EP1135564B1 - Gerüst Panels - Google Patents

Gerüst Panels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1135564B1
EP1135564B1 EP99956172A EP99956172A EP1135564B1 EP 1135564 B1 EP1135564 B1 EP 1135564B1 EP 99956172 A EP99956172 A EP 99956172A EP 99956172 A EP99956172 A EP 99956172A EP 1135564 B1 EP1135564 B1 EP 1135564B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
board
boards
glass fibres
plastics material
scaffold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99956172A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1135564A1 (de
Inventor
James Leonard Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ischebeck Titan Ltd
Original Assignee
Ischebeck Titan Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ischebeck Titan Ltd filed Critical Ischebeck Titan Ltd
Publication of EP1135564A1 publication Critical patent/EP1135564A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1135564B1 publication Critical patent/EP1135564B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/22—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics reinforced

Definitions

  • This invention relates to scaffold boards.
  • Scaffold boards have traditionally been made of wood.
  • Conventional wooden boards used in the construction industry have a gross weight in the range of from about 17 to 30 kg. They are thus heavier than might be desired for handling by a single person and are themselves environmentally undesirable insofar as they represent use of only slowly renewable resources.
  • Cheaper and more rapidly renewable forms of timber are generally unsuitable for reasons, inter alia, of strength.
  • all wood boards are subject to degradation caused by entry of water. This leads to deterioration of mechanical character, warping and cracking.
  • Particular problems in the tropics are excessive warping because of elevated temperatures and that of attack by insects, for example termites. For this reason, timber boards utilised at outside locations tend only to have a useful life of from about six months to about 15 months.
  • a further problem with wood scaffolding boards is that timber has a roughish surface in which water can accumulate. This can prove a significant problem under icy conditions when the existence of ice will be difficult to identify and can lead to accidents. Even under normal conditions, the coefficient of friction of wood surfaces is somewhat low and can make scaffold boards slippery, especially when wet.
  • a common general problem at building sites is the theft, inter alia, of scaffold boards. The best that has been achieved hitherto with timber scaffold boards in countering their theft has been to apply a rough printing to the board by continuous rubber stamping or to paint the ends of the board using a characteristic colour combination. The first type of security measure may be difficult to observe and the second can be readily circumvented by a thief merely by sawing off the ends.
  • a hollow scaffold board having radiussed edges, the board being extruded from a thermoplastic plastics material which is compounded with glass fibres so that the element has a flexural modulus of 4000 MPa or above, the thermoplastic plastics material comprising from 30-90 wt% of thermoplastic polymer and 25-50 wt% of glass fibres, and the thermoplastic polymer comprising polyethylene, polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the flexural modulus is 5500 MPa or above.
  • EP0320745A1 discloses hollow structural components extruded from thermoplastic plastics material, but unlike the scaffold boards of the present invention the components of EP0320745A1 are formed with means for connecting the components together to form a modular building.
  • thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate are known from GB1391622.
  • the flexural modulus (elastic modulus) of a scaffold board embodying this invention can be calculated from the deflections. Rods made of the compositions and having a diameter of less than 35 mm are simply supported across a span greater than 340 mm. A sustained load of 31 kilograms is applied to the centre of the rods so that the "ultimate elastic modulus" is considered to be reached when deflection remains unchanged for five days under a constant temperature of 45 °C.
  • a scaffold board in accordance with the present invention has a ratio of flexural modulus (in Megapascals) to density (kg/m 3 ) of at least 2.5:1.
  • the ratio is at least 3:1, more preferably at least 4.2:1.
  • the density of a particular scaffold board can be easily determined and, using the equation above, the ratio can be easily calculated.
  • the ratio of flexural modulus to density will be 4.2:1.
  • Scaffold boards in accordance with the invention can have a stiffness which exceeds the deflection standards set out in European draft legislation EN12811, a creep which satisfies creep standards established by the European Health & Safety Executive over an ambient temperature range of -20 to 50°C, an impact resistance in excess of standards set by the European Health & Safety Executive and as measured at a temperature of -20°C and which has twice the impact strength of dry timber at 20 °C.
  • the element meets the specification for a timber scaffold board as described by BS2482:1971
  • Preferred amounts of the respective materials are 40-75 wt%, more preferably 50-65 wt%, of thermoplastic polymer, and 25-50 wt%, more preferably 30-45 wt%, of glass fibres.
  • polypropylene is better at resisting creep and is better able to resist lower temperatures, having an operating range generally of -20 + 45°C.
  • the polypropylene is preferably bi-axially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), which is a common material in packaging and has a low cost for recycling purposes, especially if contaminated with printing inks whose presence precludes most conventional processing techniques.
  • BOPP bi-axially oriented polypropylene
  • the glass fibres are preferably recycled glass fibres because of cost considerations and it is even possible to use glass fibre "fluff". It is preferred if the glass fibres have a length of greater than about 5mm, preferably in the range 8-12 mm, in order to provide the product with additional rigidity.
  • the composition may additionally comprise a coupling agent, to enhance bonding between polymer and elastic modulus increasing material and/or a nucleating agent, the latter ensuring a uniform compact microcrystalline structure, in relatively low amounts, such as 1 to 3, preferably 2 wt%, and from 0.1 to 2 wt%, preferably 0.5 wt%, respectively.
  • a coupling agent to enhance bonding between polymer and elastic modulus increasing material and/or a nucleating agent, the latter ensuring a uniform compact microcrystalline structure, in relatively low amounts, such as 1 to 3, preferably 2 wt%, and from 0.1 to 2 wt%, preferably 0.5 wt%, respectively.
  • Polymer materials employed in the production of scaffold boards embodying the invention may have incorporated therein in particular, fire retardants, UV stabilisers and friction increasers. In this way, there is readily obtained a material which is not easy to ignite according to BS476, part 12 and having a low surface spread of flame when tested to BS 476, part 7.
  • the materials utilised can be compounded so as to ensure low emission of toxic fumes in a fire, low emission of smoke in a fire and absence of molten droplets in a fire.
  • Such materials are preferably present in an outer layer on the board which may have a thickness of up to 1 mm, preferably 0.5 mm.
  • a preferred composition of the outer layer comprises up to 80 wt%, preferably about 52 wt%, of thermoplastic olefin (TPO) and up to 20 wt %, preferably 10 wt%, of low density polyethylene (LDPE) which provide anti-slip properties on for example scaffold boards.
  • TPO thermoplastic olefin
  • LDPE low density polyethylene
  • Such layers also protect the board from abrasion and scuffing and weaknesses that may be caused by scratching or impact.
  • the composition may have 25 wt% of a brominated organic compound such as decabromodiphenyl oxide and 12.5 wt% of SbO 3 as flame retardants.
  • a pigment may be added to 0.5 wt%, and a UV additive such as tinuvin to 0.5 wt%.
  • Scaffold boards embodying the present invention can readily be made by a continuous extrusion process and cut to length so as to be compatible with timber scaffold boards which generally are available in lengths of 3.9 metres, 3.0 metres and 2.4 metres, in each case ⁇ 20 mm and having a width of 225 mm ⁇ 2 mm and a thickness of 45.5 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • Boards embodying the invention are hollow, but to ensure that they satisfy the aforementioned physical parameters, they may be provided with internal walls extending longitudinally thereof.
  • a 3.9 metre long board which is to bridge a 1.5 metre span may have a weight of 18.3 kg compared with 24 kg for a wet timber board.
  • such a board may be made so as to have only a weight of only about 16.8 kg.
  • Boards embodying the invention will be free from hazardous metal plates as are generally used as end protection on wooden scaffold boards, as the boards have radiussed edges.
  • the ends of hollow scaffold boards can be closed off by tightly fitting injection moulded end caps knocked firmly into the open ends of the profile before it has fully cooled down after extrusion.
  • end caps can be manufactured from unbreakable and resilient plastic material and in a colour which may be indicative of the source of the plank. They can also be employed as water-tight connectors between formwork panels. Better security against theft can be achieved by providing a coloured bead co-extruded along the plank, or continuously embossing or hot foil stamping the name of the owner along the plank possibly on both major faces.
  • each owner may employ a characteristic colour or pattern.
  • an embossed tread pattern may be applied to the major faces of the plank.
  • an anti-slip surface texture it is possible for an anti-slip surface texture to be embossed or moulded into one or both opposite surfaces of the plank, the surface texture being designed to satisfy or exceed appropriate coefficient of friction standards.
  • Extrusion of mixes of materials to be utilised in the production of the planks or boards may take place using a high efficiency venting screw such as a Ventus screw. Additionally, one can utilise a rotary channel pump according to WO97/42019 for dosing into an extruder consistent quantities of particulate material such as recycled polymer material, in particular chopped film which may be printed film, ie. low grade material, but not liquid or powder. Such a dosing method avoids granulation of plastics material.
  • Dispensing of glass fibres and other solid material into matrix passing through the downstream portion of an extruder may be achieved using a flow pump according to EP-A-0467842 for transferring and compacting particulate solids.
  • the glass fibres are also preferably oriented in planes parallel to a load bearing surface thereof by passage through a known multi-layer grid producing multi-layering of glass fibres in the extrudate obtained. This ensures a maximum strength of product. It has also been found that the stiffness of the product is improved if the glass fibres are not of a uniform length.
  • Boards were manufactured from mixtures having the following compositions: - Boards a), b) and boards the same as board b) except for a wall thickness of 7 mm Masterbatch 5 wt% Biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) 65 wt% Glass fibre 30 wt% - Boards the same as board b) but intended to be supported at 1.5 m centres, and such boards with a wall thickness of 7 mm: Masterbatch 5 wt% BOPP 53 wt% Glass fibre 42 wt% - Boards the same as board f) except for a wall thickness of 6 mm, a length of 3.9 m and intended to be supported at 1.8 m centres; such boards with a wall thickness of 7 mm; board g); boards the same as board g) except for a wall thickness of 6 mm: Masterbatch 5 wt% BOPP 55 wt% Glass fibre 40 wt% - Board f) and boards the same as board f) except for a wall thickness of 6
  • the masterbatch comprises: Polypropylene 2.8 parts by wt Coupling agent (maleic anhydride) 2 parts by wt nucleating agent (MDBS) 0.2 part by wt
  • the amount of glass fibre in the composition is increased when increased stiffness is required, for example, when the boards are intended to be used across larger spans.
  • each of the above boards was co-extruded with an 0.5mm thick outer layer which comprises the following: Thermoplastic olefin (TPO) 51.5 wt% LDPE 10 wt% flame retardant (decabromodiphenyl Oxide) 25 wt% flame retardant (SbO 3 ) 12.5 wt% pigment 0.5 wt% UV additive 0.5 wt%
  • a board embodying the invention was tested to a new standard proposed under BS draft document EN12811 and HD1000. For this purpose, measurement was made of the deflection caused by a load of 1.5 KN applied to an area of 500 mm x 230 mm at the centre of the board, with the board supported between 1.5 metre centres: It is a requirement that deflection must not exceed 1% of the span (a maximum of 15 mm). Measurements were carried out daily after extrusion and cooling. The plank utilised is made of the plastic sample of the second plastics board utilised in the impact test.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Hohles Gerüstbrett mit abgerundeten Kanten, wobei das Brett aus einem thermoplastischen Plastikmaterial extrudiert ist, das derart mit Glasfasern vermischt ist, dass das Element einen Biegemodul von 4000 MPa oder mehr hat, wobei das Material des Bretts 30 - 90 Gewichtsprozente thermoplastisches Polymer und 25 - 50 Gewichtsprozente Glasfasern aufweist und das thermoplastische Polymer Polyethylen, Polypropylen oder Polyethylenterephthalat ist.
  2. Brett nach Anspruch 1, mit einem Biegemodul von 5500 MPa oder mehr.
  3. Brett nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem das Verhältnis des Biegemoduls (in Megapascal) zur Dichte (in kg/m3) mindestens 2,5 : 1 beträgt.
  4. Brett nach Anspruch 3, bei dem das genannte Verhältnis mindestens 4,2 : 1 beträgt.
  5. Brett nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das thermoplastische Plastikmaterial ein biaxial ausgerichtetes Polypropylen ist.
  6. Brett nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das thermoplastische Plastikmaterial ein recycletes Material ist.
  7. Brett nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Glasfasern eine Länge von mindestens 5 mm haben.
  8. Brett nach Anspruch 7, bei dem die Glasfasern eine Länge von 8 - 12 mm haben.
  9. Brett nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Glasfasern in parallel zu einer Lasttragefläche verlaufenden Ebenen ausgerichtet sind.
  10. Brett nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem mit dem thermoplastischen Plastikmaterial eine oder mehrere Substanzen vermischt sind, die aus feuerhemmenden Mitteln, UV-Stabilisatoren und Reibungsverstärkern gewählt sind.
  11. Brett nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das eine oder mehrere Substanzen, die aus feuerhemmenden Mitteln, UV-Stabilisatoren und Reibungsverstärkern gewählt sind, in einer äußeren Schicht aufweist, die eine Dicke von bis zu 1 mm hat.
  12. Brett nach Anspruch 11, bei dem die äußere Schicht aus thermoplastischem Plastikmaterial gebildet ist, das die genannten Substanz(en) enthält und mit dem Rest des das Element bildenden Materials koextrudiert ist.
  13. Brett nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das eine koextrudierte äußere Schicht mit Antirutscheigenschaft aufweist.
  14. Brett nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das vermischte thermoplastische Plastikmaterial ein Kopplungsmittel und/oder ein keimbildendes Mittel in Mengen von entsprechend 1-3 Gewichtsprozenten bzw. 0,1 - 2 Gewichtsprozenten enthält.
EP99956172A 1998-11-26 1999-11-19 Gerüst Panels Expired - Lifetime EP1135564B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9825958.3A GB9825958D0 (en) 1998-11-26 1998-11-26 Load-bearing structures
GB9825958 1998-11-26
PCT/GB1999/003880 WO2000031356A1 (en) 1998-11-26 1999-11-19 Load-bearing structures

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1135564A1 EP1135564A1 (de) 2001-09-26
EP1135564B1 true EP1135564B1 (de) 2006-08-09

Family

ID=10843122

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99956172A Expired - Lifetime EP1135564B1 (de) 1998-11-26 1999-11-19 Gerüst Panels

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1135564B1 (de)
AR (1) AR022111A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE335890T1 (de)
AU (1) AU747714B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2352368A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69932735D1 (de)
GB (1) GB9825958D0 (de)
TW (1) TW469319B (de)
WO (1) WO2000031356A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE366418T1 (de) 1996-04-25 2007-07-15 Bioarray Solutions Ltd Licht-regulierte, elektrokinetische zusammensetzung von partikeln an oberflächen
US9709559B2 (en) 2000-06-21 2017-07-18 Bioarray Solutions, Ltd. Multianalyte molecular analysis using application-specific random particle arrays
DE60117556T2 (de) 2000-06-21 2006-11-02 Bioarray Solutions Ltd. Multianalytische molekularanalyse durch verwendung anwendungsspezifischer zufallspartikelarrays
US7262063B2 (en) 2001-06-21 2007-08-28 Bio Array Solutions, Ltd. Directed assembly of functional heterostructures
US20040002073A1 (en) 2001-10-15 2004-01-01 Li Alice Xiang Multiplexed analysis of polymorphic loci by concurrent interrogation and enzyme-mediated detection
AU2003298655A1 (en) 2002-11-15 2004-06-15 Bioarray Solutions, Ltd. Analysis, secure access to, and transmission of array images
PT1664722E (pt) 2003-09-22 2011-12-28 Bioarray Solutions Ltd Polielectrólito imobilizado à superfície com grupos funcionais múltiplos capazes de se ligarem covalentemente às biomoléculas
US7563569B2 (en) 2003-10-28 2009-07-21 Michael Seul Optimization of gene expression analysis using immobilized capture probes
US7848889B2 (en) 2004-08-02 2010-12-07 Bioarray Solutions, Ltd. Automated analysis of multiplexed probe-target interaction patterns: pattern matching and allele identification
NL1034570C2 (nl) * 2007-10-23 2009-04-27 Inxtru Bv Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een eindloos, met vezel versterkt kunststofelement, alsmede een dergelijk element.
WO2010068971A1 (en) * 2008-12-18 2010-06-24 Dymon Pallets Pty Ltd Biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (pet) pallet
EP2812513A1 (de) * 2012-02-06 2014-12-17 Nordic Platform P/S Abdeckung für einen verteiler und verfahren zu deren anpassung

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1391622A (en) * 1969-06-23 1975-04-23 Tba Industrial Products Ltd Reinforcement of thermoplastic polymers
AU2656588A (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-15 B.F. Goodrich Company, The Modular buildinjg structure and prefabricated components therefor and related methods
CA2097226C (en) * 1993-05-28 2003-09-23 Vittorio Dezen Thermoplastic structural components and structures formed therefrom
US5783286A (en) * 1996-04-04 1998-07-21 Dinicola; James L. Hollow-core plastic structural lumber alternative

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW469319B (en) 2001-12-21
WO2000031356A1 (en) 2000-06-02
GB9825958D0 (en) 1999-01-20
DE69932735D1 (de) 2006-09-21
AR022111A1 (es) 2002-09-04
EP1135564A1 (de) 2001-09-26
CA2352368A1 (en) 2000-06-02
AU747714B2 (en) 2002-05-23
AU1282300A (en) 2000-06-13
ATE335890T1 (de) 2006-09-15

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