EP1141986B1 - Sectionneur - Google Patents

Sectionneur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1141986B1
EP1141986B1 EP99963274A EP99963274A EP1141986B1 EP 1141986 B1 EP1141986 B1 EP 1141986B1 EP 99963274 A EP99963274 A EP 99963274A EP 99963274 A EP99963274 A EP 99963274A EP 1141986 B1 EP1141986 B1 EP 1141986B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
spring
thermocouple
disconnector according
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99963274A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1141986A1 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Kroeker
Thomas HÄHNEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Tyco Electronics Logistics AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyco Electronics Logistics AG filed Critical Tyco Electronics Logistics AG
Publication of EP1141986A1 publication Critical patent/EP1141986A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1141986B1 publication Critical patent/EP1141986B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/08—Terminals; Connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/323—Thermally-sensitive members making use of shape memory materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H2001/5877—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals with provisions for direct mounting on a battery pole

Definitions

  • Such a circuit breaker is already in DE 197 01 933 C1 described.
  • This known disconnector has as Contact carrier a contact rocker that rotates in the housing is stored and the movable contact indirectly via a acts as a lever arm contact spring. To reset the contact rocker in the open position is a tear spring intended.
  • the locking mechanism consists of a Arm and a pawl, the pawl locked the actuating arm on the contact rocker and the actuating arm preloads the contact rocker in its closed position.
  • the locking mechanism As a means of opening the locking mechanism is a Electromagnetic system used with an anchor, which with the pawl is coupled. The magnet system opens excited, whereby the pawl unlocks the actuating arm and the contact rocker into the open position through the tear spring brought.
  • the locking mechanism from a toggle mechanism
  • the anchor of the Electromagnetic system for opening the locking mechanism attacks the middle knee joint.
  • the mobile contact arranged on a rocker and as a locking mechanism between the contact rocker and a fixed bearing Buckle spring clamped.
  • the buckling spring is in the switched-on state the contact rocker is almost stretched and clamped into its switch-on position in front.
  • the Anchor acts on the central area of the buckling spring. Should he Locking mechanism will be released, the electromagnetic system controlled and the armature moves the buckling spring about their dead center, so that it bends sideways and the The contact rocker jumps to the open position.
  • the locking mechanism is used in all of the above-mentioned disconnectors about the armature of an electromagnetic system solved.
  • the electromagnetic system is used in a vehicle battery the disadvantage that the strong The armature of the electromagnetic system can also move without excitation and thus there is a risk that the load circuit is unwanted is switched off. Furthermore, the electromagnetic system a high proportion of the weight as well as the total Manufacturing cost of the disconnector. Especially when Automotive engineering strives to make the weight as low as possible to keep possible and due to the high number of pieces also the Reduce the cost of small components.
  • DE 32 32 466 A1 describes a switching arrangement in motor vehicles known in which a relay contact as an overcurrent protection is trained.
  • the fuse consists of a fixed and a movable contact, the latter on End of a cantilevered hot wire is arranged and over a spring is pressed against the fixed contact.
  • the feather is arched and on one side with the heat wire fixed in a bracket and on the other side connected to its free end of the heat wire so that it presses the movable contact against the fixed contact.
  • the hot wire heats up and contracts.
  • the arched spring jumps through the contraction of the Heat wire in the opposite deflection and thereby opens the contact.
  • the invention is the Task based on a disconnector for the load circuit to show a vehicle battery, which is inexpensive is manufactured, has a low weight and less as sensitive to shock as the electromagnetic systems.
  • thermocouple is made of a shape memory alloy, which is when heated contracts.
  • thermocouple is connected to a sensor system, which for example in the event of a short circuit or a vehicle crash this is powered.
  • the current warms up the thermocouple and opens the locking mechanism through its contraction.
  • thermocouple is inexpensive to purchase has a low weight and is therefore not prone to impact.
  • a preferred locking mechanism has a tensioning element on that in its extended position the movable Presses contact against the fixed contact, whereby to open the Locking mechanism the thermocouple so on the clamping element acts that this bends sideways.
  • the locking mechanism is as Toggle lever tensioning device formed, wherein the tensioning element a first lever engaging the contact carrier and one there is a second lever mounted in the housing, which has a middle knee joint are connected to a toggle lever, which in approximately stretched condition the contact carrier in locked in its closed position.
  • the movable contact arranged on a contact rocker which between a Closed position and an open position is pivotable and biased in the open position by a tear spring is.
  • This locking mechanism is used as a tensioning element an articulated spring between the contact rocker and a fixed bearing clamped, on the middle area of which acts the thermocouple.
  • the buckling spring points against the effective direction of the Thermocouple on a preferred deflection, this Deflection by the thermocouple is limited to one dimension is less than the change in length of the thermocouple.
  • thermocouple conveniently reaches over an actuating arm on the trained as a toggle or kink spring Clamping element, in a preferred embodiment the actuating arm also serves as a return spring is designed for the thermocouple.
  • the locking mechanism has a sliding pin and a pivoting one Lever open, the pin the contact carrier with the movable Press contact into its closed position.
  • the Swiveling lever locks the pen in its closed position Position and is used to open the disconnector by Contraction of a thermocouple that engages this lever, pivoted so that the movable pin releases what the biased contact carrier in the open position pivots and moves the pen.
  • thermocouple Due to the length of the sliding lever, the unlocking force be reduced very much.
  • the contraction is enough of the thermocouple to deflect the lever this is advantageously deflected several times via deflection rollers, so that a longer length of the thermocouple and thus a major change in length in contraction is available stands.
  • thermocouple that is, stretching the thermocouple after contraction, by manually operated Means and not, as in the embodiments described above, by a return spring so that during contraction of the thermocouple is not the force of the return spring must be overcome and thus the entire contraction force is available.
  • thermocouple as a means of opening the locking mechanism has the advantage that this in Compared to the electromagnetic system, much less space stressed and thus the entire disconnector essential lighter in one that is adapted to a pole terminal of the vehicle battery, the pole terminal arranged self-recessing housing can be.
  • the space saving enables that in the Housing additional components such. B. sensors or a electrical evaluation circuit can be arranged.
  • the disconnector shown in Figures 1 to 5 has one particularly simple construction. It is in a plastic case 1 housed, which is connected to a pole terminal assembly 2 becomes. From above, a plastic housing 1 Tensioner assembly 3 used with an integrated Thermocouple 4 interacts. In addition, in the housing an input conductor 5 and an output conductor 6 are inserted. Finally, the housing 1 from the top with a Cover 7 are tightly closed (Figure 5).
  • the plastic housing 1 has one of a base plate and side walls limited control room 11, which the functional parts of the disconnector. Inside the plastic case is also by a curved partition 12th a space for receiving a pole terminal 21 is left out. There too the cover 7 has a corresponding recess 71, can the closed and sealed housing with the disconnector placed on the battery pole with the pole clamp 21 in this way be that the pole terminal or a corresponding Clamping screw 22 remain accessible from the outside.
  • the pole terminal 21 interacts with a clamp shoe 27, which with a Base plate 24 is riveted from sheet metal. At the front end lies with a U-bend 25 on the pole clamp 21, where it is fixed via the clamping screw 22.
  • the plastic case 1 is placed on the base plate 24 and hot stamped, whereby the entire battery disconnect switch is on both sides supported on the pole terminal. For better cross stiffening the base plate also has a continuous, vertical turn at the front.
  • a round pin 26 is molded onto the pole terminal shoe 27, the upwards through the plastic housing 1 protrudes into the control room 11.
  • This pin 26 is the Battery power on the inside riveted input conductor 5 in led the inside of the disconnector.
  • This entrance ladder 5 is made of copper sheet and is bent in a U-shape.
  • On Leg 51 is with a round hole 52 on the pin 26 attached and riveted.
  • the round cross section of the cone 26 is opposite to the bottom of the housing 1 sealed an O-ring 53 washproof.
  • the current sensor can directly on a vertically installed (not shown) PCB must be soldered.
  • the electronics of one Printed circuit board is used, for example, to evaluate the short circuit signal or also to display the over the current sensor detected battery currents for battery management.
  • a strand 10 for forwarding the current to one movable contact 81 welded.
  • This moving contact 81 is fastened in a contact spring 8, which is fixed to the housing is clamped.
  • the strand 10 is two superimposed flat strands, which means in the direction of actuation of contact 81 good flexibility with large Conductor cross sections is guaranteed.
  • the contact spring 8 is designed as a flat spring clamped on one side; the Contact tear force, the contact path and the contact force and the overstroke are applied via this one spring; this one part takes over the functions of a contact spring, a return spring and a contact rocker.
  • the movable contact 81 is approximately in the middle of the free spring length the contact spring 8 attached.
  • the free spring end 82 is bent and formed into a hook 83 with which the contact spring is in engagement with the tensioner.
  • the tensioning unit assembly 3 consists of a toggle lever tensioning unit, which is arranged on a carrier plate 31.
  • the contact spring 8 is on a tab bent vertically upwards 38 of the support plate 31 attached.
  • a square pin 39 bent vertically upwards, which is the fixed pivot point for the clamping mechanism serves.
  • the toggle lever of the tensioner is correspondingly two bent sheet metal parts, namely a first lever 32 and a second lever 33 is formed.
  • On the first lever 32 are two hinge pins 32a cut free in hinge holes of the U-shaped second toggle lever 33 lie and with these form a middle knee joint 37.
  • the second toggle 33 has further hinge holes 33b with which this second lever mounted on the mentioned square pin 39 is.
  • the first lever 32 has on its outer, i.e.
  • the thermocouple 4 is in the form of a wire within the Tensioner assembly between a suspension 41 and an operating arm 42 excited.
  • the suspension 41 is a rag which is perpendicular to the support plate 31 of the tensioner assembly projects.
  • the operating arm 42 is on the opposite Side of the toggle lever system on a perpendicular to the Carrier plate 31 arranged upwardly curved laps 34 and acts on the toggle lever system in the buckling direction.
  • Tab 34 has a recess 34a through which on the one hand the actuating arm bent at the end with its End surface acts on the knee joint 37 and through which on the other hand, the thermocouple from the suspension 41 to the actuating arm 42 is performed.
  • thermocouple For attaching the thermocouple on the actuating arm 42 there is an additional holder 43 provided.
  • the actuating arm 42 is resilient, so that he always the thermocouple with a certain Preloaded.
  • the tab 34 serves on the opposite Side of the actuating arm 42 also as a contact edge the toggle tensioner in the tensioned state.
  • thermocouple 4 To trigger the tensioning mechanism, the thermocouple 4 is connected via two Lines, not shown, are energized. As a result of the current, the thermocouple heats up and contracts. By contraction of the thermocouple Front of the cranked actuating arm 42 in the amount of Knee joint 37 pressed on the second lever 33. The operating arm 42 pushes the knee joint 37 over its dead center and is then due to the restoring force of the contact spring 8 fully depressed.
  • the switch flag 35 can be flipped to the Tension the toggle lever again and the contact spring closed again close (manual restart after electrical triggering).
  • the reverse is also a manual shutdown possible.
  • the switching flag 35 is in a recessed area in the lid, which is sealed to the outside with a sealing plug 73 can be. This plug 73 can also to be sealed to restart when continuing Prevent short circuit; in this case it is guaranteed that not the user of a vehicle, but only the workshop personnel after the short circuit has been remedied or a check of the circuit the load circuit again can turn on.
  • Output conductor 6 On the outside of the housing 1 is the one already mentioned Output conductor 6 attached. This is L-shaped, wherein a leg 61 over a sawtooth contour in a corresponding Bag attached to the outside of the housing 1 while a leg 62 is hot stamped on the housing is fixed. Through this fixation, the forces one screwed to the output conductor 6 via a bolt 63 Battery cable added; at the same time the whole through the L-shaped bend of the output conductor Housing stiffened. On the leg 62 is from the inside a fixed contact 64 is fastened through a round opening 15 protrudes into the interior of the housing. Carrying out 15 for this fixed contact 64 is sealed with an O-ring 16, so that the housing is closed wash-tight at this point is.
  • the fixed contact 64 consists, for example, of a Round copper part with plated or welded contact material.
  • an additional emergency power connection 9 arranged and connected to the input conductor 5. It is used to maintain emergency circuits, for example for a hazard warning system, even after the Circuit breaker.
  • the function of the disconnector should be repeated once again are briefly described.
  • the knee lever is tensioned in the idle state, with the middle knee joint 37 slightly over the dead center is pressed outwards and the first lever 32 on the Tab 34 abuts.
  • This state is shown in Figure 4.
  • the Contact spring 8 is against its bias in the Closed position pressed, the movable contact 81 is on the fixed contact 64.
  • the thermocouple 4 is excited the actuating arm 42 is pulled in the direction of the toggle lever system and pushes the middle one with its cranked face Knee joint 37 over the dead center. Beyond dead center the toggle lever with the contact and Tear force of the contact spring 8 deflected, and the spring contact will be opened.
  • the contact spring 8 and the toggle 32, 33 then take the dashed position shown in Figure 4 on.
  • thermocouple 4 is resilient due to the restoring force trained actuating arm 42 stretched again.
  • FIGS. 6 to 11 An alternative embodiment is shown in FIGS. 6 to 11 presented the invention.
  • This battery disconnect switch has a housing with a Housing base 111 and a housing cap 112, which on the Free space of a car battery in the area of a connection terminal is adjusted. Accordingly, the housing has a recess 113 for the battery terminal 114, which is a known structure owns and by means of a screw 115 on a battery pole, usually the positive pole of a vehicle battery, can be clamped.
  • the battery clamp is connected via an extension 116 114 connected to an input conductor 117, which in Form of a rail is made of a highly conductive material and integrally with a base plate 117a in one of the Housing base 111 formed switching space 119 can be used.
  • this input conductor 117b integrally formed, even after the battery disconnector has responded a supply of safety-relevant Functions, e.g. Hazard warning light, car phone, etc., with a low power consumption can be ensured.
  • a contact carrier 120c is integrally formed on the output conductor, which through an opening in the housing base 111 in the Control room is guided and carries a fixed contact 121.
  • the base plate 117a is via various screws 122 and Insulating washers 123 attached to the housing base 111 ( Figure 7) and also has a bent support plate 124, on which one strand 125 is welded, the other End is connected to a movable contact 126.
  • This movable contact 126 is a contact spring 127a worn, which integrally with a tear spring 127b formed by a flat spring 127 and on a contact rocker 128 is attached.
  • the contact rocker 128 is on one Bearing journal 148 pivoted.
  • the tear spring 127b is biased towards a contact opening and with her supported free end on the support plate 124.
  • the actual release system is arranged in the control room 119. It consists of a thermocouple 104 in the form of a Wire, which is between a bracket 129 and an operating arm 130 is excited.
  • the bracket 129 is a pin formed, which over a flat console 134 on the Base plate 117a is attached.
  • Console 134 is preferably made made of insulating material and has on one side a vertically raised essentially perpendicular to Thermocouple system wall 135.
  • a recess 135a through which the Thermocouple passes through.
  • Between the system wall 135 and the bracket 129 is a deflection 131 on the console 134 arranged, which is positioned so that the thermocouple 104 substantially perpendicular through the recess 135a in the contact wall 135 runs.
  • a guide pin 136 is also on the base plate 117a for a slide 137 and a bearing axis 138 for one Switch button 139 attached.
  • the slide 137 which is U-shaped Sheet metal is bent, forms a vertical with its front edges Notch 137a parallel to a corresponding notch 128a is opposite a rocker switch 128.
  • a longitudinal spring 141 is clamped; it is determined by the force of the contact spring 127a and the tear spring 127b pressed against the slide 137.
  • the Buckling spring 141 is between the deflection 131 and the contact wall 135 arranged and has an opening 141a, through which the thermocouple 104 is passed through.
  • the buckling spring 141 is slightly bent towards the wall 135 and has a preferred deflection towards it, so that it will move back in this direction after relaxation.
  • the deflection in its preferred direction is Middle section in the switch-on position shown in FIG. 9 just a few tenths of a millimeter. In this almost stretched
  • the condition of the buckling spring can also be that exerted by the slide 137 Transfer force to the contact rocker 128 and the contact closed against the restoring force of the tear spring 127b hold.
  • a slight contraction is sufficient the thermocouple to the buckling spring 141 from the contact wall 135 and pull them over the dead center or their stretched Length to move so that they are opposite Can bend side. On this opposite Side is not limited.
  • the rotary switch mentioned serves to actuate the slide 139, which is mounted on the bearing axis 138. He owns one eccentric driver pin 142 which is on a driver edge 143 of the slide 137 slides along.
  • the bearing axis 138 of the rotary switch is in the extension of the straight spring 141, and the slide 137 is over an elongated hole 144 on the guide pin 136 parallel to the straight one Buckling spring 141 guided while the driver edge 143 extends approximately perpendicular to it.
  • this driver edge 143 on both sides of the extension line limited to the buckling spring 141, so that there is an asymmetrical swivel range.
  • thermocouple 104 is used to trigger the disconnector a trigger signal in the form of current is supplied, which is shown in the Example using an electronic evaluation circuit 150 is generated in an electronics room 151 of the housing 111, 112 is housed. It is about not shown Lines connected to the thermocouple 104 and maintained for example sensor signals from an acceleration sensor, in the vehicle for the deployment of an airbag is.
  • the disconnector can also be used for Overload will be triggered.
  • a current sensor in the form of a Hall element 152 housed the one with the input conductor 117 encompassing ferrite ring 153 from the battery Load current measures. If a specified one is exceeded A corresponding threshold becomes in the evaluation circuit 150 Excitation pulse given to the thermocouple 104, which the Disconnector triggers.
  • FIG. 9 shows the switched on state.
  • the rotary switch 139 is opposite twisted clockwise so that the driver pin 142 abuts the limit 143b and the slide 137 in locked in its on position.
  • the articulated spring 141 that on the system wall 135 rests, stretched in the longitudinal direction, being due to its almost stretched condition, the elasticity of the Transfers slide to the contact rocker 128 and the Restoring forces of the tear spring 127b and the contact spring 127a overcomes.
  • the contact rocker 128 is therefore in Closed position, d. that is, the movable contact 126 is in contact the fixed contact 121 and closes the load circuit.
  • thermocouple 104 contracts and pulls the buckling spring 141 over the dead center so that they face the opposite Can bend side. Since they are on this page its deflection is not limited, it is limited by the Tear spring 127b in connection with the contact spring 127a so far bent that the contact rocker its opening position takes on the stop pin 146.
  • the buckling spring 141 is then bent as shown in Figure 11.
  • the thermocouple 104 is after the end of the current signal by the as a return spring trained actuating arm 130 stretched again.
  • the buckling spring 141 remains deflected, however, and the load circuit remains open even though the rotary switch 139 with the The driver pin 142 remains switched on and the slide 137 holds in its advanced switch-on position.
  • the contact rocker must be used to switch the load current on again be excited again. This is done by resetting the Slider 137 in the off position by the rotary switch 139 first rotated clockwise according to Figure 10 becomes.
  • the buckling spring relaxes and lies down again in its preferred position on the contact wall 135 according to FIG. 10 on. By supporting the buckling spring on the system wall will move to its switch-on position when the slide moves further 9, the slide stroke on the contact rocker 128 transmitted, and this is excited.
  • FIGS of a battery disconnect switch A third embodiment variant is shown in FIGS of a battery disconnect switch.
  • the figures show only the essential features of the battery isolator in schematic form.
  • This battery isolator has a partially shown housing 201, in which a with an input conductor, not shown, of a terminal connected 202 leads, which has a switching contact with one of the Housing leading output conductor 203 is connected.
  • the Switch contact consists of a fixed contact 204 and a movable contact 205, which on a pivotable Contact carrier 206 is arranged.
  • the swiveling contact carrier 206 is biased by a spring 207 in the open position and via a locking mechanism in the closed Position fixed.
  • the locking mechanism consists of a slidable pin 208, which in the closed position the contact carrier 206 against the Force of the spring 207 presses into the closed position.
  • the pencil 208 is slidably received in a holder 209 and has a projection above and below the bracket 210 and 211, which are arranged so that in the Closing position of the upper projection 210 on the bracket 209 abuts and the lower projection 211 at the opening position is pressed against the bracket 209 via the spring 207.
  • In the closed position is pin 208 about an axis 213 pivoted lever 212 locked, the front 214 of the pivotable lever 212 with the top of the projection 210 engages and thus opposes the pin 208 holds down the force of the spring 207.
  • the locking mechanism thus consists of the slidable pin 208 and the pivotable lever 212.
  • thermocouple 215 The pivotable lever engages on its pivotable end a thermocouple 215, the other end on a bracket is set.
  • thermocouple 215 fixed on the input conductor 202, however electrically insulated from this.
  • the thermocouple 215 is connected to two power lines 216 and 217, which via a sensor system or an electrical evaluation circuit in the event of a short circuit or a vehicle impact with electricity be charged.
  • the thermocouple 215 is over three pulleys 218 snake-shaped, which also leads to smallest space a thermocouple with a relatively large length can be used.
  • the thermocouple is supplied with current as already mentioned, whereupon it contracts and the lever 212 around the axis 213 pivots and thus the projection 210 on the pin 208 releases.
  • thermocouple 215 is in one long length available, which also makes the lever 212 can be chosen accordingly long. This is only a minor one Force to open the locking mechanism and to Swinging out of the lever 212 required. This power is without further realizable with a thermocouple.
  • FIG. 13 shows the open position of contacts 204 and 205.
  • a button 219 which on the one hand over a Handle 220 when pushing the sliding pin 208 in his Closing position presses and which at the same time via an L-shaped Arm 221 engages behind the pivotable lever 212 so that this is also pivoted back into its locking position becomes.
  • pivoting lever 212 back thermocouple 215 is simultaneously stretched.
  • the pencil 208 stands in the direction of the push button 219 above the upper one Projection 210 slightly so that the pivotable lever 212th when pushing the push button 219 against this protruding Part strikes. An overstretching or overstretching of the thermocouple 215 is therefore not possible.
  • the push button 219 is via a compression spring 222 which engages on the bracket 209 always biased in its open position and must therefore be pressed against the spring force of the spring 222.
  • a compression spring 222 which engages on the bracket 209 always biased in its open position and must therefore be pressed against the spring force of the spring 222.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un sectionneur pour un circuit de courant sous charge d'une batterie de véhicule, qui comprend un contact mobile (81, 126, 205) et un contact fixe (64, 121, 204). Le contact mobile est fixé en position fermée par un mécanisme de blocage. Pour ouvrir ledit mécanisme de blocage, on utilise un thermoélément (4, 104, 215) à base d'un alliage à mémoire de forme, qui se contracte lorsqu'il est chauffé.

Claims (28)

  1. Sectionneur pour un circuit de courant de charge d'une batterie d'un véhicule automobile, présentant les éléments suivants:
    un boítier (1; 111, 112, 201);
    un conducteur d'entrée (5; 117, 202) pouvant être raccordé à une borne polaire (21, 114);
    un conducteur de sortie (6; 120, 203) pouvant être raccordé à un circuit de courant de charge;
    un contact fixe (64, 121, 204) et un contact mobile (81, 126, 205) destiné à établir un raccordement de commutation entre le conducteur d'entrée (5, 117, 202) et le conducteur de sortie (6, 120, 203);
    un support de contact (8, 128, 206) supportant le contact mobile (81, 126, 205), pouvant être commuté entre une position d'ouverture et une position de fermeture, poussé par la force élastique dans la position d'ouverture;
    un mécanisme de verrouillage, fixant le support de contact (8, 128) dans la position de fermeture
    et un moyen d'ouverture du mécanisme de verrouillage, caractérisé en ce que
    le moyen d'ouverture du mécanisme de verrouillage est constitué par un élément thermique (4, 104, 215) composé d'un alliage à mémoire de forme, se contractant par suite d'un échauffement.
  2. Sectionneur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de verrouillage comporte un élément tendeur (32, 33; 141), poussant dans sa position étirée le contact mobile (81, 126) contre le contact fixe (64, 121), l'élément thermique (4, 104) agissant en vue de l'ouverture du mécanisme de verrouillage sur l'élément tendeur (32, 33; 141) de sorte à entraíner un fléchissement latéral de celui-ci.
  3. Sectionneur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément thermique (4, 104) s'engage par l'intermédiaire d'un bras d'actionnement (42, 130) dans l'élément tendeur (32, 33; 141).
  4. Sectionneur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le bras d'actionnement (42, 130) est constitué par un ressort de rappel de l'élément thermique (4, 104).
  5. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de verrouillage est constitué par un dispositif tendeur à genouillère, l'élément tendeur étant constitué par un premier levier (32) s'engageant dans le support de contact (8) et un deuxième levier (33) agencé dans un boítier, reliés par une articulation de genouillère médiane (37) en une genouillère, verrouillant le support de contact (8) dans sa position de fermeture dans un état pratiquement étiré.
  6. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le support de contact est constitué par un ressort de contact (8) étiré en longueur, à fixation unilatérale dans un boítier, supportant dans la section médiane de sa longueur le contact mobile (61), son extrémité libre ou mobile (82) s'engageant dans l'extrémité externe du premier levier de genouillère (32), établissant une première articulation tournante.
  7. Sectionneur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité libre (82) du ressort de contact (8) et l'extrémité externe du premier levier (32) s'engagent sous forme d'un crochet (83) et d'un oeillet (32b).
  8. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'élément thermique agit par l'intermédiaire du bras d'actionnement (42) de manière pratiquement perpendiculaire à l'axe d'étirement de la genouillère sur l'articulation médiane de la genouillère (37) et déplaçant celui-ci au-delà du point mort lors de la contraction de l'élément thermique (4).
  9. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le bras d'actionnement (42) est constitué par un ressort à lames coudé, dont l'extrémité coudée exerce une poussée sur l'articulation de la genouillère (37) lors de la contraction de l'élément thermique.
  10. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une touche d'arrêt agencée dans le boítier (1) s'engage dans l'articulation médiane de la genouillère (37), permettant une ouverture manuelle des contacts.
  11. Sectionneur selon les revendications 5 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième levier (33) est prolongé au-delà de l'extrémité externe agencée fermement sur le boítier vers une languette de commutation (35), accessible à travers une ouverture du boítier (72) en vue d'un actionnement manuel.
  12. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le support de contact est constitué par une bascule de contact (128), la bascule de contact (128) pouvant pivoter entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture et étant poussée dans la position d'ouverture par un ressort de rupture (127b), un ressort de flexion (141) servant d'élément tendeur étant fixé entre la bascule de contact et une contre-butée (137), la section médiane correspondante étant soumise à l'action de l'élément thermique (104) et présentant une flexion prédominante, opposée à la direction de l'action de l'élément thermique (104), cette flexion étant limitée par l'élément thermique (104) à une étendue inférieure au changement de la longueur de l'élément thermique, de sorte que dans l'état enclenché du sectionneur, le ressort de flexion pratiquement étiré (141) pousse la bascule de contact (128) dans sa position d'enclenchement, le ressort de flexion (141) étant lors de l'actionnement de l'élément thermique (104) déplacé au-delà de son point mort par suite de la contraction de l'élément thermique (104) et étant fléchi par le ressort de rupture (127b) dans une direction opposée à sa flexion prédominante, la bascule de contact (128) étant simultanément déplacée dans la position d'arrêt.
  13. Sectionneur selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la contre-butée du ressort de flexion (141) est constitué par un coulisseau pouvant être déplacé dans le sens longitudinal (137), pouvant être déplacé par un organe d'actionnement manuel (139) entre une position d'arrêt, dans laquelle le ressort de flexion (141) peut occuper sa position étirée ou sa position de flexion prédominante, la bascule de contact (128) se trouvant dans la position d'ouverture, et une position d'enclenchement, dans laquelle le ressort de flexion étiré (141) pousse la bascule de contact (128) dans sa position de fermeture.
  14. Sectionneur selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le coulisseau (137) est guidé par un guidage longitudinal (136, 144) de manière pratiquement parallèle au ressort de flexion étiré (141) et poussé par le ressort de rupture (127b) dans la position d'arrêt par l'intermédiaire du ressort de flexion (141).
  15. Sectionneur selon les revendications 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce qu'un commutateur rotatif (139) sert d'organe d'actionnement manuel, l'axe de rotation correspondant (138) étant perpendiculaire à une ligne de prolongement du ressort de flexion étiré (141) et s'engageant avec un pivot d'entraínement excentrique (142) dans un bord d'entraínement (143) du coulisseau (137), s'étendant transversalement à a ligne de prolongement, avec une zone de pivotement asymétrique par rapport à la ligne de prolongement.
  16. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 12 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de contact mobile (126) est raccordé par une ligne flexible (125) au conducteur d'entrée (117).
  17. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 12 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de contact mobile (126) est raccordée par un ressort de contact (127a) ayant la forme d'un ressort plat (127) à la bascule de contact (128).
  18. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 12 à 17, caractérisé en ce que le ressort de rupture (127b) est constitué par un ressort plat (127) raccordé à la bascule de contact (128) et poussé contre une butée stationnaire (124).
  19. Sectionneur selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que le ressort de contact (127a) et le ressort de rupture (127b) constituent des sections d'un ressort plat d'une seule pièce (127).
  20. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 12 à 19, caractérisé en ce que la bascule de contact (128) est agencée de façon rotative sur un tourillon stationnaire (148).
  21. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 20, caractérisé en ce que la source de tension est constituée par la batterie d'un véhicule, l'élément thermique (4, 104) pouvant être actionné par un capteur de court-circuit (152) et/ou un capteur de l'accélération.
  22. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le boítier (1; 111, 112) est agencé sur une borne polaire de la batterie du véhicule, évidant la borne polaire même (21, 114).
  23. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un capteur (122) est agencé dans le boítier (1, 111, 112).
  24. Sectionneur selon la revendication 23, caractérisé en ce que le boítier (111, 112) contient un capteur de courant (152), couplé au conducteur d'entrée (117) et mettant sous tension l'élément thermique (104) lors du dépassement d'un seuil de tension défini.
  25. Sectionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 23, caractérisé en ce que le boítier (1, 111, 112) contient un circuit d'évaluation électrique (150) destiné à l'actionnement de l'élément thermique (4, 104).
  26. Sectionneur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de verrouillage comporte une goupille mobile (208) et un levier pivotant (212), la goupille (208) poussant le support de contact (206) dans sa position fermée et le levier (212) verrouillant la goupille (208), l'élément thermique (215) étant raccordé, en vue de l'ouverture du mécanisme de verrouillage, avec le levier pivotant (212) de sorte que celui-ci dégager la goupille (208) lors de la contraction de l'élément thermique (215), le support de contact sollicité (206) se déplaçant dans la position d'ouverture.
  27. Sectionneur selon les revendications 1 ou 26, caractérisé en ce que l'élément thermique (215) est dévié par l'intermédiaire de poulies de déviation (218).
  28. Sectionneur selon les revendications 1 ou 26, caractérisé en ce que la remise en position initiale de l'élément thermique (215) est assurée par des moyens à actionnement manuel (219, 213, 212).
EP99963274A 1998-12-11 1999-12-01 Sectionneur Expired - Lifetime EP1141986B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19857324 1998-12-11
DE19857324 1998-12-11
PCT/DE1999/003850 WO2000036622A1 (fr) 1998-12-11 1999-12-01 Sectionneur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1141986A1 EP1141986A1 (fr) 2001-10-10
EP1141986B1 true EP1141986B1 (fr) 2002-09-11

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WO (1) WO2000036622A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTO20030262A1 (it) 2003-04-04 2004-10-05 Fiat Ricerche Dispositivo di serratura con mezzi attuatori a memoria di forma.
DE102006016648A1 (de) * 2006-04-08 2007-10-11 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Fernbedienbarer Hochstromschalter

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4782240A (en) * 1986-06-26 1988-11-01 Davidson Samuel L Safety battery connector
DE19525475B4 (de) * 1995-02-06 2005-10-13 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Sicherungsvorrichtung für eine Stromleitung in Fahrzeugen
DE19701933C1 (de) * 1997-01-21 1998-02-26 Siemens Ag Lasttrennschalter, insbesondere für den Laststromkreis einer Fahrzeugbatterie

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WO2000036622A1 (fr) 2000-06-22
EP1141986A1 (fr) 2001-10-10
DE59902702D1 (de) 2002-10-17

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