EP1153145A1 - Steel band with good forming properties and method for producing same - Google Patents

Steel band with good forming properties and method for producing same

Info

Publication number
EP1153145A1
EP1153145A1 EP99964650A EP99964650A EP1153145A1 EP 1153145 A1 EP1153145 A1 EP 1153145A1 EP 99964650 A EP99964650 A EP 99964650A EP 99964650 A EP99964650 A EP 99964650A EP 1153145 A1 EP1153145 A1 EP 1153145A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
annealing
rolling
hot
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99964650A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Karlfried Pfeifenbring
Andrew E. Munera
Ferdinand Schmidt
Rob Van Der Mije
Jaap Neeft
Uwe SCHÖLICH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hille and Muller GmbH
Original Assignee
Hille and Muller GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hille and Muller GmbH filed Critical Hille and Muller GmbH
Priority to EP02012152A priority Critical patent/EP1253209A3/en
Publication of EP1153145A1 publication Critical patent/EP1153145A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • C21D8/0478—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing involving a particular surface treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0426—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0436—Cold rolling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
    • Y10T428/12917—Next to Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12924—Fe-base has 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]

Definitions

  • the invention first relates to a process for the production of steel strip for parts produced by deep drawing or ironing, in which a hot strip is cold-formed in one or more stages and with a degree of cold rolling of at least 86 °, at least one side of the strip material having an electroplated coating containing Ni, Co, Cu, Fe, Sn, In, Pd, Bi and / or their alloys or with a roll-plated coating containing Cu and / or brass and / or their alloys.
  • Cold rolled steel strip is often used for the production of rotationally symmetrically cold formed parts such as. B. battery sleeves used.
  • the processes used in cold forming are deep drawing on the one hand and ironing on the other hand, the latter also being referred to as the DI process (drawing and ironing).
  • DE-195 47 181 C1 describes a steel with proportions of titanium, vanadium or niobium, a type of mixed grain being achieved due to certain hot rolling conditions below the gamma range of the iron-carbon diagram and due to a high coiling temperature in the hot strip. At degrees of roll between 50 and 85%, this mixed grain leads to a reduced tip tendency, but also to the formation of coarse, line-shaped cementite, which leads to undesirable structures on the surface of the strip when deep-drawing thin parts with high surface demands and thus in practice to a scrap.
  • the hot strip preferably contains boron in a proportion between 0.0013 and 0.0060% by weight, the weight ratio of boron to nitrogen being 0.5 to 2.5. A boron fraction between 0.0013 and 0.0030% by weight is particularly desirable.
  • the hot rolling is preferably carried out with a roll temperature of over 870 ° C and a coiling temperature of below 710 ° C.
  • the value of the vertical anisotropy ⁇ r of the strip after the coil annealing should not be more than +/- 0.12.
  • the invention proposes a steel strip capable of deep drawing or ironing, which is produced according to a method according to at least one of the method claims.
  • the starting material is a hot strip with an initial thickness of 1.2 to 8 mm, preferably 2.0 to 2.5 mm.
  • the steel analysis of the hot strip used is as follows:
  • the steel composition is as follows:
  • the strip is hot-rolled with a final roll temperature of over 870 ° C and a coiling temperature of below 710 ° C, in order to ensure a particularly even structure of the steel strip.
  • the limit values for the yield strength between the edge and the center of the strip vary by less than 15 N / mm 2 .
  • the required hot rolling forces increase significantly. With boron contents below 0.0060% by weight, on the other hand, moderate hot rolling forces can be used. This also means that the thickness tolerance across the width of the strip is reduced due to the then significantly lower roll deflection.
  • the hot rolled strip is then pickled and then subjected to one or two-stage cold rolling.
  • the degree of cold rolling is 86% or more.
  • the starting material with a thickness of 1.2 to 8 mm can be cold rolled in this way to a final thickness of 0.1 to 1.0 mm.
  • Cold rolling is followed by recrystallization annealing in the coil, i.e. annealing the strip in the wound state.
  • recrystallization annealing comes very close in effect to normalizing, as is usually carried out in continuous furnaces with stretched strip.
  • the strip is further rolled in order to improve its surface and adjust the mechanical-technological values.
  • the steel strip is provided with an electroplated coating on at least one of its two surfaces.
  • the electrolytic finishing can follow the first or also the second stage of cold rolling, whereupon the annealing in the coil and the subsequent rolling of the strip then take place in further steps.
  • An additional annealing stage between the two cold rolling stages is also possible.
  • the coating can also be applied to the at least one side of the steel strip by roll cladding of metal foils.
  • the steel strip After hot rolling and pickling the steel strip, it is first roll-clad and then annealed in the coil. Possibly. The annealing in the coil can be followed by another cold rolling and a second annealing in the coil before the strip is finally subjected to the re-rolling process to improve the surface.
  • the strip which is finished electrolytically or by roll cladding, can additionally be provided with non-metallic or galvanic coatings in order to achieve special effects and properties.
  • the thickness of the entire galvanic coating on one or both sides of the steel strip should be 0.1 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m.
  • the sum of the one-sided or two-sided layers of plated metal can be up to 50% of the total thickness of the strip.
  • the parameters are set during the cold rolling so that, following the simple annealing in the coil, a vertical ansiotropy ⁇ r of max. +/- 0.12 results in a relative tip height of max. Corresponds to 2.5%. This also results in a round grain structure made of globular grain which is advantageous for later deep drawing or ironing.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing band-shaped steel for components which are produced by drawing and ironing. The invention also relates to a steel band which can be drawn or ironed and which has been produced by the inventive method. The hot strip is cold-worked in one or more steps at a ratio of the cold roll of at least 86 %. Furthermore, at least one side of the band material is provided with a galvanically produced coating containing Ni, Co, Cu, Fe, Sn, In, Pd, Bi and/or the alloys thereof or with a roll-bonded coating containing Cu and/or brass and/or the alloys thereof. The aim of the invention is to carry out the inventive method with the fewest processing steps possible and with low production costs. The method therefore comprises the steps: etching, cold rolling in one or two steps, annealing the coiled band (coil-annealing), optionally rerolling the band. The hot strip preferably contains boron with a percentile of 0.0013 and 0.0060 percent by weight, whereby the weight ratio of boron to nitrogen amounts to 0.5 to 2.5.

Description

Stahlband mit guten Umformeiαenschaften sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben Steel strip with good forming properties and method for producing the same
Die Erfindung betrifft zunächst ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahlband für durch Tiefziehen oder Abstreckziehen hergestellte Teile, bei dem ein Warmband ein- oder mehrstufig und mit einem Kaltwalzgrad von mindestens 86° kalt verformt wird, wobei zumindest die eine Seite des Bandmaterials mit einem galvanisch hergestellten Überzug enthaltend Ni, Co, Cu, Fe, Sn, In, Pd, Bi und/oder deren Legierungen oder mit einem walzplattierten Überzug, enthaltend Cu und/oder Messing und/oder deren Legierungen versehen wird.The invention first relates to a process for the production of steel strip for parts produced by deep drawing or ironing, in which a hot strip is cold-formed in one or more stages and with a degree of cold rolling of at least 86 °, at least one side of the strip material having an electroplated coating containing Ni, Co, Cu, Fe, Sn, In, Pd, Bi and / or their alloys or with a roll-plated coating containing Cu and / or brass and / or their alloys.
Kaltgewalztes Stahlband wird vielfach zur Herstellung von rotationssymmetrisch kalt umgeformten Teilen wie z. B. Batteriehülsen verwendet. Die bei der Kaltumformung angewandten Verfahren sind einerseits das Tiefziehen und andererseits das Abstreckziehen, wobei letzteres auch als Dl-Verfahren (drawing and ironing) bezeichnet wird.Cold rolled steel strip is often used for the production of rotationally symmetrically cold formed parts such as. B. battery sleeves used. The processes used in cold forming are deep drawing on the one hand and ironing on the other hand, the latter also being referred to as the DI process (drawing and ironing).
Angesichts der steigenden Anforderungen an die Anwendungs- und Gebrauchseigenschaften derartiger Bandstähle werden zunehmend bessere mechanische Eigenschaften und insbesondere verbesserte Umformeigenschaften gefordert. Eine gute Umformbarkeit zeichnet sich durch möglichst hohe, die Tiefziehbarkeit kennzeichnende r-Werte für die Ansiotropie aus sowie hohe, die Streckziehbarkeit kennzeichnende n-Werte sowie hohe Dehnungswerte. Von Vorteil kann es auch sein, daß die Umformeigenschaften in den verschiedenen Richtungen, d. h. in Längsrichtung, Querrichtung und Diagonalrichtung, möglichst gleich und damit weitgehend isotrop sind. Die Vorteile isotroper Eigenschaften des Stahlblechs drücken sich im wesentlichen in einer Gleichmäßigkeit des Stoffflusses beim Tiefziehen bzw. Abstreckziehen aus, so daß es zu keiner oder nur einer geringen Zipfelbildung kommt, was wiederum zu einer Reduzierung des Blechverschnittes führt.In view of the increasing demands on the application and usage properties of such strip steels, increasingly better mechanical properties and in particular improved forming properties are required. Good formability is characterized by the highest possible r-values for the anisotropy, which characterize the deep-drawability, and high n-values, which characterize the stretchability, and high elongation values. It can also be advantageous that the forming properties in the different directions, ie in the longitudinal direction, transverse direction and diagonal direction, are as identical as possible and thus largely isotropic. The advantages of isotropic properties of the steel sheet express themselves essentially in a uniformity of the material flow during deep drawing or ironing, so that there is no or only a slight formation of lobes, which in turn leads to a reduction in the sheet metal waste.
Zur Erzielung eines annähernd isotropen Umformens wird zudem ein Stahlblech mit geringen Dickentoleranzen in einem möglichst texturfreien und homogen gewalzten Band oder Blech benötigt.In order to achieve an almost isotropic forming, a steel sheet with small thickness tolerances is also required in a strip or sheet that is rolled as homogeneously as possible without texture.
Die unerwünschte Zipfelbildung und deren Ursachen sind eingehend in der Zeitschrift „Blech, Rohre, Profile" 9/1977 auf den Seiten 341 bis 346 erläutert. Beschrieben ist dort auch, daß sich ein zipfelfreies Material üblicherweise nur durch Normalisierungsglühen in einem Durchlaufglühofen bei Temperaturen um etwa 1000°C erreichen läßt. Der Betrieb eines Durchlaufofens bei diesen hohen Temperaturen ist jedoch mit hohen Investitions- und Betriebskosten verbunden.The undesired tip formation and its causes are explained in detail in the magazine "Blech, Rohr, Profile" 9/1977 on pages 341 to 346. It is also described there that a tip-free material is usually only by normalization annealing in a continuous annealing furnace at temperatures around 1000 ° C. The operation of a continuous furnace at these high temperatures is associated with high investment and operating costs.
Aus der DE-38 03 064 C1 ist es bekannt, bei Rundkornstählen niedrige Werte für die Anisotropie und damit eine geringe Zipfelneigung dadurch zu erreichen, daß der Stahl einen erhöhten Titangehalt von bis zu 0,04 Gew.- % bei einem Kaltwalzgrad von über 80% enthält. Mit solch hohen Abwalzgraden werden jedoch Grenzwerte für die Streckgrenze des Stahls von weit über 250 N/mm2 erreicht. Des weiteren sind die durch Zugabe von Titan stabilisierten Stähle dafür bekannt, hohe Rekristallisationstemperaturen zu erfordern, was, würde man ein solches Stahlband in aufgewickeltem Zustand glühen (Coil-Glühen), zu einer deutlichen Klebeneigung der einzelnen Bandschichten führen würde. Die damit einhergehenden Beschädigungen an der Oberfläche des Bandes sind jedoch bei hochwertigen Produkten unerwünscht bzw. würden bei diesen zu einer hohen Ausfallrate führen.From DE-38 03 064 C1 it is known to achieve low values for the anisotropy and thus a low tip tendency in the case of round-grain steels in that the steel has an increased titanium content of up to 0.04% by weight with a degree of cold rolling of over 80 % contains. With such high rolling degrees, however, limit values for the yield strength of the steel of well over 250 N / mm 2 are reached. Furthermore, the steels stabilized by the addition of titanium are known to require high recrystallization temperatures, which, if such a steel strip was annealed in the wound state (coil annealing), would lead to a marked tendency of the individual strip layers to stick. The associated damage to the surface of the belt is undesirable in high-quality products or would lead to a high failure rate.
Der Einsatz von kontinuierlich betriebenen Bandglühöfen bei der Hersteilung von Stahlblech für durch Ziehen oder Abstreckziehen hergestellte Teile ist auch aus den Druckschriften US-5,078,809, WO 98/06881 und EP 0 822 266 A1 bekannt. In der letztgenannten Druckschrift ist ein Stahl mit geringem Kohlenstoffanteil beschrieben, dessen Stahlanalyse zusätzlich Bor aufweist, und zwar in einem Anteil zwischen 0,0005 und 0,0015 Gew.- %. Die vorgenannte untere Grenze beruht auf dem Erfordernis, durch die Zugabe von Bor zu der Stahlschmelze die Widerstandsfähigkeit des Stahlblechs gegenüber Korrosion zu erhöhen. Die obere Grenze von 0,0015 Gew.- % wird in der EP 0 822 266 A1 mit dem Umstand be- gründet, daß bei höheren Boranteilen mit Umformdefekten beim Herstellen zylindrischer Teile zu rechnen ist.The use of continuously operated strip annealing furnaces in the production of sheet steel for parts produced by drawing or ironing is also known from the documents US Pat. No. 5,078,809, WO 98/06881 and EP 0 822 266 A1. The last-mentioned publication describes a steel with a low carbon content, the steel analysis of which additionally contains boron, in a proportion between 0.0005 and 0.0015% by weight. The aforementioned lower limit is based on the need to increase the resistance of the steel sheet to corrosion by adding boron to the molten steel. The upper limit of 0.0015% by weight is given in EP 0 822 266 A1 with the fact is based on the fact that with higher boron fractions, forming defects can be expected when manufacturing cylindrical parts.
In der DE-195 47 181 C1 schließlich ist ein Stahl mit Anteilen an Titan, Vanadium oder Niob beschrieben, wobei aufgrund von bestimmten Warmwalzbedingungen unterhalb des Gammabereichs des Eisen-Kohlenstoff-Diagramms und aufgrund einer hohen Haspeltemperatur im Warmband eine Art Mischkorn erzielt wird. Bei Abwalzgraden zwischen 50 und 85% führt dieses Mischkorn zu einer verringerten Zipfelneigung, jedoch auch zur Bildung groben, zeiligen Zementits, der beim Tiefziehen dünner Teile mit hohen Oberflächenansprüchen zu unerwünschten Strukturen an der Oberfläche des Bandes und damit in der Praxis zu einem Ausschuß führt.Finally, DE-195 47 181 C1 describes a steel with proportions of titanium, vanadium or niobium, a type of mixed grain being achieved due to certain hot rolling conditions below the gamma range of the iron-carbon diagram and due to a high coiling temperature in the hot strip. At degrees of roll between 50 and 85%, this mixed grain leads to a reduced tip tendency, but also to the formation of coarse, line-shaped cementite, which leads to undesirable structures on the surface of the strip when deep-drawing thin parts with high surface demands and thus in practice to a scrap.
A u f g a b e der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren der gattungsgemäßen Art zu entwickeln, das im Hinblick auf die Anisotropie den durch ein Normalglühen erzielten Materialeigenschaften sehr nahe kommt, zugleich jedoch zu relativ geringeren Fertigungskosten betrieben werden kann und dabei mit möglichst wenigen Prozeßschritten auskommt. Nach dem Glühen soll ein globulares Korn erzielt werden, ferner soll das nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Stahlband keine Nachteile aufgrund von Alterung oder höheren mechanischtechnologischen Werten bei hohen Abwalzgraden aufweisen.It is therefore an object of the invention to develop a method of the generic type which, with regard to the anisotropy, comes very close to the material properties achieved by normalizing, but at the same time can be operated at relatively lower manufacturing costs and manages with as few process steps as possible. After annealing, a globular grain is to be achieved, and the steel strip produced by the method according to the invention should not have any disadvantages due to aging or higher mechanical-technological values at high rolling degrees.
Erfindungsgemäß wird hierzu bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art vorgeschlagen, daß die nach dem Warmwalzen durchgeführten Verfahrensschritte beinhaltenAccording to the invention, it is proposed in a method of the type mentioned at the outset that the method steps carried out after hot rolling include
- das Beizen- pickling
- das ein- oder zweistufige Kaltwalzen- the one- or two-stage cold rolling
- das Glühen des Bandes in aufgewickeltem Zustand (Coil-Glühen)- the annealing of the strip in the wound state (coil annealing)
- ggf. das Nachwalzen des Bandes.- if necessary, re-rolling the strip.
Vorzugsweise enthält das Warmband Bor mit einem Anteil zwischen 0,0013 und 0,0060 Gew.- %, wobei das Gewichtsverhältnis des Bor zum Stickstoff 0,5 bis 2,5 beträgt. Insbesondere angestrebt ist ein Bor-Anteil zwischen 0,0013 und 0,0030 Gew.- %. Zur Erzielung eines gleichmäßigen Gefüges des Bandmaterials erfolgt das Warmwalzen vorzugsweise mit einer Walzentemperatur von über 870°C und einer Haspeltemperatur von unter 710°C.The hot strip preferably contains boron in a proportion between 0.0013 and 0.0060% by weight, the weight ratio of boron to nitrogen being 0.5 to 2.5. A boron fraction between 0.0013 and 0.0030% by weight is particularly desirable. In order to achieve a uniform structure of the strip material, the hot rolling is preferably carried out with a roll temperature of over 870 ° C and a coiling temperature of below 710 ° C.
Zur Erzielung einer geringen Zipfelhöhe beim Tiefziehen bzw. Abstreckziehen und insbesondere einer relativen Zipfelhöhe von maximal 2,5% sollte der Wert der senkrechten Anisotropie Δ r des Bandes nach dem Coil-Glühen nicht mehr als +/- 0,12 betragen.To achieve a low tip height during deep drawing or ironing, and in particular a relative tip height of at most 2.5%, the value of the vertical anisotropy Δ r of the strip after the coil annealing should not be more than +/- 0.12.
Mit der Erfindung wird schließlich ein tiefzieh- oder abstreckziehfähiges Stahlband vorgeschlagen, welches gemäß einem Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Verfahrensansprüche hergestellt ist.Finally, the invention proposes a steel strip capable of deep drawing or ironing, which is produced according to a method according to at least one of the method claims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie ein tiefzieh- oder abstreckziehfähiges Stahlband nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden nachfolgend anhand eines Beispiels erläutert.The method according to the invention and a steel strip capable of deep drawing or ironing according to the method according to the invention are explained below using an example.
Ausgangsmaterial ist ein Warmband mit einer Ausgangsstärke von 1 ,2 bis 8 mm, vorzugsweise 2,0 bis 2,5 mm. Die Stahlanalyse des verwendeten Warmbandes ist in einer ersten Ausführungsvariante wie folgt:The starting material is a hot strip with an initial thickness of 1.2 to 8 mm, preferably 2.0 to 2.5 mm. In a first embodiment, the steel analysis of the hot strip used is as follows:
Nach einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante, die besonders bevorzugt ist, ist die Stahlzusammensetzung wie folgt: According to a second variant, which is particularly preferred, the steel composition is as follows:
Das Warmwalzen des Bandes erfolgt mit einer Walzendtemperatur von über 870°C und einer Haspeltemperatur von unter 710°C, um so ein besonders gleichmäßiges Gefüge des Stahlbandes sicherzustellen. Bei Versuchen konnte festgestellt werden, daß die Grenzwerte für die Streckgrenze zwischen Rand und Mitte des Bandes um weniger als 15 N/mm2 streuen.The strip is hot-rolled with a final roll temperature of over 870 ° C and a coiling temperature of below 710 ° C, in order to ensure a particularly even structure of the steel strip. Experiments have shown that the limit values for the yield strength between the edge and the center of the strip vary by less than 15 N / mm 2 .
Bei höheren als den angegebenen Boranteilen steigen die erforderlichen Warm- walzkräfte deutlich an. Bei Borgehalten unterhalb 0,0060 Gew.- % ppm kann demgegenüber mit moderaten Warmwalzkräften gearbeitet werden. Dies führt auch dazu, daß die Dickentoleranz über der Breite des Bandes aufgrund der dann deutlich niedrigeren Walzendurchbiegung vermindert wird.If the boron content is higher than the specified one, the required hot rolling forces increase significantly. With boron contents below 0.0060% by weight, on the other hand, moderate hot rolling forces can be used. This also means that the thickness tolerance across the width of the strip is reduced due to the then significantly lower roll deflection.
Das warmgewalzte Band wird anschließend gebeizt und anschließend einem ein- oder zweistufigen Kaltwalzen unterzogen. Hierbei beträgt der Kaltwalzgrad 86 % oder mehr. Das Ausgangsmaterial mit einer Stärke von 1 ,2 bis 8 mm läßt sich auf diese Weise bis auf eine Enddicke von 0,1 bis 1 ,0 mm kaltwalzen. An das Kaltwalzen schließt sich ein Rekristallisationsglühen im Coil, also ein Glühen des Bandes in aufgewickeltem Zustand an. Ein solches Rekristallisationsglühen kommt einem Normalglühen, wie dieses üblicherweise in Durchlauföfen bei gestrecktem Band durchgeführt wird, in den Wirkungen sehr nahe. Nach dem Coil-Glühen schließt sich noch ein Nachwalzen des Bandes an, um dessen Oberfläche zu verbessern und die mechanisch-technologischen Werte einzustellen. Das Stahlband wird auf zumindest einer seiner beiden Oberflächen mit einem galvanisch hergestellten Überzug versehen. Dieser kann Ni, Co, Cu, Fe, Sn, In, Pd, Bi und/oder deren Legierungen enthalten. Im Rahmen des gesamten Prozeßablaufes kann sich das elektrolytische Veredeln an die erste oder auch an die zweite Stufe des Kaltwalzens anschließen, woraufhin dann in weiteren Schritten das Glühen im Coil sowie das Nachwalzen des Bandes erfolgt. Eine zusätzliche Glühstufe zwischen den beiden Kaltwalzstufen ist ebenfalls möglich.The hot rolled strip is then pickled and then subjected to one or two-stage cold rolling. The degree of cold rolling is 86% or more. The starting material with a thickness of 1.2 to 8 mm can be cold rolled in this way to a final thickness of 0.1 to 1.0 mm. Cold rolling is followed by recrystallization annealing in the coil, i.e. annealing the strip in the wound state. Such recrystallization annealing comes very close in effect to normalizing, as is usually carried out in continuous furnaces with stretched strip. After the coil annealing, the strip is further rolled in order to improve its surface and adjust the mechanical-technological values. The steel strip is provided with an electroplated coating on at least one of its two surfaces. This can contain Ni, Co, Cu, Fe, Sn, In, Pd, Bi and / or their alloys. As part of the entire process sequence, the electrolytic finishing can follow the first or also the second stage of cold rolling, whereupon the annealing in the coil and the subsequent rolling of the strip then take place in further steps. An additional annealing stage between the two cold rolling stages is also possible.
Das Aufbringen der Beschichtung auf die zumindest eine Seite des Stahlbandes kann alternativ zu den beschriebenen Galvanisierungsverfahren auch durch Walzplattieren von Metallfolien erfolgen. In diesem Fall wird nach dem Warmwalzen und Beizen des Stahlbandes zunächst walzplattiert und dann im Coil geglüht. Ggf. kann sich an das Glühen im Coil ein erneutes Kaltwalzen und ein zweites Glühen im Coil anschließen, bevor das Band schließlich zu Verbesserung der Oberfläche dem Nachwalzprozeß unterzogen wird.As an alternative to the galvanizing processes described, the coating can also be applied to the at least one side of the steel strip by roll cladding of metal foils. In this case, after hot rolling and pickling the steel strip, it is first roll-clad and then annealed in the coil. Possibly. The annealing in the coil can be followed by another cold rolling and a second annealing in the coil before the strip is finally subjected to the re-rolling process to improve the surface.
Zum Walzplattieren eignen sich Schichten aus Kupfer und/oder Messing und/oder deren Legierungen. Schließlich kann das elektrolytisch oder durch Walzplattieren veredelte Band noch zusätzlich mit nichtmetallischen oder galvanischen Beschichtungen versehen werden, um so besondere Wirkungen und Eigenschaften zu erzielen.Layers of copper and / or brass and / or their alloys are suitable for roll cladding. Finally, the strip, which is finished electrolytically or by roll cladding, can additionally be provided with non-metallic or galvanic coatings in order to achieve special effects and properties.
Bei Einsatz des Galvanisierungsprozeßes sollte die Dicke des gesamten galvanischen Überzugs auf einer oder beiden Seiten des Stahlbandes 0,1 μm bis 8 μm betragen. Im Falle des Walzplattieren kann die Summe der einseitigen oder zweiseitigen Schichten aus aufplattiertem Metall bis zu 50 % der Gesamtdicke des Bandes betragen.When using the galvanizing process, the thickness of the entire galvanic coating on one or both sides of the steel strip should be 0.1 μm to 8 μm. In the case of roll cladding, the sum of the one-sided or two-sided layers of plated metal can be up to 50% of the total thickness of the strip.
Zur Erzielung einer geringen Zipfeligkeit des Stahlbandes werden die Parameter während des Kaltwalzens so eingestellt, daß sich im Anschluß an das einfache Glühen im Coil eine senkrechte Ansiotropie Δ r von max. +/- 0,12 ergibt, was einer relativen Zipfelhöhe von max. 2,5 % entspricht. Hierbei stellt sich auch ein für das spätere Tiefziehen bzw. Abstreckziehen vorteilhaftes Rundkorngefüge aus globularem Korn ein. To achieve a low lobedness of the steel strip, the parameters are set during the cold rolling so that, following the simple annealing in the coil, a vertical ansiotropy Δ r of max. +/- 0.12 results in a relative tip height of max. Corresponds to 2.5%. This also results in a round grain structure made of globular grain which is advantageous for later deep drawing or ironing.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahlband für durch Tiefziehen oder Abstreckziehen hergestellte Teile, bei dem ein Warmband ein- oder mehrstufig und mit einem Kaltwalzgrad von mindestens 86% kaltverformt wird, wobei zumindest die eine Seite des Bandmaterials mit einem galvanisch hergestellten Überzug enthaltend Ni, Co, Cu, Fe, Sn, In, Pd, Bi und und/oder deren Legierungen oder mit einem walzplattierten Überzug enthaltend Cu und/oder Messing und/oder deren Legierungen versehen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verfahrensschritte nach dem Warmwalzen beinhalten das Beizen, das ein- oder zweistufige Kaltwalzen, das Glühen des Bandes in aufgewik- keltem Zustand (Coil-Glühen) und ggf. das Nachwalzen des Bandes.1. A method for producing steel strip for parts produced by deep drawing or ironing, in which a hot strip is cold-formed in one or more stages and with a degree of cold rolling of at least 86%, at least one side of the strip material having an electroplated coating containing Ni, Co , Cu, Fe, Sn, In, Pd, Bi and / or their alloys or with a roll-plated coating containing Cu and / or brass and / or their alloys, characterized in that the process steps after hot rolling include pickling, the one or two-stage cold rolling, the annealing of the strip in the wound state (coil annealing) and, if necessary, the subsequent rolling of the strip.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Warmband Bor mit einem Anteil zwischen 0,0013 und 0,0060 Gew.- % enthält, und daß das Gewichtsverhältnis von Bor zu Stickstoff 0,5 bis 2,5 beträgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot strip contains boron in a proportion between 0.0013 and 0.0060% by weight, and that the weight ratio of boron to nitrogen is 0.5 to 2.5.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Boranteil zwischen 0,0013 und 0,0030 Gew.- % beträgt.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the boron content is between 0.0013 and 0.0030% by weight.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Warmwalzen mit einer Walzendtemperatur von über 870°C und einer Haspeltemperatur von unter 710°C erfolgt.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hot rolling is carried out with a final rolling temperature of over 870 ° C and a coiling temperature of below 710 ° C.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wert der senkrechten Anisotropie Δ r des Bandes nach dem Coil-Glühen nicht mehr als +/- 0,12 beträgt.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the value of the vertical anisotropy Δ r of the strip after the coil annealing is not more than +/- 0.12.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Gewichtsanteile in dem Warmband:6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following proportions by weight in the hot strip:
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Warmband vor dem Kaltwalzen eine Stärke von 1 ,2 mm bis 8 mm hat.7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hot strip has a thickness of 1, 2 mm to 8 mm before cold rolling.
8. Tiefzieh- oder abstreckziehfähiges Stahlband, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es nach einem Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 hergestellt ist. 8. deep-drawing or ironing steel strip, characterized in that it is produced by a method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7.
EP99964650A 1998-12-30 1999-12-22 Steel band with good forming properties and method for producing same Withdrawn EP1153145A1 (en)

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