EP1154076A1 - Soil sampler - Google Patents

Abstract

The soil sampler has a plug tube with chamber to accommodate a soil sample, which is defined in radial direction by a wall. The chamber is open in distal direction to receive a sample, and is closed by a transverse wall in proximal direction. The chamber has fluid channels, and a remote-control valve to close these. A free diabolo-shaped plug or piston is fitted tightly into the chamber and moves between transverse wall and distal tube area, to define a sealed fluid chamber.

Description

The invention relates to a soil sampler and to a Procedure for taking soil samples.

Soil samples are taken to the desired one using a plug-in tube Depth, which is attached by means of one at the upper end Vibrating drill pipe into the ground, screwing, hitting etc. until the desired depth is reached. The insertion tube is at the distal end (lower end) with a valve, like a cone, which at the Plug-in tube is coupled and a receiving space for the floor completes. To take up the soil sample, let in from above Tools, such as a gripper, down through the (hollow) drill pipe, which loosens the coupling between the valve and the tube. On it the drill pipe with the plug-in pipe pressed deeper into the ground, whereby, in that the bottom retains the valve with respect to the plug tube, the floor is made room in the recording room.

For the coupling / decoupling of the valve with the plug-in tube mechanical means such as balls, springs and pawls are used. The practice proves that the effect of it is quickly prevented by soil particles can be.

An object of the invention is to bring improvement here.

Another object of the invention is a soil sampler procure that is simple in structure and can work reliably, too on the duration.

To this end, the invention provides, from one aspect, a soil sampler, comprising a plug tube with a receiving space for receiving the Soil sample to be taken, with the receiving space in the radial direction is bounded by a wall, is open in the distal direction to let in is delimited from the ground in it and in the proximal direction by a transverse wall, with pipe means for introducing and discharging liquid to the Recording room and with means for locking the line means.

So for the retention of the floor during the desired initial height bringing an compressible from the end of the push tube Liquid body used. When the floor is embedded , you can simply use the liquid via the Allow piping agent to escape. Mechanical devices are then not necessary anymore. In the long run is a reliable effect insured.

If only when taking the soil sample through layers of cohesion needs to be plugged in, the liquid is without additional device stay in the recording room. However, if by one or more Layers of granular material must be inserted, is the recording room preferably completed until the initial height for plugging the soil sample is reached. For this purpose, according to the invention, that in the recording room a closely fitting one, between the Transverse wall and the distal area of the insertion tube, movable free Plug or piston is arranged, and wherein the transverse wall and the Plug or piston, if this is at a distance from the transverse wall, one Determine sealed chamber for liquid. The stopper or piston has the same function as the well-known cone, but is in itself freely movable within the recording room, without connecting means with the plug tube.

Preferably, the plug or plunger has a distal surface that is toward the The soil sampler meets the surface and preferably a conical one Distal surface if the consistency of one or more of the Bottom layers require a pointed end for penetration therein makes.

The plug or piston is preferably in with a cavity provided at least one of its axially directed surfaces. This will the contact pressure against the radial limitation of the receiving space and thus sealing against liquid and / or against passage of Soil material along the plug or piston improved.

Optimization of sealing against liquid leakage is achieved when the Plug or plunger in on the proximal side with a line contact Liquid-sealing attack with the wall surface of the recording room located.

A comparable measure can be taken on the distal side of the plug or Be taken piston to face ground leak.

In this context, it is preferable if the plug or Piston has a diabolo-like shape.

The line means preferably comprise one through the transverse wall Reaching liquid channel, with a remote valve to selectively Opening of the liquid channel is present. The valve is preferred a kickback that hits the distal end of the fluid channel is excited. It is also preferred if the valve has a valve body and a valve stem connected thereto, the valve stem through the liquid channel to the proximal side of the transverse wall and there is tensioned by means of a compression spring. The liquid channel is there preferably for the selective drainage of liquid from the receiving space set up. If the recording space is filled with liquid, will prevent the valve from escaping from it. If it - at depth - it is desired to let the liquid flow out, then this is used Valve, for example by the valve rod with a weight that has been set down indent so that the liquid from the receiving space can flow in accordance with the volume of the ground that has been collected.

Liquid can be removed and removed via the same channel. However, it is preferred that the conduit means be separate and lockable supply channel for liquid.

The feed channel also makes it possible to pull up after the Soil sampler to supply liquid to the receiving space to the express the soil sample in it.

The plug-in tube is preferably at the distal end with a core catcher provided to prevent material of a soil sample from non-cohesive Material leaks after the soil sample is inserted.

It may be desirable to package the soil sample. To do this according to the invention provided that means are available for at least radially enveloping those to be recorded in the receiving space Soil sample.

In one embodiment, the enveloping means comprise a sleeve or a Stocking, which is arranged in a developable manner at the distal end of the tube and with a closed end over the open distal end of the recording room is enough. The sleeve can then enter through the Bottom pulled and settled.

In the event of the plug or plunger being present, it may occur at the Preparation of the soil sampler can be beneficial if the stopper or piston is connected to the sleeve.

In an alternative embodiment there is a coating in the plug tube or a liner arranged to the inner surface of the tube Location of the recording room covered. This coating is already at the desired location before the soil sample is inserted. Prefers is that a between the coating and the tube Liquid seal is arranged to provide a possible leak path for the Complete liquid in the recording room.

The plug or piston is preferably located with the inner surface of the coating or liner.

In another aspect, the invention provides a method for Taking soil samples, using a stick tube with an open end, provides access to a soil sampling room with liquid is filled into the ground in this state until the The point where the soil sample must be taken is reached Liquid while pushing the plug tube deeper into the ground Opportunity is given to pour out, so that the desired floor enters the recording room.

From a further aspect, the invention therefore provides a method of of the kind just described, whereby the one filled with liquid Recording space to the outside with a liquid-sealing free Piston closes, when entering the floor, this the piston displaced inward by forcing the liquid.

In the known soil samplers you can after decoupling the Only take a cone sample from where it takes place. A or more of the preferred designs discussed above according to the Invention enables the recording space at any desired moment close again, so that liquid remains in it and it already ground so to speak, a closure at the distal end of the Plug tube forms.

From a further aspect, the invention provides that the recording room is only partially filled with soil, the liquid again prevents leakage, the plug tube continues into the ground forces until a distant, deeper point is reached, where floor is present, of which one also wishes to take a sample, and one then press the liquid under the deeper into the ground Steckrohrs again offers the opportunity to escape, so that there too the desired floor enters the recording room.

After the soil sampler has been pulled up, the recording space is filled preferably with press liquid, around the soil sample taken to force out the plug tube.

Figur 1 ein Längsdurchschnitt durch das untere Ende einer ersten Ausführung eines Probenehmers gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 1A ein Durchschnitt durch einen freien Kolben, wie in der Ausführung des Probenehmers gemäß Figur 1 benutzt;

Figur 2 ein Längsdurchschnitt durch das untere Ende einer zweiten Ausführung des Probenehmers gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 3 ein Längsdurchschnitt durch ein Teil einer dritten Ausführung des Probenehmers gemäß der Erfindung; und

Figur 4 ein Längsdurchschnitt durch eine Teil einer vierten Ausführung des Probenehmers gemäß der Erfindung.

The invention will be explained with reference to a number of exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It is shown in:

1 shows a longitudinal average through the lower end of a first embodiment of a sampler according to the invention;

Figure 1A is an average through a free piston as used in the sampler embodiment of Figure 1;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal average through the lower end of a second embodiment of the sampler according to the invention;

3 shows a longitudinal average through part of a third embodiment of the sampler according to the invention; and

Figure 4 is a longitudinal average through part of a fourth embodiment of the sampler according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a sampler 1 with a plug tube 2 stainless steel with a length of for example 1.5 meters and one on the lower end thereof screwed via screw connection 23 Cutting shoe 3 made of hardened metal with a sharp cutting angle. The cutting shoe 3 defines a passage 4 to the inside of the tube 2nd

In a manner not shown here, a core catcher 5 is on the Fixed inner surface of the cutting shoe 3, which is provided with lips 6, which can be bent radially outwards to ground in upwards Allow direction but move downward from this floor Prevent direction. These core catchers are well known and are especially used when a sand sample has to be taken.

The plug-in tube 2 forms a chamber 7, which is at the upper end of a wall 9 is limited. In the wall 9 there is a flap 10 which for Sealing touches the seat 12 and is provided with a valve rod 11, which is tensioned in the upward direction by means of spring 13, so that the flap 10 seals the passage 28 around the valve rod 11. The wall 9 is further provided with a channel 14 which extends from chamber 7 to the outside and is completed here by removable plug 15.

Over the wall 9 is the plug-in tube 2 with a thread 26 for connection provided with a drill pipe not shown.

The chamber 7 gives space to a free piston, for example is made of hard rubber, and shown in Figure 1A is. It can be seen that the piston 8 is a more or less diabolo-like Form has an uppermost peripheral edge 16 and a lowermost peripheral edge 17, and also on the top and bottom with Cavities 18 and 19 is provided.

The use of the sampler 1 with the plug-in tube 2 from FIG. 1 can be used take place as follows. The plug 15 is removed from the top of the floor and closing on channel 14 a source for non-compressible Liquid like water. This liquid flows into the under pressure Chamber 7, and the piston 8 to the distal end portion of the tube 2 move. If you have found that the piston 8 is sufficient is moved far to the distal end, including the channel 15 Stopper 15 off. In this situation, the chamber 7 is up through the Flap 10 and completed by the piston 8 down. Form of the piston 8, through the cavity 18 and through the linear Contact 16, prevents leakage of the liquid along the circumference of the Piston 8 down. The piston is caused by friction with the tube wall and by the influence of the closed, filled with water Chamber 7 held in place.

Then you bring the soil sampler 1 with the tube 2 and the cutting shoe 3 into the ground and you press it with the help of the drill pipe up to the top of the layer from which the soil sample is taken got to. Arrive there through the (hollow) drill pipe Weight or any other operating device (such as a bar) down to to push the end of the valve rod 13 down. You can go to Example think of a stone weighing 1 kg on one Twine if the soil sampler is screwed into the soil and the spring pressure of the flap does not have to be high. If vibrating, then the spring pressure can be, for example, 10 kg and is one Recommended rod. As a result of the downward movement of the valve rod 13 opens the flap 10 in the direction A and is further downward Movement of the sampler 1 up the piston 8 in direction B can move because the liquid from the chamber 7 through the wide Passage 28 for valve stem 13 to the cavity above wall 9 can flow away. So there is 1 space for via within the sampler made the passage 4 entering the floor.

When the piston 8 is forced upwards under the influence of the ground pressure provide the peripheral edge 17 with a linear contact and the Space 19 for no floor material along the piston 8 upwards can move.

If the piston 8 to the desired extent within the tube 2 after is moved up, the valve rod 13 is released again, and is the Chamber 7 closed again. You can then turn the sampler back on pull up, with the piston and the base column hanging underneath are secured against sagging. In the chamber 7 can negative pressure arise, which is an upward force against the bending of the Soil sample supplies.

In the case of non-cohesive material, such as coarse sand, the core catcher 5 procured further security.

After the soil sampler 1 is brought up on the soil surface, you can remove the plug 15 and water again press in to the piston 8 and thus the soil sample into the chamber 7 to force the distal end and (but not the butt) out there.

You can also take samples from soil layers in succession, which are at different depths. In that case, one becomes Example if the piston to half of the original chamber 7 has reached, rather pick up the weight of the valve rod 13 and then the Push the sampler 1 further down into the ground, the lower one End of the soil sample taken then the end face of the sampler 1 forms. The floor may be compressed to some extent but this can be expected when analyzing the soil sample become.

If, for example, you pushed into the ground after 2 meters be on top of the next layer, of which a sample must be taken, you can put the weight on the valve rod again 13 to open and open the flap 10 Pushing in sample 1, take the next (partial) sample. Doing so acted in the same way. In the end you can see them up here discussed the sampler 1 after removal of all pull the desired soil samples back up.

FIG. 2 shows the manner in which the sampler 1 also works a pointed shape can be given if that is for penetration into the concerned floor is necessary. On the lower surface of the piston 8 is for this purpose a hard rubber cone 20 with a tip 21 is arranged. This cone can a separate (possibly glued) lower part with regard to the Form piston 8 to be used only when the relevant one Soil that requires. The effect of this version is further the same as of Figure 1, it being noted that in the Sampling naturally takes into account the volume of the cone 20 must become.

FIG. 3 shows a sampler according to the invention, wherein the soil sample directly in a so-called stocking or a sleeve is packed. For this purpose, the shoe 3 is extended in the proximal direction this forms an annular chamber 27 with the extended plug-in tube 2. In this chamber is one end of the permeable card that has been rolled up there Nylon sleeve 21 set, so the ring chamber so in a supply 21 the sleeve 21 offers space. The sleeve 21 extends downward and extends around the lower end of the tube 2 inwards and upwards to be closed at the other end. Possibly the end of the Sleeve 22 be fixed in place on the piston 8.

When the flap 10 is opened and the sampler 1 in the If the bottom is forced down, it will be in the space under the piston 8 entering the floor move the piston 8 and at the same time the end the sleeve 21 with move up, the sleeve from the in Annular chamber 27 can handle stored stock 21 until the desired test length is reached. After pulling up the sampler you can after unscrewing the cutting shoe 3 the attack the section of the sleeve located on the outside of the plug-in tube 2, to make a sleeve seal there.

In Figure 4 the list is shown, a so-called stiffer Liner or quiver 24 is used, which liner is also used for packaging a soil sample is used. The - possibly transparent - liner 24 is recorded in the plug-in tube 2 and forms a radial limitation of the Chamber 7. The piston 8 moves inside the liner to the same Way as in the embodiment of Figure 1 is the case. Between the Cutting shoe 3 and the liner 24 with a flange 26 are the core catchers 5 set. To escape liquid 7 via the top of the Liners 24 and along the outer surface of the liner 24 and the inner surface to prevent the insertion tube 2, is at the bottom of the Outer surface of the liner 24 and the plug tube 2 or the Sectional shoe 3 a sealing O-ring 25 is arranged. This can the liners are thin-walled and have a continuous profile with no obstructions to have.

Claims (26)

Soil sampler comprising a plug pipe with a receiving space for receiving the soil sample to be taken, the receiving space in Radial direction is limited by a wall, is open to the distal direction Let the floor in and proximally from a bulkhead is limited, with pipe means for introducing and discharging liquid to the recording room and with means for locking the line means. Soil sampler according to claim 1, wherein in the receiving space a closely fitting one between the transverse wall and the distal area the plug tube movable free plug or piston is arranged, and taking the bulkhead and the plug or piston if these are spaced the transverse wall, determine a sealed chamber for liquid. Soil sampler according to claim 2, wherein the plug or piston has a distal surface that corresponds to the soil sampler's meeting surface heard. Soil sampler according to claim 3, wherein the plug or piston has a conical distal surface. Soil sampler according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein the plug or piston with a cavity in at least one of its axially directed Surfaces is provided. Soil sampler according to claim 5, wherein the proximal area of the Plug or piston is provided with a cavity. Soil sampler according to any one of claims 2-6, wherein the plug or piston itself on the proximal side with a line contact in liquid-sealing Attack with the wall surface of the recording room located. Soil sampler according to claim 7, wherein the plug or piston has a diabolo-like shape. Soil sampler according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the conduit means a liquid channel extending through the transverse wall comprise, wherein a remote valve for selectively opening the liquid channel is available. A soil sampler according to claim 9, wherein the valve is a check valve which is stretched against the distal end of the fluid channel is. A soil sampler according to claim 10, wherein the valve is a valve body and a valve stem connected thereto, the valve stem through the liquid channel to the proximal side of the transverse wall and because it is tensioned by means of a compression spring. Soil sampler according to claim 9, 10 or 11, wherein the liquid channel for the selective drainage of liquid from the receiving space is set up. Soil sampler according to claim 12, wherein the conduit means a separate and lockable supply channel for liquid include. Soil sampler according to one of the preceding claims, the plug-in tube is provided with a core catcher at the distal end. Soil sampler according to one of the preceding claims, further with means for at least radially enveloping the in the receiving space Provide soil sample to be recorded. A soil sampler according to claim 15, wherein the coating means comprise a sleeve or stocking which is developable is arranged at the distal end of the plug-in tube and with a closed End extends over the open distal end of the recording room. Soil sampler according to one of claims 2-14 in combination of claim 16, wherein the plug or piston is connected to the sleeve is. Soil sampler according to claim 15, wherein in the tube a Coating or a liner is arranged which the inner surface of the Plug tube covered in place of the recording room. Soil sampler according to claim 18, wherein between the coating and a liquid seal is arranged on the plug-in tube. Soil sampler according to any one of claims 2-14, in combination of claim 18 or 19, wherein the plug or piston with the inner surface the coating or the liner is attacked. Method for taking soil samples, using a plug-in tube an open end, access to a recording room for the Soil sample provides, filled with liquid, in this state in the Soil is forced until the point from where the soil sample is reached must be taken of the liquid while deeper the ground Pushing in the tube is given the opportunity to escape, so that the desired floor enters the recording room. A method according to claim 21, wherein the liquid filled receiving space to the outside with a liquid-sealing free piston closes, when entering the floor, this the The piston is displaced inward under the force of the liquid. A method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the receiving space only partially fill with soil, the liquid prevents again emanating, pushing the tube further into the ground until one distant lower point is reached, where there is soil, of which you also want to take a sample and then take the liquid under the deeper pushing the bottom of the tube back in Opportunity to pour out, so that the desired floor there too enters the recording room. A method according to claim 21, 22 or 23, wherein after the Soil sampler is pulled up, one with the recording room Press liquid fills to take the soil sample taken from the plug-in tube to force. Soil sampler with one or more of those included in the Description circumscribed and / or in the accompanying drawings provided characteristic measures provided. Method comprising one or more of those in the attached Description circumscribed and / or in the accompanying drawings characteristic steps shown.

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