EP2489095A1 - Antenna coupler - Google Patents

Antenna coupler

Info

Publication number
EP2489095A1
EP2489095A1 EP10747815A EP10747815A EP2489095A1 EP 2489095 A1 EP2489095 A1 EP 2489095A1 EP 10747815 A EP10747815 A EP 10747815A EP 10747815 A EP10747815 A EP 10747815A EP 2489095 A1 EP2489095 A1 EP 2489095A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit board
frequency
antenna
antenna coupler
frequency line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10747815A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2489095B1 (en
Inventor
Igor Dremelj
Heinz Hohl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Landis and Gyr AG
Original Assignee
Landis and Gyr AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Landis and Gyr AG filed Critical Landis and Gyr AG
Priority to EP10747815.8A priority Critical patent/EP2489095B1/en
Priority to PL10747815T priority patent/PL2489095T3/en
Publication of EP2489095A1 publication Critical patent/EP2489095A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2489095B1 publication Critical patent/EP2489095B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
    • H01P5/187—Broadside coupled lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of radio frequency line technology; It relates to an antenna coupler for connecting a high-frequency antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • an antenna In many technical devices that contain a high-frequency transmitter or receiver and at the same time are galvanically exposed to an earth-related high voltage (mains voltage), an antenna is to be connected via a coaxial cable.
  • the corresponding antenna and the coaxial cable must be galvanically isolated from the device, otherwise there is danger to life when touched.
  • the problem has been solved for example by two parallel arranged dipole antennas in the device, in which, however, by the unwanted radial radiation, a high transmission loss of at least 6dB for the useful signal.
  • the decoupled power was fed into a coaxial cable to be routed to a remote antenna.
  • a known decoupling via capacitors (US4987391) has either a low withstand voltage (1 kV) or a high transmission loss, since high capacitance of the capacitors requires a large design, which has a negative effect on the damping due to high inductive reactance and unwanted radiation.
  • the antenna coupler according to the invention for the galvanic separation of the antenna from the transmitter / receiver achieves a high insulation voltage of up to 1 2kV DC and AC line voltage, but at the same time also an extremely low transmission loss for the radio frequency useful signal.
  • the antenna coupler according to the invention can achieve a particularly low transmission loss within desired frequency limits, since the coupling lines, so the first and second high-frequency line, can be arranged with a very small distance from each other in the depth direction of the multilayer printed circuit board.
  • the commonly used layer thickness of the multilayer printed circuit board can be used as the distance between the coupling lines. A distance of 0.3 mm, for example, can be realized.
  • the antenna coupler is thus preferably designed as a multilayer printed circuit board.
  • the coupler is formed of two appropriately coupled high frequency lines.
  • the geometric arrangement of the metal surfaces (in particular copper surfaces) of the high-frequency lines forms the coupler.
  • the distances between the copper surfaces and the electrically insulating carrier material of the multilayer printed circuit board provide the necessary insulation voltage strength.
  • the high-frequency lines are two coplanar lines which are embedded in two different layers of the multilayer printed circuit board one above the other. These lines preferably each consist of at least one strip line for the inner conductor and at least two strip lines for the outer conductor.
  • the thickness of the dielectric is preferably selected such that a voltage resistance required in the respective application is achieved.
  • the terminals of the coplanar leads to the surface of the circuit board hold a required for the desired dielectric strength leakage current path.
  • the inner layer of the circuit board (typically antenna side) coplanar line beyond the coupling zone with changed geometry, eg changed conductor width and / or conductor distances extended before contacting the surface is made.
  • the preferred embodiment of the inventive antenna coupler is designed as a one-sided shielded coupling structure.
  • the device-side coplanar line is supplemented by an additional shielding surface connected to PCB vias.
  • the shielding surface is preferably arranged so that they co-conductor with the stripe of the device-side coplanar line, the coaxial line, so antenna-side coplanar partially sheathed. In this way, at least the screen side is less sensitive to interference from metal parts inside the device.
  • insulating support material of the multilayer printed circuit board for example, the known material FR-4, a glass fiber reinforced, epoxide-based material having a dielectric strength of more than 30kV / mm.
  • the antenna coupler according to the invention will be described below with reference to the figures. Only a section of the antenna coupler, namely the coupling region in the multilayer printed circuit board is shown in each case.
  • Orange-red and yellow-green metal surfaces of strip lines. Dark blue and dark green sections at ends of strip lines (center conductors) are to be read as orange-red sections, so to understand as integral parts of the respective stripline, and have these structural elements, despite their different colors no deviating from an orange-red or yellow-green color meaning.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an antenna coupler according to the present invention having two coplanar lines spaced apart from each other by a layer isolation on one side of a circuit board core layer and having an electrically conductive shield structure extending in part on the opposite other of the two sides of the circuit core layer to shield the first radio-frequency line and device-side metal parts, which are not part of the antenna coupler, from interference in the conduction of radio-frequency signals; enlarged perspective view of a device-side end portion of the antenna coupler according to FIG. 1; enlarged perspective view of the opposite antenna-side end portion of the antenna coupler according to Fig. 1; Fig. 4 sectional view of the input-side portion -shown: yz-plane of the
  • Fig. 5 further sectional view-shown: xz-plane of the antenna coupler.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an antenna coupler 1 according to the invention with two coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b spaced apart from each other by a layer insulation 1 3. Since the one first coplanar line 3a, 3b is consequently concealed by the second coplanar line 4a, 4b in this illustration, FIG. 4 is to be used for the arrangement of the two coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b with respect to one another.
  • the coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b are disposed on one side of a circuit board core layer 6 and shielded with an electrically conductive shielding structure 5, this shielding structure 5 extending in part on the opposite one of the two sides of the circuit board core layer 6 and formed so that the first high-frequency line 3a, 3b and not shown here, device-side metal parts that are not part of the Antennenkopplers, do not interact in the conduction of high-frequency signals.
  • both coplanar lines 3a are in the y-direction of the illustrated coordinate system.
  • 3b, 4a, 4b respectively in the sequence outer conductor 3b, 4b- inner conductor 3a, 4a-outer conductor 3b, 4b arranged.
  • In the z-direction of the coordinate system follow one another metal surface or screen surface 9 - an intermediate layer of dielectric material 8 - antenna side, (first) coplanar 3a, 3b - layer insulation 1 3 - device side (second) coplanar 4a, 4b.
  • the coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b extend parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction x in the multilayer printed circuit board (2); Apart from short antenna-side and device-side longitudinal sections (strip lines 10a, 10b, IIa, IIb), the coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b completely overlap in the longitudinal direction and completely overlap in their transverse direction y perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x.
  • Strip lines 10a, 10b are likewise visible in FIG. 1, which project in the longitudinal direction x of the first coplanar line or the first high-frequency line 3a, 3b via the second coplanar line or second high-frequency line 4a, 4b for connection to a coaxial line, not shown here, to an antenna ; in the following synopsis with Fig. 3, this fact becomes even clearer.
  • FIG. 1 air is shown in FIG. 1 as the medium surrounding the antenna coupler 1; In addition to insulating properties, the air has no other function.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged perspective view of a device-side end section of the antenna coupler according to FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows an enlarged perspective view of the antenna-side end portion of the antenna coupler with the strip lines 10a, 10b to the first high-frequency line 3a, 3b.
  • FIG. 4 shows in a sectional view to the yz plane visible, as the second high-frequency line 4a, 4b with its outer conductor 4b, but not with its inner conductor 4a, electrically conductive through the PCB core layer 6 with the metal surface 9 on the opposite other the two sides of the PCB core layer 6 is connected for the purpose of shielding.
  • Another sectional view in FIG. 5 shows the xz-plane of the antenna coupler. It becomes clear that a large number of connections or printed circuit board plated-through holes 1 2 hold the outer conductor 4 b with the metal surface 9 at the same potential.
  • the invention presented here is not limited to the embodiments shown; Without departing from the spirit of the invention, the second high-frequency line 4a, 4b can of course also be coupled on the antenna side, while the first high-frequency line 3a, 3b can be coupled on the device side.

Abstract

The invention relates an antenna coupler (1) for connecting a high-frequency antenna to a device to which a high voltage can be applied galvanically during operation, wherein a multi-layer circuit board (2) that has conductor planes that are electrically insulated from each other in the depth direction (z) of the multi-layer circuit board (2) is provided. A first high-frequency line (3a, 3b) coupled or to be coupled with the high-frequency antenna is arranged in a first conductor plane, while a second high-frequency line (4a, 4b) coupled or to be coupled on the device side is arranged in a second conductor plane of the multi-layer circuit board (2). The multi-layer circuit board (2) has an electrically insulating circuit board core layer (6), wherein the first and second conductor planes extend on the same of the two faces of the circuit board core layer (6), and wherein the second high-frequency line (4a, 4b) coupled or to be coupled on the device side is arranged at a larger distance from the circuit board core layer (6) than the first high-frequency line (3a, 3b), and furthermore the second high-frequency line (4a, 4b) is arranged on an outer surface of the multi-layer circuit board (2). The antenna coupler (1) comprises an electrically conductive shielding structure (5), which extends partially on the opposite other of the two faces of the circuit board core layer (6) and is designed to shield the first high-frequency line (3a, 3b) and metal parts on the device side that are not part of the antenna coupler (1) from an interaction while high-frequency signals are conducted.

Description

Antennenkoppler  antenna
FELD DER ERFINDUNG  FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet Hochfrequenzleitungstechnik; sie betrifft einen Antennenkoppler zum Anschluss einer Hochfrequenzantenne nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.  The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency line technology; It relates to an antenna coupler for connecting a high-frequency antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
HINTERGRUND DER ERFINDUNG BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In vielen technischen Geräten, die einen Hochfrequenz-Sender oder -Empfänger enthalten und gleichzeitig galvanisch mit einer erdbezogenen Hochspannung (Netzspannung) beaufschlagt sind, soll eine Antenne über ein Koaxialkabel angeschlossen werden. Die entsprechende Antenne und das Koaxialkabel müssen galvanisch vom Gerät isoliert sein, da ansonsten bei Berührung Lebensgefahr besteht.  In many technical devices that contain a high-frequency transmitter or receiver and at the same time are galvanically exposed to an earth-related high voltage (mains voltage), an antenna is to be connected via a coaxial cable. The corresponding antenna and the coaxial cable must be galvanically isolated from the device, otherwise there is danger to life when touched.
Das Problem wurde bisher beispielsweise durch zwei parallel angeordnete Dipol-Antennen im Gerät gelöst, bei denen durch die ungewollte radiale Abstrahlung jedoch eine hohe Durchgangsdämpfung von mindestens 6dB für das Nutzsignal entsteht. Die ausgekoppelte Leistung wurde in ein Koaxialkabel eingespeist, um an eine abgesetzte Antenne weitergeleitet zu werden. The problem has been solved for example by two parallel arranged dipole antennas in the device, in which, however, by the unwanted radial radiation, a high transmission loss of at least 6dB for the useful signal. The decoupled power was fed into a coaxial cable to be routed to a remote antenna.
Eine bekannte Entkopplung über Kondensatoren (US4987391 ) besitzt entweder eine kleine Spannungsfestigkeit (1 kV) oder eine hohe Durchgangsdämpfung, da für eine hohe Spannungsfestigkeit der Kondensatoren eine große Bauform Voraussetzung ist, was sich aufgrund hohen induktiven Blindwiderstands und unerwünschter Abstrahlung negativ auf die Dämpfung auswirkt. A known decoupling via capacitors (US4987391) has either a low withstand voltage (1 kV) or a high transmission loss, since high capacitance of the capacitors requires a large design, which has a negative effect on the damping due to high inductive reactance and unwanted radiation.
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE Es ist aus dem Dokument US7545243 bekannt, dass sich Leitungsstrukturen zur galvanischen Entkopplung eignen. Ein Nachteil dieser bekannten Lösung liegt jedoch ebenfalls in der geringen Spannungsfestigkeit. CONFIRMATION COPY It is known from document US7545243 that line structures are suitable for galvanic decoupling. However, a disadvantage of this known solution is also the low dielectric strength.
DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNG PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Antennenkoppler zum Anschluss einer Hochfrequenzantenne dahingehend weiter zu entwickeln, wobei die oben genannten Nachteile behoben werden können.  It is therefore an object of the invention to further develop an antenna coupler for connecting a high-frequency antenna to the effect, wherein the above-mentioned disadvantages can be solved.
Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird durch die Gesamtheit der Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 10. The object underlying the invention is achieved by the totality of the features of claim 1. Further embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 10.
Der erfindungsgemäße Antennenkoppler zur galvanischen Trennung der Antenne von dem Sender/Empfänger erzielt eine hohe Isolationsspannungsfestigkeit von bis zu 1 2kV Gleichspannung und Netz-Wechselspannung, zugleich aber auch eine ausserordentlich geringe Durchgangsdämpfung für das Hochfrequenz-Nutzsignal. Der erfindungsgemäße Antennenkoppler kann eine besonders geringe Durchgangsdämpfung innerhalb gewünschter Frequenzgrenzen erreichen, da die Koppelleitungen, also die erste und zweite Hochfrequenzleitung, mit besonders geringem Abstand voneinander in Tiefenrichtung der Mehrlagenleiterplatte angeordnet werden können. Es kann die üblicherweise verwendete Schichtdicke der Mehrlagenleiterplatte als Abstand zwischen den Koppelleitungen genutzt werden. Ein Abstand von beispielsweise 0,3 mm ist realisierbar. The antenna coupler according to the invention for the galvanic separation of the antenna from the transmitter / receiver achieves a high insulation voltage of up to 1 2kV DC and AC line voltage, but at the same time also an extremely low transmission loss for the radio frequency useful signal. The antenna coupler according to the invention can achieve a particularly low transmission loss within desired frequency limits, since the coupling lines, so the first and second high-frequency line, can be arranged with a very small distance from each other in the depth direction of the multilayer printed circuit board. The commonly used layer thickness of the multilayer printed circuit board can be used as the distance between the coupling lines. A distance of 0.3 mm, for example, can be realized.
Es wird eine große nutzbare Hochfrequenz-Bandbreite erreicht, die mehr als eine Oktave betragen kann, beispielsweise von 800 MHz bis 2200 MHz. Er kann durch Verwendung von Mehrlagenleiterplatten, beispielsweise 2-fach oder 4-fach Mehrlagenleiterplatten, kostengünstig hergestellt werden. Der Antennenkoppler wird also bevorzugt als Mehrlagenleiterplatte ausgeführt. Der Koppler wird aus zwei in geeigneter Art gekoppelten Hochfrequenzleitungen gebildet. Die geometrische Anordnung der Metallflächen (insbesondere Kupferflächen) der Hochfrequenzleitungen bildet den Koppler. Die Abstände zwischen den Kupferflächen sowie das elektrisch isolierende Trägermaterial der Mehrlagenleiterplatte sorgen für die notwendige Isolationsspannungsfestigkeit. There is a large usable high-frequency bandwidth can be more than one octave, for example, from 800 MHz to 2200 MHz. It can be produced inexpensively by using multilayer printed circuit boards, for example 2-fold or 4-fold multilayer printed circuit boards. The antenna coupler is thus preferably designed as a multilayer printed circuit board. The coupler is formed of two appropriately coupled high frequency lines. The geometric arrangement of the metal surfaces (in particular copper surfaces) of the high-frequency lines forms the coupler. The distances between the copper surfaces and the electrically insulating carrier material of the multilayer printed circuit board provide the necessary insulation voltage strength.
Vorliegend sind die Hochfrequenzleitungen zwei Koplanarleitungen, die in zwei verschiedene Lagen der Mehrlagenleiterplatte übereinander eingebettet sind. Diese Leitungen bestehen vorzugsweise je aus mindestens einer Streifenleitung für den Innenleiter und mindestens zwei Streifenleitungen für den Aussenleiter. In the present case, the high-frequency lines are two coplanar lines which are embedded in two different layers of the multilayer printed circuit board one above the other. These lines preferably each consist of at least one strip line for the inner conductor and at least two strip lines for the outer conductor.
Diese zweimal drei Leiter sind in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform im Abstand und in der Breite der Leitungen so gewählt, dass die resultierende Leitung einen Wellenwiderstand von 50 Ohm besitzt. Dies ermöglicht eine stossstellenfreie und damit verlustarme Weiterleitung der Hochfrequenzleistung vom Koaxialkabel zum Sender/Empfänger im Inneren des Gerätes. These two times three conductors are selected in a preferred embodiment in the distance and in the width of the lines so that the resulting line has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. This allows a shock-free and thus low-loss forwarding of high-frequency power from the coaxial cable to the transmitter / receiver inside the device.
Die Dicke des Dielektrikums (dielektrisches Material) ist vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass eine im jeweiligen Anwendungsfall benötigte Spannungsfestigkeit erreicht wird. The thickness of the dielectric (dielectric material) is preferably selected such that a voltage resistance required in the respective application is achieved.
In bevorzugten Ausführungsformen halten die Anschlüsse der Koplanarleitungen an der Oberflache der Leiterplatte eine für die gewünschte Spannungsfestigkeit benötigte Kriechstromstrecke ein. Zu diesem Zweck ist in einem Ausführungsbeispiel die in der inneren Lage der Leiterplatte befindliche (typischerweise antennenseitige) Koplanarleitung über die Koppelzone hinaus mit veränderter Geometrie, also z.B. veränderter Leiterbreite und/oder Leiterabstände verlängert, bevor eine Kontaktierung zur Oberfläche hergestellt wird. Die bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Antennenkopplers ist als einseitig geschirmte Koppelstruktur ausgebildet. Die geräteseitige Koplanarleitung ist durch eine mit Leiterplatten-Durchkontaktierungen verbundene zusätzliche Schirmfläche ergänzt. Die Schirmfläche ist vorzugsweise so angeordnet, dass sie zusammen mit den Streifen leitern der geräteseitigen Koplanarleitung die Koaxialleitung, also antennenseitige Koplanarleitung teilweise ummantelt. Auf diese Weise ist zumindest die Schirmseite weniger sensibel gegen eine Beeinflussung durch Metaliteile im Inneren des Gerätes. In preferred embodiments, the terminals of the coplanar leads to the surface of the circuit board hold a required for the desired dielectric strength leakage current path. For this purpose, in one embodiment, located in the inner layer of the circuit board (typically antenna side) coplanar line beyond the coupling zone with changed geometry, eg changed conductor width and / or conductor distances extended before contacting the surface is made. The preferred embodiment of the inventive antenna coupler is designed as a one-sided shielded coupling structure. The device-side coplanar line is supplemented by an additional shielding surface connected to PCB vias. The shielding surface is preferably arranged so that they co-conductor with the stripe of the device-side coplanar line, the coaxial line, so antenna-side coplanar partially sheathed. In this way, at least the screen side is less sensitive to interference from metal parts inside the device.
Zur Erzielung einer hohen Spannungsfestigkeit eignet sich als isolierendes Trägermaterial der Mehrlagenleiterplatte beispielsweise das bekannte Material FR-4, ein glasfaserverstärktes, epoxid-basiertes Material, welches eine Spannungsfestigkeit von mehr als 30kV/mm aufweist. To achieve a high dielectric strength is suitable as insulating support material of the multilayer printed circuit board, for example, the known material FR-4, a glass fiber reinforced, epoxide-based material having a dielectric strength of more than 30kV / mm.
Es ist für ausreichend große Kriechstromstrecken an der Oberfläche der Leiterplatte zwischen den galvanisch isolierten Teilen zu sorgen. Für eine Spannungsfestigkeit von 1 2kV wird beispielsweise eine Kriechstromstrecke von etwas mehr als 10mm benötigt. It is necessary to ensure sufficiently large leakage current paths on the surface of the printed circuit board between the galvanically isolated parts. For a dielectric strength of 1 2kV, for example, a creepage distance of just over 10mm is needed.
Der erfindungsgemässe Antennenkoppler wird nachfolgend mit Bezug auf die Figuren beschrieben. Nur ein Ausschnitt des Antennenkopplers, nämlich der Kopplungsbereich in der der Mehrlagenleiterplatte ist jeweils dargestellt. The antenna coupler according to the invention will be described below with reference to the figures. Only a section of the antenna coupler, namely the coupling region in the multilayer printed circuit board is shown in each case.
KURZBESCHREIBUNG DER FIGUREN BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. In den Figuren ist folgende Farbkodierung der dargestellten Strukturelemente verwendet: Hellblau: Luft The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. The following color coding of the illustrated structural elements is used in the figures: Light blue: air
Orangerot und gelbgrün: Metallflächen von Streifenleitungen. Dunkelblaue und dunkelgrüne Abschnitte an Enden von Streifenleitungen (Mittelleitern) sind wie orangerote Abschnitte zu lesen, also als integrale Bestandteile der jeweiligen Streifenleitung zu verstehen, und haben an diesen Strukturelementen trotz ihrer anderen Farbgebung keine von einer orangeroten bzw. gelbgrünen Farbgebung abweichende Bedeutung. Orange-red and yellow-green: metal surfaces of strip lines. Dark blue and dark green sections at ends of strip lines (center conductors) are to be read as orange-red sections, so to understand as integral parts of the respective stripline, and have these structural elements, despite their different colors no deviating from an orange-red or yellow-green color meaning.
Dunkelgrün: Dielektrische Schichtisolation Darkgreen: Dielectric layer insulation
Hellgrün: Deckelisolation oder Kemschicht (Core) der Mehrlagenleiterplatte. Es zeigen: Light green: cover insulation or core layer (core) of the multilayer PCB. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Antennenkopplers mit zwei von einander durch eine Schichtisolation beabstandete und isolierte Koplanarleitungen auf einer Seite einer Leiterplattenkernschicht und mit einer elektrisch leitfähigen Abschirmstruktur, die sich zum Teil auf der gegenüberliegenden anderen der beiden Seiten der Leiterplattenkernschicht erstreckt und die ausgebildet ist, die erste Hochfrequenzleitung und geräteseitige Metallteile, die nicht Teil des Antennenkopplers sind, gegen eine Wechselwirkung bei der Leitung von Hochfrequenzsignalen abzuschirmen; vergrößerte perspektivische Ansicht eines geräteseitigen Endabschnitts des Antennenkopplers gemäss Fig. 1 ; vergrößerte perspektivische Ansicht des gegenüberliegenden antennenseitigen Endabschnitts des Antennenkopplers gemäss Fig. 1 ; Fig. 4 Schnittansicht des eingangsseitigen Abschnitts -dargestellt: yz-Ebene- des1 is a perspective view of an antenna coupler according to the present invention having two coplanar lines spaced apart from each other by a layer isolation on one side of a circuit board core layer and having an electrically conductive shield structure extending in part on the opposite other of the two sides of the circuit core layer to shield the first radio-frequency line and device-side metal parts, which are not part of the antenna coupler, from interference in the conduction of radio-frequency signals; enlarged perspective view of a device-side end portion of the antenna coupler according to FIG. 1; enlarged perspective view of the opposite antenna-side end portion of the antenna coupler according to Fig. 1; Fig. 4 sectional view of the input-side portion -shown: yz-plane of the
Antennenkopplers; und eine Antenna coupler; and a
Fig. 5 weitere Schnittansicht -dargestellt: xz-Ebene- des Antennenkopplers. Fig. 5 further sectional view-shown: xz-plane of the antenna coupler.
DETAILLIERTE BESCHREIBUNG BEVORZUGTER AUSFÜHRUNGSFORMEN DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Fig. 1 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht einen erfindungsgemässen Antennenkoppler 1 mit zwei von einander durch eine Schichtisolation 1 3 beabstandete und isolierte Koplanarleitungen 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b. Da die eine erste Koplanarleitung 3a, 3b von der zweiten Koplanarleitung 4a, 4b in dieser Darstellung konsequenterweise verdeckt wird, ist Fig. 4 für die Anordnung beider Koplanarleitungen 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b zueinander zur Hilfe zu nehmen.  1 shows a perspective view of an antenna coupler 1 according to the invention with two coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b spaced apart from each other by a layer insulation 1 3. Since the one first coplanar line 3a, 3b is consequently concealed by the second coplanar line 4a, 4b in this illustration, FIG. 4 is to be used for the arrangement of the two coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b with respect to one another.
Die Koplanarleitungen 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b sind auf einer Seite einer Leiterplattenkernschicht 6 angeordnet und mit einer elektrisch leitfähigen Abschirmstruktur 5 abgeschirmt, wobei sich diese Abschirmstruktur 5 zum Teil auf der gegenüberliegenden anderen der beiden Seiten der Leiterplattenkernschicht 6 erstreckt und so ausgebildet ist, dass die erste Hochfrequenzleitung 3a, 3b und hier nicht dargestellte, geräteseitige Metallteile, die nicht Teil des Antennenkopplers sind, bei der Leitung von Hochfrequenzsignalen nicht in Wechselwirkung treten. The coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b are disposed on one side of a circuit board core layer 6 and shielded with an electrically conductive shielding structure 5, this shielding structure 5 extending in part on the opposite one of the two sides of the circuit board core layer 6 and formed so that the first high-frequency line 3a, 3b and not shown here, device-side metal parts that are not part of the Antennenkopplers, do not interact in the conduction of high-frequency signals.
In Fig. 1 sind in y-Richtung des dargestellten Koordinatensystems beide Koplanarleitungen 3a. 3b, 4a, 4b jeweils in der Abfolge Aussenleiter 3b, 4b- Innenleiter 3a, 4a- Aussenleiter 3b, 4b angeordnet. In z-Richtung des Koordinatensystems folgen aufeinander eine Metallfläche bzw. Schirmfläche 9 - eine Zwischenschicht aus dielektrischem Material 8 - antennenseitige, (erste) Koplanarleitung 3a, 3b - Schichtisolation 1 3 - geräteseitige (zweite) Koplanarleitung 4a, 4b. Die Koplanarleitungen 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b verlaufen in der Mehrlagenleiterplatte (2) in Längsrichtung x zueinander parallel; abgesehen von kurzen antennenseitigen und geräteseitigen Längsabschnitten (Streifenleitungen 10a, 10b, I I a, I I b) überdecken sich die Koplanarleitungen 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b in Längsrichtung vollständig und sie überdecken sich in ihrer zur Längsrichtung x senkrecht stehenden Querrichtung y vollständig. In Fig. 1, both coplanar lines 3a are in the y-direction of the illustrated coordinate system. 3b, 4a, 4b respectively in the sequence outer conductor 3b, 4b- inner conductor 3a, 4a-outer conductor 3b, 4b arranged. In the z-direction of the coordinate system follow one another metal surface or screen surface 9 - an intermediate layer of dielectric material 8 - antenna side, (first) coplanar 3a, 3b - layer insulation 1 3 - device side (second) coplanar 4a, 4b. The coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b extend parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction x in the multilayer printed circuit board (2); Apart from short antenna-side and device-side longitudinal sections (strip lines 10a, 10b, IIa, IIb), the coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b completely overlap in the longitudinal direction and completely overlap in their transverse direction y perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x.
Als Beispielmasse für die hier dargestellte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Antennenkopplers sind die folgenden Werte hilfreich, wobei die hier angegebenen Werte der Breite in y-Richtung zu betrachten sind, die Längenwerte in x-Richtung und die Dickenwerte in z-Richtung: As an example of mass for the embodiment of the inventive antenna coupler shown here, the following values are helpful, whereby the values of the width given here in the y direction are to be considered, the length values in the x direction and the thickness values in the z direction:
- Breite Innenleiter 3a, 4a: 3mm - Wide inner conductor 3a, 4a: 3mm
- Breite Aussenleiter 3b, 4b: 2mm  - Wide outer conductor 3b, 4b: 2mm
- Länge Koplanarleitungen 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b: 25mm  Length of coplanar lines 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b: 25mm
- Dicke Schichtisolation 1 3: 0,3mm  - Thick layer insulation 1 3: 0.3mm
- relative Dielektrizitätszahl der Schichtisolation 1 3: εΓ=4,5 Relative permittivity of the layer insulation 1 3: ε Γ = 4.5
- seitlicher Abstand Innenleitern 3a, 4a und Aussenleitern 3b, 4b: 1 ,2mm  - lateral distance inner conductors 3a, 4a and outer conductors 3b, 4b: 1, 2mm
In Fig. 1 sind ebenfalls Streifenleitungen 10a, 10b sichtbar, die in Längsrichtung x der ersten Koplanarleitung bzw. der ersten Hochfrequenzleitung 3a, 3b über die zweite Koplanarleitung bzw. zweite Hochfrequenzleitung 4a, 4b zwecks Anschlusses an eine hier nicht dargestellte Koaxialleitung zu einer Antenne hinausragen; in der folgenden Zusammenschau mit Fig. 3 wird dieser Sachverhalt noch deutlicher. Strip lines 10a, 10b are likewise visible in FIG. 1, which project in the longitudinal direction x of the first coplanar line or the first high-frequency line 3a, 3b via the second coplanar line or second high-frequency line 4a, 4b for connection to a coaxial line, not shown here, to an antenna ; in the following synopsis with Fig. 3, this fact becomes even clearer.
Mit 7 ist in Fig.1 Luft als das den Antennenkoppler 1 umgebende Medium dargestellt; neben isolierenden Eigenschaften weist die Luft keine weitere Funktion auf. 7, air is shown in FIG. 1 as the medium surrounding the antenna coupler 1; In addition to insulating properties, the air has no other function.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine vergrößerte perspektivische Ansicht eines geräteseitigen Endabschnitts des Antennenkopplers gemäss Fig. 1. Hier wird deutlich, dass die zweite Hochfrequenzleitung 4a, 4b mit Streifenleitungen I I a, 1 l b in x-Richtung über die erste Hochfrequenzleitung 3a, 3b zwecks Anschlusses an ein hier nicht näher gezeigtes Gerät hinausragt. FIG. 2 shows an enlarged perspective view of a device-side end section of the antenna coupler according to FIG. 1. Here it becomes clear that the second high-frequency line 4a, 4b with strip lines II a, 1 lb projecting in the x-direction over the first high-frequency line 3a, 3b for the purpose of connection to a device not shown here closer.
Wie bereits zur Fig. 1 andeutet, zeigt Fig. 3 in einer vergrösserten perspektivischen Darstellung den antennenseitigen Endabschnitt des Antennenkopplers mit den Streifenleitungen 10a, 10b zu der ersten Hochfrequenzleitung 3a, 3b. As already indicated for Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows an enlarged perspective view of the antenna-side end portion of the antenna coupler with the strip lines 10a, 10b to the first high-frequency line 3a, 3b.
In der Fig. 4 ist in einer Schnittansicht zur yz-Ebene sichtbar dargestellt, wie die zweite Hochfrequenzleitung 4a, 4b mit ihrem Aussenleiter 4b, jedoch nicht mit ihrem Innenleiter 4a, elektrisch leitfähig durch die Leiterplattenkernschicht 6 hindurch mit der Metallfläche 9 auf der gegenüberliegenden anderen der beiden Seiten der Leiterplattenkernschicht 6 zwecks Schirmung verbunden ist. Eine weitere Schnittdarstellung zeigt in Fig. 5 die xz-Ebene des Antennenkopplers. Hierbei wird deutlich, dass eine Vielzahl von Verbindungen bzw. Leiterplatten-Durchkontaktierungen 1 2 den Aussenleiter 4b mit der Metallfläche 9 auf gleichem Potential halten. FIG. 4 shows in a sectional view to the yz plane visible, as the second high-frequency line 4a, 4b with its outer conductor 4b, but not with its inner conductor 4a, electrically conductive through the PCB core layer 6 with the metal surface 9 on the opposite other the two sides of the PCB core layer 6 is connected for the purpose of shielding. Another sectional view in FIG. 5 shows the xz-plane of the antenna coupler. It becomes clear that a large number of connections or printed circuit board plated-through holes 1 2 hold the outer conductor 4 b with the metal surface 9 at the same potential.
Selbstverständlich ist die hier vorgestellte Erfindung nicht auf die gezeigten Ausführungsformen beschränkt; ohne den Erfmdungsgedanken zu verlassen, ist beispielsweise die zweite Hochfrequenzleitung 4a, 4b selbstverständlich auch antennenseitig koppelbar, während die erste Hochfrequenzleitung 3a, 3b geräteseitig koppelbar sein kann. Of course, the invention presented here is not limited to the embodiments shown; Without departing from the spirit of the invention, the second high-frequency line 4a, 4b can of course also be coupled on the antenna side, while the first high-frequency line 3a, 3b can be coupled on the device side.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Antennenkoppler 1 antenna coupler
2 Mehrlagenleiterplatte  2 multi-layer printed circuit board
3a, 3b erste Hochfrequenzleitung mit Innenleiter und Aussenleiter, erste Koplanarleitung  3a, 3b first radio-frequency line with inner conductor and outer conductor, first coplanar line
4a, 4b zweite Hochfrequenzleitung mit Innenleiter und Aussenleiter zweite Koplanarleitung  4a, 4b second high-frequency line with inner conductor and outer conductor second Koplanarleitung
5 Abschirmstruktur  5 shielding structure
6 Leiterplattenkernschicht  6 PCB core layer
7 Luft  7 air
8 dielektrisches Material  8 dielectric material
9 Metallfläche, Schirmfläche  9 metal surface, screen surface
10a, 10b Steifenleitung zu 3a, 3b 10a, 10b stiffening line to 3a, 3b
I I a, I I b Streifenleitung zu 4a, 4b I I a, I I b stripline to 4a, 4b
1 2 Verbindung, Leiterplatten-Durchkontaktierungen  1 2 Connection, printed circuit board vias
1 3 Schichtisolation  1 3 layer insulation

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1 Antennenkoppler (1 ) zum Anschluss einer Hochfrequenzantenne an ein im Betrieb galvanisch mit einer Hochspannung beaufschlagbares Gerät, umfassend 1 antenna coupler (1) for connecting a high-frequency antenna to a galvanic in operation with a high voltage acted upon device, comprising
eine Mehrlagenleiterplatte (2) mit Leiterebenen, die in Tiefenrichtung (z) der Mehrlagenleiterplatte (2) von einander elektrisch isoliert sind,  a multilayer printed circuit board (2) having conductor planes electrically insulated from each other in the depth direction (z) of the multilayer printed circuit board (2),
mindestens eine mit der Hochfrequenzantenne zu koppelnde oder gekoppelte erste Hochfrequenzleitung (3a, 3b) in einer ersten Leiterebene,  at least one first radio-frequency line (3a, 3b) to be coupled or coupled to the radio-frequency antenna in a first conductor plane,
mindestens eine geräteseitig zu koppelnde oder gekoppelte zweite Hochfrequenzleitung (4a, 4b) in einer zweiten Leiterebene der Mehrlagenleiterplatte (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  at least one second high-frequency line (4a, 4b) to be coupled or coupled to the device in a second conductor plane of the multi-layer printed circuit board (2), characterized in that
die Mehrlagenleiterplatte (2) eine elektrisch isolierende Leiterplattenkernschicht (6) aufweist,  the multilayer printed circuit board (2) has an electrically insulating printed circuit board core layer (6),
die erste und zweite Leiterebene sich auf derselben der beiden Seiten der Leiterplattenkernschicht (6) erstrecken,  the first and second conductor planes extend on the same of the two sides of the circuit board core layer (6),
wobei die geräteseitig zu koppelnde oder gekoppelte zweite  wherein the device side to be coupled or coupled second
Hochfrequenzleitung (4a, 4b) mit größerem Abstand von der Leiterplattenkernschicht (6) angeordnet ist als die erste Hochfrequenzleitung (3a, 3b),  High-frequency line (4a, 4b) is arranged at a greater distance from the circuit board core layer (6) than the first high-frequency line (3a, 3b),
- wobei die zweite Hochfrequenzleitung (4a, 4b) auf einer Aussenfläche der  - Wherein the second high frequency line (4a, 4b) on an outer surface of the
Mehrlagenleiterplatte (2) angeordnet ist  Multilayer printed circuit board (2) is arranged
und wobei der Antennenkoppler (1 ) eine elektrisch leitfähige Abschirmstruktur (5) aufweist, die sich zum Teil auf der gegenüberliegenden anderen der beiden Seiten der Leiterplattenkernschicht (6) erstreckt und die ausgebildet ist, die erste  and wherein said antenna coupler (1) has an electrically conductive shielding structure (5) extending in part on the opposite one of the two sides of the circuit board core layer (6) and being formed, the first one
Hochfrequenzleitung (3a, 3b) und geräteseitige Metallteile, die nicht Teil des Antennenkopplers (1 ) sind, gegen eine Wechselwirkung bei der Leitung von  High frequency line (3a, 3b) and device-side metal parts, which are not part of the antenna coupler (1), against an interaction in the line of
Hochfrequenzsignalen abzuschirmen. Antennenkoppler ( 1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und zweite Hochfrequenzleitung (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) in der Mehrlagenleiterplatte (2) in Längsrichtung (x) der ersten und zweiten Hochfrequenzleitung (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) zueinander parallel verlaufen. Shield high-frequency signals. Antenna coupler (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second high-frequency line (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) in the multilayer printed circuit board (2) in the longitudinal direction (x) of the first and second high-frequency line (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b ) parallel to each other.
Antennenkoppler ( 1 ) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hochfrequenzleitungen (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) - abgesehen von kurzen antennseitigen- und geräteseitigen Längsabschnitten der Hochfrequenzleitungen (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) - sich in Längsrichtung vollständig überdecken. Antenna coupler (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the high-frequency lines (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) - apart from short antennseitigen- and device-side longitudinal sections of the high-frequency lines (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) - in the longitudinal direction completely cover.
Antennenkoppler (1 ) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch Antenna coupler (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die beabstandeten Hochfrequenzleitungen (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) einander in ihrer zur Längsrichtung senkrecht stehenden Querrichtung (y) vollständig überdecken. in that the spaced-apart high-frequency lines (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) completely cover one another in their transverse direction (y) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
Antennenkoppler ( 1 ) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch Antenna coupler (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Hochfrequenzleitungen (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) als characterized in that the high-frequency lines (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) as
Koplanarleitungen ausgebildet sind. Coplanar lines are formed.
Antennenkoppler (1 ) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch Antenna coupler (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Abschirmstruktur (5) eine Metallfläche (9) aufweist, die die erste Hochfrequenzleitung (3a, 3b) teilweise ummantelt. in that the shielding structure (5) has a metal surface (9) which partially encloses the first high-frequency line (3a, 3b).
Antennenkoppler (1 ) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch Antenna coupler (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass in jeder Leiterebene mindestens eine Streifenleitung (10a, 1 l a) zur Kopplung an einen antennenseitigen bzw. geräteseitigen Innenleiter und mindestens zwei Streifenleitungen (1 Ob, I I b) zur Kopplung an einen characterized in that in each conductor plane at least one strip line (10a, 1 l a) for coupling to an antenna-side or device-side inner conductor and at least two strip lines (1 Ob, I I b) for coupling to a
antennenseitigen bzw. geräteseitigen Aussenleiter aufweisen. Antennenkoppler (1 ) nach Anspruch 7, bei dem die Streifenleitungen (10a, 10b, 1 l a, 1 1 b) der ersten und zweiten Hochfrequenzleitungen (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) einen jeweiligen seitlichen, also senkrecht zur Längsrichtung (x) der Streifenleitungen (10a, 10b, 1 l a,antenna-side or device-side outer conductor have. Antenna coupler (1) according to claim 7, wherein the strip lines (10a, 10b, 1 la, 1 1 b) of the first and second high frequency lines (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) a respective lateral, ie perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (x) of Strip lines (10a, 10b, 1 la,
1 1 b) zu messenden Abstand voneinander in der betreffenden Leiterebene, und eine jeweilige, in der betreffenden Leiterebene in seitlicher Richtung (y) zu messende Breite aufweisen, die in Kombination einen Wellenwiderstand der betreffenden 1 1 b) distance to be measured from one another in the relevant plane of the ladder, and a respective width to be measured in the relevant plane of the ladder in the lateral direction (y), which, in combination, has a characteristic impedance of the relevant
Hochfrequenzleitung von 50 Ohm bewirken. Antennenkoppler (1 ) nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, bei dem die zweite High frequency line of 50 ohms effect. Antenna coupler (1) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the second
Hochfrequenzleitung mit ihrem Aussenleiter (4b), jedoch nicht mit ihrem Innenleiter (4a), elektrisch leitfähig durch die Leiterplattenkernschicht (6) hindurch mit der Metallfläche (9) auf der gegenüberliegenden anderen der beiden Seiten der High frequency line with its outer conductor (4b), but not with its inner conductor (4a), electrically conductive through the PCB core layer (6) through with the metal surface (9) on the opposite other of the two sides of the
Leiterplattenkernschicht (6) verbunden ist. Antennenkoppler (1 ) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch PCB core layer (6) is connected. Antenna coupler (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass er eine Spannungsfestigkeit von bis zu 1 2 kV zwischen der ersten und zweiten Leiterebene aufweist. characterized in that it has a dielectric strength of up to 1 2 kV between the first and second conductor level.
EP10747815.8A 2009-10-14 2010-08-06 Antenna coupler Active EP2489095B1 (en)

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EP10747815.8A EP2489095B1 (en) 2009-10-14 2010-08-06 Antenna coupler
PCT/EP2010/004825 WO2011044965A1 (en) 2009-10-14 2010-08-06 Antenna coupler

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CN106537683B (en) * 2014-06-23 2020-03-13 蓝色多瑙河系统股份有限公司 Coupling of signals on a multilayer substrate
US10575395B2 (en) * 2016-06-07 2020-02-25 Honeywell International Inc. Band pass filter-based galvanic isolator
CN114094317B (en) * 2021-10-22 2023-12-01 西安电子工程研究所 Multilayer composite material strip line antenna, integrated forming die and method
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BR112012008788B1 (en) 2021-08-17
US9147925B2 (en) 2015-09-29
AU2010306171A1 (en) 2012-05-24
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NZ599934A (en) 2013-07-26
BR112012008788A2 (en) 2020-08-25

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