EP1162014B1 - Pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method - Google Patents
Pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1162014B1 EP1162014B1 EP01304835A EP01304835A EP1162014B1 EP 1162014 B1 EP1162014 B1 EP 1162014B1 EP 01304835 A EP01304835 A EP 01304835A EP 01304835 A EP01304835 A EP 01304835A EP 1162014 B1 EP1162014 B1 EP 1162014B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- die
- fluid
- material blank
- seal
- fluid pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/12—Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/007—Hydrostatic extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
- B21C23/10—Making finned tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/04—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor by directly applied fluid pressure or explosive action
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
- B21K1/066—Making machine elements axles or shafts splined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
- B21K1/12—Making machine elements axles or shafts of specially-shaped cross-section
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method.
- fluid pressure extrusion method defines a method in which extrusion is conducted under the action of fluid pressure. Pressure control describes the adjustment of this fluid pressure in order to conduct proper extrusion.
- Examples of the prior art include forward extrusion methods as shown in Figure 1 of Japanese Laid-Open patent Publication Number 11-254082 and Figure 3 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication Number 7-308729.
- a material blank 11 progresses through the steps of 3(A), 3(B), 3(C) and 3(D) to produce a manufactured product 15.
- the manufactured product 15 comprises a throughbore.
- the blank material 11 also comprises a throughbore for receiving a mandrel in the metal mold.
- the outer diameter of the material blank 11 is approximately the same size as the inner diameter of a container part 12b of a die 12.
- Figure 3(C) when the material blank 11 is extruded into the die 12 and molded by a punch 13, a large frictional force is generated between the outer diameter of the material blank and the container.
- the product 15 rotates as it advances along the die. This rotation generates a large additional frictional force in the direction of rotation as well as the frictional force which is generated in the axial direction as described above.
- the working load is increased, and there are negative effects on the product precision and on the die life.
- the outer diameter part of the material blank must be straight. If the outer diameter is tiered, that is to say, the material blank comprises one or more different diameter parts, the smaller diameter part could become deformed and could expand during molding such that the specified molding is not achieved.
- the present invention provides a pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method comprising:
- a suitable fluid pressure acts on the outer perimeter surface of a material and the material is pushed directly by a punch into die for molding, whereby the material is molded into a desired shape.
- the fluid is suitably sealed by the material, the die, and the punch.
- the action of the die and the punch pressurizes the fluid.
- the fluid pressure acts on the material to form the product.
- a metal mold 100 is constructed from a die 2, a punch 3, and a mandrel 4.
- the metal mold 100 is set into a conventional press (not shown).
- the metal mold 100 is actuated by the ascending and descending motion of a slide of the press.
- the die 2 includes a cavity 10 having the shape of the desired molded product.
- the molded product is a helical gear.
- Teeth 2a are formed on the lower part of a cavity 10, that is to say towards the bottom of the mold 100 in the drawings of Figures 1(A) to 1(D).
- Teeth 5a of the molded product 5 are formed by teeth 2a.
- the punch 3 is lowered into cavity 10.
- the lower end surface of the punch 3 contacts the upper surface of the material blank 1.
- a fluid pressure chamber 6 is defined and sealed between the punch 3 and the lower portion of the material blank 1.
- the fluid inside cavity 10 is pressurised.
- the fluid is sealed by a first seal 7 at the contact surface between material 1 and punch 3, a second seal 8 at the insertion surface between die 2 and punch 3, and a third seal 9 at the insertion surface between die 2 and the lower end of material blank 1.
- the seal 7 may have some leakage without producing any problems.
- teeth 2a are a helical gear, while molding, material 1 rotates with respect to punch 3.
- punch 3 advances, a film of fluid penetrates between the teeth 2a and the teeth 5a being formed.
- the resulting lubrication reduces the frictional force that accompanies this rotation.
- the pressurized fluid must be actively released. If the fluid pressure in the fluid pressure chamber 6 rises without limit, problems such as rupture of members such as die 2 and the like can occur. However, if a large amount of fluid in fluid pressure chamber 6 leaks from seal 8, material 1 expands radially. This can cause problems such an incomplete molding action of the material blank 1. Taking these points into account, it is necessary to determine the clearance for the restriction of seal 8. In this way, the seal 8 acts as a pressure relief valve.
- the clearance of seal 8 is determined so that an optimal fluid pressure in the fluid pressure chamber 6 is achieved.
- a tiered material blank is used, but the present invention can be used for a straight or constant diameter material blank as well.
- the present invention does not require a throughbore to be provided.
- the molded product is a helical gear, but the present invention can be used for molded parts with super gears or with no gears as well.
Description
- The present invention relates to a pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method. The term "fluid pressure extrusion method" defines a method in which extrusion is conducted under the action of fluid pressure. Pressure control describes the adjustment of this fluid pressure in order to conduct proper extrusion. These extrusions can be used to make parts for automobiles such as helical gears and the like.
- Examples of the prior art include forward extrusion methods as shown in Figure 1 of Japanese Laid-Open patent Publication Number 11-254082 and Figure 3 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication Number 7-308729.
- Referring to Figures 3(A)-3(D), steps of these prior art methods are schematically shown in order to compare these prior art methods with the present invention. A material blank 11 progresses through the steps of 3(A), 3(B), 3(C) and 3(D) to produce a manufactured
product 15. In the example shown the manufacturedproduct 15 comprises a throughbore. Theblank material 11 also comprises a throughbore for receiving a mandrel in the metal mold. - Referring to Figure 3(A), the outer diameter of the material blank 11 is approximately the same size as the inner diameter of a
container part 12b of adie 12. Referring to Figure 3(C), when the material blank 11 is extruded into thedie 12 and molded by apunch 13, a large frictional force is generated between the outer diameter of the material blank and the container. Furthermore, when molding ahelical gear part 15a of the manufacturedproduct 15 with ahelical gear part 12a of the die 12, theproduct 15 rotates as it advances along the die. This rotation generates a large additional frictional force in the direction of rotation as well as the frictional force which is generated in the axial direction as described above. As a result, the working load is increased, and there are negative effects on the product precision and on the die life. With this method, the outer diameter part of the material blank must be straight. If the outer diameter is tiered, that is to say, the material blank comprises one or more different diameter parts, the smaller diameter part could become deformed and could expand during molding such that the specified molding is not achieved. - In US 3,382,691, a hydrostatic extrusion process is described wherein the plunger is provided with a passage therethrough to allow bleeding of liquid in a controlled manner from the bore of an extrusion chamber during the extrusion process.
- The present invention provides a pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method comprising:
- placing a material blank to be molded in a die;
- sealing a fluid in an area between said die and an end of said material blank by a first seal formed by contact between said material blank and said die and forming a second seal by contact between said die and a punch, wherein said first seal is a complete seal which prevents any leakage therepast of any of said fluid and said second seal is an incomplete seal having a clearance between said die and said punch which permits leakage of said fluid therepast to control the pressure of said fluid;
- applying a fluid pressure to an outer perimeter surface of said material blank; and
- pushing said material blank directly by said punch into the said die for molding, whereby said material blank is molded into a desired shape.
-
- A suitable fluid pressure acts on the outer perimeter surface of a material and the material is pushed directly by a punch into die for molding, whereby the material is molded into a desired shape.
- Preferably, the fluid is suitably sealed by the material, the die, and the punch. The action of the die and the punch pressurizes the fluid. The fluid pressure acts on the material to form the product.
- In preferred embodiments, the fluid pressure is adjusted by a clearance of the die and the punch.
- The invention will now be more particularly described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Figures 1(A) through 1(D) are schematic representations of the steps in a process according to an arrangement of the invention;
- Figure 2 is an expanded view of the principal part of Figure 1(B); and,
- Figures 3 (A) through 3(D) are schematic representations illustrating the method of the prior art.
-
- Referring to Figures 1(A)-1(D), the process of molding a material blank 1 into a molded product 5 is shown. A
metal mold 100 is constructed from adie 2, apunch 3, and a mandrel 4. Themetal mold 100 is set into a conventional press (not shown). Themetal mold 100 is actuated by the ascending and descending motion of a slide of the press. - Referring to Figure 1(A), the die 2 includes a
cavity 10 having the shape of the desired molded product. In the illustrated arrangement, the molded product is a helical gear.Teeth 2a are formed on the lower part of acavity 10, that is to say towards the bottom of themold 100 in the drawings of Figures 1(A) to 1(D).Teeth 5a of the molded product 5 are formed byteeth 2a. - Referring to Figure 1(B) and Figure 2, the material blank 1 is supplied to die 2. The material blank 1 is transported to die 2 by a transport device (not shown) and is inserted into a
cavity 10 of thedie 2. After inserting the material blank 1 into thecavity 10, the mandrel 4 is inserted into a central throughbore in the material blank 1. A fluid is supplied tocavity 10. In the present arrangement, oil is used as the fluid. - Next, the
punch 3 is lowered intocavity 10. The lower end surface of thepunch 3 contacts the upper surface of the material blank 1. As thepunch 3 descends further, afluid pressure chamber 6 is defined and sealed between thepunch 3 and the lower portion of the material blank 1. With further descent of thepunch 3 the fluid insidecavity 10 is pressurised. In other words, the fluid is sealed by afirst seal 7 at the contact surface between material 1 andpunch 3, asecond seal 8 at the insertion surface between die 2 andpunch 3, and a third seal 9 at the insertion surface between die 2 and the lower end of material blank 1. - The seal 9 must completely seal to prevent leakage of fluid from the
fluid pressure chamber 6 to the portion of thedie 2 containing theteeth 2a. If the pressurized fluid fromfluid pressure chamber 6 penetrates intoteeth 2a, the presence of the material 1 may produce partial depressions inteeth 5a of molded product 5. This would prevent achieving the desired shape. - The
seal 7 may have some leakage without producing any problems. In the present arrangement, becauseteeth 2a are a helical gear, while molding, material 1 rotates with respect topunch 3. Aspunch 3 advances, a film of fluid penetrates between theteeth 2a and theteeth 5a being formed. The resulting lubrication reduces the frictional force that accompanies this rotation. - With the
seal 8, the pressurized fluid must be actively released. If the fluid pressure in thefluid pressure chamber 6 rises without limit, problems such as rupture of members such as die 2 and the like can occur. However, if a large amount of fluid influid pressure chamber 6 leaks fromseal 8, material 1 expands radially. This can cause problems such an incomplete molding action of the material blank 1. Taking these points into account, it is necessary to determine the clearance for the restriction ofseal 8. In this way, theseal 8 acts as a pressure relief valve. - As described above, the clearance of
seal 8 is determined so that an optimal fluid pressure in thefluid pressure chamber 6 is achieved. - Referring to Figure 1(C), while the fluid pressure from
fluid pressure chamber 6 is applied to the material blank 1, the material blank 1 is pushed bypunch 3 to become molded into the molded product 5. In this situation, because the fluid influid pressure chamber 6 is disposed between thedie 2 and the material blank 1, frictional forces between the die and the blank material are not generated. Therefore, the material blank 1 is molded with only the molding pressure that is needed for molding. In the present arrangement, becauseteeth 2a ofdie 2 form a helical gear, the material blank 1 is rotated while being pushed intodie 2. However, due to the action of the above fluid, frictional resistance associated with the rotation is not generated. - Referring to Figure 1(D), the molded product 5 inside
die 2 is impelled from below by a knockout device (not shown) and is removed from above thedie 2. In other words, the molded product is lifted to the top ofdie 2 by a rotatable lifting member (not shown). - In the present arrangement, a tiered material blank is used, but the present invention can be used for a straight or constant diameter material blank as well. Although there is a throughbore in the center of the molded product, the present invention does not require a throughbore to be provided. In the present arrangement, the molded product is a helical gear, but the present invention can be used for molded parts with super gears or with no gears as well.
- According to the present invention, because there is no associated frictional force, the load needed for molding is reduced. As a result, the stress on the die is reduced, and product precision is improved. There are advantages such as having a die with a long life and conserving energy. Furthermore, even if there is a space between the die and the material blank, there is no deformation of the material blank and extrusion of tiered material blanks becomes possible. As a result, the cross-section reduction rate for the extrusion is small, and the molding load is further reduced.
- The fluid pressure in
fluid pressure chamber 6 is controlled by the clearance ofseal 8. As a result, control is easy and stable. In this regard, the method of the present invention permits molding of parts that have heretofore been considered difficult to process. - Having described preferred arrangements of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to those precise arrangements, and that the various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
- A pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method comprising:placing a material blank (1) to be molded in a die (2);sealing a fluid in an area between said die (2) and an end of said material blank (1) by a first seal (9) formed by contact between said material blank and said die (2) and forming a second seal (8) by contact between said die (2) and a punch (3), wherein said first seal (9) is a complete seal which prevents any leakage therepast of any of said fluid and said second seal (8) is an incomplete seal having a clearance between said die (2) and said punch (3) which permits leakage of said fluid therepast to control the pressure of said fluid;applying a fluid pressure to an outer perimeter surface of said material blank (1); andpushing said material blank (1) directly by said punch (3) into the said die (2) for molding, whereby said material blank (I) is molded into a desired shape.
- A pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method according to Claim 1, wherein the step of applying fluid pressure includes compressing and pressurizing said fluid by an action of said die (2) and said punch (3).
- A pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method according to Claim 2, wherein the step of applying fluid pressure includes adjusting said clearance to adjust said leakage to control the pressure of said fluid.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000173006A JP3707768B2 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2000-06-09 | Pressure control hydraulic extrusion method |
JP2000173006 | 2000-06-09 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1162014A2 EP1162014A2 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
EP1162014A3 EP1162014A3 (en) | 2002-07-24 |
EP1162014B1 true EP1162014B1 (en) | 2005-03-23 |
Family
ID=18675310
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01304835A Expired - Lifetime EP1162014B1 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2001-06-01 | Pressure controlled fluid pressure extrusion method |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20010049955A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1162014B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3707768B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2343685C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60109519T2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI622490B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 王正平 | Fine extru-cutting forming machine |
TWI722949B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-03-21 | 瑋瑩實業有限公司 | Twill molding die structure for riveting nut |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101449270B1 (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-10-10 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Method for manufacturing extruded helical gear having postprocess of extruded helical gear |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1111351A (en) * | 1964-07-31 | 1968-04-24 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to hydrostatic extrusion processes |
GB1215452A (en) * | 1967-02-02 | 1970-12-09 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to hydrostatic extrusion apparatus |
SE361270B (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1973-10-29 | Asea Ab | |
US3983730A (en) * | 1971-08-16 | 1976-10-05 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method of hydrostatic extrusion |
-
2000
- 2000-06-09 JP JP2000173006A patent/JP3707768B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-04-06 US US09/827,699 patent/US20010049955A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-11 CA CA002343685A patent/CA2343685C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-01 EP EP01304835A patent/EP1162014B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-01 DE DE60109519T patent/DE60109519T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI622490B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 王正平 | Fine extru-cutting forming machine |
TWI722949B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-03-21 | 瑋瑩實業有限公司 | Twill molding die structure for riveting nut |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20010049955A1 (en) | 2001-12-13 |
EP1162014A2 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
JP3707768B2 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
CA2343685C (en) | 2006-07-04 |
CA2343685A1 (en) | 2001-12-09 |
JP2001347336A (en) | 2001-12-18 |
EP1162014A3 (en) | 2002-07-24 |
DE60109519D1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
DE60109519T2 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
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