EP1137502B1 - Device for pressing a side wall in an installation for continuous casting of metal strips between two drums against the planar surfaces of the drums - Google Patents

Device for pressing a side wall in an installation for continuous casting of metal strips between two drums against the planar surfaces of the drums Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1137502B1
EP1137502B1 EP99972950A EP99972950A EP1137502B1 EP 1137502 B1 EP1137502 B1 EP 1137502B1 EP 99972950 A EP99972950 A EP 99972950A EP 99972950 A EP99972950 A EP 99972950A EP 1137502 B1 EP1137502 B1 EP 1137502B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
side wall
plate
thrust member
thrust
horizontal direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99972950A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1137502A1 (en
Inventor
Yann Breviere
Dominique Themines
Jean-Michel Damasse
Pierre Delassus
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USINOR SA
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USINOR SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
    • B22D11/066—Side dams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces
    • B22D11/0682—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces by cooling the casting wheel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the continuous casting of metals. More specifically, it concerns installations for the casting of thin metal strips directly from liquid metal, of the type called "casting between cylinders".
  • These installations usually comprise two cylinders with axes horizontal, the cylindrical side surfaces of which are placed side by side at a distance minimum corresponding to the thickness of the strips that we want to obtain. They demarcate thus a casting space, which is closed laterally by two plates of material refractory, called “side faces", mounted on a rigid metal plate, and which applies against the flat ends of the cylinders.
  • the peripheral layers of cylinders are made of a material with high thermal conductivity (such as copper and its alloys), and are internally cooled vigorously.
  • Each of these side faces is held in position by means of a set generally comprising a plurality of members which press it against the cylinders with at least enough force to prevent liquid metal from getting out of casting space.
  • These organs are mounted on a frame, and have rigid rods fixed on the rear face of the plate on which the lateral face is fixed and which are mounted on thrust springs, or piloted cylinders, or a combination of rods springs and actuated cylinders.
  • These thrust members are, for example, three in number, distributed as follows. One exerts its action in the longitudinal median plane of the lateral face and in its lower part, at a level close to the neck, i.e. of the area where the cylinders are closest to each other.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a design of a device for maintaining and of application of the lateral faces against the walls of the cylinders allowing the organs to push to exert their action without it being disturbed by dilations differentials of the parts of the device exposed to a high temperature.
  • the invention relates to a device for applying a lateral face.
  • said means for connecting a first thrust member authorize a relative movement in translation of said thrust member and of the plate or of the lateral face both in a horizontal direction parallel to the plane of the plane faces cylinders and in a vertical direction parallel to the plane of the planar faces of the cylinders
  • said means for connecting a second thrust member authorize a relative movement in translation of said thrust member and of the plate or of the lateral face in a horizontal direction parallel to the plane of the plane faces of the cylinders, and in that said
  • the first pushing member exerts its action on the part bottom of the plate or of the lateral face, while the second and the third organ of thrust exert their actions on the upper part of the plate or the side face.
  • the invention consists in connecting the plate supporting the side face (or the side face itself if you do not use a plate to support it) to the three thrust members, leaving two of the three connections with possibilities of travel in a plane parallel to the plane of the planar faces of the cylinders against which the side face is applied, from a point kept fixed.
  • the turntable or the side face can expand freely without this expansion disturbing the actions of the thrust members, and good rigidity of the connections between the different parts of the side face and its support means.
  • the action of the lower cylinder is made independent of those of the two upper cylinders, and the actions two upper cylinders are made independent of each other.
  • the side face 1 of refractory material is fixed to a metal plate 2, and applied against the flat ends of the casting rolls (whose contours 3, 3 'are located by dotted lines) by the device which will be described later.
  • the representation of the side face 1 and the plate 2 is very schematic, their constitutions precise not having importance for the invention.
  • the rest of the description will be given with reference to an Oxyz coordinate system, in which the directions Ox and Oz are the directions respectively horizontal and vertical located in the plane defined by the planar faces of the cylinders or by the side face 1, and the direction Oy is the horizontal direction perpendicular to said plane, and therefore parallel to the axes of the cylinders.
  • the device for applying the side face 1 comprises a frame fixed 3.
  • This frame 3 is mounted on a mobile carriage not shown which allows the bring the cylinders as close as possible and away from them when the face is put in place lateral 1 before the start of casting and removal of lateral side 1 after the end of casting.
  • the frame 3 and the plate 2 are connected by means of three piloted jacks 4, 5, 6.
  • the first cylinder 4 exerts its action in the longitudinal median plane of the lateral face 1 and in its lower part, at a level close to that of the neck 7.
  • the second cylinder 5 and the third cylinder 6 exerts their actions in the upper part of the lateral face 1, in symmetrical points with respect to its longitudinal median plane, respectively (in the example shown) to the left and right of said plan.
  • These cylinders 4, 5, 6 are controlled, from known manner, by a device not shown comprising computer means which govern the movements of their respective movable rods, so as to bring them closer or further away from the cylinders, and the forces applied to these same rods.
  • the piloting of the cylinders 4, 5, 6 can, as is conventional, be carried out according to the intensity of the efforts received by said movable rods 8, 9, 10 during the application of the lateral face 1 against the cylinders, thanks to the information collected by sensors adapted to this function.
  • connection devices between the frame 3, the jacks 4, 5, 6 and plate 2 have constitutions which leave different degrees of freedom to the different organs involved.
  • the first jack 4 is connected to the frame 3 by means of a fixed rod 11.
  • connection point 14 can move freely in the space according to the directions Ox and Oz, in particular according to the dilations and deformations of the plate 2, without this interfering with the operation of the first jack 4.
  • the forces collected by the movable rod 8 will always be oriented along its axis longitudinal.
  • connection point 14 If the connection point 14 is moved, it will simply be necessary for the device for controlling the first jack 4 makes the movable rod 8 move forward or backward so as to control the position of the connection point 14 on the Oy axis. maintaining a constant value of the effort collected by the movable rod 8 makes it possible to obtain automatically this advancement or retreat without additional special conditions compared to known control devices.
  • the second jack 5 is connected to the frame 3 by means of a fixed rod 15. This is articulated on the frame 3 by means of a ball joint 16 which allows free rotation of the fixed rod 15 around its connection point on the frame 3 in all directions from space.
  • the end of the movable rod 9 is itself connected to a end of a rigid rod 17 by means of a ball joint 18.
  • the rigid rod 17 slides in a slide device 19 fixed to the frame 3. The function of this slide device 19 is to allow the rigid rod 17 only displacements in the direction Oy.
  • the other end of the rigid rod 17 is fixed to one end of another rigid rod 20 by through a ball joint 21.
  • the other end of this rigid rod 20 is inserted into a slide device 22 secured to the plate 2 and oriented horizontally along the direction Ox. Its function is to authorize a relative movement of the plate 2 and the rod rigid 20 in the direction Ox and only in this direction, in particular at the option of expansion and deformation of the plate 2.
  • the third cylinder 6 is connected to the frame 3 by means of a fixed rod 23.
  • This is articulated on the frame 3 by means of a ball joint 24 which allows free rotation of the fixed rod 23 around its connection point on the frame 3 in all directions from space.
  • the end of the movable rod 10 is itself connected to a end of a rigid rod 25 by means of a ball joint 26.
  • the rigid rod 25 slides in a slide device 27 fixed to the frame 3.
  • the function of this slide device 27 is to allow the rigid rod 25 only displacements in the direction Oy.
  • the other end of the rigid rod 25 is connected to the plate 2 via a ball joint 28. This allows free rotation of the rod 25 around its connection point on the plate 2, but prohibits any mode of displacement in translation relative to the plate 2.
  • this last connection point constitutes the only point on plate 2 which is constantly kept fixed in space.
  • all the others point of stage 2 can move freely in the Oxz plane, depending on the expansions of plate 2.
  • displacements and deformations of the side face 1-plate assembly 2 having a component according to Oy they are absorbed or compensated by displacements of the movable rods 8, 9, 10 of the jacks 4, 5, 6.
  • the invention finds its justification in the fact that the possibilities of displacement free in the various dimensions of space which are given at the different points of the plate 2 influence the behavior of the three cylinders 4, 5, 6 independently.
  • the lower cylinder 4 is not systematically influenced by variations in actions exerted by the upper cylinders 5, 6, and vice versa.
  • the upper cylinder left 5 is not systematically influenced by variations in the actions exercised by the upper right cylinder 6, in particular in the case of dilations according to Ox.
  • the configuration of the invention makes it possible to obtain an isostatism of the system formed by the face side 1 and its plate 2 on the one hand, and its application device on the other hand.
  • the ball joints 12, 16, 24 by which the jacks 4, 5, 6 are connected to frame 3 can be mounted not directly on said frame 3, but can be separated from him by spring devices which allow a retraction of the corresponding jack.
  • This additional possibility of absorbing variations in the positioning of the lateral face according to Oy introduces a certain flexibility into the functioning of the device application, in that it can react more quickly to sudden stresses due to for example to the infiltration of solidified metal between a cylinder and the side face 1.
  • the ball joints 16, 18, 24 and 26 which frame the upper cylinders 5, 6 are not in principle essential for an implementation of the invention. Indeed, due to the presence slide devices 19, 27, the stresses exerted on the movable rods 9, 10 cylinders 5, 6 are oriented only along Oy, as well as the stresses which are exerted on the fixed rods 15, 23 which connect the jacks 5, 6 to the frame 3. It would remain in the spirit of the invention to confuse the rods 9 and 17 on the one hand, and the rods 10 and 25 on the other part, as well as to remove the ball joints 16 and 24 by which the cylinders 5, 6 are connected to the frame 3, this connection then becoming completely rigid. However, the presence of ball joints 16, 18, 24 and 26 provides additional security by limiting the possibility of deterioration of the cylinders 5, 6 and making their operation more reliable, in the if the installation becomes slightly deformed under the effect of temperatures environment.
  • the piloted cylinders 4,5, 6 can also be replaced by devices with spring operating freely, without external servo or control.
  • the position according to Oy of the side face 1 can then be controlled by the operator only at using the positioning means of the frame 3.
  • the invention applies to the casting between cylinders of all types of bands metallic, for example steel, stainless steel and other ferrous alloys, or copper.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a device for pressing a side wall (1) of an installation for continuous casting of metal strips between two cooling drums with horizontal axes against the planar surfaces of the cylinders, comprising three thrust member connected to a mounting frame (3) maintained in a fixed position, exerting their action on the rear face of a plate (2) on the front face whereof is fixed the side wall (1) or on the rear face of the side wall (1), said action being oriented along a substantially horizontal direction (Oy) parallel to the axes of the drums and being exerted via means connecting each of said thrust members on said plate. Said connection means of a first thrust member enable a relative displacement in translation of said thrust A-4 member and of the plate (2) or of the side wall (1) being along a horizontal direction (Ox) a=parallel to the plane of the planar surfaces of the drums and along a vertical direction (Oz) parallel to the plane of the planar surfaces of the drums. Said connection means of a second thrust member enable a relative displacement in translation of said thrust member and of the plate (2) or of the side wall (1) along-a horizontal direction (Ox) parallel to the plane of the planar surfaces of the drums. Said connection means of a third thrust member do not enable any relative displacement in translation of said thrust member and the plate (2) or of the side wall (1).

Description

L'invention concerne la coulée continue des métaux. Plus précisément, elle concerne les installations de coulée de bandes métalliques minces directement à partir de métal liquide, du type appelé « coulées entre cylindres ».The invention relates to the continuous casting of metals. More specifically, it concerns installations for the casting of thin metal strips directly from liquid metal, of the type called "casting between cylinders".

Ces installations comportent, de manière habituelle, deux cylindres à axes horizontaux, dont les surfaces latérales cylindriques sont mises côte à côte à une distance minimale correspondant à l'épaisseur des bandes que l'on veut obtenir. Elles délimitent ainsi un espace de coulée, qui est obturé latéralement par deux plaques en matériau réfractaire, dites « faces latérales », montées sur une platine métallique rigide, et que l'on applique contre les extrémités planes des cylindres. Les couches périphériques des cylindres sont en un matériau à conductivité thermique élevée (tel que le cuivre et ses alliages), et sont refroidies intérieurement de manière énergique.These installations usually comprise two cylinders with axes horizontal, the cylindrical side surfaces of which are placed side by side at a distance minimum corresponding to the thickness of the strips that we want to obtain. They demarcate thus a casting space, which is closed laterally by two plates of material refractory, called "side faces", mounted on a rigid metal plate, and which applies against the flat ends of the cylinders. The peripheral layers of cylinders are made of a material with high thermal conductivity (such as copper and its alloys), and are internally cooled vigorously.

Chacune de ces faces latérales est maintenue en position au moyen d'un ensemble comportant généralement une pluralité d'organes qui la pressent contre les cylindres avec une force au moins suffisante pour empêcher que du métal liquide ne s'exfiltre hors de l'espace de coulée. Ces organes sont montés sur un bâti, et comportent des tiges rigides fixées sur la face arrière de la platine sur laquelle est fixée la face latérale et qui sont montées sur des ressorts de poussée, ou des vérins pilotés, ou une combinaison de tiges à ressorts et de vérins pilotés. Ces organes de poussée sont, par exemple, au nombre de trois, répartis de la manière suivante. L'un exerce son action dans le plan médian longitudinal de la face latérale et dans sa partie inférieure, à un niveau voisin du col, c'est à dire de la zone où les cylindres sont les plus proches l'un de l'autre. Les deux autres exercent leur action dans la partie supérieure de la face latérale, en des points symétriques par rapport à son plan médian longitudinal. On obtient ainsi une répartition des efforts de poussée sur la face latérale, de manière à ce qu'une pression suffisante pour éviter les exfiltrations de métal liquide hors de l'espace de coulée puisse être exercée sur l'ensemble des zones de contact entre la face latérale et les extrémités des cylindres. Cependant, cette pression ne doit pas être non plus trop élevée, sous peine de conduire à une usure rapide des parties de la face latérale qui frottent sur les cylindres, ce qui limiterait exagérément la durée de la coulée. Les documents JP-A-04 322 849 et EP-A1-0 698 433 sont représentatifs de cet état de la Technique. Les organes de poussée et leurs moyens de connexion au bâti et à la face latérale y sont tous identiques.Each of these side faces is held in position by means of a set generally comprising a plurality of members which press it against the cylinders with at least enough force to prevent liquid metal from getting out of casting space. These organs are mounted on a frame, and have rigid rods fixed on the rear face of the plate on which the lateral face is fixed and which are mounted on thrust springs, or piloted cylinders, or a combination of rods springs and actuated cylinders. These thrust members are, for example, three in number, distributed as follows. One exerts its action in the longitudinal median plane of the lateral face and in its lower part, at a level close to the neck, i.e. of the area where the cylinders are closest to each other. The other two exercise their action in the upper part of the lateral face, at points symmetrical with respect to its longitudinal median plane. This gives a distribution of the thrust forces on the face lateral, so that sufficient pressure to prevent metal exfiltration liquid outside the pouring space can be exerted on all contact areas between the side face and the ends of the cylinders. However, this pressure should not not be too high, on pain of leading to rapid wear of the parts of the face side which rub on the cylinders, which would limit the duration of the casting excessively. The documents JP-A-04 322 849 and EP-A1-0 698 433 are representative of this state of the art. The thrust members and their connection means the frame and the side face are all identical.

Du fait de la température élevée du métal liquide (de l'ordre de 1500 à 1550°C pour l'acier), les organes de support des faces latérales sont soumis à d'intenses sollicitations thermiques. Il est donc nécessaire de refroidir au moins la platine, au moyen d'une circulation interne d'eau, afin de limiter les déformations et dilatations des organes de support. Cependant, il n'est pas possible d'éliminer totalement les dilatations, et l'expérience montre que même des dilatations minimes peuvent perturber le fonctionnement des organes de poussée. C'est particulièrement le cas lorsque ces organes de poussée sont constitués par des vérins pilotés, qui ont une plus grande rigidité que les tiges à ressorts, et sont donc moins à même d'amortir des variations du positionnement des points de la face latérale sur lesquels ils exercent principalement leurs efforts. Ces dilatations que doivent encaisser les organes de poussée peuvent fausser les informations qu'ils reçoivent et les actions qu'ils transmettent à la face latérale, voire également contribuer à leur détérioration.Due to the high temperature of the liquid metal (around 1500 to 1550 ° C for steel), the supporting members of the lateral faces are subjected to intense thermal stresses. It is therefore necessary to cool at least the plate, by means an internal circulation of water, in order to limit deformations and dilations of the organs of support. However, it is not possible to completely eliminate dilations, and experience shows that even minimal dilations can disturb the functioning of the thrust members. This is particularly the case when these organs thrust consist of piloted cylinders, which have greater rigidity than the spring rods, and are therefore less able to absorb variations in the positioning of points of the lateral face on which they mainly exert their forces. These expansions that the thrust members must accept can distort the information that they receive and the actions that they transmit to the lateral face, or even also contribute to their deterioration.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer une conception d'un dispositif de maintien et d'application des faces latérales contre les parois des cylindres permettant aux organes de poussée d'exercer leur action sans que celle-ci soit perturbée par les dilatations différentielles des parties du dispositif exposées à une température élevée.The object of the invention is to propose a design of a device for maintaining and of application of the lateral faces against the walls of the cylinders allowing the organs to push to exert their action without it being disturbed by dilations differentials of the parts of the device exposed to a high temperature.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'application d'une face latérale d'installation de coulée continue de bandes métalliques entre deux cylindres refroidis à axes horizontaux mis en rotation contre les faces planes des cylindres, du type comportant trois organes de poussée reliés à un bâti maintenu dans une position fixe, exerçant leurs actions sur la face arrière d'une platine sur la face avant de laquelle est fixée la face latérale ou sur l'arrière de la face latérale, ladite action étant exercée par l'intermédiaire de moyens de connexion de chacun desdits organes de poussée sur ladite platine ou sur la face latérale, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de connexion d'un premier organe de poussée autorisent un déplacement relatif en translation dudit organe de poussée et de la platine ou de la face latérale à la fois selon une direction horizontale parallèle au plan des faces planes des cylindres et selon une direction verticale parallèle au plan des faces planes des cylindres, en-ce que lesdits moyens de connexion d'un deuxième organe de poussée autorisent un déplacement relatif en translation dudit organe de poussée et de la platine ou de la face latérale selon une direction horizontale parallèle au plan des faces planes des cylindres, et en ce que lesdits moyens de connexion du troisième organe de poussée n'autorisent aucun déplacement relatif en translation dudit organe de poussée et de la platine ou de la face latérale.To this end, the invention relates to a device for applying a lateral face. installation of continuous casting of metal strips between two cylinders cooled to horizontal axes rotated against the flat faces of the cylinders, of the type comprising three thrust members connected to a frame maintained in a fixed position, exercising their actions on the rear face of a plate on the front face of which the lateral face is fixed or on the back of the side face, said action being exerted by means for connecting each of said thrust members to said plate or to the lateral face, characterized in that said means for connecting a first thrust member authorize a relative movement in translation of said thrust member and of the plate or of the lateral face both in a horizontal direction parallel to the plane of the plane faces cylinders and in a vertical direction parallel to the plane of the planar faces of the cylinders, in that said means for connecting a second thrust member authorize a relative movement in translation of said thrust member and of the plate or of the lateral face in a horizontal direction parallel to the plane of the plane faces of the cylinders, and in that said means for connecting the third thrust member do not allow any relative movement in translation of said thrust member and of the platinum or side face.

Préférentiellement, le premier organe de poussée exerce son action sur la partie inférieure de la platine ou de la face latérale, alors que le deuxième et le troisième organe de poussée exercent leurs actions sur la partie supérieure de la platine ou de la face latérale.Preferably, the first pushing member exerts its action on the part bottom of the plate or of the lateral face, while the second and the third organ of thrust exert their actions on the upper part of the plate or the side face.

Comme on l'aura compris, l'invention consiste à connecter la platine supportant la face latérale (ou la face latérale elle-même si on n'utilise pas de platine pour la supporter) aux trois organes de poussée en laissant à deux des trois connexions des possibilités de débattement dans un plan parallèle au plan des faces planes des cylindres contre lesquels la face latérale est appliquée, à partir d'un point maintenu fixe. De cette façon, la platine ou la face latérale peut se dilater librement sans que cette dilatation ne vienne perturber les actions des organes de poussée, et on conserve une bonne rigidité des liaisons entre les différentes parties de la face latérale et de ses moyens de support. En particulier, l'action du vérin inférieur est rendue indépendante de celles des deux vérins supérieurs, et les actions des deux vérins supérieurs sont rendues indépendantes l'une de l'autre.As will be understood, the invention consists in connecting the plate supporting the side face (or the side face itself if you do not use a plate to support it) to the three thrust members, leaving two of the three connections with possibilities of travel in a plane parallel to the plane of the planar faces of the cylinders against which the side face is applied, from a point kept fixed. In this way, the turntable or the side face can expand freely without this expansion disturbing the actions of the thrust members, and good rigidity of the connections between the different parts of the side face and its support means. In particular, the action of the lower cylinder is made independent of those of the two upper cylinders, and the actions two upper cylinders are made independent of each other.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit, donnée en référence à la figure unique annexée, qui montre schématiquement, vu en perspective, un exemple de dispositif d'application de face latérale de coulée entre cylindres selon l'invention.The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given in reference to the single appended figure, which schematically shows, seen in perspective, a example of a device for applying the lateral face of casting between rolls according to the invention.

La face latérale 1 en matériau réfractaire est fixée sur une platine métallique 2, et appliquée contre les extrémités planes des cylindres de coulée (dont les contours 3, 3' sont situés par des lignes pointillées) par le dispositif qui va être décrit plus loin. La représentation de la face latérale 1 et de la platine 2 est très schématique, leurs constitutions précises n'ayant pas d'importance pour l'invention. La suite de la description sera donnée en référence à un repère Oxyz, dans lequel les directions Ox et Oz sont les directions respectivement horizontale et verticale situées dans le plan défini par les faces planes des cylindres ou par la face latérale 1, et la direction Oy est la direction horizontale perpendiculaire audit plan, et donc parallèle aux axes des cylindres.The side face 1 of refractory material is fixed to a metal plate 2, and applied against the flat ends of the casting rolls (whose contours 3, 3 'are located by dotted lines) by the device which will be described later. The representation of the side face 1 and the plate 2 is very schematic, their constitutions precise not having importance for the invention. The rest of the description will be given with reference to an Oxyz coordinate system, in which the directions Ox and Oz are the directions respectively horizontal and vertical located in the plane defined by the planar faces of the cylinders or by the side face 1, and the direction Oy is the horizontal direction perpendicular to said plane, and therefore parallel to the axes of the cylinders.

Le dispositif d'application de la face latérale 1 selon l'invention comporte un bâti fixe 3. Ce bâti 3 est monté sur un chariot mobile non représenté qui permet de le rapprocher et de l'éloigner à volonté des cylindres, lors de la mise en place de la face latérale 1 avant le début de la coulée et du retrait de la face latérale 1 après la fin de la coulée. Le bâti 3 et la platine 2 sont reliés par l'intermédiaire de trois vérins pilotés 4, 5, 6.The device for applying the side face 1 according to the invention comprises a frame fixed 3. This frame 3 is mounted on a mobile carriage not shown which allows the bring the cylinders as close as possible and away from them when the face is put in place lateral 1 before the start of casting and removal of lateral side 1 after the end of casting. The frame 3 and the plate 2 are connected by means of three piloted jacks 4, 5, 6.

Le premier vérin 4 exerce son action dans le plan médian longitudinal de la face latérale 1 et dans sa partie inférieure, à un niveau voisin de celui du col 7. Le deuxième vérin 5 et le troisième vérin 6 exercent leurs actions dans la partie supérieure de la face latérale 1, en des points symétriques par rapport à son plan médian longitudinal, respectivement (dans l'exemple représenté) à gauche et à droite dudit plan. Ces vérins 4, 5, 6 sont pilotés, de manière connue, par un dispositif non représenté comportant des moyens informatiques qui gouvernent les déplacements de leurs tiges mobiles respectives, de manière à les rapprocher ou à les éloigner des cylindres, et les efforts appliqués sur ces mêmes tiges. Le pilotage des vérins 4, 5, 6 peut, comme il est classique, être effectué en fonction de l'intensité des efforts encaissés par lesdites tiges mobiles 8, 9, 10 lors de l'application de la face latérale 1 contre les cylindres, grâce aux informations recueillies par des capteurs adaptés à cette fonction.The first cylinder 4 exerts its action in the longitudinal median plane of the lateral face 1 and in its lower part, at a level close to that of the neck 7. The second cylinder 5 and the third cylinder 6 exerts their actions in the upper part of the lateral face 1, in symmetrical points with respect to its longitudinal median plane, respectively (in the example shown) to the left and right of said plan. These cylinders 4, 5, 6 are controlled, from known manner, by a device not shown comprising computer means which govern the movements of their respective movable rods, so as to bring them closer or further away from the cylinders, and the forces applied to these same rods. The piloting of the cylinders 4, 5, 6 can, as is conventional, be carried out according to the intensity of the efforts received by said movable rods 8, 9, 10 during the application of the lateral face 1 against the cylinders, thanks to the information collected by sensors adapted to this function.

Selon l'invention, les dispositifs de connexion entre le bâti 3, les vérins 4, 5, 6 et la platine 2 ont des constitutions qui laissent des degrés de liberté divers aux différents organes mis en jeu.According to the invention, the connection devices between the frame 3, the jacks 4, 5, 6 and plate 2 have constitutions which leave different degrees of freedom to the different organs involved.

Le premier vérin 4 est connecté au bâti 3 par l'intermédiaire d'une tige fixe 11.The first jack 4 is connected to the frame 3 by means of a fixed rod 11.

Celle-ci est articulée sur le bâti 3 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule 12 qui autorise une libre rotation de la tige fixe 11 autour de son point de connexion sur le bâti 3 dans toutes les directions de l'espace. La tige mobile 8 du premier vérin 4 est connectée directement à la platine 2, et cette connexion s'effectue également au moyen d'une rotule 13 qui autorise une libre rotation de la tige mobile 8 autour de son point de connexion 14 à la platine 2 dans toutes les directions de l'espace. Les résultats de cette articulation de la liaison entre la platine 2 et le bâti 3 est que le point de connexion 14 peut se déplacer librement dans l'espace selon les directions Ox et Oz, notamment au gré des dilatations et déformations de la platine 2, sans que cela vienne perturber le fonctionnement du premier vérin 4. En particulier, les efforts encaissés par la tige mobile 8 seront toujours orientés selon son axe longitudinal. En cas de déplacement du point de connexion 14, il faudra simplement que le dispositif de pilotage du premier vérin 4 fasse avancer ou reculer la tige mobile 8 de manière à maítriser la position du point de connexion 14 sur l'axe Oy. La consigne de maintien à une valeur constante de l'effort encaissé par la tige mobile 8 permet d'obtenir automatiquement cet avancement ou ce recul sans conditions particulières supplémentaires par rapport aux dispositifs de pilotage connus.This is articulated on the frame 3 by means of a ball joint 12 which allows free rotation of the fixed rod 11 around its connection point on the frame 3 in all directions from space. The movable rod 8 of the first cylinder 4 is connected directly to the plate 2, and this connection is also made by means of a ball joint 13 which allows free rotation of the movable rod 8 around its connection point 14 to the plate 2 in all directions of space. The results of this link between the plate 2 and the frame 3 is that the connection point 14 can move freely in the space according to the directions Ox and Oz, in particular according to the dilations and deformations of the plate 2, without this interfering with the operation of the first jack 4. In particular, the forces collected by the movable rod 8 will always be oriented along its axis longitudinal. If the connection point 14 is moved, it will simply be necessary for the device for controlling the first jack 4 makes the movable rod 8 move forward or backward so as to control the position of the connection point 14 on the Oy axis. maintaining a constant value of the effort collected by the movable rod 8 makes it possible to obtain automatically this advancement or retreat without additional special conditions compared to known control devices.

Le deuxième vérin 5 est connecté au bâti 3 par l'intermédiaire d'une tige fixe 15. Celle-ci est articulée sur le bâti 3 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule 16 qui autorise une libre rotation de la tige fixe 15 autour de son point de connexion sur le bâti 3 dans toutes les directions de l'espace. L'extrémité de la tige mobile 9 est elle-même connectée à une extrémité d'une tige rigide 17 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule 18. La tige rigide 17 coulisse dans un dispositif à glissière 19 fixé au bâti 3. Ce dispositif à glissière 19 a pour fonction de n'autoriser à la tige rigide 17 que des déplacements selon la direction Oy. L'autre extrémité de la tige rigide 17 est fixée à un extrémité d'une autre tige rigide 20 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule 21. L'autre extrémité de cette tige rigide 20 est insérée dans un dispositif à glissière 22 solidaire de la platine 2 et orienté horizontalement selon la direction Ox. Sa fonction est d'autoriser un déplacement relatif de la platine 2 et de la tige rigide 20 selon la direction Ox et seulement selon cette direction, notamment au gré des dilatations et déformations de la platine 2.The second jack 5 is connected to the frame 3 by means of a fixed rod 15. This is articulated on the frame 3 by means of a ball joint 16 which allows free rotation of the fixed rod 15 around its connection point on the frame 3 in all directions from space. The end of the movable rod 9 is itself connected to a end of a rigid rod 17 by means of a ball joint 18. The rigid rod 17 slides in a slide device 19 fixed to the frame 3. The function of this slide device 19 is to allow the rigid rod 17 only displacements in the direction Oy. The other end of the rigid rod 17 is fixed to one end of another rigid rod 20 by through a ball joint 21. The other end of this rigid rod 20 is inserted into a slide device 22 secured to the plate 2 and oriented horizontally along the direction Ox. Its function is to authorize a relative movement of the plate 2 and the rod rigid 20 in the direction Ox and only in this direction, in particular at the option of expansion and deformation of the plate 2.

Le troisième vérin 6 est connecté au bâti 3 par l'intermédiaire d'une tige fixe 23.The third cylinder 6 is connected to the frame 3 by means of a fixed rod 23.

Celle-ci est articulée sur le bâti 3 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule 24 qui autorise une libre rotation de la tige fixe 23 autour de son point de connexion sur le bâti 3 dans toutes les directions de l'espace. L'extrémité de la tige mobile 10 est elle-même connectée à une extrémité d'une tige rigide 25 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule 26. La tige rigide 25 coulisse dans un dispositif à glissière 27 fixé au bâti 3. Ce dispositif à glissière 27 a pour fonction de n'autoriser à la tige rigide 25 que des déplacements selon la direction Oy. L'autre extrémité de la tige rigide 25 est connectée à la platine 2 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule 28. Celle-ci autorise une libre rotation de la tige 25 autour de son point de connexion sur la platine 2, mais lui interdit tout mode de déplacement en translation par rapport à la platine 2. En conséquence, pour une position donnée des tiges mobiles 8, 9, 10 des vérins 4, 5, 6, ce dernier point de connexion constitue le seul point de la platine 2 qui est constamment maintenu fixe dans l'espace. Compte tenu des possibilités dé déplacement qui leur sont offertes par les différentes rotules et glissières du dispositif de maintien, tous les autres point de la platine 2 peuvent librement se déplacer dans le plan Oxz, au gré des dilatations de la platine 2. Quant aux déplacements et déformations de l'ensemble face latérale 1-platine 2 ayant une composante selon Oy, ils sont absorbés ou compensés par des déplacements des tiges mobiles 8, 9, 10 des vérins 4, 5, 6.This is articulated on the frame 3 by means of a ball joint 24 which allows free rotation of the fixed rod 23 around its connection point on the frame 3 in all directions from space. The end of the movable rod 10 is itself connected to a end of a rigid rod 25 by means of a ball joint 26. The rigid rod 25 slides in a slide device 27 fixed to the frame 3. The function of this slide device 27 is to allow the rigid rod 25 only displacements in the direction Oy. The other end of the rigid rod 25 is connected to the plate 2 via a ball joint 28. This allows free rotation of the rod 25 around its connection point on the plate 2, but prohibits any mode of displacement in translation relative to the plate 2. Consequently, for a given position of the movable rods 8, 9, 10 of the jacks 4, 5, 6, this last connection point constitutes the only point on plate 2 which is constantly kept fixed in space. In view of the travel possibilities available to them offered by the different ball joints and slides of the holding device, all the others point of stage 2 can move freely in the Oxz plane, depending on the expansions of plate 2. As for displacements and deformations of the side face 1-plate assembly 2 having a component according to Oy, they are absorbed or compensated by displacements of the movable rods 8, 9, 10 of the jacks 4, 5, 6.

L'invention trouve sa justification dans le fait que les possibilités de déplacement libre dans les diverses dimensions de l'espace qui sont données aux différents points de la platine 2 influencent les comportements des trois vérins 4, 5, 6 de façon indépendante. Le vérin inférieur 4 n'est pas systématiquement influencé par les variations des actions exercées par les vérins supérieurs 5, 6, et réciproquement. De même le vérin supérieur gauche 5 n'est pas systématiquement influencé par les variations des actions exercées par le vérin supérieur droit 6, en particulier dans le cas des dilatations suivant Ox. La configuration de l'invention permet d'obtenir un isostatisme du système formé par la face latérale 1 et sa platine 2 d'une part, et son dispositif d'application d'autre part.The invention finds its justification in the fact that the possibilities of displacement free in the various dimensions of space which are given at the different points of the plate 2 influence the behavior of the three cylinders 4, 5, 6 independently. The lower cylinder 4 is not systematically influenced by variations in actions exerted by the upper cylinders 5, 6, and vice versa. Likewise the upper cylinder left 5 is not systematically influenced by variations in the actions exercised by the upper right cylinder 6, in particular in the case of dilations according to Ox. The configuration of the invention makes it possible to obtain an isostatism of the system formed by the face side 1 and its plate 2 on the one hand, and its application device on the other hand.

En variante, les rotules 12, 16, 24 par lesquelles les vérins 4, 5, 6 sont connectés au bâti 3 peuvent être montées non pas directement sur ledit bâti 3, mais être séparées de lui par des dispositifs à ressort qui autorisent un recul du vérin correspondant. Cette possibilité supplémentaire d'absorption des variations du positionnement de la face latérale selon Oy introduit une certaine souplesse dans le fonctionnement du dispositif d'application, en ce qu'il peut réagir plus rapidement à des sollicitations soudaines, dues par exemple à l'infiltration de métal solidifié entre un cylindre et la face latérale 1.As a variant, the ball joints 12, 16, 24 by which the jacks 4, 5, 6 are connected to frame 3 can be mounted not directly on said frame 3, but can be separated from him by spring devices which allow a retraction of the corresponding jack. This additional possibility of absorbing variations in the positioning of the lateral face according to Oy introduces a certain flexibility into the functioning of the device application, in that it can react more quickly to sudden stresses due to for example to the infiltration of solidified metal between a cylinder and the side face 1.

Les rotules 16, 18, 24 et 26 qui encadrent les vérins supérieurs 5, 6 ne sont pas en principe indispensables à une mise en oeuvre de l'invention. En effet, du fait de la présence des dispositifs à glissière 19, 27, les sollicitations qui s'exercent sur les tiges mobiles 9, 10 des vérins 5, 6 sont orientées uniquement selon Oy, de même que les sollicitations qui s'exercent sur les tiges fixes 15, 23 qui relient les vérins 5, 6 au bâti 3. Il demeurerait dans l'esprit de l'invention de confondre les tiges 9 et 17 d'une part, et les tiges 10 et 25 d'autre part, de même que de supprimer les rotules 16 et 24 par lesquelles les vérins 5, 6 sont connectées au bâti 3, cette connexion devenant alors tout à fait rigide. Cependant, la présence des rotules 16, 18, 24 et 26 apporte une sécurité supplémentaire en limitant la possibilité d'une détérioration des vérins 5, 6 et en fiabilisant leur fonctionnement, dans le cas où l'installation viendrait à se déformer légèrement sous l'effet des températures élevées de son environnement.The ball joints 16, 18, 24 and 26 which frame the upper cylinders 5, 6 are not in principle essential for an implementation of the invention. Indeed, due to the presence slide devices 19, 27, the stresses exerted on the movable rods 9, 10 cylinders 5, 6 are oriented only along Oy, as well as the stresses which are exerted on the fixed rods 15, 23 which connect the jacks 5, 6 to the frame 3. It would remain in the spirit of the invention to confuse the rods 9 and 17 on the one hand, and the rods 10 and 25 on the other part, as well as to remove the ball joints 16 and 24 by which the cylinders 5, 6 are connected to the frame 3, this connection then becoming completely rigid. However, the presence of ball joints 16, 18, 24 and 26 provides additional security by limiting the possibility of deterioration of the cylinders 5, 6 and making their operation more reliable, in the if the installation becomes slightly deformed under the effect of temperatures environment.

Les vérins pilotés 4,5, 6 peuvent également être remplacés par des dispositifs à ressort fonctionnant de manière libre, sans asservissement ou commande extérieurs. La position selon Oy de la face latérale 1 est alors maítrisable par l'opérateur uniquement à l'aide des moyens de positionnement du bâti 3.The piloted cylinders 4,5, 6 can also be replaced by devices with spring operating freely, without external servo or control. The position according to Oy of the side face 1 can then be controlled by the operator only at using the positioning means of the frame 3.

D'autres modifications peuvent être apportées à l'installation telle qu'elle a été décrite. En particulier, il serait envisageable de supprimer la platine 2 et de connecter les organes de poussée directement sur l'arrière de la face latérale 1, à condition que celle-ci ait une résistance mécanique et une rigidité à haute température suffisante pour cela. D'autre part, il est envisageable de placer les moyens de connexion du premier organe de pousée (ceux possédant des degrés de liberté selon Ox et Oz) non pas en bas de la face latérale 1 comme précédemment décrit et représenté, mais dans sa partie supérieure, donc en échangeant leur position avec celle de l'un au choix des moyens de connexion des deuxième et troisième organes de poussée. La configuration décrite et représentée est cependant préférable, car placer la connexion autorisant des déplacements selon Oz sur l'axe de symétrie de l'installation conduit à un fonctionnement plus satisfaisant du dispositif. D'autre part, cela procure une bonne ergonomie à l'installation, car lors du montage de la platine, il est aisé de commencer par la mettre en place sur les deux connexions fixes en hauteur alors qu'elles sont facilement et simultanément accessibles, puis de raccorder l'organe de poussée inférieur sur la platine, ainsi que d'exécuter l'opération inverse lors du démontage.Other modifications can be made to the installation as it was described. In particular, it would be possible to remove the plate 2 and connect the thrust members directly on the rear of the side face 1, provided that the latter has sufficient mechanical strength and rigidity at high temperature for this. On the other hand, it is conceivable to place the connection means of the first member of pushed (those with degrees of freedom according to Ox and Oz) not at the bottom of the face lateral 1 as previously described and shown, but in its upper part, therefore by exchanging their position with that of one of the means of connection of the second and third thrust members. The configuration described and represented is however preferable, because place the connection allowing displacements according to Oz on the axis of symmetry of the installation leads to a more satisfactory operation of the device. On the other hand, this provides good ergonomics for the installation, because during mounting the plate, it is easy to start by placing it on the two fixed connections in height while they are easily and simultaneously accessible, then to connect the lower thrust member to the plate, as well as to execute the reverse operation during disassembly.

L'invention s'applique à la coulée entre cylindres de tous types de bandes métalliques, par exemple en acier, en acier inoxydable et autres alliages ferreux, ou en cuivre.The invention applies to the casting between cylinders of all types of bands metallic, for example steel, stainless steel and other ferrous alloys, or copper.

Claims (9)

  1. Device for pressing a side wall (1) of an installation for continuous casting of metal strips between two cooled rolls of horizontal axis rotating against the planar surfaces of the rolls, of the type comprising three thrust members attached to a frame (3) held in a fixed position, exerting their effects on the rear surface of a plate (2) to whose front surface the side wall (1) is fixed, or on the back of the side wall (1) itself, said effect being oriented in a substantially horizontal direction (Oy) parallel to the axes of the rolls and being exerted via means for connecting each of said thrust members to said plate, characterised in that the means for connecting a first thrust member permit relative translational movement of said thrust member and of the plate (2) or the side wall (1) both in a horizontal direction (Ox) parallel to the plane of the planar surfaces of the rolls and in a vertical direction (Oz) parallel to the plane of the planar surfaces of the rolls, in that said means for connecting a second thrust member permit free relative translational movement of said thrust member and of the plate (2) or the side wall (1) in a horizontal direction (Ox) parallel to the plane of the planar surfaces of the rolls, and in that said means for connecting the third thrust member do not allow any relative translational movement of said thrust member and of the plate (2) or side wall (1).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that said connecting means for a first thrust member consist of a swivel joint (13) in which is inserted a movable rod (8) forming part of said first thrust member, which is also fixed to the frame (3) via a swivel joint (12).
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that said connecting means for a second thrust member consist of a slide device (22) integral with the plate (2) or the side wall (1) and oriented horizontally in said horizontal direction (Ox), a rigid rod (20) one end of which is inserted in said slide device (22) and the other end of which is connected by a swivel joint (21) to a rigid rod (17) forming part of said second thrust member or being connected thereto, said rigid rod (17) passing through a slide device (19) oriented in said horizontal direction (Oy) and allowing the rigid rod (17) to move only in said horizontal direction (Oy).
  4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that said means for connecting the third thrust member consist of a swivel joint (28) fixed to the plate (2) or the side wall (1) and a rigid rod (25) forming part of said third thrust member or being connected thereto, said rigid rod (25) passing through a slide device (27) oriented in said horizontal direction (Oy) and allowing the rigid rod (25) to move only in said horizontal direction (Oy).
  5. Device according to claims 3 and 4, characterised in that said second and third thrust members are connected to said rigid rods (17, 25) via swivel joints (18, 26).
  6. Device according to claims 3 and 4, characterised in that said second and third thrust members are connected to said frame (3) via swivel joints (12, 16).
  7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the first thrust member acts on the lower part of the plate (2) or of the side wall (1), whereas the second and third thrust members act on the upper part of the plate (2) or of the side wall (1).
  8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that said thrust members are controlled jacks (4, 5, 6).
  9. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that said jacks (4, 5, 6) are connected to said frame (3) via swivel joints and spring devices enabling the corresponding jack to be withdrawn.
EP99972950A 1998-12-03 1999-12-02 Device for pressing a side wall in an installation for continuous casting of metal strips between two drums against the planar surfaces of the drums Expired - Lifetime EP1137502B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9815262A FR2786716B1 (en) 1998-12-03 1998-12-03 DEVICE FOR APPLYING A SIDE SIDE FOR THE CONTINUOUS CASTING INSTALLATION OF METAL STRIPS BETWEEN TWO CYLINDERS AGAINST THE PLANAR FACES OF THE CYLINDERS
FR9815262 1998-12-03
PCT/FR1999/002990 WO2000032332A1 (en) 1998-12-03 1999-12-02 Device for pressing a side wall in an installation for continuous casting of metal strips between two drums against the planar surfaces of the drums

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EP1137502A1 EP1137502A1 (en) 2001-10-04
EP1137502B1 true EP1137502B1 (en) 2002-08-14

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US (1) US6497270B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1137502B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4380921B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100605464B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE222151T1 (en)
AU (1) AU772640B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9915874A (en)
DE (1) DE69902558T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1137502T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2180346T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2786716B1 (en)
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CH691574A5 (en) † 1999-09-24 2001-08-31 Main Man Inspiration Ag The strip casting machine for producing a metal strip.
AT412195B (en) * 2002-06-25 2004-11-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen METHOD FOR PRODUCING A METAL STRIP WITH A TWO-ROLLING CASTING DEVICE
US7556084B2 (en) * 2006-03-24 2009-07-07 Nucor Corporation Long wear side dams
DE102008010653B4 (en) * 2008-02-22 2019-04-04 Outokumpu Nirosta Gmbh Method and two-roll casting machine for producing cast from a molten metal strip
DE102008010689B4 (en) * 2008-02-22 2018-10-31 Outokumpu Nirosta Gmbh Two-roll casting machine for producing cast from a molten metal strip
DE102008010688B4 (en) * 2008-02-22 2019-03-28 Outokumpu Nirosta Gmbh Method and two-roll casting machine for producing cast from a molten metal strip
JP5837758B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2015-12-24 キャストリップ・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニー Twin roll casting apparatus and control method thereof
US10046384B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2018-08-14 Nucor Corporation Side dam with pocket

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JPS6483337A (en) * 1987-09-22 1989-03-29 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Twin roll type continuous casting machine
JPH0741376B2 (en) * 1990-06-11 1995-05-10 新日本製鐵株式会社 Thin strip continuous casting method
US5390726A (en) * 1991-03-15 1995-02-21 Nippon Steel Corporation Process for producing thin metallic strip by continuous casting
JPH0825000B2 (en) * 1991-04-22 1996-03-13 新日本製鐵株式会社 Twin-drum type thin plate continuous casting method
JPH0749140B2 (en) * 1992-02-17 1995-05-31 三菱重工業株式会社 Twin-drum type continuous casting machine
FR2721843B1 (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-08-30 Unisor Sacilor CONTINUOUS CASTING ARRANGEMENT BETWEEN CYLINDERS WITH APPLIED SIDE SHUTTER WALLS
FR2727337B1 (en) * 1994-11-30 1996-12-27 Usinor Sacilor SUPPORT DEVICE FOR A SIDE FACE OF A CONTINUOUS CASTING PLANT OF METAL BANDS BETWEEN CYLINDERS
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AUPP331598A0 (en) * 1998-05-04 1998-05-28 Bhp Steel (Jla) Pty Limited Strip casting

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KR100605464B1 (en) 2006-07-28
BR9915874A (en) 2001-09-11
DE69902558D1 (en) 2002-09-19
FR2786716A1 (en) 2000-06-09
DK1137502T3 (en) 2002-12-09
ATE222151T1 (en) 2002-08-15
US6497270B1 (en) 2002-12-24
FR2786716B1 (en) 2001-01-05
JP2002531268A (en) 2002-09-24
DE69902558T2 (en) 2003-01-09
KR20010080645A (en) 2001-08-22
JP4380921B2 (en) 2009-12-09
PT1137502E (en) 2002-11-29
EP1137502A1 (en) 2001-10-04
AU772640B2 (en) 2004-05-06
ES2180346T3 (en) 2003-02-01
AU1393700A (en) 2000-06-19
WO2000032332A1 (en) 2000-06-08

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