EP1140631B1 - Method of packaging a preshaped piece - Google Patents
Method of packaging a preshaped piece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1140631B1 EP1140631B1 EP99964465A EP99964465A EP1140631B1 EP 1140631 B1 EP1140631 B1 EP 1140631B1 EP 99964465 A EP99964465 A EP 99964465A EP 99964465 A EP99964465 A EP 99964465A EP 1140631 B1 EP1140631 B1 EP 1140631B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tray
- conveying device
- piece
- trays
- station
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
- B65B25/16—Packaging bread or like bakery products, e.g. unsliced loaves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
- B65B25/06—Packaging slices or specially-shaped pieces of meat, cheese, or other plastic or tacky products
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for packaging a preformed piece goods according to the preamble of claim 1 and a system for carrying out the method.
- Self-service stalls require good packaging of the presented goods. It is customary to fill the goods in a container, a so-called tray and to close the opening by a cover airtight.
- the trays are usually made in a thermoforming process of a plastic film and have at an open side at right angles to the opening outwardly extending edge portions. These edge parts are airtightly connected by a foil, which serves as a lid, by welding or gluing.
- the opening is aligned upward and the goods supplied from above.
- the shape of the tray is adapted to a preformed cargo this. This saves packaging material, the space and Reduces the area required and reduces the risk that the cargo will shift or fall apart during transport or otherwise within the tray.
- the size of the package to be packaged has relatively large tolerances, such as in shaped foods, especially if they consist of several loosely assembled parts, such as the sandwich, it is difficult to the piece goods through the opening in the To bring tray without the edge parts at the openings to touch or dirty. If the surface of the edge portions are dirty or remain on the edge portions of the cargo fallen particles, a subsequent sealing of the opening is made difficult by a lid or faulty.
- the piece goods are perishable goods, eg foodstuffs, oxidizing metal parts, goods sensitive to dust and moisture and the like, a tight closure of the opening must be ensured. For this reason, numerous monitoring and activities are still required today in many semi-automatic packaging systems for piece-shaped foods by means of a tray, especially in the area of filling the tray by a human.
- the invention has for its object to pack the cargo safer and easier and to improve the degree of automation of appropriate facilities. It is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.
- the tray is aligned and held so that its opening is perpendicular.
- At least one transport device promotes the cargo and / or the tray so towards each other, that the lower edge of the piece goods in Height of the lower edge of the opening is. Then the piece goods are pushed into the tray.
- the piece goods and the tray can be very well aligned in an automatic work process, so that the piece goods does not hit the edge parts of the tray. If small particles fall off the cargo during the filling process, eg from the sandwich, they do not fall onto the edge parts but into an intermediate space between the transport devices.
- the method is suitable both for prefabricated trays, which are made of a plastic or a plastic-coated material and are sold individually at a distance to a transport device that promotes the trays to a filling station, as well as for installations in which Trays in front of the filling station are made of plastic thermoforming foil.
- trays can be arranged one above the other transversely to the transport direction and filled at the same time in the different planes.
- the method according to the invention can be improved by mechanically guiding the piece goods when introduced into the tray, e.g. by the device for calibrating the piece goods or by a slider which lifts the piece goods from the transport device and serves to bridge a gap between the transport device and the tray.
- a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention regularly comprises a central conveyor, which conveys the trays from a supply station via a filling station, a closing station to a removal station.
- horizontal or vertical conveyors are appropriate. They can be designed as round conveyors, endless conveyors or linear conveyors.
- the thermoforming foil or its conveying device serves to transport the deep-drawn trays which are connected to one another by the thermoforming foil.
- the circular conveyor and the endless conveyor prefabricated trays are sold individually spaced from each other on the conveyor and held there in holders. These holding devices work expediently with compressed air or negative pressure by the negative pressure attracts the trays to the holding device and, if necessary, holds.
- the finished filled and closed trays can be ejected mechanically or by compressed air and arrive in an unloading on a cross conveyor.
- the closing station is expediently arranged diametrically to the supply station and the filling station is arranged diametrically to the removal station.
- the supply station and the removal station is in a same conveying direction, while the filling station and the closing station is arranged in the other conveying direction of the endless conveyor.
- the individual stations can also be arranged in series one behind the other. This is particularly useful when the trays are made in a thermoforming process from a thermoforming sheet.
- the filling station and the closing station adjoin a deep-drawing tool, followed by a separating tool which separates the filled and closed tray from the thermoforming foil.
- Such a system can be constructed in one or more horizontal planes as well as in one or more vertical planes, so that multiple trays can be filled simultaneously. If several filling stations are provided next to one another in the conveying direction, the conveying devices operate correspondingly clocked, with a corresponding number of trays being conveyed on each delivery stroke.
- the method according to the invention will be described with reference to a package of a sandwich as a piece 2.
- the sandwich 2 is made from square slices of bread, which are provided with a coating and folded. The sandwich is then split diagonally and the two halves are placed one on top of the other. The thus prepared and preformed sandwich 2 is placed on a conveyor 6.
- the tray 1 has an opening 3, adjoin the outwardly extending edge portions 4.
- the opening 3 faces the sandwich 2 and is oriented substantially vertically. Small deviations from the vertical do not jeopardize the success of the invention, but can favor the filling and holding of the sandwich when the opening 3 is slightly upwards.
- the conveyors 6 and 7 align the tray 1 and the sandwich 2 to each other so that in a filling station 23rd (Fig. 6, 7, 8, 9) a lower edge 20 of the sandwich 2 in the height of the lower edge 19 of the opening 3 is located.
- the sandwich 2 is calibrated by a piston 10 in the direction 11 on the opening 3 of the tray 1 and pushed with a loading device 17 in the direction 12 in the tray 1 (FIGS. 2, 3 ). If, during this process, parts of the sandwich 2 fall off, they may fall off through a gap 9 and e.g. be disposed of by a collecting container or a conveyor belt. In order to facilitate the insertion of the sandwich 2 in the tray 1, a slider 8 is provided, which lifts the sandwich 2 from the conveyor 6 and bridges the gap 9 by being moved in the direction 13.
- the sandwich 2 is guided on the one hand through the slider 8 and the other by the piston 10 so that it safely enters the tray 1, without damaging or dirtying the edge parts 4.
- the slider 8 in the direction 16 and the loading device 17 in the direction 15 and the piston 10 is retracted in the direction 14 and the opening 3 is closed with a lid 5, which is glued or welded airtight with the edge parts 4 (Fig. 4).
- 5 shows a simplified plan view without a slider 8 and a piston 10.
- Plants (FIGS. 6 to 9) for carrying out the method according to the invention expediently have a central conveying device, for example in the form of a horizontal circular conveyor 21, a horizontal endless conveyor 48, a linear conveyor, in which a thermoforming sheet 38 serves as conveying means (FIG. 8) and one vertical linear conveyor, in which also the thermoforming sheet 38 as a conveyor serves (Fig. 9). Due to the different systems, the respective space and space available can be used well.
- the systems according to FIGS. 6 and 7 operate with prefabricated trays 1, which are kept ready in a stack 18 in a supply station 22 and are deposited individually on the circular conveyor 21.
- This has holders 31 with pressure ports 33. At negative pressure at the pressure ports 33, the trays 1 can be sucked and held.
- a test device 32 checks whether a tray 1 is present in the holder 31. In the next conveying step, the tray 1 reaches a filling station 23, to which sandwiches 2 have been conveyed in the meantime via a conveyor belt 29 in the direction 35.
- the loading device 17 now pushes the sandwich 2 optionally with the use of a piston 10 and / or a slider 8 in the prepared tray 1.
- the filled tray 1 passes after two further steps to a Verschscherstation 24, in which the opening 3 of the tray 1 of a Sealing device 27 is closed with a film 25 which is held ready on a film roll 26 and optionally guided over deflecting rollers 46 to the tray 1. While the tray 1 is sealed, it is supported on the bracket 31. At the same time, the sealed foil of the previously sealed tray is also cut.
- the filled and closed tray 47 reaches a removal station 28 with a conveyor belt 30.
- the packaged sandwich 47 is deposited on the conveyor belt 30 by pressurizing the pressure connections 33 with compressed air.
- the conveyor belt 30 further conveys the already stored trays 47 in the conveying direction 36.
- an attachment is shown in a plane. But it is also possible to arrange several levels one above the other or on the same level one behind the other, so that several trays 1 can be filled in the filling station 23 at the same time.
- the plant according to FIG. 7 differs from the plant according to FIG. 6 in that an endless conveyor 48 is provided which conveys on its longitudinal sides in opposite directions of conveyance 34.
- the removal station 28 is provided in addition to the supply station 22, while on the opposite longitudinal side of the filling station 23 are arranged with the closing station 24 downstream in the conveying direction 34.
- the trays 1 are produced in front of the filling station 23 by a deep-drawing device 40 from a thermoforming film 38.
- the thermoforming sheet 38 by which the trays 1 are connected and held together and which serves as a conveyor, is supplied from a vertically arranged film roll 37 via a guide roller 39 with a vertical axis of rotation of the thermoforming device 40.
- the filled and sealed trays 47 were separated out of the thermoforming sheet 38 with a separating tool 42 and deposited on the conveyor belt 30, the remaining film 44 is wound on a take-up roll 45 via a deflection roll 43.
- the axes of rotation of the deflecting roll 43 and the take-up roll 45 are also arranged vertically.
- an axially adjustable counter bearing 41 is provided, which applies the reaction forces during the sealing process by the sealing device 27.
- the system of FIG. 9 differs essentially from the system of FIG. 8 in that the individual stations 23, 24, 28 are arranged substantially vertically one above the other and thus the entire system requires a small footprint. It is particularly easy to arrange several trays 1 in a horizontal plane next to each other and to fill at the same time.
- the axes of rotation of the film roll 37, the guide roller 39, the film roll 26 and the guide roller 43 and the take-up roll 45 are arranged horizontally here.
- FIG. 10 A variant of this is shown in FIG. 10, in which a vertical conveyor 51 has an endless conveyor belt 51 which connects carrier plates 50 with each other.
- the prefabricated trays 1 are inserted into the carrier plates 50 by a stack 18 and conveyed to the filling station 23, the closing station 24 and the removal station 28.
- the capping station 24 may include a vacuum chamber 49 which closes during sealing and creates a vacuum in the tray 1.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closing Of Containers (AREA)
- Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verpacken eines vorgeformten Stückguts nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 sowie eine Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for packaging a preformed piece goods according to the preamble of
Verkaufsstände mit Selbstbedienung erfordern eine gute Verpackung der dargebotenen Ware. Es ist üblich, die Ware in einen Behälter, ein sogenanntes Tray einzufüllen und die Öffnung durch einen Deckel luftdicht zu verschließen. Die Trays werden in der Regel in einem Tiefziehverfahren aus einer Kunststoffolie hergestellt und weisen an einer offenen Seite sich rechtwinklig zur Öffnung nach außen erstreckende Randteile auf. Diese Randteile werden mit einer Folie, die als Deckel dient, durch Schweißen oder Kleben luftdicht verbunden.Self-service stalls require good packaging of the presented goods. It is customary to fill the goods in a container, a so-called tray and to close the opening by a cover airtight. The trays are usually made in a thermoforming process of a plastic film and have at an open side at right angles to the opening outwardly extending edge portions. These edge parts are airtightly connected by a foil, which serves as a lid, by welding or gluing.
Zum Füllen des Trays wird die Öffnung nach oben ausgerichtet und die Ware von oben zugeführt. Die Form des Trays ist bei einem vorgeformten Stückgut diesem angepaßt. Dadurch wird Verpackungsmaterial eingespart, der Raum- und Flächenbedarf verringert und die Gefahr vermindert, daß sich das Stückgut beim Transport oder sonstwie innerhalb des Trays verlagert oder auseinanderfällt. In den Fällen, in denen die Größe des zu verpackenden Stückguts relativ große Toleranzen aufweist, wie z.B. bei geformten Lebensmitteln, insbesondere wenn sie aus mehreren, lose zusammengefügten Teilen bestehen, wie z.B. beim Sandwich, ist es schwierig, das Stückgut durch die Öffnung in das Tray zu bringen, ohne die Randteile an den Öffnungen zu berühren oder zu verschmutzen. Wird die Oberfläche der Randteile verschmutzt oder bleiben auf den Randteilen vom Stückgut abgefallene Teilchen liegen, wird eine anschließende Versiegelung der Öffnung durch einen Deckel erschwert oder fehlerhaft. Handelt es sich bei dem Stückgut um verderbliche Waren, z.B. Lebensmittel, oxydierende Metallteile, gegen Staub und Feuchtigkeit empfindliche Waren und dgl., muß aber ein dichter Abschluß der Öffnung gewährleistet sein. Aus diesem Grund sind heute noch bei vielen teilautomatisierten Verpackungsanlagen für stückförmige Lebensmittel mittels eines Trays zahlreiche Überwachungen und Tätigkeiten, insbesondere im Bereich des Füllens des Trays, durch einen Menschen erforderlich.To fill the tray, the opening is aligned upward and the goods supplied from above. The shape of the tray is adapted to a preformed cargo this. This saves packaging material, the space and Reduces the area required and reduces the risk that the cargo will shift or fall apart during transport or otherwise within the tray. In cases where the size of the package to be packaged has relatively large tolerances, such as in shaped foods, especially if they consist of several loosely assembled parts, such as the sandwich, it is difficult to the piece goods through the opening in the To bring tray without the edge parts at the openings to touch or dirty. If the surface of the edge portions are dirty or remain on the edge portions of the cargo fallen particles, a subsequent sealing of the opening is made difficult by a lid or faulty. If the piece goods are perishable goods, eg foodstuffs, oxidizing metal parts, goods sensitive to dust and moisture and the like, a tight closure of the opening must be ensured. For this reason, numerous monitoring and activities are still required today in many semi-automatic packaging systems for piece-shaped foods by means of a tray, especially in the area of filling the tray by a human.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Stückgut sicherer und einfacher zu verpacken und den Automatisierungsgrad entsprechender Anlagen zu verbessern. Sie wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention has for its object to pack the cargo safer and easier and to improve the degree of automation of appropriate facilities. It is achieved according to the invention by the features of
Nach der Erfindung wird das Tray so ausgerichtet und gehalten, daß seine Öffnung lotrecht liegt. Mindestens eine Transporteinrichtung fördert das Stückgut und/oder das Tray so aufeinander zu, daß die untere Kante des Stückguts in Höhe der unteren Kante der Öffnung liegt. Danach wird das Stückgut in das Tray geschoben. Bei diesem Verfahren können das Stückgut und das Tray sehr gut in einem automatischen Arbeitsverfahren aufeinander ausgerichtet werden, so daß das Stückgut nicht auf die Randteile des Trays trifft. Fallen während des Füllvorgangs kleine Teilchen vom Stückgut ab, z.B. vom Sandwich, fallen diese nicht auf die Randteile, sondern in einen Zwischenraum zwischen den Transporteinrichtungen.According to the invention, the tray is aligned and held so that its opening is perpendicular. At least one transport device promotes the cargo and / or the tray so towards each other, that the lower edge of the piece goods in Height of the lower edge of the opening is. Then the piece goods are pushed into the tray. In this method, the piece goods and the tray can be very well aligned in an automatic work process, so that the piece goods does not hit the edge parts of the tray. If small particles fall off the cargo during the filling process, eg from the sandwich, they do not fall onto the edge parts but into an intermediate space between the transport devices.
Das Verfahren eignet sich sowohl für vorgefertigte Trays, die aus einem Kunststoff oder aus einem mit Kunststoff beschichteten Werkstoff hergestellt sind und einzeln in einem Abstand zueinander auf eine Transporteinrichtung abgesetzt werden, die die Trays zu einer Füllstation fördert, als auch für Anlagen, bei denen die Trays vor der Füllstation aus einer Tiefziehfolie aus Kunststoff gefertigt werden. Dabei können mehrere Trays quer zur Transportrichtung übereinander angeordnet und in den verschiedenen Ebenen gleichzeitig befüllt werden.The method is suitable both for prefabricated trays, which are made of a plastic or a plastic-coated material and are sold individually at a distance to a transport device that promotes the trays to a filling station, as well as for installations in which Trays in front of the filling station are made of plastic thermoforming foil. In this case, several trays can be arranged one above the other transversely to the transport direction and filled at the same time in the different planes.
Ist das Stückgut kompressibel, ist es zweckmäßig, das Stückgut vor dem Einbringen in das Tray auf die Größe der Öffnung zu kalibrieren. Ferner kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dadurch verbessert werden, daß das Stückgut beim Einbringen in das Tray mechanisch geführt wird, z.B. durch die Einrichtung zum Kalibrieren des Stückguts oder durch einen Schieber, der das Stückgut von der Transporteinrichtung abhebt und zum Überbrücken eines Zwischenraums zwischen der Transporteinrichtung und dem Tray dient.If the piece goods are compressible, it is expedient to calibrate the piece goods before the introduction into the tray to the size of the opening. Furthermore, the method according to the invention can be improved by mechanically guiding the piece goods when introduced into the tray, e.g. by the device for calibrating the piece goods or by a slider which lifts the piece goods from the transport device and serves to bridge a gap between the transport device and the tray.
Eine Anlage zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens umfaßt regelmäßig eine zentrale Fördereinrichtung, die die Trays von einer Bereitstellstation über eine Füllstation, eine Verschließstation zu einer Entnahmestation fördert. Je nach zur Verfügung stehendem Raum sind Horizontal- oder Vertikalförderer zweckmäßig. Sie können als Rundförderer, Endlosförderer oder Linearförderer ausgebildet sein. Umfaßt die Anlage eine Tiefziehvorrichtung vor der Füllstation, um die Trays im Tiefziehverfahren aus einer Tiefziehfolie herzustellen, dient die Tiefziehfolie bzw. deren Fördereinrichtung zum Transport der tiefgezogenen Trays, die durch die Tiefziehfolie miteinander verbunden sind.A plant for carrying out the method according to the invention regularly comprises a central conveyor, which conveys the trays from a supply station via a filling station, a closing station to a removal station. Depending on the available space, horizontal or vertical conveyors are appropriate. They can be designed as round conveyors, endless conveyors or linear conveyors. If the system comprises a deep-drawing device in front of the filling station in order to deep-draw the trays from a thermoforming foil, the thermoforming foil or its conveying device serves to transport the deep-drawn trays which are connected to one another by the thermoforming foil.
Bei dem Rundförderer und dem Endlosförderer werden vorgefertigte Trays einzeln im Abstand voneinander auf die Fördereinrichtung abgesetzt und dort in Haltevorrichtungen gehalten. Diese Haltevorrichtungen arbeiten zweckmäßigerweise mit Druckluft oder Unterdruck, indem der Unterdruck die Trays an die Haltevorrichtung anzieht und erforderlichenfalls festhält. Die fertig gefüllten und geschlossenen Trays können mechanisch oder durch Druckluft ausgestoßen werden und gelangen in einer Entladestation auf eine Querfördereinrichung. Bei einem Rundförderer ist die Verschließstation zweckmäßigerweise diametral zur Bereitstellstation und die Füllstation diametral zur Entnahmestation angeordnet. Bei einem Endlosförderer, der besonders für eine länger gestreckte Anlage geeignet ist und zwei entgegengesetzte Förderrichtungen aufweist, liegt die Bereitstellstation und die Entnahmestation in einer gleichen Förderrichtung, während die Füllstation und die Verschließstation an der anderen Förderrichtung des Endlosförderers angeordnet ist.In the circular conveyor and the endless conveyor prefabricated trays are sold individually spaced from each other on the conveyor and held there in holders. These holding devices work expediently with compressed air or negative pressure by the negative pressure attracts the trays to the holding device and, if necessary, holds. The finished filled and closed trays can be ejected mechanically or by compressed air and arrive in an unloading on a cross conveyor. In a round conveyor, the closing station is expediently arranged diametrically to the supply station and the filling station is arranged diametrically to the removal station. In an endless conveyor, which is particularly suitable for a longer stretched plant and has two opposite conveying directions, the supply station and the removal station is in a same conveying direction, while the filling station and the closing station is arranged in the other conveying direction of the endless conveyor.
Die einzelnen Stationen können auch in Reihe hintereinander angeordnet sein. Dies ist besonders zweckmäßig, wenn die Trays in einem Tiefziehverfahren aus einer Tiefziehfolie gefertigt werden. Bei einer solchen Anlage schließt sich an ein Tiefziehwerkzeug die Befüllstation und die Schließstation an, gefolgt von einem Trennwerkzeug, das das gefüllte und verschlossene Tray aus der Tiefziehfolie heraustrennt. Eine solche Anlage kann sowohl in einer oder mehreren horizontalen Ebenen als auch in einer oder mehreren vertikalen Ebenen aufgebaut werden, so daß mehrere Trays gleichzeitig gefüllt werden können. Sind mehrere Füllstationen in Förderrichtung nebeneinander vorgesehen, arbeiten die Fördereinrichtungen entsprechend getaktet, wobei bei jedem Förderhub entsprechend viele Trays weitergefördert werden.The individual stations can also be arranged in series one behind the other. This is particularly useful when the trays are made in a thermoforming process from a thermoforming sheet. In such a plant, the filling station and the closing station adjoin a deep-drawing tool, followed by a separating tool which separates the filled and closed tray from the thermoforming foil. Such a system can be constructed in one or more horizontal planes as well as in one or more vertical planes, so that multiple trays can be filled simultaneously. If several filling stations are provided next to one another in the conveying direction, the conveying devices operate correspondingly clocked, with a corresponding number of trays being conveyed on each delivery stroke.
In der Beschreibung und in den Ansprüchen sind zahlreiche Merkmale im Zusammenhang dargestellt und beschrieben. Der Fachmann wird die kombinierten Merkmale zweckmäßigerweise im Sinne der zu lösenden Aufgaben auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammenfassen.In the description and in the claims, numerous features are illustrated and described in conjunction. The person skilled in the art will consider the combined features expediently individually in terms of the tasks to be solved and combine them into meaningful further combinations.
In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt.In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are shown.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- schematische Darstellung eines ersten Schritts eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensablaufs,
- Fig. 2
- einen optionalen Verfahrensschritt,
- Fig. 3
- einen weiteren Verfahrensschritt,
- Fig. 4
- einen abschließenden Verfahrensschritt,
- Fig. 5
- eine schematische Draufsicht,
- Fig. 6
- eine Anlage mit einem horizontalen Rundförderer,
- Fig. 7
- eine Anlage mit einem horizontalen Endlosföderer,
- Fig. 8
- eine Anlage mit einem horizontalen Linearförderer,
- Fig. 9
- eine Anlage mit einem vertikalen Linearförderer und
- Fig. 10
- eine Variante zu Fig. 9.
- Fig. 1
- schematic representation of a first step of a method sequence according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- an optional process step,
- Fig. 3
- a further process step,
- Fig. 4
- a final process step,
- Fig. 5
- a schematic plan view,
- Fig. 6
- a plant with a horizontal circular conveyor,
- Fig. 7
- a plant with a horizontal endless conveyor,
- Fig. 8
- a system with a horizontal linear conveyor,
- Fig. 9
- a plant with a vertical linear conveyor and
- Fig. 10
- a variant of FIG. 9.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird anhand einer Verpackung eines Sandwiches als Stückgut 2 beschrieben. In der Regel wird das Sandwich 2 aus quadratischen Brotscheiben hergestellt, die mit einem Belag versehen und zusammengeklappt werden. Das Sandwich wird dann diagonal geteilt und die beiden Hälften entsprechend aufeinander gelegt. Das so vorbereitete und vorgeformte Sandwich 2 wird auf eine Fördereinrichtung 6 gelegt.The method according to the invention will be described with reference to a package of a sandwich as a
Ein Tray 1, das aus einer Kunststoffolie oder aus einem anderen mit Kunststoff beschichteten Material hergestellt ist, wird auf einer zweiten Fördereinrichtung 7 bereitgehalten. Das Tray 1 besitzt eine Öffnung 3, an der sich nach außen erstreckende Randteile 4 anschließen. Die Öffnung 3 weist zum Sandwich 2 hin und ist im wesentlichen vertikal ausgerichtet. Geringe Abweichungen von der Senkrechten gefährden den erfindungsgemäßen Erfolg nicht, sondern können das Einfüllen und Halten des Sandwiches begünstigen, wenn die Öffnung 3 leicht nach oben weist. Die Fördereinrichtungen 6 und 7 richten das Tray 1 und das Sandwich 2 so zueinander aus, daß in einer Füllstation 23 (Fig. 6, 7, 8, 9) eine untere Kante 20 des Sandwiches 2 in der Höhe der unteren Kante 19 der Öffnung 3 liegt.A
Sind das Tray 1 und das Sandwich 2 so zueinander ausgerichtet, wird das Sandwich 2 durch einen Kolben 10 in Richtung 11 auf die Öffnung 3 des Trays 1 kalibriert und mit einer Beladevorrichtung 17 in Richtung 12 in das Tray 1 geschoben (Fig. 2, 3). Sollten bei diesem Vorgang Teile des Sandwiches 2 abfallen, können diese durch einen Zwischenraum 9 herunterfallen und z.B. durch einen Auffangbehälter oder ein Förderband entsorgt werden. Um das Einführen des Sandwiches 2 in das Tray 1 zu erleichtern, ist ein Schieber 8 vorgesehen, der das Sandwich 2 von der Fördereinrichtung 6 abhebt und den Zwischenraum 9 überbrückt, indem es in Richtung 13 bewegt wird. Somit wird das Sandwich 2 zum einen durch den Schieber 8 und zum anderen durch den Kolben 10 geführt, so daß es sicher in das Tray 1 gelangt, ohne die Randteile 4 zu beschädigen oder zu beschmutzen. Danach wird der Schieber 8 in Richtung 16 und die Beladevorrichtung 17 in Richtung 15 sowie der Kolben 10 in Richtung 14 zurückgezogen und die Öffnung 3 mit einem Deckel 5 verschlossen, der mit den Randteilen 4 luftdicht verklebt oder verschweißt wird (Fig. 4). Fig. 5 zeigt eine vereinfachte Draufsicht ohne einen Schieber 8 und einen Kolben 10.If the
Anlagen (Fig. 6 bis 9) zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besitzen zweckmäßigerweise eine zentrale Fördereinrichtung, z.B. in Form eines horizontalen Rundförderers 21, eines horizontalen Endlosförderers 48, eines Linearförderers, bei der eine Tiefziehfolie 38 als Fördermittel dient (Fig. 8) und eines vertikalen Linearförderers, bei dem ebenfalls die Tiefziehfolie 38 als Fördermittel dient (Fig. 9). Durch die unterschiedlichen Anlagen können die jeweiligen vorhandenen Platz- und Raumverhältnisse gut genutzt werden.Plants (FIGS. 6 to 9) for carrying out the method according to the invention expediently have a central conveying device, for example in the form of a horizontal
Die Anlagen nach Fig. 6 und 7 arbeiten mit vorgefertigten Trays 1, die in einem Stapel 18 in einer Bereitstellstation 22 bereitgehalten werden und einzeln auf den Rundförderer 21 abgesetzt werden. Dieser besitzt Halterungen 31 mit Druckanschlüssen 33. Bei Unterdruck an den Druckanschlüssen 33 können die Trays 1 angesaugt und gehalten werden. Dreht der Rundförderer 21 in Förderrichtung 34 um eine Position weiter, prüft eine Prüfeinrichtung 32, ob ein Tray 1 in der Halterung 31 vorhanden ist. Im nächsten Förderschritt erreicht das Tray 1 eine Füllstation 23, zu der in der Zwischenzeit über ein Förderband 29 in Richtung 35 Sandwiches 2 gefördert wurden. Die Beladevorrichtung 17 schiebt nun das Sandwich 2 gegebenenfalls unter Benutzung eines Kolbens 10 und/oder eines Schiebers 8 in das bereitgehaltene Tray 1. Das gefüllte Tray 1 gelangt nach zwei weiteren Förderschritten zu einer Verschließstation 24, in der die Öffnung 3 des Trays 1 von einer Versiegelungsvorrichtung 27 mit einer Folie 25 verschlossen wird, die auf einer Folienrolle 26 bereitgehalten und gegebenenfalls über Umlenkrollen 46 zum Tray 1 geführt wird. Während das Tray 1 versiegelt wird, stützt es sich an der Halterung 31 ab. Hierbei wird auch gleichzeitig die versiegelte Folie des davor gesiegelten Trays geschnitten.The systems according to FIGS. 6 and 7 operate with
Nach zwei weiteren Förderschritten des Rundförderers 21 gelangt das gefüllte und verschlossene Tray 47 zu einer Entnahmestation 28 mit einem Förderband 30. Das verpackte Sandwich 47 wird auf das Förderband 30 abgelegt, indem die Druckanschlüsse 33 mit Druckluft beaufschlagt werden. Danach fördert das Förderband 30 die bereits abgelegten Trays 47 in Förderrichtung 36 weiter. In Fig. 6 ist eine Anlage in einer Ebene dargestellt. Es ist aber auch möglich, mehrere Ebenen übereinander oder auf der gleichen Ebene hintereinander anzuordnen, so daß mehrere Trays 1 in der Füllstation 23 gleichzeitig befüllt werden können.After two further conveying steps of the
Die Anlage nach Fig. 7 unterscheidet sich von der Anlage nach Fig. 6 dadurch, daß ein Endlosförderer 48 vorgesehen ist, der an seinen Längsseiten in zueinander entgegengesetzten Förderrichtungen 34 fördert. An einer Längsseite ist neben der Bereitstellstation 22 die Entnahmestation 28 vorgesehen, während auf der gegenüberliegenden Längsseite die Füllstation 23 mit der in Förderrichtung 34 nachgeschalteten Verschließstation 24 angeordnet sind.The plant according to FIG. 7 differs from the plant according to FIG. 6 in that an
Bei der Anlage nach Fig. 8 werden die Trays 1 vor der Füllstation 23 durch eine Tiefziehvorrichtung 40 aus einer Tiefziehfolie 38 hergestellt. Die Tiefziehfolie 38, durch die die Trays 1 miteinander verbunden und gehalten sind und die als Fördermittel dient, wird von einer senkrecht angeordneten Folienrolle 37 über eine Umlenkwalze 39 mit einer senkrechten Rotationsachse der Tiefziehvorrichtung 40 zugeführt. Nachdem nach der Verschließstation 24 die gefüllten und versiegelten Trays 47 mit einem Trennwerkzeug 42 aus der Tiefziehfolie 38 herausgetrennt und auf das Förderband 30 abgelegt wurden, wird die Restfolie 44 über eine Umlenkwalze 43 auf eine Aufwickelrolle 45 aufgespult Die Rotationsachsen der Umlenkwalze 43 und der Aufwickelrolle 45 sind ebenfalls senkrecht angeordnet. Im Bereich der Verschließstation 24 ist ein axial verstellbares Gegenlager 41 vorgesehen, das während des Siegelvorgangs durch die Versiegelungsvorrichtung 27 die Reaktionskräfte aufbringt.In the plant according to FIG. 8, the
Die Anlage nach Fig. 9 unterscheidet sich im wesentlichen von der Anlage nach Fig. 8 dadurch, daß die einzelnen Stationen 23, 24, 28 im wesentlichen vertikal übereinander angeordnet sind und damit die gesamte Anlage eine geringe Grundfläche beansprucht. Hierbei ist es besonders einfach, mehrere Trays 1 in einer horizontalen Ebene nebeneinander anzuordnen und gleichzeitig zu füllen. Die Rotationsachsen der Folienrolle 37, der Umlenkwalze 39, der Folienrolle 26 sowie der Umlenkwalze 43 und der Aufwickelrolle 45 sind hier horizontal angeordnet. Eine Variante hierzu zeigt Fig. 10, bei der ein Vertikalförderer 51 ein endlos Förderband 51 aufweist, das Trägerplatten 50 mit einander verbindet. Die vorgefertigten Trays 1 werden von einem Stapel 18 in die Trägerplatten 50 eingesetzt und zu der Füllstation 23, der Verschließstation 24 und der Entnahmestation 28 gefördert. Die Verschließstation 24 kann eine Vakuumkammer 49 enthalten, die während des Versiegelns schließt und im Tray 1 ein Vakuum erzeugt.The system of FIG. 9 differs essentially from the system of FIG. 8 in that the
Claims (20)
- A method for packaging a preshaped piece (2) by means of a tray (1), which is adapted to the shape of the piece (2) and which, at an open side, has edge parts (4) which extend outwards at right angles to the opening (3), whose surface consists of plastic, comprising the following process steps:- the piece is inserted in the tray (1) from the open side,- the opening (3) is covered with a lid (5) whose surface facing the tray (1) consists of plastic,- the lid (5) is connected to the edge parts (4) of the tray (1) in an airtight manner,characterised by the following process steps:- the tray (1) is aligned and held in such a manner that its opening (3) lies vertically,- at least one conveying device (6, 7) conveys the piece (2) and/or the tray (1) towards one another so that the lower edge (20) of the piece (2) is located at the level of the lower edge (19) of the opening (3), and- the piece (2) is pushed into the tray (1).
- The method according to claim 1, characterised in that individual prefabricated trays (1) are lowered at a distance from one another onto a conveying device (7, 21, 48) which conveys the trays (1) to a filling station (23).
- The method according to claim 1, characterised in that the trays (1) are fabricated from a deep drawing film (38) made of plastic in a deep drawing method before a filling station (23).
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a compressible piece (2) is calibrated to the size of the opening (3) before being inserted into the tray (1).
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that during insertion into the tray (1) the piece (2) is lifted from the conveying device (6, 21, 48) by means of a slider (8) which serves to bridge an intermediate space (9) between the conveying device (6, 21, 48) and the tray (1).
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality of trays (1) arranged above one another and/or adjacent to one another are filled simultaneously.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lid (5) consists of a plastic film (25) which is welded, clamped or glued to the edge parts (4).
- An installation for carrying out a method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a central conveying device (7, 21, 48, 38) conveys the trays (1) from a marshalling station (22) via a filling station (23), a closing station (24) for airtight joining according to claim 1, to a removal station (28), characterised in that devices for carrying out the process step according to claim 1 are provided.
- The installation according to claim 8, characterised in that the central conveying device (7, 21, 48, 38) operates with a pulsed feed.
- The installation according to claim 8, characterised in that the central conveying device (7, 21, 48, 38) operates with a continuous feed and runs synchronously in the area of the filling station (23) with the conveying device (29) which conveys the piece (2).
- The installation according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the central conveying device is a horizontal conveyer (7, 21, 48, 38).
- The installation according to any one of claims 8 or 10, characterised in that the central conveying device is a circular conveyer (21).
- The installation according to claim 12, characterised in that the filling station (23) is located diametrically opposite to the removal station (28).
- The installation according to claim 8 or 10, characterised in that the central conveying device is a linear conveyer (38).
- The installation according to claim 14, characterised in that the central conveying device is a continuous conveyer (48) comprising two oppositely directed conveying devices (34), wherein the marshalling station (22) and the removal station (28) are located in one conveying direction (34) whereas the filling station (23) and the closing station (24) are arranged in the opposite conveying direction (34).
- The installation according to any one of claims 8 to 10 or 12 to 14, characterised in that the central conveying device is a vertical conveyor (38, 51).
- The installation according to any one of claims 8 to 16, characterised in that the central conveying device (21) comprises retaining devices (31, 50) for the trays (1).
- The installation according to claim 17, characterised in that the trays (1) are conveyed by compressed air or negative pressure to the retaining devices (31) and are held there by negative pressure.
- The installation according to claim 17 or claim 18, characterised in that the trays (1) are released by compressed air or mechanically from the retaining devices (31) and are brought onto a transverse conveying device (30).
- The installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the central conveying device contains a deep drawing film (38) made of plastic from which the trays (1) are produced in a deep drawing method before the filling station (23) and are cut out after sealing.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19860577A DE19860577A1 (en) | 1998-12-29 | 1998-12-29 | Process for packaging a preformed piece |
| DE19860577 | 1998-12-29 | ||
| PCT/DE1999/004109 WO2000038993A1 (en) | 1998-12-29 | 1999-12-27 | Method of packaging a preshaped piece |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1140631A1 EP1140631A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 |
| EP1140631B1 true EP1140631B1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
Family
ID=7893025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99964465A Expired - Lifetime EP1140631B1 (en) | 1998-12-29 | 1999-12-27 | Method of packaging a preshaped piece |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1140631B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE342196T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU3032500A (en) |
| DE (3) | DE19860577A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000038993A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10233273A1 (en) | 2002-07-23 | 2004-02-05 | Zeh, Karl, Dipl.-Ing. | Tray for packaging goods |
| DE10239260A1 (en) | 2002-08-26 | 2004-03-04 | Zeh, Karl, Dipl.-Ing. | tray |
| EP3034415B1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-03-22 | UHLMANN PAC-SYSTEME GmbH & Co. KG | Method for transferring articles to be packaged to containers and further transport of the filled containers |
| EP3034414B1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-02-22 | UHLMANN PAC-SYSTEME GmbH & Co. KG | Method for transferring articles to be packaged to containers and further transport of the filled containers |
| CN111498176A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-07 | 深圳万瑞彩科技有限公司 | Automatic packaging method for waterproof packaging material |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE7325438U (en) * | 1974-02-14 | Grace Gmbh | Packaging device | |
| US3645060A (en) * | 1970-07-06 | 1972-02-29 | Kimberly Clark Co | Container loader for compressible product |
| US4514964A (en) * | 1983-09-19 | 1985-05-07 | H. J. Langen & Sons Limited | Packaging machines |
| DE3417831A1 (en) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-11-21 | Walter 4520 Melle Fischer | Method and apparatus for metering glue |
| US4918907A (en) * | 1988-01-20 | 1990-04-24 | T W Kutter Inc. | Forming and filling flexible plastic packaging |
| DE3935457A1 (en) * | 1989-10-25 | 1991-05-02 | Mako Sondermaschinenbau Gmbh | DEVICE FOR PACKING A GOOD, IN PARTICULAR OF DIAPERS, IN A PRESSED CONDITION |
| US5185984A (en) * | 1990-01-12 | 1993-02-16 | Tisma Machinery Corporation | Automatic packaging equipment |
| DE4002688A1 (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 1991-08-01 | Paper Converting Mach Gmbh | Packaging soft, disposable diapers - exposes diapers prior to packaging to overpressure to take up max 80 per cent of packaging vol. |
| GB2260743B (en) * | 1991-09-19 | 1995-01-18 | Tisma Machine Corp | Improved automatic packaging equipment |
| JP2545053B2 (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1996-10-16 | 迪 山崎 | Automatic sandwich storage device in bag-shaped packaging film |
| DE4303383A1 (en) * | 1993-02-05 | 1994-08-11 | Buehler Optima Maschf | Process and apparatus for the packaging of articles in paper bags |
| DE19648447A1 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-05-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Appliance for handling blister strips |
-
1998
- 1998-12-29 DE DE19860577A patent/DE19860577A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-12-27 WO PCT/DE1999/004109 patent/WO2000038993A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-27 DE DE19982857T patent/DE19982857D2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-27 AU AU30325/00A patent/AU3032500A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-27 DE DE59913916T patent/DE59913916D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-27 AT AT99964465T patent/ATE342196T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-27 EP EP99964465A patent/EP1140631B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3032500A (en) | 2000-07-31 |
| DE19860577A1 (en) | 2000-07-06 |
| DE59913916D1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
| EP1140631A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 |
| ATE342196T1 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
| WO2000038993A1 (en) | 2000-07-06 |
| DE19982857D2 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
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