EP1142444B1 - Microphone passif a transfert sans fil - Google Patents
Microphone passif a transfert sans fil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1142444B1 EP1142444B1 EP99952376A EP99952376A EP1142444B1 EP 1142444 B1 EP1142444 B1 EP 1142444B1 EP 99952376 A EP99952376 A EP 99952376A EP 99952376 A EP99952376 A EP 99952376A EP 1142444 B1 EP1142444 B1 EP 1142444B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- receiving unit
- piezoelectric device
- sound information
- microphone
- signals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title description 12
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000010897 surface acoustic wave method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000867 larynx Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
- H04R17/02—Microphones
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a microphone for detection acoustic signals, conversion of the acoustic signals into electrical Signals and transmission of electrical signals to a receiving unit.
- Known microphones of this type are usually via a Connecting cable or a cable through which the electrical Signals are transmitted to the receiving unit, with power supplied or have active electronic components and a own power supply in the form of a battery.
- Microphones, where the electrical signals are wireless Transfer to a receiving unit For example, wireless microphones, have their own battery or have their own battery, the necessary energy for signal processing and signal transmission.
- the receiving unit is, for example, a telephone base station connected to a landline network, but may also be a mobile station of a wireless telecommunications system.
- a cable connection between the headset and the telephone base station is disadvantageous in many applications due to the restriction of freedom of movement.
- DE 195 20 674 proposes a method and a device for continuous control of the tire pressure with a wireless transmission of the measuring signal, in which a piezoelectric transducer is provided.
- a piezoelectric transducer is provided.
- the microphone of a hands-free system in a motor vehicle should be as close to the mouth of the speaker in order to minimize noise caused by loud driving noises.
- a throat microphone is proposed, which is effectively sealed off from external sound effects.
- the resonator is formed here by piezoelectrics. The voltages that occur due to switching oscillations at the piezoelectric are tapped and sent by wire or wirelessly to a transmission unit.
- the disadvantages of this realization are above all two things: On the one hand, it is generally more difficult to amplify the human voice on the basis of the sounds, as they are formed in the larynx, than the pronounced word.
- a microphone for the transmission of sound information to a receiving unit to provide that is simple and easy to set up and at the same time a wireless transmission of the sound information to the receiving unit allows.
- a piezoelectric Device which is a device for excitation of surface waves.
- a piezoelectric device allows on the one hand the receiving and storing of excitation energy from the receiving unit and on the other hand a wireless transmission of acoustic information carrying electrical signals to the receiving unit, making a simpler and easier Structure of the microphone according to the invention is made possible.
- the storage of excitation energy in the piezoelectric Device eliminates the need in the microphone one own power supply in the form of a battery or a To provide batteries.
- the microphone according to the invention is a passive microphone, d. H. there is no dedicated power supply and the transmission of sound information carrying electrical Signals from the microphone to the receiving unit via continuous or discontinuous energy transfer in the form of an electromagnetic signal by the receiving unit.
- the microphone according to the invention is thus lightweight and simple and yet allows a wireless Transmission of electrical signals.
- the piezoelectric device stores the excitation energy from the receiving unit in the form of mechanical Vibrations. Furthermore, a particularly easy and simple construction can be achieved when the piezoelectric Device at the same time for storing the electromagnetic Excitation energy, to detect acoustic Signals and for converting detected acoustic signals in Sound information carrying electrical signals is used.
- the invention passive microphone essentially comprises in this case only the piezoelectric device, creating a especially simple, lighter and cheaper construction possible is.
- the piezoelectric device can therefore z. B. substantially consist of a piezoelectric membrane. The Excitation energy from the receiving unit is then transmitted via the Antenna of the microphone recorded and in mechanical vibrations the membrane converted.
- the swinging Membrane detect acoustic signals, which also as mechanical vibrations due to the excitation energy caused vibrations of the membrane to be modulated.
- the modulated vibrations are from the piezoelectric Membrane converted into electrical signals and to the receiving unit transfer.
- the piezoelectric membrane can consist of quartz or lithium niobate. Especially Quartz has a very high quality as energy storage.
- the piezoelectric Device essentially consisting of a surface acoustic wave delay line or consist of a resonator. Even in these embodiments serves so a single Device for storing the electromagnetic excitation energy, for detecting acoustic signals and for converting detected acoustic signals in sound information bearing electrical signals, allowing a simple construction possible is.
- the piezoelectric Device for detecting Acoustic signals and a device for storing the electromagnetic excitation energy and for converting detected acoustic signals in sound information bearing include electrical signals.
- the device for detecting the acoustic signals may for example consist essentially of a membrane, advantageously made of metal.
- the decor for Saving the electromagnetic excitation energy and the Converting detected acoustic signals into sound information carrying electrical signals is advantageously from a piezoelectric element, such as. B. one Surface wave delay line or a resonator such as B. a piezoelectric membrane.
- the membrane for Detecting acoustic signals for example, with the piezoelectric element, that is z. B. with the surface acoustic wave delay line or the resonator, glued be around the detected and converted into mechanical vibrations Sound signals directly from the excitation energy the receiving unit in the piezoelectric element caused Be able to modulate vibrations.
- the modulated Vibrations are then from the piezoelectric Element converted into electrical signals and transmitted to the receiving unit.
- one or more means for detecting provided by acoustic signals and arranged in such a way is that the detected acoustic signals are differential converted into acoustic information carrying electrical signals become.
- the sensitivity of the invention Microphones are considerably increased.
- a device for compensation of Disturbance is provided to, for example, the influence of To compensate for temperature fluctuations or the like.
- the electromagnetic excitation energy from the receiving unit can be in the form of discontinuous or continuous Excitation signals to the piezoelectric device of the microphone according to the invention are transmitted.
- the piezoelectric Device can be designed in this way be that they the electromagnetic excitation energy of the Received receiving unit in the form of short high-frequency signals.
- the electromagnetic excitation signals from the receiving unit can also periodically repeated high-frequency signals be.
- the piezoelectric device the electromagnetic excitation energy from the receiving unit in the form of excitation signals with a large bandwidth-time product receives.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a passive microphone 1 according to FIG present invention and a corresponding receiving unit 6 shown.
- the passive microphone according to the invention 1 comprises a piezoelectric device 4 for receiving and storing excitation energy from the receiving unit 6 and for wirelessly transmitting from the detected acoustic Signals converted electrical signals to the Receiving unit 6.
- the piezoelectric device comprises in illustrated embodiment, a device 2 for detecting of acoustic signals and a device 3 for Converting the detected acoustic signals into sound information carrying electrical signals.
- the microphone 1 furthermore has one with the piezoelectric device 4 connected antenna 5 for receiving the excitation energy of the receiving unit 6 and to send the sound information carrying electrical signals to the receiving unit 6.
- the receiving unit 6 also includes an antenna 7 for Emitting the excitation energy in the form of excitation signals and for receiving the electrical signals from the microphone 1.
- the receiving unit transmits 6 the excitation energy, for example in the form of discontinuous Excitation pulses to the microphone 1.
- the excitation pulses be via the antenna 5 of the piezoelectric Means 4 of the microphone 1 recorded and stored, z. B. as mechanical vibrations.
- To this Purpose includes the piezoelectric device 4, for example a piezoelectric element as shown in FIG is.
- the piezoelectric element consists of a piezoelectric membrane 8, on the example of applied metal strip existing reflectors 10 is provided are.
- a converter 9 coupled to the antenna 5 is provided for converting the received excitation pulses into an acoustic one Surface wave provided on the membrane 8.
- the converter 9 is connected to a ground. Similar to the reflectors 10, the converter 9 is made of the membrane. 8 applied metal structures, eg. B. aluminum.
- the membrane Upon receiving a high-frequency excitation from the receiving unit 6, the membrane via the converter 9 by training a surface acoustic wave to vibrations stimulated. The vibrations widen on the top of the Membrane in both directions to the reflector fields 10 out from and is reflected by these, so that in the case of resonance forms a standing wave. In this way, the Excitation energy of the excitation pulse from the receiving unit 6 stored in the form of mechanical vibrations.
- the piezoelectric Element reflects that as a mechanical vibration cached energy via the antenna 5 back to the receiving unit 6 in the form of a decaying vibration, as shown schematically in Figure 1. This evanescent Oscillation is in the receiving unit 6 via the antenna. 7 recorded, detected, demodulated and evaluated.
- the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric element and thus the decaying vibration coming from the piezoelectric Element reflected back to the receiving unit 6 changes, under the influence of an elongation, because the propagation velocity of the surface wave and change the distances between the two electrodes of the converter 9.
- the membrane 8 with the reflectors 10 serves in that in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment as the means 3 for storing of excitation energy from the receiving unit 6 and the Converting the detected acoustic signals into sound information carrying electrical signals.
- the device 2 For example, to detect acoustic signals by a membrane, not shown, advantageously from Metal, be formed, which is glued to the membrane 8.
- the membrane serving as the detection means 2 decreases Sound waves and converts them into mechanical vibrations around.
- the mechanical vibrations are thereby of the the acoustic signals detecting membrane on the piezoelectric Transfer membrane 8. It will be the acoustic Signals corresponding vibrations of the electromagnetic Excitation of the receiving unit 6 caused Oscillation of the piezoelectric membrane 8 aufmoduliert.
- the modulated oscillation is via the converter 9 in electrical signals are converted back and via the antenna 5 as an electromagnetic signal back to the receiving unit 6 transfer.
- Membrane 8 with the reflectors 10 and the converter 9 can be a Surface wave delay line as the device 3 for storing electromagnetic excitation energy of the receiving unit 6 and for converting the detected acoustic Signals in acoustic information carrying electrical Signals are used.
- a surface wave delay line becomes electromagnetic excitation energy from the receiving unit 6 also as a mechanical vibration saved.
- a detection device 2 for detecting of acoustic signals transmitted by the surface acoustic wave delay line coupled converts received-acoustic Signals, d. H. Sound waves, into mechanical vibrations which transmit to the surface acoustic wave delay line become. This causes runtime effects in the the excitation energy caused by the receiving unit 6 caused mechanical vibration, causing the acoustic Signals of this mechanical vibration modulated become.
- the detected by the device 2 acoustic signals are thus supported by the device 3 in sound information implemented electrical signals and the piezoelectric Element modulated so that the back-reflected evanescent harmonic vibration the modulated sound information wearing.
- This modulated sound information can be found in the Receiving unit 6 detected and evaluated.
- the piezoelectric device 4 unites the devices 2 and 3 in one element, that detects both the acoustic signals as also the detected acoustic signals in sound information converts carrying electrical signals.
- the in Figure 2 shown piezoelectric membrane 8 with the surface acoustic wave resonance structure serves as the only device 4 forming element.
- the detected piezoelectric membrane 8 incoming acoustic signals after Type of pressure sensor.
- the by an excitation pulse of the Receiving unit 6 excited standing wave in the piezoelectric Element is modulated by the acoustic signals, so that after the end of the excitation pulse to the Reception unit 6 reflected back decaying vibration carries the corresponding sound information.
- a very sturdy passive microphone for provide wireless transmission of sound information, which has a simple and lightweight construction.
- the microphone 1 according to the invention is designed as a passive component, d. H. without own energy supply in the form of a Battery or the like, because the energy of the excitation pulses from the receiving unit 6 through the piezoelectric element recorded, stored and transmitted to the sound information is used.
- the piezoelectric element becomes discontinuous, for example, by a pulsed excitation signal stimulated. It is also possible for a favorable continuous To find excitation signals.
- the Membrane 8 is a quartz membrane, which is a very high quality has a very long impulse response in the time domain generated in the form of a decaying vibration and transferred back to the receiving unit 6.
- the piezoelectric membrane 8 may further substantially consist of lithium niobate.
- the piezoelectric membrane shown in FIG 8 with the surface acoustic wave resonance structure can also a surface acoustic wave delay line as a single element the device 4 are used.
- the surface wave delay line can be both the acoustic Detect signals as well as the detected acoustic signals implement electrical signals carrying sound information.
- the piezoelectric device 4 for detecting the Acoustic signals may be a second piezoelectric Device to be provided for differential processing and implementation of the detected acoustic signals to allow and thus increase the sensitivity, for example to compensate for temperature fluctuations. If a separate device 2 for detecting acoustic Signals is provided, a second device 2 for Detecting acoustic signals should be provided to one differential conversion of the detected acoustic signals to enable electrical signals for the same purpose. Additionally or alternatively, a device for Compensation of other disturbances may be present.
- the electromagnetic Excitation energy from discontinuous excitation pulses exist, which emitted by the receiving unit 6 and according to the microphone 1 according to the invention be received.
- the excitation pulses from the receiving unit 6, for example, short high-frequency signals be repeated periodically if necessary become. It is advantageous if the excitation signal from the receiving unit 6, a large bandwidth time product having. Another possibility is continuous to use frequency modulated excitation signals.
- the passive microphone 1 according to the invention is very light and it can be designed to be robust, for example Eyeglass frame can be attached.
- the Microphone can thereby at the transition between serving as an antenna Be attached bracket and the spectacle frame.
- the microphone according to the invention can be connected to a on the Eyeglass frame releasably fastened holder may be attached to the from the eyeglass frame down to the mouth the carrier extends.
- the holder can in this case as the Antenna 5 of the microphone 1 may be formed.
- the passive microphone 1 according to the invention is also used suitable in a wireless headset, with the voice signals to a telephone base station or a telephone mobile station be transmitted.
- the microphone according to the invention can be built very light and sturdy, which is versatile and specialized applications.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
Claims (14)
- Microphone passif (1), destiné à la transmission sans fil d'informations sonores à une unité réceptrice (6) et comprenantune antenne (5) destinée à la réception d'énergie électromagnétique d'excitation venant de l'unité réceptrice (6) et à la transmission sans fil de signaux électriques porteurs de l'information sonore à l'unité réceptrice (6) etun dispositif piézoélectrique (4), qui est conçu de telle sorte que de l'énergie électromagnétique d'excitation peut être emmagasinée et que des signaux acoustiques détectés sont convertis en signaux électriques porteurs de l'information sonore etqui est relié à l'antenne de telle sorte que l'énergie électromagnétique d'excitation reçue par l'antenne (5) est transmise au dispositif piézoélectrique (4) et que les signaux électriques porteurs de l'information sonore sont transmis à l'antenne
- Microphone passif (1) selon la revendication 1
dans lequel le dispositif piézoélectrique (4) se compose essentiellement d'une membrane piézoélectrique (8) avec une structure de résonance à ondes de surface. - Microphone passif (1) selon la revendication 1
dans lequel le dispositif piézoélectrique (4) se compose essentiellement d'un circuit de retard à ondes de surface. - Microphone passif (1), destiné à la transmission sans fil d'informations sonores à une unité réceptrice (6) selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 3
caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif piézoélectrique (4) est conçu de telle sorte que l'énergie d'excitation venant de l'unité réceptrice (6) peut être emmagasinée sous la forme d'oscillations mécaniques. - Microphone passif (1) selon la revendication 2
caractérisé par le fait que la membrane (8) est en quartz. - Microphone passif (1) selon la revendication 2
caractérisé par le fait que la membrane (8) est en niobate de lithium. - Microphone passif (1) selon la revendication 1
caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif piézoélectrique (4) comporte un système (2) destiné à détecter des signaux acoustiques et composé essentiellement d'une membrane. - Microphone passif (1) selon la revendication 7
caractérisé par le fait que la membrane est en métal. - Microphone passif (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 8
caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu un dispositif destiné à détecter des signaux acoustiques et un autre dispositif destiné à détecter des signaux acoustiques disposé de telle sorte que les signaux acoustiques détectés sont convertis d'une façon différentielle en signaux électriques porteurs de l'information sonore. - Microphone passif (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 9
caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu un dispositif destiné à la compensation de grandeurs perturbatrices. - Microphone passif (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 10
caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif piézoélectrique (4) reçoit l'énergie électromagnétique d'excitation venant de l'unité réceptrice sous la forme de signaux brefs à haute fréquence. - Microphone passif (1) destiné à la transmission sans fil d'informations sonores à une unité réceptrice (6) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11
caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif piézoélectrique (4) reçoit l'énergie électromagnétique d'excitation venant de l'unité réceptrice sous la forme de signaux à haute fréquence répétés périodiquement. - Microphone passif (1) destiné à la transmission sans fil d'informations sonores à une unité réceptrice (6) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12
caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif piézoélectrique (4) reçoit l'énergie électromagnétique d'excitation venant de l'unité réceptrice sous la forme de signaux d'excitation ayant un produit temps-largeur de bande élevé. - Microphone passif (1) destiné à la transmission sans fil d'informations sonores à une unité réceptrice (6) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10
caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif piézoélectrique (4) reçoit l'énergie électromagnétique d'excitation venant de l'unité réceptrice sous la forme d'un signal d'excitation continu et modulé en fréquence.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19900633 | 1999-01-11 | ||
DE19900633 | 1999-01-11 | ||
PCT/DE1999/002524 WO2000042813A1 (fr) | 1999-01-11 | 1999-08-12 | Microphone passif a transfert sans fil |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1142444A1 EP1142444A1 (fr) | 2001-10-10 |
EP1142444B1 true EP1142444B1 (fr) | 2003-10-15 |
Family
ID=7893893
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99952376A Expired - Lifetime EP1142444B1 (fr) | 1999-01-11 | 1999-08-12 | Microphone passif a transfert sans fil |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1142444B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE59907398D1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000042813A1 (fr) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH664659A5 (en) * | 1987-03-14 | 1988-03-15 | Erwin Meister | Throat microphone with round bracket with tongue at one end - contg. round piezoelectric resonator as transducer and sound damping parts |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS505396B1 (fr) * | 1970-10-14 | 1975-03-03 | ||
DE2831377A1 (de) * | 1978-07-17 | 1980-01-31 | Siemens Ag | Elektroakustischer wandler |
JP2523867B2 (ja) * | 1989-04-19 | 1996-08-14 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | ワイヤレスマイクロホン |
JPH05129872A (ja) * | 1991-11-07 | 1993-05-25 | Hitachi Ltd | 表面波共振子、表面波フイルタ、分波器および移動無線装置 |
DE19520674A1 (de) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-12 | Burkhard Weis | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Kontrolle des Reifendruckes von Fahrzeugreifen während der Fahrt |
-
1999
- 1999-08-12 EP EP99952376A patent/EP1142444B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-12 DE DE59907398T patent/DE59907398D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-12 WO PCT/DE1999/002524 patent/WO2000042813A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH664659A5 (en) * | 1987-03-14 | 1988-03-15 | Erwin Meister | Throat microphone with round bracket with tongue at one end - contg. round piezoelectric resonator as transducer and sound damping parts |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1142444A1 (fr) | 2001-10-10 |
DE59907398D1 (de) | 2003-11-20 |
WO2000042813A1 (fr) | 2000-07-20 |
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