EP1160367B1 - Fasermatte mit erhöhtem Hohlraumindex aus thermoplastischen Filamenten niedriger Dichte, Vorrichtung und Verfahren - Google Patents

Fasermatte mit erhöhtem Hohlraumindex aus thermoplastischen Filamenten niedriger Dichte, Vorrichtung und Verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1160367B1
EP1160367B1 EP01201819A EP01201819A EP1160367B1 EP 1160367 B1 EP1160367 B1 EP 1160367B1 EP 01201819 A EP01201819 A EP 01201819A EP 01201819 A EP01201819 A EP 01201819A EP 1160367 B1 EP1160367 B1 EP 1160367B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
matting
filaments
velocity
projections
filament
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Revoked
Application number
EP01201819A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1160367A2 (de
EP1160367A3 (de
Inventor
Andrea c/o Italdreni S.R.L. Siniscalco
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Officine Maccaferri SpA
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Greenvision Ambiente SpA
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Priority to SI200130482T priority Critical patent/SI1160367T1/sl
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Publication of EP1160367A3 publication Critical patent/EP1160367A3/de
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/07—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments otherwise than in a plane, e.g. in a tubular way
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion

Definitions

  • This invention relates to flexible panels or matting consisting of a plurality of entangled thermoplastic polymer filaments partly bonded together at their points of contact.
  • Such matting can be produced by two different processes, namely a so-called wet process and a so-called dry process, which give rise to products of different geometry and different mechanical characteristics.
  • non-stretched monofilament matting is obtained of virtually parallelepiped shape with flat sides, whereas with the so-called dry process the matting can present at least one profiled surface, for example with protuberances.
  • the surface profiling is obtained by dropping the filaments onto a surface provided with projections, for example a rotating cylindrical surface, or a translating web presenting a plurality of geometrical projections.
  • matting is obtained with mechanical characteristics substantially better than those of matting obtained by the wet process, and moreover the presence of said protuberances in the final product is useful in all those applications in which the purpose of the matting is substantially to retain a material, such as soil or polymer foam, which lies above it or is partially embedded in it.
  • matting obtained by the dry process is currently used presenting at least one profiled surface, it being generally positioned on inclined ground and then covered with soil.
  • a first drawback lies in the fact that the known products have a poor capacity for copenetration by cultivatable soil, because of the fact that said projections are partially impermeable to soil passage.
  • the product presents practically empty spaces below each protuberance.
  • air cells are created within said spaces which are deleterious to the development of the root system of the grass layer, the roots of which become dry and die on contact with the air.
  • An object of the present patent is to overcome the said drawbacks within the framework of a reliable low-cost solution.
  • a flexible matting of low density and high voids index the surface of which comprises a plurality of close-apart protuberances, said protuberances being hollow and provided with at least one open side in such a manner as to define a pocket or chamber to receive the material, such as soil, with which the matting is covered when installed.
  • Said matting is obtained by a dry process of the aforesaid type, using as the filament reception surface a translating surface provided with projections.
  • said projections present at least one portion inclined to the direction of movement of the surface at the moment of impact by the filament.
  • Said inclined portion is preferably flat, its inclination to the direction of movement being defined by the angle ⁇ subtended between the surface and the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement.
  • the angle ⁇ is that subtended between the tangential plane at the point considered and said perpendicular direction.
  • the translating surface carrying the projections is preferably a rotating cylindrical surface.
  • an angle ⁇ is defined subtended in the anticlockwise direction between the diametrical horizontal plane of the cylinder and the diametrical plane passing through the point of impact of the filaments.
  • the filament falling velocity is indicated by V C and the translation velocity of the surface and relative projections is indicated by V P .
  • the vector V R which expresses the relative velocity of the vertically falling filament to said inclined portion must be directed against said inclined portion with a positive angle of incidence close to zero or with a negative angle of incidence.
  • the described embodiment relates to a cylindrical translating surface provided with square-based pyramidal projections the walls of which constitute inclined portions of the translating surface, but is also suitable for a flat translating surface for which the angle ⁇ is considered equal to zero.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the product of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of the production plant of the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a first schematic configuration of the plant of the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a second possible configuration of the production plant of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of diagrams showing the velocities of the filaments and of the translating surface of Figure 3 and Figure 4 for various values of the angle ⁇ .
  • Figure 6 shows a further possible configuration of the plant of the invention.
  • Figures 1 to 4 show the matting 1, the surface of which consists of a plurality of protuberances 2, aligned along several parallel rows and inclined at an angle of between 30° and 45° to the sides of the matting.
  • said protuberances 2 arc hollow and present an open side defining a chamber 3 for receiving the material with which the matting is generally covered when installed.
  • the matting 1 is produced by the plant 4 shown in Figure 2, comprising a die 5 provided with a plurality of holes aligned along several parallel rows, through which the filaments of thermoplastic material are extruded.
  • the thermoplastic material is fed to the die via a usual extruder, not shown, at a temperature of between 160°C and 270°C.
  • Said extruder is fed in its turn by a usual hopper, not shown as it is of known type.
  • the theoretical filament extrusion velocity is between 10 and 15 m/min, and preferably about 12 m/min.
  • V C of the filament is from 1 to 1.5 times greater because of the stretching of the filament and the consequent reduction in its cross-section.
  • a rotating cylinder 8 having its axis parallel to the rows of holes in the die, and presenting on its outer surface a plurality of square-based right pyramids 9 of height preferably between 20 and 50 mm.
  • the pyramids are disposed in mutually aligned rows in the manner of a helix of predetermined inclination, preferably of between 30° and 45° to the horizontal axis of the cylinder 8.
  • the vertical falling velocity V C of the filaments must be regulated, relative to the translation velocity V P of the inclined wall of the pyramids, such that the vectorial difference between the two is a vector V R having a direction and sense such as not to encounter the wall.
  • the actual falling velocity V C of the filament has been assumed to be 20 m/min, and the modulus of the velocity V P to be 4 m/min.
  • V R is substantially parallel to the front face of the pyramid in the direction of motion, which means that said face does not encounter the falling filaments, and is hence substantially open.
  • V C In order for one of these walls, and in this case the rear wall, to be open, V C must be decreased or V P increased; the graph shows with dashed lines that vector V' R starting from which the wall begins to remain open. For this, the value of Vp is 6 m/min.
  • V C is perpendicular to V P
  • the relationship between the modules which has to be respected is the following: V C ⁇ V P [ cos ⁇ / sin ⁇ ] i.e. V C ⁇ V P . cotan ⁇
  • ⁇ 180°
  • the front and rear walls in the direction of movement are always empty.
  • the matting 1 of the invention can also be obtained by replacing the cylinder 8 with a translating surface on which there are disposed a plurality of pyramids 9, or projections of any type provided they are suitable for the purpose.
  • said translating surface is preferably inclined to the horizontal plane by an angle of between 0° and ⁇ °, to facilitate the phenomenon.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Passenger Equipment (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Fasermatte (1) aus verflochtenen und verwickelten Fäden aus thermoplastischem Werkstoff mit niedriger Dichte, wobei die Fasermatte (1) einen hohen Hohlraumindex und eine Vielzahl von in mehreren parallelen Reihen angeordneten, hohlen Höckern (2) aufweist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Teil der Höcker (2) mindestens einen offenen Abschnitt aufweist, der durch nicht verflochtene Fäden festgelegt ist, um eine Kammer zur Aufnahme des Werkstoffes zu schaffen, mit dem die Fasermatte (1) bedeckt werden soll.
  2. Fasermatte (1) nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Höcker (2) ohne ihre untere Basis ausgebildet sind.
  3. Fasermatte (1) nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hohlen Höcker (2) aneinander entlang in aneinander angrenzenden, parallelen Reihen positioniert sind.
  4. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von verwickelter Monofilamentfasermatte (1), die mit Höckern (2) versehen ist, die mindestens einen Abschnitt aufweisen, der nicht von den Fäden belegt ist, nach Anspruch 1, die eine Matrize (5) mit Vertikalachse, um parallele Anordnungen der Fäden zu extrudieren, einen sich drehenden Zylinder (8), unter der Matrize (5) positionierten, dessen Achse horizontal und parallel zu den Anordnungen verläuft, und eine Reihe von regelmäßig auf dem Zylinder (8) angeordneten Vorsprüngen aufweist, die mindestens einen Abschnitt aufweisen, der zum Zeitpunkt des Auftreffens des Fadens in die Bewegungsrichtung der Oberfläche geneigt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand zwischen der Zylinderachse und der mittleren Vertikalebene, in welche die Fäden fallen, so ausgewählt ist, dass der Vektor VR, der aus der Differenz zwischen dem Vektor VC, nämlich der Geschwindigkeit des vertikalen Falles des Fadens, und dem Vektor VP, nämlich der Translationsgeschwindigkeit des geneigten Abschnittes, resultiert, den geneigten Abschnitt in einem Winkel gleich Null oder in einem negativen Winkel so schneidet, dass der geneigte Abschnitt nicht auf die fallenden Fäden trifft.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Vorsprünge in zueinander ausgerichteten Reihen in der Art einer Spirale angeordnet sind.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Spirale, entlang welcher die Vorsprünge angeordnet sind, eine Neigung zwischen 30° und 45° zu der Zylinderachse aufweist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Vorsprünge reguläre bzw. gerade Pyramiden (9) sind.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Basis der Pyramiden (9) quadratisch ist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Basen der Pyramiden (9) mindestens eine Seite gemeinsam mit den angrenzenden Pyramiden (9) aufweisen.
  10. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Fasermatte (1) aus verflochtenen und verwickelten Fäden aus thermoplastischem Werkstoff mit niedriger Dichte nach Anspruch 1, welches die Schritte des Extrudierens eines thermoplastischen Werkstoffes durch die Matrize (5) und das Sammeln der vertikal fallenden, extrudierten Fäden auf einer sich verschiebenden Oberfläche umfasst, die mit einer Vielzahl von profilierten Vorsprüngen versehen ist, die mindestens einen Abschnitt aufweisen, der zum Zeitpunkt des Auftreffens des Fadens in die Bewegungsrichtung der Oberfläche geneigt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vektor VR, der die relative Geschwindigkeit des vertikal fallenden Fadens ausdrückt, die aus der Differenz zwischen dem Vektor VC, nämlich der Geschwindigkeit des vertikalen Falles des Fadens, und dem Vektor Vp, nämlich der Translationsgeschwindigkeit des geneigten Abschnittes, zu dem geneigten Abschnitt resultiert, gegen den geneigten Abschnitt in einem Winkel gleich Null oder in einem negativen Winkel so ausgerichtet wird, dass der geneigte Abschnitt nicht auf die fallenden Fäden trifft.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die sich verschiebende Oberfläche ein flaches Förderband ist, auf dem eine Vielzahl von regulären bzw. geraden pyramidalen Vorsprüngen angeordnet ist.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Translationsgeschwindigkeit VP des Bandes mit der vertikalen Fallgeschwindigkeit VC des Fadens durch das folgende Verhältnis in Verbindung steht: V C ≤ V P [ cosα / sinα ]
    Figure imgb0007
    wobei α der Halbwinkel am Scheitelpunkt der Pyramiden ist.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Band vorzugsweise in einem Winkel zwischen 0° und α° zu der Horizontalebene geneigt ist.
EP01201819A 2000-05-29 2001-05-15 Fasermatte mit erhöhtem Hohlraumindex aus thermoplastischen Filamenten niedriger Dichte, Vorrichtung und Verfahren Revoked EP1160367B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200130482T SI1160367T1 (sl) 2000-05-29 2001-05-15 Vlakninska netkana tkanina s povisanim votlinskimindeksom iz termoplasticnih filamentov nizje gostote, priprava in postopek

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITRE000060 2000-05-29
IT2000RE000060A IT1319160B1 (it) 2000-05-29 2000-05-29 Materassino in materiale termoplastico a bassa densita' ed alto indicedi vuoti, dispositivo e procedimento per la sua produzione.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1160367A2 EP1160367A2 (de) 2001-12-05
EP1160367A3 EP1160367A3 (de) 2002-10-30
EP1160367B1 true EP1160367B1 (de) 2006-02-15

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EP01201819A Revoked EP1160367B1 (de) 2000-05-29 2001-05-15 Fasermatte mit erhöhtem Hohlraumindex aus thermoplastischen Filamenten niedriger Dichte, Vorrichtung und Verfahren

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1160367B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE317923T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60117218T2 (de)
DK (1) DK1160367T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2256153T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1319160B1 (de)
PT (1) PT1160367E (de)
SI (1) SI1160367T1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110250378A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2011-10-13 Eaton Bradley W Patterned spunbond fibrous webs and methods of making and using the same
JP6054865B2 (ja) 2010-07-07 2016-12-27 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー パターン付きエアレイド不織布繊維ウェブ、並びにこれらの製造及び使用方法
DK3802107T3 (da) * 2018-05-24 2024-04-02 Maccaferri Off Spa Geokomposit og fremgangsmåde til fremstillingen deraf
IT201800005668A1 (it) * 2018-05-24 2019-11-24 Geocomposito, nonché procedimento per la sua fabbricazione
BR112021001335B1 (pt) 2018-07-25 2024-03-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc Método para fazer um substrato absorvente não tecido tridimensional (3d)
DE102018123477A1 (de) * 2018-09-24 2020-03-26 Geobrugg Ag Schutzvorrichtung, Böschungssicherung sowie Verwendung und Verfahren zu einer Herstellung der Schutzvorrichtung
WO2026022665A1 (en) 2024-07-22 2026-01-29 Officine Maccaferri S.P.A. Multi-directional drainage geocomposite

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4351683A (en) * 1967-10-19 1982-09-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of forming web material
DE2530499C3 (de) * 1975-07-09 1978-05-24 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Mattenbahn und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US4212692A (en) * 1977-05-06 1980-07-15 Akzona Incorporated Matting article with process and apparatus for its production
IT1245428B (it) * 1991-02-28 1994-09-20 Italdreni Srl Procedimento per fabbricare feltri a partire da filamenti termofusi

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE317923T1 (de) 2006-03-15
IT1319160B1 (it) 2003-09-26
ITRE20000060A1 (it) 2001-11-29
DE60117218D1 (de) 2006-04-20
ES2256153T3 (es) 2006-07-16
SI1160367T1 (sl) 2006-04-30
DE60117218T2 (de) 2006-07-27
DK1160367T3 (da) 2006-06-19
PT1160367E (pt) 2006-05-31
EP1160367A2 (de) 2001-12-05
EP1160367A3 (de) 2002-10-30

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