EP1139049A1 - Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal - Google Patents

Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1139049A1
EP1139049A1 EP01470006A EP01470006A EP1139049A1 EP 1139049 A1 EP1139049 A1 EP 1139049A1 EP 01470006 A EP01470006 A EP 01470006A EP 01470006 A EP01470006 A EP 01470006A EP 1139049 A1 EP1139049 A1 EP 1139049A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating
molten metal
layer
lining
metal
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Granted
Application number
EP01470006A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1139049B1 (en
Inventor
Paul Lutte
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SARL MEO
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Novatherm (Sarl)
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refractory lining for ovens containing liquid metal.
  • layers (1) to (5) are given by way of nonlimiting example in the following table: Ref. layer ( ⁇ ) Quality ⁇ [ W / mK ] Thickness [ m ] T ⁇ [° C] with healthy layer (5). T ⁇ [° C] with cracked layer (5). 1 lsolante 0.021 0.015 63.22 73.63 2 Very insulating 0.08 0.050 314.57 393.37 3 Army and not wettable 1.06 0.080 534 673.14 4 Very insulating 0.035 0.015 581.05 706.93 5 Dense and not wettable 1.94 0.100 711.86 706.93 Total thickness 0.260 [ m ]
  • the last two columns indicate the temperatures of the layers respectively in the case where the dense layer is healthy and in the case where it is cracked.
  • the reinforced layer (3) plays its role and can last longer without loss huge isolation and energy.
  • a packing of the type of the invention makes it possible to build for a lesser or equal total thickness of highly insulating oven walls, while providing high operational safety, longer service life, energy savings important.
  • the energy saving can be further increased by combining the action of the packing according to the invention with the use of immersion heaters immersed in the liquid metal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

A refractory lining for a furnace containing molten metal, having a face plated to the inside of the steel plate wall of the furnace and a face in contact with the molten metal, comprises a first assembly of an insulating layer (1), a highly insulating layer (2) and a metal side and a second assembly of one or more dense layers (5) non-wettable by the molten metal. Between these two assemblies it incorporates at least one insulating or non-insulating refractory layer (3) strengthened by a reinforcing medium. By preference the reinforcing medium is a metallic or non-metallic lattice or reinforcing fibres. An Independent claim is included for a furnace incorporating such a refractory lining.

Description

La présente invention concerne un garnissage réfractaire pour des fours contenant du métal liquide.The present invention relates to a refractory lining for ovens containing liquid metal.

Le garnissage actuel de ce type de four, plaqué sur la face interne de la tôle extérieure du four et au contact du métal en fusion est composé successivement de :

  • une ou plusieurs couches isolantes en matériaux réfractaires du côté de la tôle.
  • facultativement de couches de sécurité semi-isolantes ou isolantes assurant la non mouillabilité par le métal en fusion des couches isolantes précédentes.
  • couches denses non-mouillables par le métal en fusion.
The current lining of this type of oven, plated on the internal face of the external sheet of the oven and in contact with the molten metal is successively composed of:
  • one or more insulating layers of refractory materials on the side of the sheet.
  • optionally semi-insulating or insulating safety layers ensuring the non-wettability by the molten metal of the preceding insulating layers.
  • dense layers not wettable by molten metal.

Un tel garnissage présente cependant certains inconvénients ou défauts à savoir :

  • résistance et longévité insuffisantes dues à des fissurations des couches denses.
  • Performances limitées du four.
  • Pertes de chaleur.
  • L'invention pallie les inconvénients par un garnissage réfractaire pour des fours contenant du métal en fusion, le dit garnissage ayant une face plaquée à l'intérieur de la paroi en tôle du four et une face en contact avec le métal en fusion, garnissage du type comportant, côté tôle, un premier ensemble de couches isolantes (1) et très isolantes (2) et côté métal, un deuxième ensemble de une ou plusieurs couches denses (5) non mouillables par le métal en fusion, caractérisé en ce que, entre les deux ensembles, il comporte au moins une couche réfractaire (3) isolante ou semi isolante armée par un moyen de renfort.
  • Le garnissage selon l'invention peut en outre comporter entre la couche armée et l'ensemble de couches denses, une couche très isolante.
  • L'invention concerne également un four isolé par un tel garnissage et éventuellement combiné avec l'action de thermo plongeurs.
However, such a lining has certain drawbacks or defects, namely:
  • insufficient strength and longevity due to cracking of dense layers.
  • Limited oven performance.
  • Heat loss.
  • The invention overcomes the drawbacks by a refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal, said lining having a face pressed inside the sheet metal wall of the furnace and a face in contact with the molten metal, lining of the type comprising, on the sheet side, a first set of insulating (1) and very insulating (2) layers and on the metal side, a second set of one or more dense layers (5) not wettable by molten metal, characterized in that, between the two assemblies, it comprises at least one insulating or semi-insulating refractory layer (3) reinforced by a reinforcing means.
  • The lining according to the invention may also comprise between the reinforced layer and the set of dense layers, a very insulating layer.
  • The invention also relates to an oven isolated by such a lining and possibly combined with the action of immersion heaters.

On comprendra mieux l'invention à l'aide de la description ci-après faite en référence aux figures annexées suivantes :

  • Figure 1 : croquis montrant en coupe transversale un garnissage de l'art antérieur.
  • Figure 2 : croquis montrant en coupe transversale un garnissage selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood using the description below made with reference to the following appended figures:
  • Figure 1: sketch showing in cross section a lining of the prior art.
  • Figure 2: sketch showing in cross section a packing according to the invention.

Afin de mieux comprendre l'efficacité d'un garnissage selon l'invention, ses performances sont comparées à celles d'un garnissage de l'art antérieur.In order to better understand the effectiveness of a packing according to the invention, its performances are compared to those of a lining of the prior art.

On se rapporte d'abord à la figure 1.We first refer to Figure 1.

Le garnissage de l'art antérieur cité en exemple comporte

  • Deux ou plusieurs couches isolantes (a) (b) successives dont la couche (a) est plaquée contre la tôle (t) extérieure du four
  • Une couche isolante (c) de sécurité.
  • Deux couches (d) (e) successives dont la dernière couche (e) au contact du métal liquide, est saine (non fissurée).
The lining of the prior art cited as an example comprises
  • Two or more successive insulating layers (a) (b), the layer (a) of which is pressed against the outer sheet (t) of the furnace
  • An insulating safety layer (c).
  • Two successive layers (d) (e), the last layer (e) in contact with the liquid metal, is healthy (not cracked).

Leurs caractéristiques sont indiquées à titre d'exemple dans le tableau suivant. Réf. Couche Qualité λ [W/m.K] Épaisseur[m] T [°C] a Isolante 0.08 0.030 63.82 b Très isolante 0.1 0.050 197.84 c Isolante 0.1 0.050 376.83 d Isolante 0.1 0.070 555.22 e Dense non mouillable par le métal et saine. 1.94 0.100 711.58 Épaisseur totale            0.300 [m] Their characteristics are shown by way of example in the following table. Ref. Layer Quality λ [ W / mK ] Thickness [ m ] T [° C ] at Insulating 0.08 0.030 63.82 b Very insulating 0.1 0.050 197.84 vs Insulating 0.1 0.050 376.83 d Insulating 0.1 0.070 555.22 e Dense not wettable by metal and sound. 1.94 0.100 711.58 Total thickness 0.300 [ m ]

On se rapporte à présent à la figure 2 correspondant à un exemple non limitatif de l'invention et qui comporte successivement

  • deux ou plusieurs couches isolantes (1) et très isolante (2) dont la couche (1) du côté de la tôle (6) extérieure du four (analogues aux couches (a) et (b) précédentes).
  • une couche armée (3) isolante ou semi-isolante dont le matériau isolant est renforcé par tout moyen de renfort par exemple choisi dans l'ensemble [treillis (métallique ou non métallique), fibres de renfort (métalliques ou non métalliques)]. Cette couche armée (3) supprime la couche isolante (c) du cas précédent. En effet, de façon surprenante, en plus de son rôle de renfort mécanique elle augmente l'isolation thermique et assure une fonction de sécurité garantissant la non mouillabilité du réfractaire par le métal en fusion. Son coefficient λ de conductibilité thermique pourra être choisi dans l'intervalle [0.35 2.5] avec une valeur préférentielle voisine de 1 par exemple comprise entre 1 et 1.1 W/m.K.
  • une couche très isolante (4) optionnelle remplaçant la couche isolante (d) du cas précédent.
  • une couche dense (5) non mouillable par le métal correspondant à la couche (e) du cas précédent.
We now refer to FIG. 2 corresponding to a nonlimiting example of the invention and which successively comprises
  • two or more insulating (1) and very insulating (2) layers including the layer (1) on the side of the sheet metal (6) outside the oven (similar to the previous layers (a) and (b)).
  • an insulating or semi-insulating reinforced layer (3), the insulating material of which is reinforced by any reinforcing means, for example chosen from the set [mesh (metallic or non-metallic), reinforcing fibers (metallic or non-metallic)]. This reinforced layer (3) removes the insulating layer (c) from the previous case. Indeed, surprisingly, in addition to its role of mechanical reinforcement, it increases the thermal insulation and provides a safety function guaranteeing the non-wettability of the refractory by the molten metal. Its coefficient λ of thermal conductivity can be chosen in the interval [0.35 2.5] with a preferential value close to 1 for example between 1 and 1.1 W / mK
  • an optional highly insulating layer (4) replacing the insulating layer (d) of the previous case.
  • a dense layer (5) not wettable by the metal corresponding to the layer (e) of the previous case.

Les caractéristiques des couches (1) à (5) sont reprises à titre d'exemple non limitatif dans le tableau suivant : Réf. couche (η) Qualité λ [W/m.K] Épaisseur [m] T η [°C] avec couche (5) saine. T η [°C] avec couche (5) fissurée. 1 lsolante 0.021 0.015 63.22 73.63 2 Très isolante 0.08 0.050 314.57 393.37 3 Armée et non mouillable 1.06 0.080 534 673.14 4 Très isolante 0.035 0.015 581.05 706.93 5 Dense et non mouillable 1.94 0.100 711.86 706.93 Épaisseur Totale            0.260 [m] The characteristics of layers (1) to (5) are given by way of nonlimiting example in the following table: Ref. layer ( η ) Quality λ [ W / mK ] Thickness [ m ] T η [° C] with healthy layer (5). T η [° C] with cracked layer (5). 1 lsolante 0.021 0.015 63.22 73.63 2 Very insulating 0.08 0.050 314.57 393.37 3 Army and not wettable 1.06 0.080 534 673.14 4 Very insulating 0.035 0.015 581.05 706.93 5 Dense and not wettable 1.94 0.100 711.86 706.93 Total thickness 0.260 [ m ]

Les températures sont des températures moyennes vérifiées expérimentalement.Temperatures are verified average temperatures experimentally.

Les deux dernières colonnes indiquent les températures des couches respectivement dans le cas où la couche dense est saine et dans le cas où elle est fissurée.The last two columns indicate the temperatures of the layers respectively in the case where the dense layer is healthy and in the case where it is cracked.

Dans le cas où cette couche dense (5) est fissurée, une température d'environ 70° à 75° de la couche 1 et de la tôle extérieure est acceptable et le four peut continuer à fonctionner sans nécessiter d'intervention.In the case where this dense layer (5) is cracked, a temperature about 70 ° to 75 ° of layer 1 and the outer sheet is acceptable and the oven can continue to operate without requiring intervention.

La couche armée (3) joue son rôle et peut tenir plus durablement sans perte énorme d'isolation et d'énergie.The reinforced layer (3) plays its role and can last longer without loss huge isolation and energy.

Un garnissage du type de l'invention permet de construire pour une épaisseur totale moindre ou égale des parois de fours très isolantes, tout en offrant une grande sécurité de fonctionnement, une durée de vie accrue, un gain d'énergie important. A packing of the type of the invention makes it possible to build for a lesser or equal total thickness of highly insulating oven walls, while providing high operational safety, longer service life, energy savings important.

L'économie d'énergie peut être encore augmentée en combinant l'action du garnissage selon l'invention avec l'emploi de thermoplongeurs immergés dans le métal liquide.The energy saving can be further increased by combining the action of the packing according to the invention with the use of immersion heaters immersed in the liquid metal.

Dans toute la description et les revendications, les qualificatifs «semi isolante » et « très isolantes » peuvent être attribués à des couches dont le coefficient de conductibilité thermique (λ) est :

  • environ [1 2.5] W/m.K pour une couche semi isolante.
  • environ [0.35 ] W/m.K pour une couche isolante.
  • environ ≤ 0.35 W/m.K pour une couche très isolante.
Throughout the description and the claims, the qualifiers "semi-insulating" and "very insulating" can be assigned to layers whose coefficient of thermal conductivity ( λ ) is:
  • around [1 2.5] W / mK for a semi-insulating layer.
  • around [0.35] W / mK for an insulating layer.
  • about ≤ 0.35 W / mK for a very insulating layer.

Claims (8)

Garnissage réfractaire pour des fours contenant du métal en fusion, le dit garnissage ayant une face plaquée à l'intérieur de la paroi en tôle du four et une face en contact avec le métal en fusion, garnissage du type comportant, côté tôle, un premier ensemble de couches isolantes (1) et très isolantes (2) et côté métal, un deuxième ensemble de une ou plusieurs couches denses (5) non mouillables par le métal en fusion, caractérisé en ce que, entre les deux ensembles, il comporte au moins une couche réfractaire (3) isolante ou semi isolante armée par un moyen de renfort.Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal, the said lining having a face pressed inside the sheet metal wall of the furnace and a face in contact with the molten metal, lining of the type comprising, on the sheet side, a first set of insulating (1) and very insulating (2) layers and on the metal side, a second set of one or more dense layers (5) not wettable by molten metal, characterized in that , between the two sets, it comprises at less an insulating or semi-insulating refractory layer (3) reinforced by a reinforcing means. Garnissage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le moyen de renfort est choisi dans l'ensemble (treillis, fibres de renfort).Filling according to claim 1 characterized in that the reinforcing means is chosen from the assembly (trellis, reinforcing fibers). Garnissage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre, entre la couche armée (3) et l'ensemble de couches denses, une couche très isolante (4).Filling according to one of claims 1 to 2 characterized in that it further comprises, between the reinforced layer (3) and the set of dense layers, a very insulating layer (4). Garnissage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que le coefficient λ de la couche armée (3) est compris dans l'intervalle [0.35 W/m.K 2,5 W/m.K].Packing according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the coefficient λ of the reinforced layer (3) is in the range [0.35 W / mK 2.5 W / mK]. Garnissage selon la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce que le coefficient λ est de préférence compris entre 1 et 1.1 W/m.K.Packing according to claim 4 characterized in that the coefficient λ is preferably between 1 and 1.1 W / mK Garnissage selon l'une des revendications 4 à 5 caractérisé en ce que le coefficient λ de la couche très isolante (4) est ≤ 0.35 W/m.K.Packing according to one of Claims 4 to 5, characterized in that the coefficient λ of the highly insulating layer (4) is ≤ 0.35 W / mK Four industriel pour la fusion du métal caractérisé en ce que sa paroi est isolée intérieurement par un revêtement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6.Industrial furnace for melting metal, characterized in that its wall is internally insulated by a coating according to one of claims 1 to 6. Four selon la des revendications 7 caractérisé en ce que le garnissage est combiné avec l'action de thermoplongeurs.Oven according to one of claims 7 characterized in that the lining is combined with the action of immersion heaters.
EP01470006A 2000-03-30 2001-03-15 Refractory lining for furnaces containing molten metal Expired - Lifetime EP1139049B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0004006A FR2807151B1 (en) 2000-03-30 2000-03-30 REFRACTORY LINING FOR FURNACES CONTAINING FUSED METAL
FR0004006 2000-03-30

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EP1139049A1 true EP1139049A1 (en) 2001-10-04
EP1139049B1 EP1139049B1 (en) 2004-12-22

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AT (1) ATE285556T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60107892D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2807151B1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3227431A (en) * 1961-11-22 1966-01-04 Nat Res Corp Crucible externally lined with filamentary carbon
US3345059A (en) * 1965-03-12 1967-10-03 United States Steel Corp Crucible for holding molten metal
FR1517349A (en) * 1967-03-31 1968-03-15 Morganite Crucible Ltd New refractory linings
FR2296485A1 (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-07-30 Daussan Jean Ladles for molten metal with refractory lining - contg layer with high thermal insulation which reduces heat losses
US5120029A (en) * 1988-02-19 1992-06-09 Durbin Robert J Linings for crucible furnaces and transfer vessels and method of applying same
DE4314125A1 (en) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-04 Kanthal Ab Hallstahammar Ceramic material reinforced by steel fibres for use at high temps. - with stage alloy contg. aluminium@ and chromium@, used as lining tiles and industrial furnace bricks

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3227431A (en) * 1961-11-22 1966-01-04 Nat Res Corp Crucible externally lined with filamentary carbon
US3345059A (en) * 1965-03-12 1967-10-03 United States Steel Corp Crucible for holding molten metal
FR1517349A (en) * 1967-03-31 1968-03-15 Morganite Crucible Ltd New refractory linings
FR2296485A1 (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-07-30 Daussan Jean Ladles for molten metal with refractory lining - contg layer with high thermal insulation which reduces heat losses
US5120029A (en) * 1988-02-19 1992-06-09 Durbin Robert J Linings for crucible furnaces and transfer vessels and method of applying same
DE4314125A1 (en) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-04 Kanthal Ab Hallstahammar Ceramic material reinforced by steel fibres for use at high temps. - with stage alloy contg. aluminium@ and chromium@, used as lining tiles and industrial furnace bricks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE285556T1 (en) 2005-01-15
FR2807151B1 (en) 2002-09-13
FR2807151A1 (en) 2001-10-05
EP1139049B1 (en) 2004-12-22
DE60107892D1 (en) 2005-01-27

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