EP1152254A2 - Kombination von GPS und CDMA in einem mobilen Sende-Empfänger - Google Patents

Kombination von GPS und CDMA in einem mobilen Sende-Empfänger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1152254A2
EP1152254A2 EP01108181A EP01108181A EP1152254A2 EP 1152254 A2 EP1152254 A2 EP 1152254A2 EP 01108181 A EP01108181 A EP 01108181A EP 01108181 A EP01108181 A EP 01108181A EP 1152254 A2 EP1152254 A2 EP 1152254A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gps
cdma
filter
mobile station
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01108181A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1152254A3 (de
Inventor
Raymond Jensen Hasler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Ltd
Original Assignee
Agilent Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agilent Technologies Inc filed Critical Agilent Technologies Inc
Publication of EP1152254A2 publication Critical patent/EP1152254A2/de
Publication of EP1152254A3 publication Critical patent/EP1152254A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/35—Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
    • G01S19/36—Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain relating to the receiver frond end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3805—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving with built-in auxiliary receivers

Definitions

  • the invention is directed towards the field of telecommunications, specifically towards incorporating the global positioning system (GPS) into CDMA mobile stations.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • PSAP Public Safety Answering Point
  • the present invention incorporates the Global Positioning System (GPS) into mobile telecommunication stations that use Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) in their operation.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • Two modes of operation are possible. In the first mode, GPS operation only, there is a temporary cessation of transmission and reception of CDMA telecommunication services to the last base station used. Such instances occur during a "hard handoff" within the CDMA system. Hand-offs are characterized by a temporary disconnection of the Traffic Channel.
  • CDMA telecommunication transmissions and simultaneous reception of GPS are allowed for.
  • the mobile CDMA receiver includes an antenna duplexer, that separates simultaneous CDMA telecommunications transmit and receive signals, connected to an antenna.
  • a CDMA low noise amplifier (LNA) and filter section receives the antenna duplexer output while a GPS bandpass filter receives signals from a GPS antenna.
  • the CDMA section contains a low noise amplifier (CDMA-LNA) connected serially to a radio frequency bandpass filter.
  • the GPS section consists of GPS low noise amplifier positioned between two bandselect filters.
  • a signal path selector receives inputs from either CDMA or GPS.
  • a downconverter utilizes the output of the signal path selector and a local oscillator signal to generate an intermediate frequency (I.F) signal.
  • I.F intermediate frequency
  • a 1.23 MHz bandwidth channel select device filters the output of the downconverter, which is then further amplified and processed prior to being sent to a baseband processor for recovery of telecommunication signals or GPS data as required.
  • the signal path selector accepts inputs from the CDMA-LNA-Bandpass filter and the GPS RF section is powered down.
  • the wanted channel in the received RF band is converted to the I.F frequency by the proper selection of the local oscillator (LO) signal applied to the I.F downconverter.
  • the I.F signal is further band limited by the I.F filter, e.g. a surface acoustic wave filter (SAW), having a bandwidth defined by the CDMA mobile system characteristics, typically 1.23 MHz.
  • SAW surface acoustic wave filter
  • the signal path selected is GPS and the telecommunications CDMA-LNA is powered down. Filtering in the GPS module selects the incoming RF signals within the range of interest centered on 1575.42 MHz or the proposed CA code signal at 1227.60MHz. The selected range of signals are then downconverted to the same IF frequency as that used for mobile CDMA stations and passed through the same IF filter used by the mobile CDMA telecommunication system. The output from the IF filter is further amplified, processed and passed to the baseband processor where GPS data is recovered.
  • An alternate embodiment adds a dedicated GPS downconversion mixer and moves the signal path selector to the output side of the CDMA downconversion mixer. This provides for an option of driving the GPS downconversion mixer from either an external, fixed frequency, LO synthesizer, or using the existing CDMA synthesizer by switching the LO signal between either the CDMA or the GPS downconverter LO inputs.
  • Figure 1 shows the major blocks of a CDMA transceiver (prior art).
  • Figure 1a provides details of the RF to I.F Converter shown in Figure 1 (prior art).
  • Figure 2 illustrates a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an illustrative frequency plan, for US CDMA systems, using the first embodiment.
  • Figure 5 is an illustrative frequency plan, for US CDMA systems, using the second embodiment.
  • Figure 6 shows GPS and CDMA signal reception operated from multi-frequency antenna networks.
  • a prior art mobile CDMA station is shown in Figure 1. Examples may be found in commercial product literature e.g. the Qualcomm MSM3100 data sheet (80-24943-1 Rev B, 7/99) or the Qualcomm CDMA Products Data Book (80-22370-2 C September 1999).
  • a received telecommunications CDMA radio signal propagates from the antenna terminals 1 through the duplexer 2 into the RF to IF converter 3. Within the RF to IF converter 3 the received signal is converted from the high received frequency ranges [depending on the CDMA Telecom system characteristics used] to some lower intermediate frequency (IF) which will enable further signal conditioning.
  • the resulting down-converted CDMA signal is finally processed by a digital signal processor 6a within the mobile modem 6.
  • the modem 6 also generates a baseband CDMA signal for transmission, (required for CDMA telecommunication operation), this signal is up-converted to the higher frequency range required for transmission by an IF to RF up-converter 5 which drives an RF power amplifier 4.
  • This power amplifier 4 feeds the signal into the duplexer 2 that then passes the signal to the antenna 1 for broadcast.
  • transmit functions are optionally dependent on how the telecommunications service provider integrates GPS into their system.
  • the manufacturing costs may be reduced by decreasing the number of components, and hence cost, can be saved if the GPS signal is passed through the standard CDMA channel select filter 10, shown in Figure 1a, used in the RF to IF converter 3.
  • This filter has a typical bandwidth of 1.23 MHz.
  • the GPS is also a code division multiple access (CDMA) system. GPS uses “Gold” codes whilst the CDMA telecommunication system uses “Walsh” codes.
  • the DSP section 6a of the modem 6 can be used to process the mobile station CDMA signals normally received, and GPS signals. Manufacturers, e.g. Qualcomm, have indicated that new modems will support GPS signal decoding.
  • Prior art GPS-receivers use an IF filter having a 2 MHz bandwidth. This range is selected because the GPS signal power is spread by the Coarse/Acquisition (CA) pseudorandom noise (PRN) ranging code to a bandwidth of 2.046 MHz.
  • the GPS PRN signal has an approximate sin x / x distribution over frequency that has the majority of the signal power contained in a 1.23 MHz bandwidth.
  • This loss of code power is small compared to that encountered in some GPS implementations, e.g. single hardware channel multiplex receivers, described in "Navstar GPS User Equipment Introduction", Public Release Version, September 1966.
  • passing the GPS signal through the existing CDMA channel select filter 10 does not significantly degrade GPS performance.
  • FIG. 2 shows one embodiment of a CDMA telecommunication mobile station receiver with GPS added according to the present invention.
  • Signals received by a GPS antenna 11 are applied to a GPS bandpass filter 12.
  • the GPS section which generates filtered GPS signals, consists of a GPS low-noise amplifier (GPS-LNA) 13 interposing a first and a second GPS RF bandselect filter, 12, 14, respectively.
  • GPS-LNA GPS low-noise amplifier
  • the second GPS RF bandselect filter 14 also provides image rejection.
  • the CDMA filter section which band filters the CDMA signals.
  • the CDMA section consists of a CDMA-LNA 7 that receives the antenna duplexer output, the output of the CDMA-LNA 7 being connected to a radio frequency bandselect filter 8.
  • the filtered GPS signals and CDMA signals are received by a signal path selector 15.
  • a RF down-converter 9 receives the output of the signal path selector 15 and a local oscillator signal 16.
  • a intermediate frequency (IF) channel select filter 10 further filters the output of the down converter prior to additional signal conditioning (not shown) the resultant signals are then sent to a baseband processor (not shown) to recover the CDMA telecommunication signals or GPS data as required.
  • IF intermediate frequency
  • the signal path selector 15 selects which signal, either the CDMA or GPS, is applied to the RF downconverter 9.
  • the selected signal is converted to the intermediate frequency, by the appropriate local oscillator input 16 to the RF down-converter 9, and passed through the IF channel select filter 10. Thereafter, the signal is further processed by existing circuitry and GPS support is provided in the dsp/modem (6a/6).
  • the signal path selector 15 selects the CDMA section and the GPS-LNA 13 is powered down.
  • GPS operation the signal path selector 15 selects the GPS section and the CDMA-LNA7 is powered down.
  • the same control signal may control the signal path selector 15.
  • CDMA operation is compared with GPS, the average current required can be less as the system swaps between the two low noise amplifiers.
  • the telecommunication mobile station uses a high dynamic range LNA, e.g. a high input 3rd order intermodulation level (IIP3)
  • IIP3 input 3rd order intermodulation level
  • the signal path selector 15 may be implemented in several ways. In a preferred embodiment, this would be integrated semiconductor switch functions that may be embedded with other semiconductor devices that form either a single integrated circuit (IC) for GPS or a single IC for CDMA or a single IC for CDMA and GPS.
  • the signal path selector 15 may alternatively be a circulator, a coupler, phased line lengths that use the out of band impedance characteristics of the filters to transform the effective loading at a junction point, a duplexer, or a diplexer that substitutes or incorporates the filtering functions 8 and 14.
  • the principle of routing the desired signal along a path to the required point is the same.
  • the main requirement will be to minimize losses before the downconverter 9 such that the CDMA mobile station sensitivity and dynamic range are optimized for a given CDMA-LNA 7 gain.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an alternate embodiment.
  • the GPS filter block includes a dedicated GPS down converter 17 following the second bandselect filter 14. The positions of the signal path selector 15 and the telecommunications down-converter 9 have been transposed, compared to the first embodiment.
  • a LO path switch 18 interposes the LO signal 16 and the down-converter 9. The LO path switch 18 also provides an input to the GPS down converter 17.
  • the LO path switch 18 routes the existing single LO signal to the appropriate downconverter: CDMA down converter 9 or GPS down converter 17.
  • the GPS-LNA 13 and GPS down converter 17 are powered down and the CDMA-LNA 7 and CDMA down converter 9 are powered up.
  • the signal path selector 15 now connects the CDMA down converter 9 to the channel select filter 10 and the LO switch 18 now directs the LO signal to the CDMA downconverter 9.
  • the LO switch 18 could be implemented as part of the CDMA section (as shown) or part of the GPS section, or as a separate switch function external to either section. In any of these configurations the principle is the same. Throughout these diagrams only a single connecting line is shown, for clarity. In practice signal paths may be "single ended” or “differential” without changing the general principles used in this description. Also mixers of the single sideband form, commonly known as image reject mixers, may be used at 9 and 17 to eliminate or minimise the filtering functions 8 and 14. The use of such devices does not change the general principle used in this description.
  • Figure 4 shows an illustrative frequency plan for use when the channel select filter 10, shown in Figure 2, is a SAW filter having a center frequency of 210.38MHz.
  • the LO signal 16 applied to the down-converter ranges from 1719.62 to 1779.57 MHz.
  • SPS GPS L1 Standard Positioning Service
  • the LO is fixed at 1785.80 MHz, thus all wanted signals are converted by the down-converter 9 to an IF of 210.38 MHz and passed through the SAW channel select filter 10.
  • Figure 5 shows an illustrative frequency plan for when the channel select filter 10, shown in Figure 3, is a SAW filter that has a center frequency of 85.38 MHz.
  • the LO applied to the down-converter ranges from 954.42 to 979.35 MHz.
  • the LO, applied to the GPS down converter 17 is fixed at 1142.22 MHz, thus all wanted signals are converted by either the CDMA down-converter 9 or the GPS down-converter 17 to an IF of 85.38 MHz and passed through the SAW channel select filter 10.
  • the frequency plans given in Figures 4 and 5 are interchangeable between either of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 or 3. Also, that other frequency plans can be used to give the same final IF frequencies.
  • FIG 6 shows an alternate signal input arrangement for the GPS input to the band select filter 12.
  • the CDMA telecommunication signal is received by a dedicated CDMA antenna 1 and GPS signals are also received on a GPS antenna 11.
  • the GPS section may accept an antenna input from a multi-band antenna network (21) or a separate GPS antenna. Multiple band antennas are well documented in prior art as are antenna network switch solutions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
EP01108181A 2000-04-25 2001-03-30 Kombination von GPS und CDMA in einem mobilen Sende-Empfänger Withdrawn EP1152254A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US558122 2000-04-25
US09/558,122 US6351236B1 (en) 2000-04-25 2000-04-25 Combined GPS and CDMA in a mobile transceiver

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1152254A2 true EP1152254A2 (de) 2001-11-07
EP1152254A3 EP1152254A3 (de) 2003-10-08

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EP (1) EP1152254A3 (de)
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