EP1163872B1 - Charging device for wiping material dispenser - Google Patents
Charging device for wiping material dispenser Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1163872B1 EP1163872B1 EP01420118A EP01420118A EP1163872B1 EP 1163872 B1 EP1163872 B1 EP 1163872B1 EP 01420118 A EP01420118 A EP 01420118A EP 01420118 A EP01420118 A EP 01420118A EP 1163872 B1 EP1163872 B1 EP 1163872B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- flap
- pressure roller
- side walls
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
- A47K10/24—Towel dispensers, e.g. for piled-up or folded textile towels; Toilet-paper dispensers; Dispensers for piled-up or folded textile towels provided or not with devices for taking-up soiled towels as far as not mechanically driven
- A47K10/32—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper
- A47K10/34—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means
- A47K10/36—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices
- A47K10/3631—The cutting devices being driven manually
- A47K10/3643—The cutting devices being driven manually by pulling the paper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
- A47K10/24—Towel dispensers, e.g. for piled-up or folded textile towels; Toilet-paper dispensers; Dispensers for piled-up or folded textile towels provided or not with devices for taking-up soiled towels as far as not mechanically driven
- A47K10/32—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper
- A47K10/34—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means
- A47K10/36—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices
- A47K10/3631—The cutting devices being driven manually
- A47K10/3637—The cutting devices being driven manually using a crank or handle
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
- A47K10/24—Towel dispensers, e.g. for piled-up or folded textile towels; Toilet-paper dispensers; Dispensers for piled-up or folded textile towels provided or not with devices for taking-up soiled towels as far as not mechanically driven
- A47K10/32—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper
- A47K10/34—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means
- A47K10/36—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices
- A47K2010/3681—Dispensers for paper towels or toilet-paper dispensing from a web, e.g. with mechanical dispensing means with mechanical dispensing, roll switching or cutting devices characterised by the way a new paper roll is loaded in the dispenser
Definitions
- the object of the invention is related to the technical sector of the apparatus sanitary facilities, especially for wiping hands.
- the applicant has developed materials distribution equipment wipers such as papers, wadding, etc. as for example that described in FR-A-2771620 in which the unwinding of the material presented in a reel and the section of a determined length occur simultaneously when manually on a band of material overflowing under the device at rest.
- the apparatus comprises a drum rotatably mounted between flanges secured to a wall casing and incorporating an arranged cutting member to get out of the drum and penetrate the rotating material on a spool holder and wound on the drum in tension between the point of traction and a pressure roller mounted also rotatable on the flanges, this as and when measuring the rotation of the drum driven without sliding relative to the material.
- the cutting element separates the material automatically, while by the action of the means storing of energy, the drum returns to the rest position after being stopped by a non-return stop means, a new band of overflowing material under the device, which is ready for a new distribution.
- the person loader places a new spool on the spool pin, unrolls the end strip in front of the pressure roller and must engage manually the end between said pressure roller and the drum, then rotating said drum with a connected lateral operating knob directly to the drum, or a notched wheel overflowing under the apparatus and connected by a transmission to the drum.
- a simple loading device effective, and rational in the form of a protective front flap of the drum which is apt to be pivotally mounted on the flanges of the housing, so as to be away from the drum when opening the hood of the device to facilitate the introduction of the material in front of the pressure roller and the drum and so as to be automatically close to the drum when closing the hood, said shutter being shaped internally with a protuberance adapted to engage and holding the material between the pressure roller and the drum; setting service of the device, ie with the band of material overflowing under the apparatus being obtained by rotating the drum with the aid of the maneuver or notched wheel.
- a pressure roller (4) resting on the drum and intended for the winding of the strip of material which must engage between said pressure roller and the drum before emerging under the apparatus after to be passed behind the drum.
- a device ensuring the engagement of the web of material between the pressure roller (4) and the drum (2).
- a protective flap (5) is placed in front of the drum.
- This flap is articulated in (6) to its widened lower part (5a) on the flanges (1c) of the housing.
- the pivoting of the shutter is limited angularly by light cooperation (5b) with pins (7) fixed on the flanges (1c)
- the upper end of the flap (5) internally has a protuberance (5c) at its upper part situated between the pressure roller (4) and the drum (2).
- the flap (5) is positioned such that the opening of the hood (8) of the apparatus for the purpose of of the coil (B), said flap tilts by gravity away from the drum (arrow F1) thus clearing the space in front of the pressure roller and the drum. In this position, it suffices to engage the band (B1) in this space ( Figure 2) and close the hood ( Figure 1) so that the protuberance (5c) of the flap pushed back by the cover engages the material between the pressure roller and the drum.
- drum drive means such as those developed by the applicant, namely: either a lateral operating button (9) directly associated with the drum ( Figure 1) is a notched wheel (10) overflowing under the device and connected by a transmission (11) to the drum ( Figure 2).
- the pivoting flap is removed manually drum for loading by pressing a protrusion (5d) at the base of the flap, against a return spring (12) connecting the upper end of the flap flap (1c).
Abstract
Description
L'objet de l'invention se rattache au secteur technique des appareils sanitaires, en particulier pour l'essuyage des mains.The object of the invention is related to the technical sector of the apparatus sanitary facilities, especially for wiping hands.
Le demandeur a développé des appareils de distribution de matériaux d'essuyage tels que papiers, ouates.... et notamment des appareils comme par exemple celui décrit dans FR-A-2771620 dans lesquels le déroulement du matériau présenté en bobine et la coupe d'une longueur déterminée s'opèrent simultanément lorsqu'on tire manuellement sur une bande de matériau débordant sous l'appareil au repos.The applicant has developed materials distribution equipment wipers such as papers, wadding, etc. as for example that described in FR-A-2771620 in which the unwinding of the material presented in a reel and the section of a determined length occur simultaneously when manually on a band of material overflowing under the device at rest.
Pour cela, l'appareil comprend un tambour monté rotatif entre des flasques solidaires d'un carter mural et intégrant un organe de coupe agencé pour sortir du tambour et pénétrer dans le matériau tournant sur un porte-bobine et enroulé sur le tambour en tension entre le point de traction et un rouleau presseur monté également rotatif sur les flasques, cela au fur et à mesure de la rotation du tambour entraíné sans glissement par rapport au matériau. En fin de traction, l'organe de coupe sépare le matériau automatiquement, tandis que par l'action des moyens emmagasineurs d'énergie, le tambour revient en position de repos après avoir été arrêté par un moyen de butée anti-retour, une nouvelle bande de matériau débordant sous l'appareil, qui est prêt pour une nouvelle distribution.For this, the apparatus comprises a drum rotatably mounted between flanges secured to a wall casing and incorporating an arranged cutting member to get out of the drum and penetrate the rotating material on a spool holder and wound on the drum in tension between the point of traction and a pressure roller mounted also rotatable on the flanges, this as and when measuring the rotation of the drum driven without sliding relative to the material. At the end of traction, the cutting element separates the material automatically, while by the action of the means storing of energy, the drum returns to the rest position after being stopped by a non-return stop means, a new band of overflowing material under the device, which is ready for a new distribution.
Lorsque la bobine de matériau doit être remplacée, la personne préposée au chargement place une bobine neuve sur le porte-bobine, déroule la bande terminale devant le rouleau presseur et doit engager manuellement l'extrémité entre ledit rouleau presseur et le tambour, puis faire tourner ledit tambour à l'aide d'un bouton de manoeuvre latéral relié directement au tambour, ou d'une roue crantée débordant sous l'appareil et reliée par une transmission au tambour. When the reel of material needs to be replaced, the person loader places a new spool on the spool pin, unrolls the end strip in front of the pressure roller and must engage manually the end between said pressure roller and the drum, then rotating said drum with a connected lateral operating knob directly to the drum, or a notched wheel overflowing under the apparatus and connected by a transmission to the drum.
Pour éviter au préposé au chargement de l'appareil, l'engagement manuel de la bande de matériau entre le rouleau presseur et le tambour, on a prévu selon l'invention un dispositif de chargement simple, efficace, et rationnel sous la forme d'un volet avant de protection du tambour qui est apte à être monté à pivotement limité sur les flasques du carter, de manière à être écarté du tambour lors de l'ouverture du capot de l'appareil pour faciliter l'introduction du matériau devant le rouleau presseur et le tambour et de manière à être automatiquement rapproché du tambour lors de la fermeture du capot, ledit volet étant conformé intérieurement avec une protubérance apte à engager et à tenir le matériau entre le rouleau presseur et le tambour ; la mise en service de l'appareil, c'est à dire avec la bande de matériau débordant sous l'appareil étant obtenue par rotation du tambour à l'aide du bouton de manoeuvre ou de la roue crantée.To prevent the person loading the device from Manual of the web of material between the pressure roller and the drum, we have provided according to the invention a simple loading device, effective, and rational in the form of a protective front flap of the drum which is apt to be pivotally mounted on the flanges of the housing, so as to be away from the drum when opening the hood of the device to facilitate the introduction of the material in front of the pressure roller and the drum and so as to be automatically close to the drum when closing the hood, said shutter being shaped internally with a protuberance adapted to engage and holding the material between the pressure roller and the drum; setting service of the device, ie with the band of material overflowing under the apparatus being obtained by rotating the drum with the aid of the maneuver or notched wheel.
Ces caractéristiques et d'autres encore ressortiront de la description qui suit.These and other features will emerge from the description following.
Pour fixer l'objet de l'invention sans toutefois le limiter dans les dessins annexés :
- la figure 1 est une vue de profil à caractère schématique d'un appareil équipé du dispositif selon l'invention représenté en position chargée, capot fermé.
- la figure 2 est une vue semblable à la figure 1, le dispositif étant représenté en position avant chargement, capot ouvert.
- La figure 3 est une vue en perspective illustrant le dispositif de chargement.
- Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a device equipped with the device according to the invention shown in the loaded position, hood closed.
- Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, the device being shown in position before loading, hood open.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view illustrating the loading device.
Afin de rendre plus concret l'objet de l'invention, on le décrit maintenant sous des formes non limitatives de réalisation illustrées aux figures des dessins. In order to make the object of the invention more concrete, it is described now in non-limiting forms of embodiment illustrated in figures of the drawings.
On rappelle succinctement les principaux composants de l'appareil distributeur. Un carter mural (1) avec paroi arrière -(1a) et paroi de fond (1b) reçoit latéralement des flasques (1c) sur lesquels s'articule un tambour (2) intégrant un organe de coupe (3) à lame dentelée (3a) qui est associé à des moyens (non représentés) assurant la sortie de la lame hors du tambour au fur et à mesure de la rotation du tambour provoquée par traction manuelle sur une bande (B1) de matériau d'essuyage débordant sous l'appareil au repos, après chargement de la bobine (B) qui est montée à rotation libre sur des bras (1d) solidaires de la paroi arrière (la).It briefly recalls the main components of the device distributor. Wall housing (1) with back wall - (1a) and bottom wall (1b) laterally receives flanges (1c) on which a drum is articulated (2) incorporating a cutter (3) with a serrated blade (3a) which is associated with means (not shown) ensuring the exit of the blade from the drum as the rotation of the drum caused by traction manually on a strip (B1) of wiping material overflowing under the device at rest, after loading the coil (B) which is mounted at free rotation on arms (1d) integral with the rear wall (1a).
Entre la bobine (B) et le tambour (2) est monté également à rotation libre sur les flasques (1c) un rouleau presseur (4) en appui sur le tambour et destiné à l'enroulement de la bande de matériau qui doit s'engager entre ledit rouleau presseur et le tambour avant de ressortir sous l'appareil après être passée derrière le tambour.Between the coil (B) and the drum (2) is also rotatably mounted free on the flanges (1c) a pressure roller (4) resting on the drum and intended for the winding of the strip of material which must engage between said pressure roller and the drum before emerging under the apparatus after to be passed behind the drum.
Pour s'opérer aisément le chargement de l'appareil avec une bobine neuve, on a prévu, selon l'invention, un dispositif assurant l'engagement automatique de la bande de matériau entre le rouleau presseur (4) et le tambour (2).To easily load the device with a coil according to the invention, a device ensuring the engagement of the web of material between the pressure roller (4) and the drum (2).
A cet effet, un volet de protection (5) est placé devant le tambour. Ce volet est articulé en (6) à sa partie inférieure élargie (5a) sur les flasques (1c) du carter. Le pivotement du volet est limité angulairement par coopération de lumières (5b) avec des pions (7) fixés sur les flasques (1c) L'extrémité supérieure du volet (5) présente intérieurement une protubérance (5c) à sa partie supérieure située entre le rouleau presseur (4) et le tambour (2).For this purpose, a protective flap (5) is placed in front of the drum. This flap is articulated in (6) to its widened lower part (5a) on the flanges (1c) of the housing. The pivoting of the shutter is limited angularly by light cooperation (5b) with pins (7) fixed on the flanges (1c) The upper end of the flap (5) internally has a protuberance (5c) at its upper part situated between the pressure roller (4) and the drum (2).
Dans une première forme de réalisation, le volet (5) est positionné de telle sorte qu'à l'ouverture du capot (8) de l'appareil en vue de la mise en place de la bobine (B), ledit volet bascule par gravité en s'écartant du tambour (flèche F1) dégageant ainsi l'espace devant le rouleau presseur et le tambour. Dans cette position, il suffit alors d'engager la bande (B1) dans cet espace (figure 2) et de refermer le capot (figure 1) pour que la protubérance (5c) du volet repoussé par le capot, engage le matériau entre le rouleau presseur et le tambour.In a first embodiment, the flap (5) is positioned such that the opening of the hood (8) of the apparatus for the purpose of of the coil (B), said flap tilts by gravity away from the drum (arrow F1) thus clearing the space in front of the pressure roller and the drum. In this position, it suffices to engage the band (B1) in this space (Figure 2) and close the hood (Figure 1) so that the protuberance (5c) of the flap pushed back by the cover engages the material between the pressure roller and the drum.
A ce stade, le chargement automatique est réalisé et il ne reste plus qu'à faire déborder, ladite bande (B1) engagée sous l'appareil. Pour cela, on dispose de moyens d'entraínement du tambour tels que ceux développés par le demandeur, à savoir : soit un bouton de manoeuvre latéral (9) directement associé au tambour (figure 1) soit une roue crantée (10) débordant sous l'appareil et reliée par une transmission (11) au tambour (figure 2).At this point, the automatic loading is done and there is no more to overflow, said strip (B1) engaged under the device. For that, we has drum drive means such as those developed by the applicant, namely: either a lateral operating button (9) directly associated with the drum (Figure 1) is a notched wheel (10) overflowing under the device and connected by a transmission (11) to the drum (Figure 2).
Selon une autre forme de réalisation, le volet pivotant est écarté manuellement du tambour en vue du chargement par appui sur une saillie (5d) à la base du volet, à l'encontre d'un ressort de rappel (12) reliant l'extrémité supérieure du volet aux flasques (1c).According to another embodiment, the pivoting flap is removed manually drum for loading by pressing a protrusion (5d) at the base of the flap, against a return spring (12) connecting the upper end of the flap flap (1c).
Les avantages ressortent de la description, on souligne encore la simplicité du dispositif évitant des manipulations au préposé au chargement qui n'a plus qu'à placer la bande de matériau devant le rouleau presseur et le tambour sans être obligé de l'engager manuellement entre ces organes.The advantages are apparent from the description, it is further emphasized simplicity of the device avoiding manipulation to the loader which only has to put the strip of material in front of the pressure roller and the drum without having to manually engage it between these organs.
Claims (4)
- Loading system for dispensers of wiping materials, the said dispensers being of the type comprising from a wall housing (1), a drum (2) with built-in cutting member (3), the said drum being mounted rotatably on side walls (1c) of the housing, the wiping material being presented in reel form (B) mounted so as to rotate freely on arms (1d) connected to the housing, a pressure roller (4) in contact with the drum (2); the loading system comprising a flap (5) to protect the drum (2) which is able to be mounted in such a way as to pivot to a limited extent on the side walls (1c) of the housing, in such a way as to be moved away from the drum when the cover (8) of the dispenser is opened to facilitate the introduction of the material in front of the pressure roller (4) and the drum (2) and in such a way as to be moved automatically towards the drum (2) when the cover (8) is closed, the dispenser being made operational, i.e. with the strip of material projecting below the appliance, by turning the drum (2) with the aid of an actuating button (9) connected to the drum (2) or with the aid of a notched wheel (10) connected by a drive (11) to the drum (2), the loading system being characterized in that the said flap (5) is shaped internally with a protuberance (5c) able to engage and hold the material between the pressure roller (4), which is mounted so as to rotate freely on the side walls (1c), and the drum (2).
- Loading system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the flap (5) is able to be pivoted on the side walls (1c) of the wall housing (1) in such a way as to move automatically away from the drum (2) under gravity when the cover (8) is opened to allow the projecting strip (B1) to be positioned in front of the pressure roller (4) and the drum (2), whereas for the reverse action the flap (5) is able to be pushed back by the closing of the cover (8) to allow engagement of the material between the pressure roller (4) and the drum (2).
- Loading system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the flap (5) is able to be pivoted on the side walls (1c) of the wall housing (1) and able to be moved by hand away from the drum (2) when the cover (8) is opened by acting on a projection (5d) on the enlarged lower part (5a) of the flap, in opposition to a return spring (12) connecting the upper end of the flap to the side walls (1c).
- Loading system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the limited pivoting of the flap (5) is obtained by means of holes (5b) formed in the enlarged lower part (5a) of the said flap (5) and engaging with pins (7) able to be fixed to the side walls (1c).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0007554 | 2000-06-14 | ||
FR0007554A FR2810223B1 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2000-06-14 | LOADING DEVICE FOR APPARATUS FOR DISPENSING WIPING MATERIALS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1163872A1 EP1163872A1 (en) | 2001-12-19 |
EP1163872B1 true EP1163872B1 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
Family
ID=8851234
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01420118A Expired - Lifetime EP1163872B1 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2001-05-21 | Charging device for wiping material dispenser |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6561598B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1163872B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE289772T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2349047A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60109091T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2810223B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2907654B1 (en) | 2006-10-31 | 2010-01-29 | Georgia Pacific France | PROCESS, MANUFACTURING DEVICE AND ASSOCIATED ROLLS FORMED OF CUTTING SHEETS AND ALTERNATE PREDECOUPLES |
US11297984B2 (en) | 2006-10-31 | 2022-04-12 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Automatic napkin dispenser |
DK2367468T3 (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2019-04-15 | Essity Hygiene & Health Ab | DOSAGE DECOR |
US10383489B2 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2019-08-20 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Automatic napkin dispenser |
US9604811B2 (en) | 2013-10-01 | 2017-03-28 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Automatic paper product dispenser with data collection and method |
US9971095B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2018-05-15 | X Development Llc | Free-space optical communication dual-fiber ferrule |
US20160371664A1 (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-22 | Ncr Corporation | Slotted rotatable drum and method of using same |
MX2018009114A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2019-02-28 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Mechanical dispenser for perforated sheet products. |
US11395566B2 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2022-07-26 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Sheet product dispenser |
US11412900B2 (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2022-08-16 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Sheet product dispenser with motor operation sensing |
USD822401S1 (en) | 2017-01-26 | 2018-07-10 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Mechanical dispenser |
CN110494070A (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2019-11-22 | Gpcp知识产权控股有限责任公司 | Automatic paper product distributor and associated method |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1016270A (en) * | 1911-03-20 | 1912-02-06 | Albert W Johnson | Paper-holder. |
US2255609A (en) * | 1938-08-17 | 1941-09-09 | Steiner Sales Co | Towel dispensing cabinet |
US2273384A (en) * | 1940-03-25 | 1942-02-17 | Steiner Sales Co | Cabinet for dispensing sheet material |
GB1010198A (en) * | 1963-08-06 | 1965-11-17 | Eric Corner Ltd | Improvements relating to paper roll holders |
CH445764A (en) * | 1965-10-04 | 1967-10-31 | Steiner Co Lausanne Sa | Paper dispenser |
FR2771620B1 (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-12-31 | Maurice Granger | WIPING PAPER DISPENSING APPARATUS |
-
2000
- 2000-06-14 FR FR0007554A patent/FR2810223B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-05-21 DE DE60109091T patent/DE60109091T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-21 AT AT01420118T patent/ATE289772T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-21 EP EP01420118A patent/EP1163872B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-28 CA CA002349047A patent/CA2349047A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-13 US US09/880,337 patent/US6561598B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60109091T2 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
ATE289772T1 (en) | 2005-03-15 |
DE60109091D1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
CA2349047A1 (en) | 2001-12-14 |
FR2810223B1 (en) | 2002-08-16 |
US20020005685A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
US6561598B2 (en) | 2003-05-13 |
EP1163872A1 (en) | 2001-12-19 |
FR2810223A1 (en) | 2001-12-21 |
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