rail 14, so that here too a contact surface is formed with which the Have contact elements 48 and 46 put on a workpiece.

The tensioning device according to the invention works as follows:

A user sets the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail 14 via the sliding element 90 of the switching device. In its lower position (shown in solid lines in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4), the tensioning rail 14 can be displaced in the direction B, i. H. the two contact elements 48 and 46 can be moved away from each other. If, starting from this position, the sliding element 90 is shifted upwards, the direction of displacement can be switched to the opposite direction A, in which the two contact elements 48 and 46 can be moved towards one another.

In the lower position of the sliding element 90 for displacement in the direction B, the pivoting of the first handle 78 is blocked. The first bearing element 18 is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tensioning rail 14. In In this position of the sliding element 90, the first holding element 54 is not in the position 66, so that the first locking element 52 is tilted against the direction of displacement and thus jammed with the tensioning rail 14. As a result, the displacement of the tensioning rail 14 in the direction A is blocked.

By actuating the second handle lever 80, a force is exerted on the second bearing element 34 via the eccentric element 86, this tilts in the direction of the force and is jammed with the tensioning rail 14. As a result, upon further application of force, the second bearing element 34, which is known as Feed element acts, moves further and due to the jamming with the tensioning rail 14, the latter is displaced. The bearing element 34 is thereby a feed bearing.

The second handle lever 80 can only be pivoted up to a certain pivot angle. When the user releases this second handle lever 80, the second compression spring 73 pushes the second bearing element 34 back into its starting position. Since it is no longer subjected to force via the second handle lever 80, the tilting is also released, which enables the bearing element 34 to be pushed back. Because of the locked position of the first locking element 52, it is ensured that when the second bearing element 34 is pushed back, the tensioning rail 14 is not moved back in the direction A. Since this first locking element 52 is tilted in the direction A, a displacement in the direction B, as is brought about by the second bearing element 34, counteracts this tilting and thus does not hinder the displacement in the direction B. By displacing the sliding element 90, the holding lug 96b is pushed along the guide part 62 of the first holding element 54 such that it is moved into the vertical position 66 and thus also the first locking element 52. Furthermore, the holding lug 96a, which was previously the second holding element 76 held in a vertical position, pushed out, so that due to the action of the spring force of the second compression spring 73, the second locking element 70 and the second holding element 76 tilt. At the same time, the retaining lug 98a is shifted towards the second bearing element 34, so that it can no longer be tilted and the pivotability of the second handle 80 is blocked. By shifting the retaining lug 98a, the retaining lug 98b is pivoted away from its locked position on the first bearing element 18 and this is released thereby.

The first handle lever 78 can then be pivoted against the second handle lever 80, thereby tilting the first bearing element 18 and, due to its design as a feed element, displacing the tensioning rail 14 in the direction A in order to move the two contact elements 46 and 48 towards one another.

The shift in the direction B is blocked due to the tilting of the second locking element 70 in the direction B.

Due to its rotatable mounting, the tensioning rail 14 is unlimited, ie rotatable by any angle, regardless of the position of the sliding element 90 with respect to the housing 16 of the actuating device 12. This maintains an adjusted alignment of the two contact elements 46 and 48 relative to one another even when the tensioning rail 14 rotates. In a second embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention, which is designated as a whole in FIG. 5 with 120, the feed / push-back mechanism for displacing the tensioning rail is basically constructed in the same way as already described in connection with the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4. Components of the same design therefore have the same reference symbols in FIG. 5 as in FIGS. 1 to 4.

In the tensioning device 120, a grip element 122 is provided with a first grip lever 124 which is arranged pivotably about a first pivot axis 126 and a second grip lever 128 which is pivotably articulated about a second pivot axis 130, which is spaced parallel to the first pivot axis 126 , A pivot bearing 123 for the first handle lever 124 is formed by a pin 125, about which the first handle lever 124 is rotatable. The same pivot bearing

127 with a pin 129 is formed for the second handle lever 128 in the same way. A web element 132 is pushed over the pins 125 and 129 in order to couple the two handle levers 124 and 128 to one another.

The housing 16 has a recess 133 in which at least one of the web elements 132 is displaceably guided parallel to the tensioning rail 14; As a result, when a handle lift 124 or 128 is acted upon, not only is pivoting achieved, but rather the two coupled handle levers 124 and 128 are connected via the web element (s) 132

128 moved together. It can then be achieved by pivoting the handle 124 or 128, a displacement of the web member 132 in the direction of the displacement of the clamping rail 14, whereby a with the same pivot angle A longer displacement path of the tensioning rail 14 is reached, since the handle lever 124 or 128 is to a certain extent tracked the feed element 18 or 34. A sliding track for the handle levers 124 and 128 is thus formed. Due to the linear guidance of the handle levers 124 and 128, when the handle lever 124 or 128 is pivoted to move the tensioning rail 14 in the direction A or B, the other handle lever 128 or 124 is also pivoted somewhat, in the opposite direction to the actuating handle lever 124 or . 128.

Furthermore, recesses 138 and 140 and recesses 142 and 144 which are associated with one another are provided in the housing 16. A pin can be inserted into the recess 138 and blocks the tilting of the second bearing element 34. Similarly, a pin can be inserted into the recess 142, which blocks the tilting of the first bearing element 18. A pin can be inserted into the recess 140, which brings the first holding element 54 into a vertical position, in which the first locking element 52 is in a non-locking position for the displacement of the tensioning rail 14. A pin can be inserted into the recess 144, which fixes the second holding element 72 in a vertical position in which the locking element 70 is not jammed with respect to the tensioning rail 14.

A coupling element is advantageously provided as a switching element, for example in the form of a bridge element, which has a web on which pins are arranged at a certain distance (not shown in the figures). This coupling element can then be on the Arrange housing 16 so that in a first position the tensioning rail can be shifted in one direction and the shifting in the other direction is blocked and vice versa in a second position.

For example, if the coupling element is arranged so that it is inserted into the recesses 138 and 140, then a displacement of the tensioning rail in the direction A is released.

If corresponding pins of the coupling element are inserted into the recesses 142 and 144, a displacement of the tensioning rail in the direction B is possible, while the displacement in the direction A is blocked.

The coupling element thus forms, together with the recesses 138, 140, 142 and 144, a switching device for switching the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail 14.

Otherwise, the clamping device 120 functions essentially the same as described above for the clamping device 10.

The housing 16 is advantageously designed such that it comprises a first housing part 146 (see, for example, FIG. 5), which is provided, for example, with recesses 38, 42, 50 into which the movable parts can be inserted. By fixing a second housing part (not shown in the figure) to the first housing part, these parts can then be fixed in their recesses without having to be screwed. It is then enough, just the two Connect housing parts together, for example using screws. This allows the manufacturing costs to be kept low.

In a third embodiment of a tensioning device according to the invention, which is designated as a whole in FIG. 6 by 150, a rotary-slide bearing 154 and 156 are arranged opposite each other in a housing 152, in which a tensioning rail 158 is both rotatable about a longitudinal axis 160 and is also slidably supported in the direction of the longitudinal axis 160.

Such a rotary-slide bearing 154 or 156 is formed by a circular recess 162, a cylindrical flange 164 being seated around the circumference of the recess 162 in order to ensure that the tensioning rail 158 can slide. The tensioning rail 158 has a circular profile with opposite lateral recesses 165.

A first contact element 166, which is designed in particular as a contact bracket, is held on the housing 152 in such a way that it is immovable against the latter and thus the actuating device 12. The clamping rail 158 is displaceable relative to this first contact element 166 by means of, for example, a cylindrical recess 167 in the first contact element 166. For example, an annular recess 170 is provided in the first contact element 166, into which a corresponding flange of the rotary / sliding bearing 156 is immersed, on the one hand to ensure that the first contact element 166 can be rotated relative to the housing 152 and on the other hand that it cannot be displaced with respect to the housing 152 hold. In a variant of an embodiment, the first contact element 166 itself is held in a rotationally fixed manner on the tensioning rail 158, so that when the tensioning rail 158 rotates, the first contact element 166 is also rotated relative to the actuating device 12. For this purpose, in the recess 167 in the first contact element 166, through which the tensioning rail 158 is guided, diametrically opposite strips 169 which engage in the groove-shaped recesses 165 (FIG. 7).

On the tensioning rail 158, a second contact element 172 is also held immovably and in particular in a rotationally fixed manner. This second contact element 172 can be designed as a contact bracket.

In a variant of an embodiment, the first contact element 166 is rotatably arranged with respect to the tensioning rail 158, for example in that there are no strips for engaging in the recesses 165 in the recess 167, or the tensioning rail 158 has no such recesses at all. An additional pivot bearing, as described in connection with the first embodiment (FIG. 1, pivot bearing 47) can also be provided.

Between the second contact element 172 and the first contact element 166 there is a coupling rod 174, which is aligned in particular parallel to the tensioning rail 158 and which couples the first contact element 166 to the second contact element 172 such that when the tensioning rail 158 rotates, in which the second contact element 172 is rotated, via the coupling with the coupling rod 174, the first contact element 166 is rotated and thus rotated relative to the actuating device 12; thereby remains the rotation of the tensioning rail 158 maintains the relative orientation between the two contact elements 166 and 172 without the first contact element 166 being non-rotatably seated on the tensioning rail 158. The coupling of the first contact element 166 via the coupling rod 174 to the second contact element 172 thus blocks the free rotation of the first contact element 166 about the tensioning rail 158.

In order to be able to change the relative distance between the first contact element 166 and the second contact element 172 when the tensioning rail 158 is displaced, the coupling rod 174 is via a guide recess 176 with respect to the second contact element 172 or with respect to the first contact element 166 or with respect to both contact elements 166 and 172 slidably guided.

The mechanism for advancing the tensioning rail 158 functions essentially the same regardless of the type of fixing of the first contact element 166 to the tensioning rail 158, as has already been described in connection with FIG. 1. Feed elements 178 and 180 are also provided, between which a block element 182 is arranged. The feed elements 178 and 180 can each be tilted against the clamping rail 158 in order to be clamped to the latter and in order then to be able to move them in the direction A or B. The feed elements 178 and 180 have central recesses through which the tensioning rail 158 is guided and in which it can be rotated relative to the feed elements. (In an alternative embodiment it can also be provided that the tensioning rail 158 is guided in a rotationally fixed manner in the feed elements 178, 180, for example by holding elements of the feed elements 178, 180 in the recesses 165 of the tensioning rail 158 engage. The feed elements 178, 180 must then be rotatably mounted as a whole in the housing. )

Furthermore, holding elements 184 and 186 are provided, which function in the same way as the holding elements 64 and 74 and the locking elements according to FIG. 1. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, no separate locking elements and holding elements are provided as in FIG. 1, but the holding elements 184 and 186 take on both the locking and the holding function.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a handle lever 188 is provided which is pivotably arranged on the housing 152 with a pivot axis 190 transversely to the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail 158. This handle lever 188 is pivotable in both pivot directions. In a rest position, it is aligned with a longitudinal axis 192 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 160 of the tensioning rail 158, the longitudinal axis 192 lying in this orientation in particular in a central plane of the housing 152.

On the housing 152 there are fixed counter elements 194 and 196, against which the handle lever 188 can be pivoted, and which each serve as fixed handles.

The switching device for locking the displaceability of the tensioning rail 158 in one direction and for switching the locking direction is basically of the same design as already described in connection with FIG. 1. If the coupling device 88 is then set so that the tilting of the feed element 178 and its transport in direction A is blocked, then the feed element 180 can be tilted and shifted in direction B by pivoting the handle lever 188 towards the counter element 196, whereby the Clamping rail 158 is moved in the direction B. Conversely, when the tilting of the feed element 180 is blocked, the handle lever 188 can be pivoted toward the counter element 194, so that the tensioning rail 158 can be displaced in the direction A.

In a fourth embodiment, which is shown schematically in FIG. 10, a tensioning rail 200 is slidably but not rotatably guided to a housing 202 of the actuating device 12. A first contact element 204 is immovable to the actuating device 12 on the tensioning rail 200 and can be rotated relative to the latter, for example via a pivot bearing 206. The first contact element 204 is thus rotatable relative to the actuating device.

A second contact element 208 is seated on the tensioning rail 200 in a manner fixed against relative rotation, which is in particular designed to be rotationally symmetrical about a longitudinal axis of the tensioning rail 200 (FIGS. 8, 9). The contact element has, for example, a shape already described above in connection with the contact element 49. By rotating the first contact element 204 relative to the second contact element 208, their relative orientation is nevertheless retained due to the symmetrical design of the second contact element 208.

The feed mechanism for the tensioning rail 200 is basically of the same design as described in connection with the other exemplary embodiments.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. tensioning device with a displaceably guided tensioning rail (14; 158) and an actuating device (12) which comprises a handle element (77; 188) through which the tensioning rail (14; 158) is displaceable, characterized in that about the handle element (77 ) the tensioning rail (14) is displaceable in one direction (A) or an opposite direction (B) and that a switching device for releasing the displacement in one direction (A; B) and blocking the displacement in the opposite direction (B; A) is provided ,

2. Clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle element (77) comprises a first handle lever (78) by means of which the clamping rail (14) is displaceable in one direction (A) and comprises a second handle lever (80) by means of which the tensioning rail (14) can be moved in the opposite direction (B).

3. Clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that only one handle lever (78; 80) can be actuated at the same time.

4. Clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that a handle lever (188) is provided, through which, depending on the pivoting direction, the clamping rail (158) in one direction (A; B) or opposite direction (B; A) is displaceable.

5. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more handle levers (78, 80) are provided, which are designed as a backdrop.

6. Clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that a handle lever (78, 80) on a slide track (133) parallel to the clamping rail (14) is displaceable.

7. Clamping device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a first handle lever (78) and a second handle lever (80) are coupled to one another in such a way that they can be moved together on a slide track (133).

8. Clamping device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that a handle lever (78; 80), through which the displacement of the tensioning rail (14) is actuated, is arranged and designed as a backdrop that it in the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail (14) is movable.

9. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device comprises blocking means (52, 54, 98a, 98b), by means of which a displacement of the clamping rail (14) in one direction (A; B) can be blocked, the displacement in the opposite direction (B; A) is not disabled.

10. Clamping device according to claim 9, characterized in that via the locking means (52, 54, 70, 72, 98a, 98b) the direction of displacement (A, B) of the clamping rail (14) is switchable.

11. Clamping device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the locking means (52, 54, 70, 72, 98a, 98b) of the first and second handle levers (78, 80) are separate components.

12. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second handle levers (78, 80) are arranged and designed such that they can be grasped together by one hand.

13. Clamping device according to claim 12, characterized in that the first handle lever (78) is not pivotable when the second handle lever (80) can be actuated and the second handle lever (80) is not pivotable when the first handle lever (78) can be actuated ,

14. Clamping device according to claim 13, characterized in that the first handle lever (78) is pivotable in the direction of the second handle lever (80) for displacing the tensioning rail (14).

15. Clamping device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the second handle lever (80) in the direction of the first handle lever (78) for displacing the clamping rail (14) is pivotable.

16. Clamping device according to one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that one or more counter-elements (194, 196) are provided for the handle lever (188), which can be gripped with the handle lever (188) in one hand.

17. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating device (12) to a central plane (30) transverse to the direction of displacement (A, B) is substantially mirror-symmetrical.

18. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a displacement element (18; 34) is provided for displacing the clamping rail (14), which can be tilted against the clamping rail (14) in order to adjust the displaceability of the clamping rail against the feed element (18 ; 34), and which is movable in the direction of displacement (A; B) of the tensioning rail (14) by the action of a handle (78; 80).

19. Clamping device according to claim 18, characterized in that between a feed element (18; 34) and a locking element (52; 70) a compression spring (68; 73) is arranged, through which a restoring force on the feed element (18; 34) opposes the direction of displacement can be exercised.

20. Clamping device according to claim 19, characterized in that the locking element (52; 70) can be brought into a locking position in which a displaceability of the tensioning rail (14) is blocked in one direction (A; B).

21. Clamping device according to claim 20, characterized in that the locking element (52; 70) is assigned a holding element (54; 72), by means of which the locking element (52; 70) can be held in a non-locking position or the locking element is designed as a holding element, which is stable in a non-locked position.

22. Clamping device according to claim 21, characterized in that the holding element (54; 72) is independent of the handle element (77).

23. Clamping device according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the holding element (54; 72) can be fixed in a holding position (66) in which the locking element (52; 70) is in a non-locking position.

24. Clamping device according to claim 23, characterized in that the holding position (66) of the holding element (54; 72) can be fixed by locking means (96a, 96b) which hold the holding element substantially perpendicular to the clamping rail (14).

25. Clamping device according to one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that a first feed element (18) for displacement of the tensioning rail (14) in a first displacement direction (A) and a second feed element (34) for displacement in an opposite direction (B) are provided.

26. Clamping device according to claim 25, characterized in that a first and second feed element (18, 34) can be tilted in opposite directions (A, B).

27. Clamping device according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the first feed element (18) is assigned a first locking element (52), a first compression spring (68) and optionally a first holding element (54) and the second feed element (34) second locking element (70), a second compression spring (73) and optionally a second holding element (72) are assigned.

28. Clamping device according to claim 27, characterized in that the first and second locking elements (52, 70) can be coupled to one another such that when the first locking element (52) is in a locking position, the second locking element (70) is in a non-locking position and vice versa.

29. Clamping device according to claim 28, characterized in that the first locking element (52) is tilted in the opposite direction to the second feed element (34) when it is displaced and the second locking element (70) is tilted in the opposite direction to the first feed element (18) when it is displaced ,

30. Clamping device according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the switching device comprises a coupling device (88) which can be fixed in a position on the housing (16) in which the first Locking element (52) is fixed in a non-locking position and the second locking element (70) is in a locking position, and can be fixed in a second position, in which the first locking element (52) is in a locking position and the second locking element (70) in one Non-locked position is fixed.

31. Clamping device according to claim 30, characterized in that in the first position of the coupling device (88) the second feed element (34) is secured against tilting and in the second position the first feed element (18) is secured against tilting.

32. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (16) of the actuating device (12) is formed and provided with recesses (38, 50) that the movable parts (18, 34, 36, 40) alone are fixed with respect to the housing (16) via the recesses which act as contact surfaces.

33. Clamping device according to claim 32, characterized in that the housing (16) of the actuating device (12) comprises a first housing part (146) and a second housing part, which can be fixed together.

34. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a contact element (46; 48), which is held on the clamping rail (14), has substantially identical contact surfaces (106, 108) transversely to the longitudinal direction of the clamping rail (14) ,

35. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first contact element (46) is provided, which is held immovably on the clamping rail (14), and a second contact element (48) is provided, whose distance from the first contact element (46 ) can be changed by moving the tensioning rail (14).

36. Clamping device according to claim 35, characterized in that the second contact element (48) is arranged immovably with respect to the actuating device (12).

37. Clamping device according to claim 35 or 36, characterized in that the first contact element (46) and the second contact element (48) have substantially identical contact surfaces (106, 108).

38. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping rail (14) is rotatably mounted on the actuating device (12).

39. Clamping device according to claim 38, characterized in that the clamping rail (14) can be rotated indefinitely.

40. Clamping device according to claim 38 or 39, characterized in that contact elements (46, 48) are held on the clamping rail (14) in such a way that they are rotated when the clamping rail (14) rotates.

41. Clamping device according to claim 40, characterized in that on the clamping rail (14) sits a contact element (46) which is fixed immovably and rotatably with respect to the actuating device (12).

42. Clamping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping rail (14) is displaceably mounted by at least one bearing element (36, 40), the bearing element being rotatably mounted on the actuating device (12).

43. Clamping device according to one of claims 1 to 41, characterized in that the clamping rail (158) is rotatably and displaceably mounted on the actuating device (12) by at least one rotary-sliding bearing (154).

44. Clamping device according to claim 42, characterized in that the clamping rail (14) in the bearing element (36, 40) is rotatably guided.

45. Clamping device according to claim 44, characterized in that the clamping rail (14) has a profile which is designed such that the rotatability of the clamping rail (14) relative to a bearing element (36, 40) through which the clamping rail (14) is displaceable is guided, is lockable.

46. Clamping device according to one of claims 42 to 45, characterized in that at least one bearing element (36, 40) is designed as a groove bearing, which is arranged by a groove (44) immovable and rotatable in the housing (16) of the actuating device (12) ,

47. Clamping device according to claim 46, characterized in that a contact element (46) via a groove bearing (40) is immovable and rotatably held on the housing (16) of the actuating device (12) with the clamping rail (14).

48. Clamping device according to one of claims 38 to 47, characterized in that a feed element (18; 34) which can be tilted against the clamping rail (14) in order to block the displacement of the clamping rail against the feed element (18; 34), and which is movable in the direction of displacement of the tensioning rail (14) by the action of a handle (78; 80; 188), is rotatably arranged on the actuating device (12).

49. Clamping device according to one of claims 39 to 48, characterized in that a blocking element (52, 70) for blocking the displaceability of the clamping rail (14) is arranged rotatably in one direction on the actuating device (12).