EP1162183A1 - Ignition mixture for use in gas generators - Google Patents
Ignition mixture for use in gas generators Download PDFInfo
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- EP1162183A1 EP1162183A1 EP01112894A EP01112894A EP1162183A1 EP 1162183 A1 EP1162183 A1 EP 1162183A1 EP 01112894 A EP01112894 A EP 01112894A EP 01112894 A EP01112894 A EP 01112894A EP 1162183 A1 EP1162183 A1 EP 1162183A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ignition mixture for use in gas generators for Safety devices in motor vehicles, in particular for a vehicle occupant restraint system.
- Gas generators for vehicle occupant restraint systems typically include one Solid fuel based on sodium azide. They are also gas generator fuels known from a flammable, mostly nitrogenous organic Compound and suitable inorganic oxidizing agents exist. For ignition these gas generator fuels are usually mixtures based on boron and potassium nitrate used.
- EP-A2-0736511 describes an ignition mixture for azide-free gas generator fuels which contains 5 to 100 percent by weight of Mg, TiH 2 , Al or Ti and 0 to 95 percent by weight of a carbohydrate fuel with an oxygen content of 35 to 65 percent by weight, as well as perchlorates or chlorates of Sodium or potassium as an oxidizing agent.
- the molar ratio of oxygen to fuel in the ignition mixture is at least 1, preferably at least 1.05.
- the ignition mixtures known from EP-A2-0736511 have a high Combustion temperature. This results in very high gaseous gases when burning Shares, for example of potassium chloride, which are used to ignite the gas generator fuels are poorly suited.
- the well-known ignition mixtures are also very good sensitive to friction and therefore cannot be grinded together in one Ball mill and subsequent compression on tablet presses into a manageable, bring precisely defined geometry or shape.
- that is known in the art as considered advantageous oxygen balance of greater than 1 is not desirable because in the high combustion temperatures a noticeable proportion of free oxygen is generated, which reacts with the nitrogen-containing gas generator fuels to form nitrogen oxides.
- WO-A-99/08983 describes an ignition mixture based on 5-aminotetrazole, Strontium nitrate, aluminum, mica and boron nitride are described. That in this Mixture of strontium nitrate used as an oxidizer produces together with aluminum however only solid fuel residues.
- the 5-aminotetrazole which is preferably used as fuel is known to be very hygroscopic, which makes processing and Storage of the known ignition mixtures is difficult. Even the oxygen balance of 5-aminotetrazole is compared to the nitrates of guanidine compounds, such as for example nitroguanidine, much worse, i.e. it becomes a much higher one Oxidizer content in the ignition mixture required.
- guanidine compounds such as for example nitroguanidine
- the conventionally used ignition mixtures based on boron and Potassium nitrate has a significant oxygen deficit in most cases on, with the result that large amounts are incompletely oxidized Reaction products are released. These can lead to an increase in Burning temperature of the fuel as a result of a reaction of the not completely oxidized Reaction products of the ignition mixture with components of the gas generator fuel contribute.
- B / KNO 3 ignition mixtures are also hygroscopic and show an undesirable aging behavior that can be attributed to the formation of boron oxides. After all, these ignition mixtures are very expensive due to the high raw material price of boron. The same also applies to the ignition mixtures described in EP-A2-0763511.
- the invention proposes an ignition mixture for use in one Gas generator for a safety device in motor vehicles, which thereby is characterized in that the ignition mixture from a gas-generating composition in a proportion of 15 to 70 percent by weight and a thermite composition in a proportion of 30 to 85 percent by weight.
- the gas generating The composition consists essentially of a guanidine compound Fuel and an inorganic oxidizer.
- the thermite composition consists of essentially of a metal and a metal oxide.
- the ignition mixture or the gas generating composition and the thermite composition in each case have an oxygen balance of between 0 and - 20%.
- the oxygen balance is to be understood as the percentage by weight of oxygen which is released when the fuel is completely converted to CO 2 , H 2 O, Al 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 or other metal oxides (O 2 overbalancing). If the available oxygen is not sufficient for this, the shortfall necessary for complete conversion is indicated with a negative sign (O 2 under-balancing).
- the guanidine compound is preferred in the ignition mixture according to the invention from that of cyanoguanidine, guanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine nitrate, diaminoguanidine nitrate, Triaminoguanidine nitrate, aminonitroguanidine and nitroguanidine and mixtures thereof selected group.
- the inorganic oxidizer is preferably a Alkali perchlorate or an alkali perchlorate mixed with ammonium perchlorate.
- the metal is preferably made of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, Hf and Si or their mixtures selected group.
- a metal oxide is preferably an oxide of Si, Fe, Mn, V, Mo, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ti, alone or in Combination with each other.
- the thermite composition preferably consists of Al and CuO.
- the oxygen balance of the ignition mixture or the gas-generating composition and the thermite composition are preferably between - 2% and - 15%, particularly preferably between - 4% and - 10%.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention can also contain up to 5% by weight usual processing aids such as pouring aids, pressing aids and Lubricant included.
- the gas-generating composition acts as an atomizer and the thermite composition as a particle supplier. Together, they thus ensure good ignition of the gas generator fuel.
- excess boron competes with the fuel of the gas generator fuel and generates additional energy during the combustion of B 2 O 3 . Furthermore, this can lead to the undesirable formation of carbon monoxide in the released gas mixture.
- the ignition mixtures according to the invention are also inexpensive to produce, show a significantly lower hygroscopicity and a high resistance to aging.
- ignition tests in the gas generator show that with a smaller amount of the ignition mixtures according to the invention, compared to mixtures based on B / KNO 3, an improved or at least comparable ignition is achieved.
- the non-gaseous reaction products at the burning temperature not only as solid slag, but also to a certain extent in liquid form available. This improves the heat input into the fuel to be ignited.
- the non-gaseous reaction products are particularly preferred Ignition mixture at the combustion temperature of the mixture about half as a solid and the other half in liquid form.
- a conventional ignition mixture was prepared from 26 parts by weight of boron and 74 parts by weight of potassium nitrate. The oxygen balance of this mixture was -28.4%; the mixture had a combustion temperature of 3,078 K. The storage test over 408 h at 107 ° C. showed an increase in weight of 0.25%. In the chamber test (2.5 m 3 ), the CO fraction of 270 ppm was determined when the standardized pyrotechnic gas generator from Example 1 was bombarded. The NO X emission was 20 ppm.
- an ignition mixture was produced from 28 parts by weight of NTO, 62 parts by weight of strontium nitrate, 8 parts by weight of aluminum and 2 parts by weight of mica.
- the combustion temperature of this ignition mixture was 2,938 K; the oxygen balance was + 9.4%.
- the experimentally determined values for the gas yield and the friction sensitivity are given in Table 2. Comparative Example No. Combustion temperature Gas yield (mass%) Gas yield (mol / 100g) Friction sensitivity Oxygen balance 1 3078 K 81 1.27 > 360 Nm - 28.4% 2: 3502 K 60 1.39 90 Nm + 10.7% 3: 3105 K.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anzündmischung zur Verwendung in Gasgeneratoren für Sicherheitseinrichtungen in Kraftfahrzeugen, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeuginsassen-Rückhaltesystem.The invention relates to an ignition mixture for use in gas generators for Safety devices in motor vehicles, in particular for a vehicle occupant restraint system.
Gasgeneratoren für Fahrzeuginsassen-Rückhaltesysteme enthalten üblicherweise einen Festtreibstoff auf der Grundlage von Natriumazid. Darüber hinaus sind Gasgeneratortreibstoffe bekannt, die aus einer brennbaren, meist stickstoffhaltigen organischen Verbindung sowie geeigneten anorganischen Oxidationsmitteln bestehen. Zur Zündung dieser Gasgeneratortreibstoffe werden üblicherweise Gemische auf der Grundlage von Bor und Kaliumnitrat verwendet.Gas generators for vehicle occupant restraint systems typically include one Solid fuel based on sodium azide. They are also gas generator fuels known from a flammable, mostly nitrogenous organic Compound and suitable inorganic oxidizing agents exist. For ignition these gas generator fuels are usually mixtures based on boron and potassium nitrate used.
Die EP-A2-0736511 beschreibt eine Anzündmischung für azidfreie Gasgeneratortreibstoffe, die als Brennstoffe 5 bis 100 Gewichtsprozent Mg, TiH2, Al oder Ti sowie 0 bis 95 Gewichtsprozent eines Kohlenhydratbrennstoffs mit einem Sauerstoffgehalt von 35 bis 65 Gewichtsprozent enthält, sowie Perchlorate oder Chlorate von Natrium oder Kalium als Oxidationsmittel. Das molare Verhältnis von Sauerstoff zu Brennstoff der Anzündmischung beträgt wenigstens 1, bevorzugt wenigstens 1,05. EP-A2-0736511 describes an ignition mixture for azide-free gas generator fuels which contains 5 to 100 percent by weight of Mg, TiH 2 , Al or Ti and 0 to 95 percent by weight of a carbohydrate fuel with an oxygen content of 35 to 65 percent by weight, as well as perchlorates or chlorates of Sodium or potassium as an oxidizing agent. The molar ratio of oxygen to fuel in the ignition mixture is at least 1, preferably at least 1.05.
Die aus der EP-A2-0736511 bekannten Anzündmischungen weisen eine hohe Verbrennungstemperatur auf. Dadurch entstehen beim Abbrand sehr hohe gasförmige Anteile, beispielsweise von Kaliumchlorid, die zum Anzünden der Gasgeneratortreibstoffe schlecht geeignet sind. Die bekannten Anzündmischungen sind außerdem sehr reibempfindlich und lassen sich deshalb nicht durch gemeinsames Mahlen in einer Kugelmühle und anschließendes Verpressen auf Tablettierpressen in eine handhabbare, genau definierte Geometrie oder Form bringen. Schließlich ist die im Stand der Technik als vorteilhaft angesehene Sauerstoffbilanz von größer als 1 nicht wünschenswert, da bei den hohen Abbrandtemperaturen ein merklicher Anteil an freiem Sauerstoff erzeugt wird, der mit den stickstoffhaltigen Gasgeneratortreibstoffen zu Stickoxiden reagiert.The ignition mixtures known from EP-A2-0736511 have a high Combustion temperature. This results in very high gaseous gases when burning Shares, for example of potassium chloride, which are used to ignite the gas generator fuels are poorly suited. The well-known ignition mixtures are also very good sensitive to friction and therefore cannot be grinded together in one Ball mill and subsequent compression on tablet presses into a manageable, bring precisely defined geometry or shape. After all, that is known in the art as considered advantageous oxygen balance of greater than 1 is not desirable because in the high combustion temperatures a noticeable proportion of free oxygen is generated, which reacts with the nitrogen-containing gas generator fuels to form nitrogen oxides.
In der WO-A-99/08983 ist eine Anzündmischung auf der Grundlage von 5-Aminotetrazol, Strontiumnitrat, Aluminium, Glimmer und Bornitrid beschrieben. Das in diesem Gemisch als Oxidator verwendete Strontiumnitrat erzeugt zusammen mit Aluminium jedoch nur feste Treibstoffrückstände. Das bevorzugt als Brennstoff verwendete 5-Aminotetrazol ist bekanntermaßen sehr hygroskopisch, wodurch die Verarbeitung und Lagerung der bekannten Anzündmischungen erschwert wird. Auch die Sauerstoffbilanz von 5-Aminotetrazol ist im Vergleich zu den Nitraten von Guanidinverbindungen, wie beispielsweise Nitroguanidin, wesentlich schlechter, d.h. es wird ein wesentlich höherer Oxidatoranteil in der Anzündmischung benötigt. Die in der WO-A-99/08983 verwendeten Anzündmischungen weisen ferner eine positive Sauerstoffbilanz auf, die zu den oben beschriebenen Problemen der Entstehung von Stickoxiden beim Abbrand führt.WO-A-99/08983 describes an ignition mixture based on 5-aminotetrazole, Strontium nitrate, aluminum, mica and boron nitride are described. That in this Mixture of strontium nitrate used as an oxidizer produces together with aluminum however only solid fuel residues. The 5-aminotetrazole which is preferably used as fuel is known to be very hygroscopic, which makes processing and Storage of the known ignition mixtures is difficult. Even the oxygen balance of 5-aminotetrazole is compared to the nitrates of guanidine compounds, such as for example nitroguanidine, much worse, i.e. it becomes a much higher one Oxidizer content in the ignition mixture required. Those used in WO-A-99/08983 Ignition mixtures also have a positive oxygen balance, which corresponds to the above described problems of the formation of nitrogen oxides during combustion.
Die herkömmlicherweise verwendeten Anzündmischungen auf der Basis von Bor und Kaliumnitrat weisen dagegen in den meisten Fällen einen erheblichen Sauerstoffunterschuß auf, was zur Folge hat, daß große Mengen unvollständig oxidierter Reaktionsprodukte freigesetzt werden. Diese können zu einem Anstieg der Abbrandtemperatur des Treibstoffs als Folge einer Reaktion der nicht komplett oxidierten Reaktionsprodukte der Anzündmischung mit Bestandteilen des Gasgeneratortreibstoffs beitragen.The conventionally used ignition mixtures based on boron and Potassium nitrate, on the other hand, has a significant oxygen deficit in most cases on, with the result that large amounts are incompletely oxidized Reaction products are released. These can lead to an increase in Burning temperature of the fuel as a result of a reaction of the not completely oxidized Reaction products of the ignition mixture with components of the gas generator fuel contribute.
B/KNO3-Anzündmischungen sind ferner hygroskopisch und zeigen ein unerwünschtes Alterungsverhalten, das auf die Bildung von Boroxiden zurückgeführt werden kann. Schließlich sind diese Anzündmischungen aufgrund des hohen Rohstoffpreises von Bor sehr teuer. Gleiches gilt im übrigen auch für die in der EP-A2-0763511 beschriebenen Anzündmischungen.B / KNO 3 ignition mixtures are also hygroscopic and show an undesirable aging behavior that can be attributed to the formation of boron oxides. After all, these ignition mixtures are very expensive due to the high raw material price of boron. The same also applies to the ignition mixtures described in EP-A2-0763511.
Es besteht daher weiterhin Bedarf an Anzündmischungen für Gasgeneratortreibstoffe mit günstigen Eigenschaftskombinationen, wie beispielsweise einer guten Lagerstabilität, geringer Hygroskopizität, moderaten Verbrennungstemperaturen und einer guten Verarbeitbarkeit.There is therefore still a need for ignition mixtures for gas generator fuels with favorable combinations of properties, such as good storage stability, low hygroscopicity, moderate combustion temperatures and a good one Processability.
Die Erfindung schlägt hierzu eine Anzündmischung zur Verwendung in einem Gasgenerator für eine Sicherheitseinrichtung in Kraftfahrzeugen vor, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Anzündmischung aus einer gaserzeugenden Zusammensetzung in einem Anteil von 15 bis 70 Gewichtsprozent und einer Thermit-Zusammensetzung in einem Anteil von 30 bis 85 Gewichtsprozent besteht. Die gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung besteht dabei im wesentlichen aus einer Guanidinverbindung als Brennstoff und einem anorganischen Oxidator. Die Thermit-Zusammensetzung besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Metall und einem Metalloxid. Die Anzündmischung oder die gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung und die Thermit-Zusammensetzung jeweils für sich weisen eine Sauerstoffbilanz von zwischen 0 und - 20 % auf.The invention proposes an ignition mixture for use in one Gas generator for a safety device in motor vehicles, which thereby is characterized in that the ignition mixture from a gas-generating composition in a proportion of 15 to 70 percent by weight and a thermite composition in a proportion of 30 to 85 percent by weight. The gas generating The composition consists essentially of a guanidine compound Fuel and an inorganic oxidizer. The thermite composition consists of essentially of a metal and a metal oxide. The ignition mixture or the gas generating composition and the thermite composition in each case have an oxygen balance of between 0 and - 20%.
Unter der Sauerstoffbilanz ist im Sinne der Erfindung diejenige Sauerstoffmenge in Gewichtsprozent zu verstehen, die bei vollständiger Umsetzung des Brennstoffs zu CO2, H2O, Al2O3, B2O3 oder sonstigen Metalloxiden frei wird (O2-Überbilanzierung). Reicht der vorhandene Sauerstoff hierzu nicht aus, so wird die zum vollständigen Umsatz notwendige Fehlmenge mit negativem Vorzeichen angegeben (O2-Unterbilanzierung).For the purposes of the invention, the oxygen balance is to be understood as the percentage by weight of oxygen which is released when the fuel is completely converted to CO 2 , H 2 O, Al 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 or other metal oxides (O 2 overbalancing). If the available oxygen is not sufficient for this, the shortfall necessary for complete conversion is indicated with a negative sign (O 2 under-balancing).
In der erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischung ist die Guanidinverbindung vorzugsweise aus der aus Cyanoguanidin, Guanidinnitrat, Aminoguanidinnitrat, Diaminoguanidinnitrat, Triaminoguanidinnitrat, Aminonitroguanidin und Nitroguanidin sowie deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt. Der anorganische Oxidator ist vorzugsweise ein Alkaliperchlorat oder ein Alkaliperchlorat im Gemisch mit Ammoniumperchlorat.The guanidine compound is preferred in the ignition mixture according to the invention from that of cyanoguanidine, guanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine nitrate, diaminoguanidine nitrate, Triaminoguanidine nitrate, aminonitroguanidine and nitroguanidine and mixtures thereof selected group. The inorganic oxidizer is preferably a Alkali perchlorate or an alkali perchlorate mixed with ammonium perchlorate.
In der Thermit-Zusammensetzung ist das Metall vorzugsweise aus der aus Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, Hf und Si oder deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt. Als Metalloxid wird vorzugsweise ein Oxid von Si, Fe, Mn, V, Mo, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ti, allein oder in Kombination miteinander, verwendet.In the thermite composition, the metal is preferably made of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, Hf and Si or their mixtures selected group. As a metal oxide is preferably an oxide of Si, Fe, Mn, V, Mo, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ti, alone or in Combination with each other.
Vorzugsweise besteht die Thermit-Zusammensetzung aus Al und CuO.The thermite composition preferably consists of Al and CuO.
Die Sauerstoffbilanzen der Anzündmischung bzw. der gaserzeugenden Zusammensetzung sowie der Thermit-Zusammensetzung liegen vorzugsweise zwischen - 2 % und - 15 %, besonders bevorzugt zwischen - 4 % und - 10 %.The oxygen balance of the ignition mixture or the gas-generating composition and the thermite composition are preferably between - 2% and - 15%, particularly preferably between - 4% and - 10%.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen können außerdem bis zu 5 Gew.-% übliche Verarbeitungshilfen wie beispielsweise Rieselhilfen, Preßhilfsmittel und Gleitmittel enthalten.The ignition mixtures according to the invention can also contain up to 5% by weight usual processing aids such as pouring aids, pressing aids and Lubricant included.
In den erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen wirken die gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung als Zerstäuber und die Thermit-Zusammensetzung als Partikellieferant. Zusammen gewährleisten sie somit eine gute Anzündung des Gasgeneratortreibstoffs. In herkömmlichen bekannten Anzündmischungen auf Grundlage von B/KNO3 tritt überschüssiges Bor in Konkurrenz mit dem Brennstoff des Gasgeneratortreibstoffs und erzeugt bei der Verbrennung zu B2O3 zusätzliche Energie. Ferner kann dies zur unerwünschten Bildung von Kohlenmonoxid im freigesetzten Gasgemisch führen. Diese Effekte können in den erfindungsgemäßen Treibstoffen aufgrund der günstigeren Sauerstoffbilanz nicht auftreten.In the ignition mixtures according to the invention, the gas-generating composition acts as an atomizer and the thermite composition as a particle supplier. Together, they thus ensure good ignition of the gas generator fuel. In conventional known ignition mixtures based on B / KNO 3 , excess boron competes with the fuel of the gas generator fuel and generates additional energy during the combustion of B 2 O 3 . Furthermore, this can lead to the undesirable formation of carbon monoxide in the released gas mixture. These effects cannot occur in the fuels according to the invention due to the more favorable oxygen balance.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen sind außerdem kostengünstig zu produzieren, zeigen eine wesentlich geringere Hygroskopizität und eine hohe Alterungsbeständigkeit. Darüber hinaus zeigen Anzündversuche im Gasgenerator, daß mit einer geringeren Menge der erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen eine im Vergleich zu Gemischen auf der Grundlage von B/KNO3 verbesserte oder zumindest vergleichbare Anzündung erreicht wird.The ignition mixtures according to the invention are also inexpensive to produce, show a significantly lower hygroscopicity and a high resistance to aging. In addition, ignition tests in the gas generator show that with a smaller amount of the ignition mixtures according to the invention, compared to mixtures based on B / KNO 3, an improved or at least comparable ignition is achieved.
Schließlich wurde gefunden, daß bei den erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen in vorteilhafter Weise die nicht gasförmigen Reaktionsprodukte bei der Abbrandtemperatur nicht nur als feste Schlacke, sondern zu einem bestimmten Anteil auch in flüssiger Form vorliegen. Hierdurch wird der Wärmeeintrag in den anzuzündenden Treibstoff verbessert. Besonders bevorzugt liegen die nicht gasförmigen Reaktionsprodukte der Anzündmischung bei der Abbrandtemperatur der Mischung etwa zur Hälfte als Feststoff und zur anderen Hälfte in flüssiger Form vor.Finally, it was found that in the ignition mixtures according to the invention in advantageously the non-gaseous reaction products at the burning temperature not only as solid slag, but also to a certain extent in liquid form available. This improves the heat input into the fuel to be ignited. The non-gaseous reaction products are particularly preferred Ignition mixture at the combustion temperature of the mixture about half as a solid and the other half in liquid form.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einiger bevorzugter Ausführungsformen beschrieben. Diese Beispiele sollen die Erfindung jedoch lediglich veranschaulichen, nicht aber in einem einschränkenden Sinn verstanden werden.The invention is described below using some preferred embodiments described. However, these examples are only intended to illustrate the invention, not to illustrate it but be understood in a restrictive sense.
39 Gewichtsteile Guanidinnitrat, 21 Gewichtsteile Kaliumperchlorat, 30 Gewichtsteile Kupferoxid und 10 Gewichtsteile Aluminium wurden gemahlen, miteinander vermischt und zu Tabletten verpreßt. Die Mischung hatte eine theoretische Verbrennungstemperatur von 2.956 K; die Sauerstoffbilanz betrug - 4,8 %. Der Lagertest über 408 h bei 107° C ergab einen Gewichtsverlust von 0,08 %. Im Kammerversuch (2,5 m3) wurde beim Beschuß eines standardisierten pyrotechnischen Gasgenerators ein CO-Anteil von 240 ppm ermittelt. Die NOx- Emission lag bei 20 ppm.39 parts by weight of guanidine nitrate, 21 parts by weight of potassium perchlorate, 30 parts by weight of copper oxide and 10 parts by weight of aluminum were ground, mixed together and pressed into tablets. The mixture had a theoretical combustion temperature of 2,956 K; the oxygen balance was - 4.8%. The storage test over 408 h at 107 ° C showed a weight loss of 0.08%. In a chamber test (2.5 m 3 ), a CO content of 240 ppm was determined when a standardized pyrotechnic gas generator was bombarded. The NO x emission was 20 ppm.
In weiteren Versuchen wurden die Gasausbeute und die Reibempfindlichkeit sowie die Hygroskopizität bei verschiedenen relativen Luftfeuchtigkeiten (rel. LF) ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Versuche sind in den Tabellen 1 und 3 angegeben.In further tests, the gas yield and the sensitivity to friction as well as the Hygroscopicity determined at different relative air humidities (rel. LF). The Results of these tests are given in Tables 1 and 3.
31 Gewichtsteile Guanidinnitrat, 13 Gewichtsteile Kaliumperchlorat, 41 Gewichtsteile Kupferoxid und 15 Gewichtsteile Aluminium wurden gemahlen, miteinander vermischt und zu Tabletten verpreßt. Die Anzündmischung hatte eine theoretische Verbrennungstemperatur von 3.221 K; die Sauerstoffbilanz betrug - 7,2 %. Der Lagertest über 408 h bei 107° C ergab einen Gewichtsverlust von 0,09 %.31 parts by weight of guanidine nitrate, 13 parts by weight of potassium perchlorate, 41 parts by weight Copper oxide and 15 parts by weight of aluminum were ground, mixed together and compressed into tablets. The ignition mixture had a theoretical one Combustion temperature of 3,221 K; the oxygen balance was - 7.2%. The storage test Over 408 h at 107 ° C there was a weight loss of 0.09%.
In weiteren Versuchen wurden Gasausbeute und die Reibempfindlichkeit der
Anzündmischung ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Versuche sind in Tabelle 1 angegeben.
Aus 26 Gewichtsteilen Bor und 74 Gewichtsteilen Kaliumnitrat wurde eine herkömmliche Anzündmischung hergestellt. Die Sauerstoffbilanz dieser Mischung betrug -28,4 %; die Mischung hatte eine Verbrennungstemperatur von 3.078 K. Der Lagertest über 408 h bei 107° C ergab eine Gewichtszunahme von 0,25 %. Im Kammerversuch (2,5 m3) wurde beim Beschuß des standardisierten pyrotechnischen Gasgenerators aus Beispiel 1 ein CO-Anteil von 270 ppm ermittelt. Die NOX-Emission lag bei 20 ppm.A conventional ignition mixture was prepared from 26 parts by weight of boron and 74 parts by weight of potassium nitrate. The oxygen balance of this mixture was -28.4%; the mixture had a combustion temperature of 3,078 K. The storage test over 408 h at 107 ° C. showed an increase in weight of 0.25%. In the chamber test (2.5 m 3 ), the CO fraction of 270 ppm was determined when the standardized pyrotechnic gas generator from Example 1 was bombarded. The NO X emission was 20 ppm.
Die experimentell ermittelten Werte für die Gasausbeute und die Reibempfindlichkeit bzw. die Hygroskopizität bei verschiedenen relativen Luftfeuchtigkeiten (rel. LF) sind in den Tabellen 2 und 3 angegeben.The experimentally determined values for the gas yield and the sensitivity to friction or the hygroscopicity at different relative air humidities (rel. LF) are in tables 2 and 3.
Gemäß den Vorschriften der EP-A2-0736511 wurde eine Anzündmischung aus 24,9 Gewichtsteilen TiH2 und 75,1 Gewichtsteilen Kaliumperchlorat hergestellt. Die theoretische Verbrennungstemperatur dieses Gemischs lag bei 3.502 K; die Sauerstoffbilanz betrug + 10,7 %. Die experimentell ermittelten Werte für die Gasausbeute und die Reibempfindlichkeit sind in Tabelle 2 angegeben.In accordance with the regulations of EP-A2-0736511, an ignition mixture was produced from 24.9 parts by weight of TiH 2 and 75.1 parts by weight of potassium perchlorate. The theoretical combustion temperature of this mixture was 3,502 K; the oxygen balance was + 10.7%. The experimentally determined values for the gas yield and the friction sensitivity are given in Table 2.
Gemäß den Vorschriften der WO-A-99/08983 wurde eine Anzündmischung aus 26 Gewichtsteilen 5-Aminotetrazol, 64 Gewichtsteilen Strontiumnitrat, 7 Gewichtsteilen Aluminium, 2 Gewichtsteilen Glimmer und 1 Gewichtsteil Bornitrid hergestellt. Die Verbrennungstemperatur dieser Mischung betrug 3.105 K; die Sauerstoffbilanz lag bei -0,1 %. Die experimentell ermittelten Ergebnisse für die Gasausbeute und die Reibempfindlichkeit bzw. die Hygroskopizität bei verschiedenen relativen Luftfeuchtigkeiten (rel. LF) sind in den Tabellen 2 und 3 angegeben.According to the regulations of WO-A-99/08983, an ignition mixture of 26 Parts by weight of 5-aminotetrazole, 64 parts by weight of strontium nitrate, 7 parts by weight Aluminum, 2 parts by weight of mica and 1 part by weight of boron nitride. The The combustion temperature of this mixture was 3,105 K; the oxygen balance was -0.1 %. The experimentally determined results for the gas yield and the Friction sensitivity or the hygroscopicity at various relative Humidity (rel. LF) are given in Tables 2 and 3.
Gemäß den Vorschriften der WO-A-99/08983 wurde eine Anzündmischung aus 28
Gewichtsteilen NTO, 62 Gewichtsteilen Strontiumnitrat, 8 Gewichtsteilen Aluminium und
2 Gewichtsteilen Glimmer hergestellt. Die Verbrennungstemperatur dieser
Anzündmischung betrug 2.938 K; die Sauerstoffbilanz lag bei + 9,4 %. Die experimentell
ermittelten Werte für die Gasausbeute und die Reibempfindlichkeit sind in Tabelle 2
angegeben.
Die obigen Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen verbesserte oder zumindest vergleichbare Eigenschaften wie die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Anzündmischungen aufweisen. Sie zeigen zudem hervorragende Anzündeigenschaften und neigen aufgrund der vorteilhaften Sauerstoffbilanz nicht zur Reaktion mit den Bestandteilen des Gasgeneratortreibstoffs und der Bildung von Stickoxiden.The above results show that the ignition mixtures according to the invention improved or at least comparable properties as those from the prior art Have known ignition mixtures. They also show excellent Ignition properties and do not tend to due to the advantageous oxygen balance Reaction with the components of the gas generator fuel and the formation of Nitrogen oxides.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20010154U DE20010154U1 (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | Ignition mixture for use in gas generators |
| DE20010154U | 2000-06-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1162183A1 true EP1162183A1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
| EP1162183B1 EP1162183B1 (en) | 2007-10-24 |
Family
ID=7942547
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01112894A Expired - Lifetime EP1162183B1 (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-06-01 | Ignition mixture for use in gas generators |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6599380B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1162183B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE20010154U1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7337856B2 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2008-03-04 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Method and apparatus for suppression of fires |
| US20050115721A1 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Blau Reed J. | Man-rated fire suppression system |
| FR2945288B1 (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2011-07-22 | Snpe Materiaux Energetiques | PYROTECHNIC SOLID COMPOUND, DRY PRODUCTION AND USE |
| US8672348B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2014-03-18 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Gas-generating devices with grain-retention structures and related methods and systems |
| US8939225B2 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2015-01-27 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Inflator-based fire suppression |
| US8967284B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2015-03-03 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Liquid-augmented, generated-gas fire suppression systems and related methods |
| US8616128B2 (en) | 2011-10-06 | 2013-12-31 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Gas generator |
| US20150096653A1 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2015-04-09 | Arc Automotive | Autoignition for igniting gas-generative compositions used in inflator devices for protective passive restraints |
| CN105689724B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2018-01-05 | 南京师范大学 | A kind of preparation method of nanometer of Al/CuO AP compound particles containing energy |
| CN110317120B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-10-20 | 湖北航鹏化学动力科技有限责任公司 | Ignition powder, preparation method and application thereof and safety airbag gas generator |
| US20210032180A1 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-04 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Ignition booster compositions and methods of making the same |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2063586A1 (en) * | 1969-12-26 | 1971-07-22 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka (Japan) | Gas-forming mass |
| US4963203A (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1990-10-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | High- and low-temperature-stable thermite composition for producing high-pressure, high-velocity gases |
| DE19548544A1 (en) * | 1995-12-23 | 1997-06-26 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Ignition mixture free of initial explosives |
| US5700974A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-12-23 | Morton International, Inc. | Preparing consolidated thermite compositions |
| DE19805976C1 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-04-29 | Nigu Chemie Gmbh | Pre-ignition powder for thermal safety device for car air-bags |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4352397A (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1982-10-05 | Jet Research Center, Inc. | Methods, apparatus and pyrotechnic compositions for severing conduits |
| FR2628735B1 (en) * | 1988-03-15 | 1990-08-24 | Ncs Pyrotechnie Technologies | PERCUSSION PRIMER LOADS AND THEIR MANUFACTURING METHOD |
| US5256451A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1993-10-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Guanidine based vehicle/binders for use with oxides, metals and ceramics |
| US5429691A (en) | 1993-08-10 | 1995-07-04 | Thiokol Corporation | Thermite compositions for use as gas generants comprising basic metal carbonates and/or basic metal nitrates |
| US5439537A (en) | 1993-08-10 | 1995-08-08 | Thiokol Corporation | Thermite compositions for use as gas generants |
| DE4435524C2 (en) | 1994-10-05 | 1996-08-22 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Solid fuel based on pure or phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate |
| US5668345A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1997-09-16 | Morton International, Inc. | Airbag inflators employing coated porous substrates |
| KR100272955B1 (en) | 1995-12-01 | 2000-11-15 | 구마모토 마사히로 | Gas generating agent and transfer charge for use in airbag gas generator, and gas generator comprising said gas generating agent and transfer charge |
| US5959242A (en) | 1996-05-14 | 1999-09-28 | Talley Defense Systems, Inc. | Autoignition composition |
| FR2772370B1 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 2000-01-07 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITIONS GENERATING NON-TOXIC GASES BASED ON AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE |
| FR2772750B1 (en) | 1997-12-22 | 2000-01-28 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION CLEAN GAS, LOW NITROGEN OXIDE CONTENT, AND PELLETS OF SUCH A COMPOSITION |
| DE29806504U1 (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 1998-08-06 | Trw Airbag Sys Gmbh & Co Kg | Azide-free, gas generating composition |
| SE513315C2 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2000-08-21 | Nexplo Bofors Ab | Methods of producing gas generators for gas-powered car safety details and pyrotechnic gas generators prepared in accordance with the method |
-
2000
- 2000-06-07 DE DE20010154U patent/DE20010154U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-06-01 DE DE50113161T patent/DE50113161D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-01 EP EP01112894A patent/EP1162183B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-06 US US09/875,526 patent/US6599380B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2063586A1 (en) * | 1969-12-26 | 1971-07-22 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka (Japan) | Gas-forming mass |
| US4963203A (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1990-10-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | High- and low-temperature-stable thermite composition for producing high-pressure, high-velocity gases |
| US5700974A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1997-12-23 | Morton International, Inc. | Preparing consolidated thermite compositions |
| DE19548544A1 (en) * | 1995-12-23 | 1997-06-26 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Ignition mixture free of initial explosives |
| DE19805976C1 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-04-29 | Nigu Chemie Gmbh | Pre-ignition powder for thermal safety device for car air-bags |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1162183B1 (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| US6599380B2 (en) | 2003-07-29 |
| DE50113161D1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
| US20020033211A1 (en) | 2002-03-21 |
| DE20010154U1 (en) | 2000-09-07 |
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