EP1139491A2 - Radiating coaxial high-frequency cable - Google Patents

Radiating coaxial high-frequency cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1139491A2
EP1139491A2 EP01440058A EP01440058A EP1139491A2 EP 1139491 A2 EP1139491 A2 EP 1139491A2 EP 01440058 A EP01440058 A EP 01440058A EP 01440058 A EP01440058 A EP 01440058A EP 1139491 A2 EP1139491 A2 EP 1139491A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
openings
frequency
row
frequency range
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01440058A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1139491B1 (en
EP1139491A3 (en
Inventor
Erhard Mahlandt
Mark Davies
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Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
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Publication of EP1139491A2 publication Critical patent/EP1139491A2/en
Publication of EP1139491A3 publication Critical patent/EP1139491A3/en
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Publication of EP1139491B1 publication Critical patent/EP1139491B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/203—Leaky coaxial lines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiating coaxial radio frequency cable, consisting of an inner conductor, a dielectric surrounding it and a tubular one arranged above it and concentric with the inner conductor Outer conductor, in which separate openings are made in the outer conductor are, which are offset from one another in the circumferential direction of the cable, in Longitudinal direction of the same mutually parallel surface lines in itself over the rows of entire length of the cable are arranged (EP 0 300 147 B1).
  • AHF cables Radiating coaxial high-frequency cables - hereinafter referred to as "AHF cables” - act because of the openings in the following referred to as "slots" Practically as external conductor external electromagnetic energy Antennas that communicate between each other Enable recipients and transmitters.
  • An essential area of application for AHF cables is the signal transmission in tunnel sections between transmit and Receiving devices and preferably rail vehicles.
  • the AHF cable should enable trouble-free operation even over long lengths. she should therefore ensure a low attenuation of the signals to be transmitted and if possible have no reflection points.
  • the damping is the sum of the by the AHF cable itself determined cable attenuation and the radiation coupling loss arising from HF energy.
  • the AHF cable according to EP 0 300 147 B1 mentioned at the beginning is for one broadband operation provided.
  • the outer conductor of the same are on a surface line Round holes are made in a first row, while in a circumferential direction In a second row, the surface line staggered in the axial direction of the AHF cable extending slots are arranged.
  • the holes are for a lower one Frequency range provided while the slots for a higher frequency range should serve.
  • This AHF cable is used in two frequency ranges limited. Measures to influence the attenuation of the AHF cable, in particular the coupling loss of the same are not provided.
  • the invention is based on the object, the AHF cable described above to further develop that it is as uniform as possible in a large frequency range Coupling damping without disturbing resonance points.
  • This AHF cable can be used to transmit without changing the slot arrangement
  • Signals are used in a wide frequency range, which in particular the frequencies of the mobile radio detected.
  • the broadband is given on the other hand by the equidistant slots, through which even lower ones Frequencies or frequency ranges can be transmitted without interference.
  • All Slots of the AHF cable complement each other so advantageously that the Coupling attenuation in the entire frequency spectrum to be transmitted is kept small can be and has an almost constant size. That is especially in the Frequency range of the mobile radio of importance, in which also no disturbing Resonance points occur.
  • the AHF cable can be manufactured using conventional technology Splitting the equidistant slots over two rows significantly stabilizes the Band can be reached, from which the outer conductor is formed.
  • Fig. 1 shows an AHF cable, for example for signal transmission between stationary and mobile units can be installed in a train tunnel. It has a Inner conductor 1, a dielectric 2 and a tubular, the inner conductor 1 concentric surrounding outer conductor 3.
  • the outer conductor 3 is, for example, as a longitudinal incoming Metal tape around the dielectric 3 so that the tape edges each other overlap. They can be glued, soldered or welded together, for example be connected. The band edges can also be overlapped without one another be welded.
  • a jacket 4 made of plastic serves as external mechanical protection can also be flame-retardant.
  • Inner conductor 1 and outer conductor 3 are preferably made of copper.
  • the dielectric 2 can be carried out in conventional technology. So it can be a full dielectric that can also be foamed, or around a cavity dielectric with a spiral or trade in disks. Materials are preferably used for the dielectric 2 a small dielectric loss factor, for example polyethylene.
  • the Sheath 4 can consist of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, for example.
  • the slots 5 have one in the illustrated embodiment rectangular clear cross section. Its length in the circumferential direction of the AHF cable is larger than their axial width. The slots 5 thus extend essentially in Circumferential direction of the AHF cable. Instead of the rectangular one, you could also add one externally curved, quasi elliptical clear cross section.
  • the slots 5 can basically also at an angle other than 90 ° to the axis of the AHF cable run. This also applies to the slots 5 of those described below Embodiments of the AHF cable.
  • the slots 5 are in the embodiment of the AHF cable according to FIG. 2 in two Rows R1 and R2 attached to different sheath lines of the AHF cable lie.
  • the slots 5 are in a constantly repeating manner Patterns arranged with varying distances. This arrangement of the slots 5 will explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 4.
  • Have slots 5 of the second row R2 A constant distance A from each other along the entire length of the AHF cable.
  • the distance A is from the highest frequency to be transmitted with the AHF cable dependent. Distance A is less than half to avoid interference Wavelength of this highest frequency.
  • the clear width of the equidistant slots is also to avoid interference 5 to choose the second row R2 relatively large. Because their axial width is not arbitrarily large can be made, they have a correspondingly large expansion in Circumferential direction. The mechanical stability of one with such large or long slots 5 provided outer conductor 3 of the AHF cable can be impaired in some cases become. In a preferred embodiment of the AHF cable, the equidistant slots 5 therefore in two separate, on different Rows R2 and R3 divided by generatrices. A corresponding one Embodiment of the AHF cable is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4
  • the slots 5 are in the AHF cable according to FIGS. 3 and 4 in three rows R1, R2 and R3 arranged on three in the circumferential direction of the AHF cable against each other staggered, axially parallel surface lines.
  • the rows R1, R2 and R3 are in preferred embodiment each offset by 120 °.
  • the slots 5 are in all three rows R1, R2 and R3 along the entire length of the AHF cable available. In the rows R2 and R3, the slots 5 have the entire length of the AHF cable the constant distance A from each other, which already explained for Fig. 2 is.
  • the slots 5 of the rows R2 and R3 preferably have the same dimensions.
  • the slots 5 are in a constantly repeating pattern arranged with variable distances from each other.
  • This pattern includes according to the The illustrated embodiment shows four slots S1, S2, S3 belonging to a group G. and S4.
  • the slots 5 of the first row R1 are used to operate the for mobile radio provided frequency range with a lowest frequency of, for example, 800 MHz.
  • the respective first slots S1 of the successive groups G have one Distance A1 from each other, which is half the wavelength ( ⁇ / 2) the lowest Frequency corresponds to the frequency range.
  • the other slots S2, S3 and S4 of the successive groups G take into account integer multiples of the lowest detected by the slots S1 Frequency of the frequency range.
  • the slot S2 is at a distance A2 from each Slit S1 removed, which is one eighth ( ⁇ / 8) of the wavelength of the lowest frequency of the Frequency range corresponds. This takes into account a frequency that is equal to that Is twice the lowest frequency.
  • the slot S3 is at a distance A3 from the slot S1 which is equal to a twelfth ( ⁇ / 12) of the lowest frequency in the frequency range. This detects a frequency that is three times the lowest frequency is.
  • the slot S3 also belongs to the slot S3, which is the slot S2 has the same distance A3 as slot S3 from slot S1.
  • the coupling loss is above 0 to 2400 MHz Frequency range shown. This is also the one used for mobile communications Frequency range recorded, which in today's technology is between 800 MHz and 2400 MHz lies.
  • the curve K1 shows the course of the coupling loss for an AHF cable that only slots 5 according to row R2 (Fig. 2) or according to rows R2 and R3 (Fig. 3 and 4) Has.
  • the coupling loss increases with increasing frequency, which is not desirable.
  • the curve K2 shows the course of the coupling loss for an AHF cable that only Has slots 5 according to row R1.
  • the coupling loss in one area below about 800 MHz very high so that such an AHF cable in this Frequency range could not be used sensibly.

Abstract

A radiating coaxial radio-frequency cable is specified, that comprises an inner conductor, a dielectric surrounding the latter and a tubular outer conductor disposed above the latter and concentric with the inner conductor. In the outer conductor, mutually separated openings (5) are provided that are disposed in a mutually offset manner in the circumferential direction of the cable and, in the longitudinal direction of the latter, are disposed along surface lines extending mutually in parallel in rows (R1, R2, R3) extending over the entire length of the cable. All the openings (5) extend essentially in the circumferential direction of the cable. For as broadband an operation of the cable as possible, in a first row (R1 ) for operating a frequency range used in mobile radio, openings (5) are disposed in groups (G) in a constantly repeating pattern whose first openings (5), viewed in each case in the axial direction of the cable, are at a mutual spacing (A1) corresponding to half the wavelength of the lowest frequency to be transmitted in the frequency range. In addition, in each group (G), further openings (5) are provided to take account of integral multiples of the lowest frequency to be transmitted in the frequency range. Further openings (5) are situated in at least one second row (R2 ) on a surface line other than that of the openings (5) of the first row (R1) and are disposed over the entire length of the cable at mutual constant spacing that is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency to be transmitted over the cable.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein abstrahlendes koaxiales Hochfrequenz-Kabel, bestehend aus einem Innenleiter, einem denselben umgebenden Dielektrikum und einem über demselben angeordneten, zum Innenleiter konzentrischen, rohrförmigen Außenleiter, bei welchem im Außenleiter voneinander getrennte Öffnungen angebracht sind, die entlang von in Umfangsrichtung des Kabels gegeneinander versetzten, in Längsrichtung desselben parallel zueinander verlaufenden Mantellinien in sich über die ganze Länge des Kabels erstreckenden Reihen angeordnet sind (EP 0 300 147 B1).The invention relates to a radiating coaxial radio frequency cable, consisting of an inner conductor, a dielectric surrounding it and a tubular one arranged above it and concentric with the inner conductor Outer conductor, in which separate openings are made in the outer conductor are, which are offset from one another in the circumferential direction of the cable, in Longitudinal direction of the same mutually parallel surface lines in itself over the rows of entire length of the cable are arranged (EP 0 300 147 B1).

Abstrahlende koaxiale Hochfrequenz-Kabel - im folgenden kurz "AHF-Kabel" genannt -, wirken wegen der durch die im folgenden als "Schlitze" bezeichneten Öffnungen im Außenleiter nach außen dringenden elektromagnetischen Energie praktisch als Antennen, die eine Kommunikation zwischen relativ zueinander beweglichen Empfängern und Sendern ermöglichen. Ein wesentliches Einsatzgebiet von AHF-Kabeln ist die Signalübertragung in Tunnelstrecken zwischen Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen und vorzugsweise schienengebundenen Fahrzeugen. Die AHF-Kabel sollen auch über große Längen einen störungsfreien Betrieb ermöglichen. Sie sollen daher eine geringe Dämpfung der zu übertragenden Signale sicherstellen und möglichst keine Reflexionsstellen aufweisen. Die Dämpfung ist dabei die Summe aus der durch das AHF-Kabel selbst bestimmten Kabeldämpfung und der durch die Abstrahlung von HF-Energie entstehenden Kopplungsdämpfung.Radiating coaxial high-frequency cables - hereinafter referred to as "AHF cables" - act because of the openings in the following referred to as "slots" Practically as external conductor external electromagnetic energy Antennas that communicate between each other Enable recipients and transmitters. An essential area of application for AHF cables is the signal transmission in tunnel sections between transmit and Receiving devices and preferably rail vehicles. The AHF cable should enable trouble-free operation even over long lengths. she should therefore ensure a low attenuation of the signals to be transmitted and if possible have no reflection points. The damping is the sum of the by the AHF cable itself determined cable attenuation and the radiation coupling loss arising from HF energy.

Das AHF-Kabel nach der eingangs erwähnten EP 0 300 147 B1 ist für einen breitbandigen Betrieb vorgesehen. Im Außenleiter desselben sind auf einer Mantellinie in einer ersten Reihe runde Löcher angebracht, während auf einer in Umfangsrichtung versetzten Mantellinie in einer zweiten Reihe sich in Achsrichtung des AHF-Kabels erstreckende Schlitze angeordnet sind. Die Löcher sind für einen unteren Frequenzbereich vorgesehen, während die Schlitze für einen höheren Frequenzbereich dienen sollen. Dieses AHF-Kabel ist in seinem Einsatz auf zwei Frequenzbereiche beschränkt. Maßnahmen zur Beeinflussung der Dämpfung des AHF-Kabels, insbesondere der Kopplungsdämpfung desselben, sind nicht vorgesehen.The AHF cable according to EP 0 300 147 B1 mentioned at the beginning is for one broadband operation provided. In the outer conductor of the same are on a surface line Round holes are made in a first row, while in a circumferential direction In a second row, the surface line staggered in the axial direction of the AHF cable extending slots are arranged. The holes are for a lower one Frequency range provided while the slots for a higher frequency range should serve. This AHF cable is used in two frequency ranges limited. Measures to influence the attenuation of the AHF cable, in particular the coupling loss of the same are not provided.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs geschilderte AHF-Kabel so weiterzubilden, daß es in einem großen Frequenzbereich eine möglichst gleichmäßige Kopplungsdämpfung ohne störende Resonanzstellen aufweist.The invention is based on the object, the AHF cable described above to further develop that it is as uniform as possible in a large frequency range Coupling damping without disturbing resonance points.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst,

  • daß alle Schlitze sich im wesentlichen in Umfangsrichtung des Kabels erstrecken,
  • daß Schlitze in einer ersten Reihe zur Bedienung eines im Mobilfunk verwendeten Frequenzbereichs in einem sich ständig wiederholenden Muster in Gruppen angeordnet sind, deren in Achsrichtung des Kabels gesehen jeweils erste Schlitze einen der halben Wellenlänge der niedrigsten zu übertragenden Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs entsprechenden Abstand voneinander haben,
  • daß in jeder Gruppe zusätzliche Schlitze zur Berücksichtigung von ganzzahligen Vielfachen der niedrigsten zu übertragenden Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs angebracht sind und
  • daß weitere Schlitze in mindestens einer zweiten Reihe, die auf einer anderen Mantellinie als die Schlitze der ersten Reihe liegen, auf der ganzen Länge des Kabels mit einem gleichbleibenden Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, der kleiner als die halbe Wellenlänge der höchsten über das Kabel zu übertragenden Frequenz ist.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by
  • that all slots extend essentially in the circumferential direction of the cable,
  • that slots in a first row for operating a frequency range used in mobile radio are arranged in groups in a constantly repeating pattern, the first slots of which, viewed in the axial direction of the cable, are spaced from one another by half the wavelength of the lowest frequency to be transmitted in the frequency range,
  • that additional slots are provided in each group to take into account integer multiples of the lowest frequency to be transmitted in the frequency range, and
  • that further slots in at least one second row, which lie on a line other than the slots of the first row, are arranged along the entire length of the cable with a constant distance from one another which is less than half the wavelength of the highest frequency to be transmitted over the cable is.

Dieses AHF-Kabel kann ohne Änderungen der Schlitzanordnung zur Übertragung von Signalen in einem weiten Frequenzbereich eingesetzt werden, der insbesondere auch die Frequenzen des Mobilfunks erfaßt. Das wird einerseits durch die mit sich wiederholendem Muster angebrachten Schlitze der ersten Reihe erreicht, mit einer für den Mobilfunk gegebenen niedrigsten Frequenz von etwa 800 MHz. Die Breitbandigkeit ist andererseits durch die äquidistanten Schlitze gegeben, durch welche auch niedrigere Frequenzen bzw. Frequenzbereiche störungsfrei übertragen werden können. Alle Schlitze des AHF-Kabels ergänzen sich in ihrer Wirkung so vorteilhaft, daß die Kopplungsdämpfung im gesamten zu übertragenden Frequenzspektrum klein gehalten werden kann und eine nahezu gleichbleibende Größe hat. Das ist insbesondere im Frequenzbereich des Mobilfunks von Bedeutung, in dem auch keine störenden Resonanzstellen auftreten.This AHF cable can be used to transmit without changing the slot arrangement Signals are used in a wide frequency range, which in particular the frequencies of the mobile radio detected. On the one hand, that is with the repeating pattern on the first row, with one for the lowest frequency of about 800 MHz given the mobile radio. The broadband is given on the other hand by the equidistant slots, through which even lower ones Frequencies or frequency ranges can be transmitted without interference. All Slots of the AHF cable complement each other so advantageously that the Coupling attenuation in the entire frequency spectrum to be transmitted is kept small can be and has an almost constant size. That is especially in the Frequency range of the mobile radio of importance, in which also no disturbing Resonance points occur.

Das AHF-Kabel kann in herkömmlicher Technik hergestellt werden, wobei durch eine Aufteilung der äquidistanten Schlitze auf zwei Reihen eine wesentliche Stabilisierung des Bandes erreicht werden kann, aus welchem der Außenleiter geformt wird.The AHF cable can be manufactured using conventional technology Splitting the equidistant slots over two rows significantly stabilizes the Band can be reached, from which the outer conductor is formed.

Ausführungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt.Embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown in the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung ein an sich bekanntes koaxiales AHF-Kabel.
  • Fig. 2 und 3 zwei unterschiedliche Ausführungsformen eines AHF-Kabels nach der Erfindung mit am Ende flach ausgebreiteten Außenleiter.
  • Fig. 4 einen Abschnitt des Außenleiters mit einer genaueren Darstellung einer Anordnung der Schlitze für das AHF-Kabel nach Fig. 3 in vergrößerter Darstellung.
  • Fig. 5 ein Diagramm für den Verlauf der Kopplungsdämpfung des AHF-Kabels.
    • Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a known coaxial AHF cable.
  • 2 and 3 two different embodiments of an AHF cable according to the invention with the outer conductor spread flat at the end.
  • Fig. 4 shows a portion of the outer conductor with a more detailed representation of an arrangement of the slots for the AHF cable of FIG. 3 in an enlarged view.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram for the course of the coupling loss of the AHF cable.

    • Fig. 1 zeigt ein AHF-Kabel, das beispielweise zur Signalübertragung zwischen stationären und mobilen Einheiten in einem Bahntunnel verlegt sein kann. Es hat einen Innenleiter 1, ein Dielektrikum 2 und einen rohrförmigen, den Innenleiter 1 konzentrisch umgebenden Außenleiter 3. Der Außenleiter 3 ist beispielsweise als längseinlaufendes Metallband so um das Dielektrikum 3 herumgelegt, daß die Bandkanten einander überlappen. Sie können beispielweise durch Kleben, Löten oder Schweißen miteinander verbunden sein. Die Bandkanten können aber auch ohne Überlappung miteinander verschweißt sein. Als äußerer mechanischer Schutz dient ein Mantel 4 aus Kunststoff, der auch flammwidrig sein kann.Fig. 1 shows an AHF cable, for example for signal transmission between stationary and mobile units can be installed in a train tunnel. It has a Inner conductor 1, a dielectric 2 and a tubular, the inner conductor 1 concentric surrounding outer conductor 3. The outer conductor 3 is, for example, as a longitudinal incoming Metal tape around the dielectric 3 so that the tape edges each other overlap. They can be glued, soldered or welded together, for example be connected. The band edges can also be overlapped without one another be welded. A jacket 4 made of plastic serves as external mechanical protection can also be flame-retardant.

    Innenleiter 1 und Außenleiter 3 bestehen vorzugsweise aus Kupfer. Das Dielektrikum 2 kann in üblicher Technik ausgeführt sein. Es kann sich also um ein Volldielektrikum, das auch geschäumt sein kann, oder um ein Hohlraumdielektrikum mit einer Wendel oder mit Scheiben handeln. Für das Dielektrikum 2 werden vorzugsweise Materialien mit einem kleinen dielektrischen Verlustfaktor eingesetzt, beispielsweise Polyethylen. Der Mantel 4 kann beispielweise aus Polyethylen oder Polyvinylchlorid bestehen.Inner conductor 1 and outer conductor 3 are preferably made of copper. The dielectric 2 can be carried out in conventional technology. So it can be a full dielectric that can also be foamed, or around a cavity dielectric with a spiral or trade in disks. Materials are preferably used for the dielectric 2 a small dielectric loss factor, for example polyethylene. The Sheath 4 can consist of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, for example.

    Zur Erzielung der gewünschten Eigenschaft "Abstrahlung" sind im Außenleiter 3 des AHF-Kabels Schlitze 5 angebracht, die in Fig. 1 nur als prinzipielle Ausführungsform eingezeichnet sind. Die Schlitze 5 haben im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel einen rechteckigen lichten Querschnitt. Ihre Länge in Umfangsrichtung des AHF-Kabels ist größer als ihre axiale Breite. Die Schlitze 5 erstrecken sich also im wesentlichen in Umfangsrichtung des AHF-Kabels. Sie könnten statt des rechteckigen auch einen nach außen gebogenen, quasi elliptischen lichten Querschnitt haben. Die Schlitze 5 können grundsätzlich auch unter einem von 90° abweichenden Winkel zur Achse des AHF-Kabels verlaufen. Das gilt so auch für die Schlitze 5 der im folgenden beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele des AHF-Kabels.To achieve the desired property "radiation" are in the outer conductor 3 of the AHF cable slots 5 attached, which in Fig. 1 only as a basic embodiment are drawn. The slots 5 have one in the illustrated embodiment rectangular clear cross section. Its length in the circumferential direction of the AHF cable is larger than their axial width. The slots 5 thus extend essentially in Circumferential direction of the AHF cable. Instead of the rectangular one, you could also add one externally curved, quasi elliptical clear cross section. The slots 5 can basically also at an angle other than 90 ° to the axis of the AHF cable run. This also applies to the slots 5 of those described below Embodiments of the AHF cable.

    Die Schlitze 5 sind bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel des AHF-Kabels nach Fig. 2 in zwei Reihen R1 und R2 angebracht, die auf unterschiedlichen Mantellinien des AHF-Kabels liegen. In der ersten Reihe R1 sind die Schlitze 5 in einem sich ständig wiederholenden Muster mit variierenden Abständen angeordnet. Diese Anordnung der Schlitze 5 wird weiter unten anhand Fig. 4 genauer erläutert. Die Schlitze 5 der zweiten Reihe R2 haben auf der ganzen Länge des AHF-Kabels einen gleichbleibenden Abstand A voneinander. The slots 5 are in the embodiment of the AHF cable according to FIG. 2 in two Rows R1 and R2 attached to different sheath lines of the AHF cable lie. In the first row R1, the slots 5 are in a constantly repeating manner Patterns arranged with varying distances. This arrangement of the slots 5 will explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 4. Have slots 5 of the second row R2 A constant distance A from each other along the entire length of the AHF cable.

    Der Abstand A ist von der höchsten mit dem AHF-Kabel zu übertragenden Frequenz abhängig. Zur Vermeidung von Interferenzen ist der Abstand A kleiner als die halbe Wellenlänge dieser höchsten Frequenz.The distance A is from the highest frequency to be transmitted with the AHF cable dependent. Distance A is less than half to avoid interference Wavelength of this highest frequency.

    Ebenfalls zur Vermeidung von Interferenzen ist die lichte Weite der äquidistanten Schlitze 5 der zweiten Reihe R2 relativ groß zu wählen. Da ihre axiale Breite nicht beliebig groß gemacht werden kann, haben sie eine entsprechend große Ausdehnung in Umfangsrichtung. Die mechanische Stabilität eines mit so großen bzw. langen Schlitzen 5 versehenen Außenleiters 3 des AHF-Kabels kann in manchen Fällen beeinträchtigt werden. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des AHF-Kabels werden die äquidistanten Schlitze 5 daher in zwei voneinander getrennte, auf unterschiedlichen Mantellinien liegende Reihen R2 und R3 aufgeteilt. Ein entsprechendes Ausführungsbeispiel des AHF-Kabels geht aus den Fig. 3 und 4 hervorThe clear width of the equidistant slots is also to avoid interference 5 to choose the second row R2 relatively large. Because their axial width is not arbitrarily large can be made, they have a correspondingly large expansion in Circumferential direction. The mechanical stability of one with such large or long slots 5 provided outer conductor 3 of the AHF cable can be impaired in some cases become. In a preferred embodiment of the AHF cable, the equidistant slots 5 therefore in two separate, on different Rows R2 and R3 divided by generatrices. A corresponding one Embodiment of the AHF cable is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4

    Die Schlitze 5 sind bei dem AHF-Kabel nach den Fig. 3 und 4 in drei Reihen R1, R2 und R3 angeordnet, die auf drei in Umfangsrichtung des AHF-Kabels gegeneinander versetzten, achsparallelen Mantellinien verlaufen. Die Reihen R1, R2 und R3 sind in bevorzugter Ausführungsform jeweils um 120° gegeneinander versetzt. Die Schlitze 5 sind in allen drei Reihen R1, R2 und R3 auf der ganzen Länge des AHF-Kabels vorhanden. In den Reihen R2 und R3 haben die Schlitze 5 auf der ganzen Länge des AHF-Kabels den gleichbleibenden Abstand A voneinander, der schon für Fig. 2 erläutert ist. Die Schlitze 5 der Reihen R2 und R3 haben vorzugsweise gleiche Abmessungen.The slots 5 are in the AHF cable according to FIGS. 3 and 4 in three rows R1, R2 and R3 arranged on three in the circumferential direction of the AHF cable against each other staggered, axially parallel surface lines. The rows R1, R2 and R3 are in preferred embodiment each offset by 120 °. The slots 5 are in all three rows R1, R2 and R3 along the entire length of the AHF cable available. In the rows R2 and R3, the slots 5 have the entire length of the AHF cable the constant distance A from each other, which already explained for Fig. 2 is. The slots 5 of the rows R2 and R3 preferably have the same dimensions.

    In der ersten Reihe R1 sind die Schlitze 5 in einem sich ständig wiederholenden Muster mit variablen Abständen voneinander angeordnet. Dieses Muster umfaßt gemäß dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel vier zu einer Gruppe G gehörende Schlitze S1, S2, S3 und S4. Die Schlitze 5 der ersten Reihe R1 dienen zur Bedienung des für den Mobilfunk vorgesehenen Frequenzbereichs mit einer niedrigsten Frequenz von beispielsweise 800 MHz. Die jeweils ersten Schlitze S1 der aufeinander folgenden Gruppen G haben einen Abstand A1 voneinander, welcher der halben Wellenlänge (λ/2) der niedrigsten Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs entspricht. In the first row R1, the slots 5 are in a constantly repeating pattern arranged with variable distances from each other. This pattern includes according to the The illustrated embodiment shows four slots S1, S2, S3 belonging to a group G. and S4. The slots 5 of the first row R1 are used to operate the for mobile radio provided frequency range with a lowest frequency of, for example, 800 MHz. The respective first slots S1 of the successive groups G have one Distance A1 from each other, which is half the wavelength (λ / 2) the lowest Frequency corresponds to the frequency range.

    Die anderen Schlitze S2, S3 und S4 der aufeinander folgenden Gruppen G berücksichtigen ganzzahlige Vielfache der durch die Schlitze S1 erfaßten niedrigsten Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs. Der Schlitz S2 ist jeweils in einem Abstand A2 vom Schlitz S1 entfernt, der einem Achtel (λ/8) der Wellenlänge der niedrigsten Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs entspricht. Damit ist eine Frequenz berücksichtigt, die gleich dem Doppelten der niedrigsten Frequenz ist. Der Schlitz S3 hat einen Abstand A3 vom Schlitz S1 der gleich einem Zwölftel (λ/12) der niedrigsten Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs ist. Es ist dadurch eine Frequenz erfaßt, die gleich dem Dreifachen der niedrigsten Frequenz ist. Zum Schlitz S3 gehört wirkungsmäßig auch der Schlitz S4, der vom Schlitz S2 den gleichen Abstand A3 hat, wie der Schlitz S3 vom Schlitz S1.The other slots S2, S3 and S4 of the successive groups G take into account integer multiples of the lowest detected by the slots S1 Frequency of the frequency range. The slot S2 is at a distance A2 from each Slit S1 removed, which is one eighth (λ / 8) of the wavelength of the lowest frequency of the Frequency range corresponds. This takes into account a frequency that is equal to that Is twice the lowest frequency. The slot S3 is at a distance A3 from the slot S1 which is equal to a twelfth (λ / 12) of the lowest frequency in the frequency range. This detects a frequency that is three times the lowest frequency is. The slot S3 also belongs to the slot S3, which is the slot S2 has the same distance A3 as slot S3 from slot S1.

    Vorteile und Wirkungsweise des AHF-Kabels nach der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand der Dämpfungskurven nach Fig. 5 zusammengefaßt:Advantages and mode of operation of the AHF cable according to the invention are as follows summarized on the basis of the damping curves according to FIG. 5:

    In Fig. 5 ist die Kopplungsdämpfung über einem von 0 bis 2400 MHz reichenden Frequenzbereich dargestellt. Damit ist auch der für den Mobilfunk verwendete Frequenzbereich erfaßt, der in heutiger Technik etwa zwischen 800 MHz und 2400 MHz liegt.In Fig. 5, the coupling loss is above 0 to 2400 MHz Frequency range shown. This is also the one used for mobile communications Frequency range recorded, which in today's technology is between 800 MHz and 2400 MHz lies.

    Die Kurve K1 gibt den Verlauf der Kopplungsdämpfung für ein AHF-Kabel wieder, das nur Schlitze 5 gemäß Reihe R2 (Fig. 2) bzw. gemäß den Reihen R2 und R3 (Fig. 3 und 4) hat. Die Kopplungsdämpfung steigt mit steigender Frequenz an, was nicht erwünscht ist. Die Kurve K2 zeigt den Verlauf der Kopplungsdämpfung für ein AHF-Kabel, das nur Schlitze 5 gemäß Reihe R1 hat. Hier ist die Kopplungsdämpfung in einem Bereich unterhalb von etwa 800 MHz sehr hoch, so daß ein solches AHF-Kabel in diesem Frequenzbereich nicht sinnvoll eingesetzt werden könnte.The curve K1 shows the course of the coupling loss for an AHF cable that only slots 5 according to row R2 (Fig. 2) or according to rows R2 and R3 (Fig. 3 and 4) Has. The coupling loss increases with increasing frequency, which is not desirable. The curve K2 shows the course of the coupling loss for an AHF cable that only Has slots 5 according to row R1. Here is the coupling loss in one area below about 800 MHz very high, so that such an AHF cable in this Frequency range could not be used sensibly.

    Den Verlauf der Kopplungsdämpfung für ein AHF-Kabel nach der Erfindung gibt die Kurve K3 wieder. Bis auf eine Unstetigkeit bei einer Frequenz von etwa 700 MHz liegen hier die Werte der Kopplungsdämpfung sehr niedrig und sie sind über den ganzen Frequenzbereich nahezu gleichbleibend. Das gilt insbesondere für die über 800 MHz liegenden Frequenzen, also für den Frequenzbereich des Mobilfunks. In diesem Bereich nimmt die Kopplungsdämpfung mit steigender Frequenz sogar geringfügig ab. Hinzu kommt, daß in diesem Bereich keine störenden Resonanzstellen vorhanden sind.The course of the coupling loss for an AHF cable according to the invention Curve K3 again. Except for a discontinuity at a frequency of around 700 MHz here the coupling loss values are very low and they are all over Frequency range almost constant. This applies in particular to the over 800 MHz lying frequencies, i.e. for the frequency range of mobile radio. In this area the coupling loss even decreases slightly with increasing frequency. in addition comes that there are no disturbing resonance points in this area.

    Claims (5)

    Abstrahlendes koaxiales Hochfrequenz-Kabel, bestehend aus einem Innenleiter, einem denselben umgebenden Dielektrikum und einem über demselben angeordneten, zum Innenleiter konzentrischen, rohrförmigen Außenleiter, bei welchem im Außenleiter voneinander getrennte Öffnungen angebracht sind, die entlang von in Umfangsrichtung des Kabels gegeneinander versetzten, in Längsrichtung desselben parallel zueinander verlaufenden Mantellinien in sich über die ganze Länge des Kabels erstreckenden Reihen angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle Öffnungen (5) sich im wesentlichen in Umfangsrichtung des Kabels erstrecken, daß Öffnungen (5) in einer ersten Reihe (R1) zur Bedienung eines im Mobilfunk verwendeten Frequenzbereichs in einem sich ständig wiederholenden Muster in Gruppen (G) angeordnet sind, deren in Achsrichtung des Kabels gesehen jeweils erste Öffnungen (5) einen der halben Wellenlänge der niedrigsten zu übertragenden Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs entsprechenden Abstand (A1) voneinander haben, daß in jeder Gruppe (G) zusätzlich Öffnungen (5) zur Berücksichtigung von ganzzahligen Vielfachen der niedrigsten zu übertragenden Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs angebracht sind und daß weitere Öffnungen (5) in mindestens einer zweiten Reihe (R2), die auf einer anderen Mantellinie als die Öffnungen (5) der ersten Reihe (R1) liegen, auf der ganzen Länge des Kabels mit einem gleichbleibenden Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, der kleiner als die halbe Wellenlänge der höchsten über das Kabel zu übertragenden Frequenz ist. Radiating coaxial high-frequency cable, consisting of an inner conductor, a dielectric surrounding it and a tubular outer conductor arranged above it and concentric with the inner conductor, in which separate openings are made in the outer conductor and which are longitudinally offset along the circumferential direction of the cable the same mutually parallel surface lines are arranged in rows extending over the entire length of the cable, characterized in that that all openings (5) extend essentially in the circumferential direction of the cable, that openings (5) are arranged in a first row (R1) for operating a frequency range used in mobile radio in a constantly repeating pattern in groups (G), the first openings (5) of which, viewed in the axial direction of the cable, each have half the wavelength of have the lowest frequency (A1) to be transmitted corresponding to the frequency range, that in each group (G) additional openings (5) are provided to take into account integer multiples of the lowest frequency to be transmitted in the frequency range and that further openings (5) in at least one second row (R2), which lie on a different surface line than the openings (5) of the first row (R1), are arranged along the entire length of the cable with a constant distance from one another, the smaller than half the wavelength of the highest frequency to be transmitted over the cable. Kabel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen (5) mit gleichbleibendem Abstand voneinander in zwei separaten Reihen (R2, R3) auf unterschiedlichen Mantellinien angeordnet sind.Cable according to Claim 1, characterized in that the openings (5) are arranged at a constant distance from one another in two separate rows (R2, R3) on different surface lines. Kabel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in jeder Gruppe (G) der ersten Reihe (R1) jeweils eine zweite Öffnung (5) angebracht ist, die von der jeweils ersten Öffnung (5) einen Abstand (A2) hat, welcher einem Achtel der Wellenlänge der niedrigsten zu übertragenden Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs entspricht.Cable according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in each group (G) of the first row (R1) there is in each case a second opening (5) which is at a distance (A2) from the respective first opening (5) corresponds to an eighth of the wavelength of the lowest frequency to be transmitted in the frequency range. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in jeder Gruppe (G) der ersten Reihe (R1) jeweils zwei weitere Öffnungen (5) angebracht sind, von denen eine von der ersten Öffnung (5) und die andere von der zweiten Öffnung (5) einen Abstand (A3) hat, welcher einem Zwölftel der Wellenlänge der niedrigsten zu übertragenden Frequenz des Frequenzbereichs entspricht.Cable according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in each group (G) of the first row (R1) there are two further openings (5), one of which is from the first opening (5) and the other of which second opening (5) has a distance (A3) which corresponds to a twelfth of the wavelength of the lowest frequency to be transmitted in the frequency range. Kabel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen (5) einen rechteckigen lichten Querschnitt haben.Cable according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the openings (5) have a rectangular clear cross section.
    EP01440058A 2000-03-28 2001-03-08 Radiating coaxial high-frequency cable Expired - Lifetime EP1139491B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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    DE10015379 2000-03-28
    DE10015379A DE10015379A1 (en) 2000-03-28 2000-03-28 Radiating coaxial radio frequency cable

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    EP (1) EP1139491B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN1229895C (en)
    AT (1) ATE305662T1 (en)
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    EP2355246A1 (en) * 2010-01-28 2011-08-10 Alcatel Lucent Radiating cable with mounting rail

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    EP1860725B1 (en) * 2005-02-24 2012-08-15 Obshchestvo s ogranichennoi otvetstvennostyu "VERITEL" Radiation-emitting cable and a radiation-emitting element comprised therein
    EP1739789B1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-10-31 Institut Scientifique de Service Public Radiating coaxial cable
    IT202000005983A1 (en) * 2020-03-20 2021-09-20 Prysmian Spa Radiant coaxial cable

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    AU2649901A (en) 2001-10-04
    ATE305662T1 (en) 2005-10-15
    CN1319919A (en) 2001-10-31
    CN1229895C (en) 2005-11-30
    DE50107535D1 (en) 2005-11-03
    ES2248261T3 (en) 2006-03-16
    EP1139491B1 (en) 2005-09-28
    EP1139491A3 (en) 2004-01-07
    CA2342281A1 (en) 2001-09-28
    US6426685B2 (en) 2002-07-30
    US20010054945A1 (en) 2001-12-27
    DE10015379A1 (en) 2001-10-04
    BR0101159A (en) 2001-10-30

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