EP1139049B1 - Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal - Google Patents

Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1139049B1
EP1139049B1 EP01470006A EP01470006A EP1139049B1 EP 1139049 B1 EP1139049 B1 EP 1139049B1 EP 01470006 A EP01470006 A EP 01470006A EP 01470006 A EP01470006 A EP 01470006A EP 1139049 B1 EP1139049 B1 EP 1139049B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating
lining
layer
molten metal
metallic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01470006A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1139049A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Lutte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sarl MEO
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Sarl MEO
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refractory lining for ovens containing liquid metal.
  • layers (1) to (5) are given by way of nonlimiting example in the following table: Ref. layer ( ⁇ ) Quality ⁇ [ W / mK ] Thickness [ m ] T ⁇ [° C] with healthy layer (5). T ⁇ [° C] with cracked layer (5). 1 lsolante 0021 0015 63.22 73.63 2 Very insulating 0.08 0050 314.57 393.37 3 Army and not wettable 1.06 0080 534 673.14 4 Very insulating 0035 0015 581.05 706.93 5 Dense and not wettable 1.94 0100 711.86 706.93 Total thickness 0.260 [ m ]
  • the last two columns show the layer temperatures respectively in the case where the dense layer is healthy and in the case where it is cracked.
  • the reinforced layer (3) plays its role and can last longer without loss huge insulation and energy
  • a packing of the type of the invention makes it possible to build for a lesser or equal total thickness of highly insulating oven walls, while providing high operational safety, longer service life, energy savings important.
  • the energy saving can be further increased by combining the action of the packing according to the invention with the use of immersion heaters immersed in the liquid metal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

A refractory lining for a furnace containing molten metal, having a face plated to the inside of the steel plate wall of the furnace and a face in contact with the molten metal, comprises a first assembly of an insulating layer (1), a highly insulating layer (2) and a metal side and a second assembly of one or more dense layers (5) non-wettable by the molten metal. Between these two assemblies it incorporates at least one insulating or non-insulating refractory layer (3) strengthened by a reinforcing medium. By preference the reinforcing medium is a metallic or non-metallic lattice or reinforcing fibres. An Independent claim is included for a furnace incorporating such a refractory lining.

Description

La présente invention concerne un garnissage réfractaire pour des fours contenant du métal liquide.The present invention relates to a refractory lining for ovens containing liquid metal.

Le garnissage actuel de ce type de four, plaqué sur la face interne de la tôle extérieure du four et au contact du métal en fusion est composé successivement de :

  • une ou plusieurs couches isolantes en matériaux réfractaires du côté de la tôle.
  • facultativement de couches de sécurité semi-isolantes ou isolantes assurant la non mouillabilité par le métal en fusion des couches isolantes précédentes
  • couches denses non-mouillables par le métal en fusion.
The current lining of this type of oven, plated on the internal face of the external sheet of the oven and in contact with the molten metal is successively composed of:
  • one or more insulating layers of refractory materials on the side of the sheet.
  • optionally semi-insulating or insulating safety layers ensuring the non-wettability of the preceding insulating layers by the molten metal
  • dense layers not wettable by molten metal.

Un tel garnissage présente cependant certains inconvénients ou défauts à savoir .

  • résistance et longévité insuffisantes dues à des fissurations des couches denses
  • Performances limitées du four.
  • Pertes de chaleur.
  • L'invention pallie les inconvénients par un garnissage réfractaire pour des fours contenant du métal en fusion, le dit garnissage ayant une face plaquée à l'intérieur de la paroi en tôle du four et une face en contact avec le métal en fusion, garnissage du type comportant, côté tôle, un premier ensemble de couches isolantes (1) et très isolantes (2) et côté métal, un deuxième ensemble de une ou plusieurs couches denses (5) non mouillables par le métal en fusion, caractérisé en ce que, entre les deux ensembles, il comporte au moins une couche réfractaire (3) isolante ou semi isolante armée par un moyen de renfort.
  • Le garnissage selon l'invention peut en outre comporter entre la couche armée et l'ensemble de couches denses, une couche très isolante.
  • L'invention concerne également un four isolé par un tel garnissage et éventuellement combiné avec l'action de thermo plongeurs.
However, such a lining has certain drawbacks or defects, namely.
  • insufficient strength and longevity due to cracking of dense layers
  • Limited oven performance.
  • Heat loss.
  • The invention overcomes the disadvantages by a refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal, said lining having a face pressed inside the sheet metal wall of the furnace and a face in contact with the molten metal, lining of the type comprising, on the sheet side, a first set of insulating (1) and very insulating (2) layers and on the metal side, a second set of one or more dense layers (5) not wettable by molten metal, characterized in that, between the two assemblies, it comprises at least one insulating or semi-insulating refractory layer (3) reinforced by a reinforcing means.
  • The lining according to the invention may also comprise, between the reinforced layer and the set of dense layers, a very insulating layer.
  • The invention also relates to an oven isolated by such a lining and possibly combined with the action of immersion heaters.

On comprendra mieux l'invention à l'aide de la description ci-après faite en référence aux figures annexées suivantes :

  • Figure 1 croquis montrant en coupe transversale un garnissage de l'art antérieur.
  • Figure 2 : croquis montrant en coupe transversale un garnissage selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood using the description below made with reference to the following appended figures:
  • Figure 1 sketch showing in cross section a lining of the prior art.
  • Figure 2: sketch showing in cross section a packing according to the invention.

Afin de mieux comprendre l'efficacité d'un garnissage selon l'invention, ses performances sont comparées à celles d'un garnissage de l'art antérieur.In order to better understand the effectiveness of a packing according to the invention, its performances are compared to those of a lining of the prior art.

On se rapporte d'abord à la figure 1.We first refer to Figure 1.

Le garnissage de l'art antérieur cité en exemple comporte

  • Deux ou plusieurs couches isolantes (a) (b) successives dont la couche (a) est plaquée contre la tôle (t) extérieure du four
  • Une couche isolante (c) de sécurité.
  • Deux couches (d) (e) successives dont la dernière couche (e) au contact du métal liquide, est saine (non fissurée) .
The lining of the prior art cited as an example comprises
  • Two or more successive insulating layers (a) (b), the layer (a) of which is pressed against the outer sheet (t) of the furnace
  • An insulating safety layer (c).
  • Two successive layers (d) (e), the last layer (e) in contact with the liquid metal, is sound (not cracked).

Leurs caractéristiques sont indiquées à titre d'exemple dans le tableau suivant. Réf. Couche Qualité λ [W/m.K] Épaisseur[m] T [°C] a Isolante 0.08 0.030 63.82 b Très isolante 0.1 0.050 197.84 c Isolante 0.1 0.050 376.83 d Isolante 0.1 0.070 555.22 e Dense non mouillable par le métal et saine. 1.94 0.100 711.58 Épaisseur totale                                    0.300 [m] Their characteristics are shown by way of example in the following table. Ref. Layer Quality λ [ W / mK ] Thickness [ m ] T [° C ] at insulating 0.08 0030 63.82 b Very insulating 0.1 0050 197.84 vs insulating 0.1 0050 376.83 d insulating 0.1 0070 555.22 e Dense not wettable by metal and sound. 1.94 0100 711.58 Total thickness 0.300 [ m ]

On se rapporte à présent à la figure 2 correspondant à un exemple non limitatif de l'invention et qui comporte successivement

  • deux ou plusieurs couches isolantes (1) et très isolante (2) dont la couche (1) du côté de la tôle (6) extérieure du four (analogues aux couches (a) et (b) précédentes).
  • une couche armée (3) isolante ou semi-isolante dont le matériau isolant est renforcé par tout moyen de renfort par exemple choisi dans l'ensemble [treillis (métallique ou non métallique), fibres de renfort (métalliques ou non métalliques)]. Cette couche armée (3) supprime la couche isolante (c) du cas précédent. En effet, de façon surprenante, en plus de son rôle de renfort mécanique elle augmente l'isolation thermique et assure une fonction de sécurité garantissant la non mouillabilité du réfractaire par le métal en fusion. Son coefficient λ de conductibilité thermique pourra être choisi dans l'intervalle [0.35 2.5] avec une valeur préférentielle voisine de 1 par exemple comprise entre 1 et 1.1 W/m.K.
  • une couche très isolante (4) optionnelle remplaçant la couche isolante (d) du cas précédent.
  • une couche dense (5) non mouillable par le métal correspondant à la couche (e) du cas précédent.
Reference is now made to FIG. 2 corresponding to a nonlimiting example of the invention and which successively comprises
  • two or more insulating (1) and highly insulating (2) layers including the layer (1) on the side of the sheet metal (6) outside the oven (similar to the layers (a) and (b) above).
  • an insulating or semi-insulating reinforced layer (3), the insulating material of which is reinforced by any reinforcing means, for example chosen from the set [mesh (metallic or non-metallic), reinforcing fibers (metallic or non-metallic)]. This reinforced layer (3) removes the insulating layer (c) from the previous case. Indeed, surprisingly, in addition to its role of mechanical reinforcement, it increases the thermal insulation and provides a safety function guaranteeing the non-wettability of the refractory by the molten metal. Its coefficient λ of thermal conductivity can be chosen in the interval [0.35 2.5] with a preferential value close to 1 for example between 1 and 1.1 W / mK
  • an optional highly insulating layer (4) replacing the insulating layer (d) of the previous case.
  • a dense layer (5) not wettable by the metal corresponding to the layer (e) of the previous case.

Les caractéristiques des couches (1) à (5) sont reprises à titre d'exemple non limitatif dans le tableau suivant : Réf. couche (η) Qualité λ [W/m.K] Épaisseur [m] T η [°C] avec couche (5) saine. T η [°C] avec couche (5) fissurée. 1 lsolante 0.021 0.015 63.22 73.63 2 Très isolante 0.08 0.050 314.57 393.37 3 Armée et non mouillable 1.06 0.080 534 673.14 4 Très isolante 0.035 0.015 581.05 706.93 5 Dense et non mouillable 1.94 0.100 711.86 706.93 Épaisseur Totale                        0.260 [m] The characteristics of layers (1) to (5) are given by way of nonlimiting example in the following table: Ref. layer ( η ) Quality λ [ W / mK ] Thickness [ m ] T η [° C] with healthy layer (5). T η [° C] with cracked layer (5). 1 lsolante 0021 0015 63.22 73.63 2 Very insulating 0.08 0050 314.57 393.37 3 Army and not wettable 1.06 0080 534 673.14 4 Very insulating 0035 0015 581.05 706.93 5 Dense and not wettable 1.94 0100 711.86 706.93 Total thickness 0.260 [ m ]

Les températures sont des températures moyennes vérifiées expérimentalementTemperatures are verified average temperatures experimentally

Les deux dernières colonnes indiquent les températures des couches respectivement dans le cas où la couche dense est saine et dans le cas où elle est fissurée.The last two columns show the layer temperatures respectively in the case where the dense layer is healthy and in the case where it is cracked.

Dans le cas où cette couche dense (5) est fissurée, une température d'environ 70° à 75° de la couche 1 et de la tôle extérieure est acceptable et le four peut continuer à fonctionner sans nécessiter d'intervention.In the case where this dense layer (5) is cracked, a temperature about 70 ° to 75 ° of layer 1 and the outer sheet is acceptable and the oven can continue to operate without requiring intervention.

La couche armée (3) joue son rôle et peut tenir plus durablement sans perte énorme d'isolation et d'énergieThe reinforced layer (3) plays its role and can last longer without loss huge insulation and energy

Un garnissage du type de l'invention permet de construire pour une épaisseur totale moindre ou égale des parois de fours très isolantes, tout en offrant une grande sécurité de fonctionnement, une durée de vie accrue, un gain d'énergie important. A packing of the type of the invention makes it possible to build for a lesser or equal total thickness of highly insulating oven walls, while providing high operational safety, longer service life, energy savings important.

L'économie d'énergie peut être encore augmentée en combinant l'action du garnissage selon l'invention avec l'emploi de thermoplongeurs immergés dans le métal liquide.The energy saving can be further increased by combining the action of the packing according to the invention with the use of immersion heaters immersed in the liquid metal.

Dans toute la description et les revendications, les qualificatifs «semi isolante » et « très isolantes » peuvent être attribués à des couches dont le coefficient de conductibilité thermique (λ) est :

  • environ [1 2.5] W/m.K pour une couche semi isolante.
  • environ [0.35 ] W/m.K pour une couche isolante.
  • environ ≤ 0.35 W/m.K pour une couche très isolante.
Throughout the description and the claims, the qualifiers “semi-insulating” and “very insulating” can be attributed to layers whose coefficient of thermal conductivity (λ) is:
  • around [1 2.5] W / mK for a semi-insulating layer.
  • around [0.35] W / mK for an insulating layer.
  • about ≤ 0.35 W / mK for a very insulating layer.

Claims (8)

  1. Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal, said lining having a plated face on the interior of the sheet metal wall of the furnace and a face in contact with the molten metal, a lining of the type comprising, on the sheet metal side, a first assembly of insulating layers (1) and very insulating layers (2) and, on the metal side, a second assembly of one or more dense layers (5) which are not wettable by the molten metal, characterised in that, between the two assemblies, it includes at least one insulating or semi-insulating refractory layer (3) reinforced by a reinforcing means.
  2. Lining according to claim 1, characterised in that the reinforcing means is selected from the assembly of a metallic or non-metallic lattice and metallic or non-metallic reinforcing fibres.
  3. Lining according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that it also comprises a very insulating layer (4) between the reinforced layer (3) and the assembly of dense layers.
  4. Lining according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the coefficient λ of the reinforced layer (3) is within the range of between 0.35 W/m.K and 2.5 W/m.K.
  5. Lining according to claim 4, characterised in that the coefficient λ is preferably between 1 and 1.1 W/m.K.
  6. Lining according to one of claims 4 to 5, characterised in that the coefficient λ of the very insulating layer (4) is ≤ 0.35 W/m.K.
  7. Industrial furnace for the melting of metal, characterised in that its wall is insulated internally by a coating according to one of claims 1 to 6.
  8. Furnace according to claim 7, characterised in that the lining is combined with the action of immersion heaters.
EP01470006A 2000-03-30 2001-03-15 Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal Expired - Lifetime EP1139049B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0004006A FR2807151B1 (en) 2000-03-30 2000-03-30 REFRACTORY LINING FOR FURNACES CONTAINING FUSED METAL
FR0004006 2000-03-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1139049A1 EP1139049A1 (en) 2001-10-04
EP1139049B1 true EP1139049B1 (en) 2004-12-22

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EP01470006A Expired - Lifetime EP1139049B1 (en) 2000-03-30 2001-03-15 Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1139049B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE285556T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60107892D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2807151B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3227431A (en) * 1961-11-22 1966-01-04 Nat Res Corp Crucible externally lined with filamentary carbon
US3345059A (en) * 1965-03-12 1967-10-03 United States Steel Corp Crucible for holding molten metal
FR1517349A (en) * 1967-03-31 1968-03-15 Morganite Crucible Ltd New refractory linings
LU71573A1 (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-11-11
US5120029A (en) * 1988-02-19 1992-06-09 Durbin Robert J Linings for crucible furnaces and transfer vessels and method of applying same
SE9201363L (en) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-01 Kanthal Ab Use of fibers or filaments of a metallic material in refractory ceramic materials and materials containing such fibers or filaments

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2807151B1 (en) 2002-09-13
DE60107892D1 (en) 2005-01-27
ATE285556T1 (en) 2005-01-15
EP1139049A1 (en) 2001-10-04
FR2807151A1 (en) 2001-10-05

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