EP1132173A2 - Torque transmission tool - Google Patents

Abstract

Tool comprises a drive part (1) for introducing torque, a drive part (2) for reducing torque and connected to the drive part (1) so that it rotates and cannot be moved axially, and a coupling (9) limiting torque, whose inlet introducing torque is connected to the drive part (1) so that it does not rotate and whose outlet reducing torque is rigidly connected to the drive part (2) so that it does not rotate. The coupling is arranged so that it is not involved in the transfer of axial forces using the tool. Preferred Features: The coupling is not connected in an axial direction to the drive part (1) or (2). The coupling is held axially against the tool so that it moves.

Description

It is known that you can use screws in most applications must tighten with a certain torque that should not fall below or be exceeded. To Torque wrenches are known for this purpose, in which often the value at which turning is no longer possible is can be adjusted. Such limit the torque Tools are often called ratchets or the like educated. They have the disadvantage that a user who to avoid sliding on the tool in the longitudinal direction of the screw to be twisted, thereby the in the Tool built-in clutch affects it so it doesn't triggers more at the set value.

The invention has for its object a simple structure to create a torque limiting tool at which the set torque value is not changed.

To achieve this object, the invention proposes a tool with the features of claim 1. Further training of the Invention are the subject of the dependent claims, the Wording as well as the wording of the summary Reference is made to the content of the description.

The tool contains a drive part on which the to be applied Torque is initiated, as well as an output part from which the torque to be transmitted is taken off, whereby between these two parts the actual the torque limiting clutch is interposed. The clutch is connected to the drive parts in such a way that they have torque transmits that it does not in the axial direction Take up force from the drive part or the driven part can. This can be done by pressing the tool in the axial direction just no adjustment of the once set Trigger values occur.

This can be achieved in further training, for example be that the coupling in the axial direction neither with the Drive part is still connected to the driven part. she is connected to both parts only in the direction of rotation.

For example, the clutch can be arranged and be designed so that they are axial relative to the tool is slidably supported, with this slidability a short distance shift can act.

The tool can be designed such that the drive part has such a shape or configuration that it with a drive tool can be connected directly or via a polygon is. For example, it can take the form of a Have square, with which it is in an opening of a ratchet can be used and secured there. But it can also Be designed so that there is a square opening has, in which a square projection of a ratchet inserted can be. Of course it is also possible form the drive part such that a user with a wrench or a ring spanner on it can attack directly.

The driven part can be designed, for example, that it can be used as a nut, for example one has a twelve-sided standardized inner opening.

In a development of the invention it can be provided that the Drive part and the driven part each formed as a sleeve are in their common interior when the two Sleeves are assembled, the clutch is housed. Here the coupling is protected from external influences housed so that they both protect against soiling also against unintentional or intentional adjustment is protected.

In a development of the invention it can be provided that the Sleeves, at least one of the two sleeves, one of one Have a different internal cross-section that the External cross section of the input or output of the coupling is adjusted. This way, no further action can be taken the non-rotatable connection between the corresponding part of the Tool and the coupling are done.

The cross section can in particular be a Act cross-section in the form of a regular polygon, for example a hexagon, as is the case with screw heads and nuts is common.

In particular, can be provided in a development of the invention be that the cross-section of both sleeves is the same.

To adapt the tool to the different applications adapt can be provided according to the invention in training be that the torque value at which the clutch is no Transmits torque value, is adjustable.

In particular, it can be provided that the clutch has on both sides with a stop provided on the two clutch discs are slidably mounted be pressed against each other by at least one spring. The strength of the spring defines depending on the others Geometry of the clutch, the value at which the clutch triggers.

The adjustability of the release value of the clutch can can be realized, for example, in that the spring is exchanged. A stronger spring ensures you higher trigger value.

In a development of the invention it can be provided that the Press the two clutch discs against each other two springs or two sets of springs is realized by which each spring between the one stop and a clutch disc is arranged. This from the invention proposed symmetry leads to an improved and more precise clutch response.

To adjust the trigger value of the clutch can be in training also be provided that at least one of the two stops adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the pin is, especially in a fine gradation or stepless.

In a further development of the invention can be provided be that the position of the two clutch plates in Longitudinal direction of the pin without changing the release value the clutch is changeable. This allows the indented Coupling more precisely in its position to the positions of the two parts of the tool.

In a further development of the invention can be provided be that between the spring and the associated clutch disc and / or the associated stop a sliding washer is arranged. As soon as the clutch opens, one finds Rotation of the corresponding clutch disc in relation to the Pin and / or against the spring instead. To thereby occurring Reducing forces or damage can reduce this Sliding disc are provided.

In particular, it can be provided that one of the two Stops formed by a one-piece head of the pin while the other attack, which is the adjustable stop is formed by a nut which is screwed onto a thread of the pin. This Mother can twist the by more or less Change the preload of the clutch and thus the trigger value.

The clutch discs can advantageously be constructed in this way be that their mutually facing coupling surfaces a Have type sawtooth teeth, which means that they slide off allow two teeth together.

In particular, can be provided in a development of the invention be that the teeth of both clutch discs in radial direction from a radius that is larger than the opening of the clutch discs receiving the pin. So at the edge of the opening there is still one smooth area so that between the two clutch plates a ring can be inserted that is complete Intervention prevents the two coupling surfaces. On too in this way, the value at which the clutch turns opens, changes or sets.

In particular, it can be provided in a further development that the Outer circumference of the clutch discs that the torque introduction or acceptance serving entrance or exit of the Coupling forms.

It is also possible and is proposed by the invention that the coupling is designed as a sleeve in the interior the drive element and / or the output element of the Tool is arranged.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt durch ein Werkzeug nach der Erfindung;

Fig. 2

eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht eines ersten Teiles des Werkzeugs;

Fig. 3

eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht eines zweiten Teiles des Werkzeugs;

Fig. 4

die Seitenansicht der einen Kupplungsscheibe;

Fig. 5

die Seitenansicht der zweiten Kupplungsscheibe;

Fig. 6

die Stirnseitenansicht der Kupplungsscheibe von der Kupplungsfläche her;

Fig. 7

die Seitenansicht eines für die Verwirklichung der Kupplung verwendeten Zapfens;

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt durch eine Anschlagmutter;

Fig. 9

die Stirnansicht der Anschlagmutter der Figur 8. ;

Fig.10

eine der Figur 5 entsprechende Darstellung einer Kupplungsscheibe bei einer leicht geänderten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 11

eine der Figur 6 entsprechende Darstellung der Kupplungsscheibe der Figur 10.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention and from the drawing. Here show:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section through a tool according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a partially sectioned side view of a first part of the tool;

Fig. 3

a partially sectioned side view of a second part of the tool;

Fig. 4

the side view of a clutch disc;

Fig. 5

the side view of the second clutch disc;

Fig. 6

the front view of the clutch disc from the clutch surface;

Fig. 7

the side view of a pin used for the realization of the coupling;

Fig. 8

a section through a stop nut;

Fig. 9

the front view of the stop nut of Figure 8.;

Fig. 10

a representation corresponding to Figure 5 of a clutch disc in a slightly modified embodiment;

Fig. 11

6 shows a representation of the clutch disc of FIG. 10 corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 1 shows a section cut in its middle section Side view of a tool according to the invention. The Tool is designed to torque up to one transfer certain size. Then the transfer should of the torque are interrupted. The tool contains a drive part 1, which in some way with a drive tool can be connected, for example a wrench or ratchet. On the opposite The end of the tool is a similar one Output part 2 attached to the decrease in torque serves. For example, it can be a wrench act. The two parts are aligned axially and rotatably connected. In the example shown has the drive part 1 in the area of the driven part 2 facing end a small outer bead 3, the serves to limit the closing movement of a ring 4, the mounted on the cylindrical outside of the drive part 1 is. This ring is dimensioned so that it over the also grip the cylindrical outside of the driven part 2 can. There is a groove 5 in which a snap ring 6 sits. The ring 4 also has 7 in the region of its free end a groove on the inside. If the two parts with their free end faces meet, so the ring 4 pushed over the snap ring 6 until it is in both grooves engages and secures the tool in the axial direction. In In contrast, the two parts 1, 2 can continue circumferentially can be rotated, since the snap ring 6 no circumferentially Represents an obstacle.

Both the drive part 1 and the driven part 2 are in the Area of their mutually facing sides formed as sleeves, So contain an interior 8 that has a common Forms cavity. In this interior 8 there is a torque limiting clutch 9 housed in the following is described in more detail. It contains a pin 10 which exposed coaxially to the tool in the interior 8 is arranged. In the illustration in FIG. 1, it does lie with one end on an end wall 11 of the driven part 2 on, but the opposite one with a head 12 The end is at a distance from the corresponding end wall 13 on. The pin 12 can therefore in the axial direction in the Swimming interior.

Starting from its head 12, the pin 10 initially points a smooth surface section to which a threaded section 14 connects with an external thread 15. On the Shaft 10 is an arrangement with two clutch disks 16, 17, lined up, which can rotate freely around the shaft 10. The clutch disks face each other Surfaces, see Figure 6, a coupling toothing on is known. The two clutch disks 16, 17 are with the help of two plate spring assemblies in the example shown 18 pressed against each other. One plate spring assembly 18 is based on the underside of the head 12 of the pin 10 and acts on a clutch disc 16 away from this end of the cone. Between the plate spring assembly 18 and the clutch disc 16 a slide ring 19 is used.

The disc spring assembly is supported on the opposite side 18 on a stop nut 20 on the internal thread 15 of the threaded portion 14 is screwed on. To one To prevent rotation of the nut 20, this has a Cross hole through which a pin 21 is inserted is the at the same time through an axial slot 22 of the Pin 10 passes through. To prevent slipping out of the pin 21 contains the stop nut 20 one Snap ring 23.

The sleeve-like interior 8 of both parts 1, 2 is out of round formed and has a shape that the outer shape of the Clutch discs 16, 17 is the same, with some play is available. The transmission of a torque from that Drive part 1 to the driven part 2 happens so that the the drive part 1 forced rotation because of the non-circular Inner shape of the interior 8 on the clutch disc 16 is transmitted. Since the clutch disc 16 under spring pressure engages with the opposite clutch disc 17 stands, the second clutch disc 17 is also rotated. This transfers the rotation through its outer shape to the Stripping section 2.

Now, for example, when tightening a screw Resistance at output part 2 is greater, so a higher one Torque are transmitted. The higher torque leads because of the engagement of the inclined surfaces of the coupling surfaces that the clutch discs 16, 17 against the action of Disc spring assemblies 18 are separated from each other. This sets continues until the two clutch disks disengage reach. From this moment on the drive part turns 1 further, while the stripping part 2 stops because it is no longer powered. The tool transmits that Torque from the output part to the clutch, and from this on the stripping section. If a user clicks on that Drive part 1 presses, for example, output part 2 to secure against slipping off a mother, this has no influence on the operation of the torque clutch 9. No axial force can be exerted on tool 1 can be initiated directly.

As can also be seen from the section in FIG. 1, have the clutch discs 16, 17 on their each other facing coupling surfaces facing sides an axial Well 24 on which to receive the sliding washer 19 as also serve the plate spring assemblies 18.

Figure 2 shows a partially sectioned side view of the Drive part 1 of Figure 1. In Figure 1 is the drive part 1 shown on the right, while in Figure 2 in reverse Orientation is drawn. When the Tool or the clutch can output part and output part can also be interchanged because the torque clutch in works in both directions in the same way.

The drive part 1, see FIG. 2, has a first end 25 on, which serves to initiate the torque. In the illustrated For example, the end 25 contains a polygonal recess 26, into which a square can be inserted, for example Is part of a ratchet.

The one facing away from the first end 25 and assigned to the driven part 2 Part has a cylindrical outside, which for Leading the ring 4 is used. For a complete slide to prevent the ring, the bead 3 is provided, the one Shoulder 27 forms.

The polygonal recess 26 is from the interior 8 of the Drive part separated by a transverse wall 28 which the mentioned end face 13 forms. In the area between the End face 13 and the end facing the stripping section the interior 8 has the shape of a regular hexagon on. An edge 29 of the hexagon can be seen in FIG. 2. This hexagonal shape corresponds to the hexagonal outer shape the associated clutch disc 16. The hexagon shape is one of the possible shapes, like the outside of the clutch disc and the inside of the drive part 1 is formed can be. Of course, there are other forms possible, which cause the clutch disc to rotate.

The stripping section 2 shown in FIG. 3 is similar Set up like the drive part 1. At its the drive part opposite end, it contains an inner recess 30 in the form of a regular twelve-sided that drives a conventional hexagon screw or nut is formed. Here too, the recess 30 is through the interior 8 a transverse wall 31 separated, which forms the end face 11. The The interior also has the shape of a regular hexagon on what is represented by the one edge 32 to be seen is. Again, it also applies that other forms of Cross section through this part of the driven part 2 possible are. Otherwise, the cross sections of the two parts need the interior 8 not to be the same since the one clutch disc 16 only with one part, i.e. drive part or output part, cooperates while the other clutch disc 17 engages only with the other part stands.

Figures 4 and 5 show the two clutch plates 16, 17 in the same orientation as shown in Figure 1 are. The mutually facing coupling surfaces 33 have a kind of sawtooth shape, the sawtooths of course run along a radius, see also Figure 6, the the coupling surfaces 33 shows in front view. By both Clutch discs 16, 17 is the outer circumference in the form of a regular hexagons. As already mentioned, other forms can be used, particularly can also the outer shapes of both clutch discs from each other differ. Only the coupling surfaces facing each other 33 must be coordinated.

The clutch plates have an inner opening 34, the Inner diameter approximately the outer diameter of the pin 10 corresponds. The clutch discs must face the pin 10 be both rotatable and axially displaceable. The the parts of the coupling surfaces having inclined surfaces start at a radius slightly larger than that Radius of the inner opening 34. It is therefore around the edge a smooth area 35 is formed in the opening 34 that a narrow ring could be placed on. Such a ring could serve the clutch disks in their engaged Condition, see Figure 1, move apart a bit, to thereby, for example, the preload of the plate springs 18 to increase. This can also lead to a change in the trigger value serve the clutch.

Figure 7 shows the pin 10 of the coupling in the same Orientation as in Figure 1. The pin points in its smooth area a diameter of something is smaller than the diameter of the inner opening 34. Das Slot 22 is positioned so that it has the possible position covers the stop nut used to adjust the Trigger torque of the clutch is used.

Figures 8 and 9 show this stop nut, the 8 shows an angled section along line VIII-VIII in Figure 9 represents. The stop nut 20 has an internal thread 36, which corresponds to the external thread 15 of the pin 10. The stop nut can be stepless in principle be adjusted so that the release value of the clutch can be set very finely. To secure them against loosening, it has a length that runs along a diameter Cross bore 37 through which the already mentioned pin 21st can be put through. This pin will then also inserted through the elongated hole 22. With that the mother can in steps of half a thread pitch of thread 15 be secured. To prevent the pin 21 from slipping out prevent, a snap ring 23 is in a circumferential groove 38 inserted.

The stop nut 20 has two parallel key surfaces 39 on which you can attack with a tool.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show views of a clutch disc, which is easy compared to the previous embodiment has been changed. In Figure 10, the outer surface of the see polygonal approach. This outer surface 41 is from deviating from the flat shape slightly convex, whereby the figure represents this somewhat exaggerated. The crowning has the advantage that the inside of the sleeve Align existing coupling.

Similarly, the outer surface 41 is in the end view, see Figure 11, slightly convex.

Claims (22)

Torque transmission tool, with 1.1 a drive part (1) for introducing a torque, 1.2 a designed to decrease the torque output part (2), the 1.2.1 is rotatably and axially immovably connected to the drive part (1), as well as 1.3 a torque limiting clutch (9), 1.3.1 whose input for torque introduction with the drive part (1) and 1.3.2 whose torque output serves to be rotatably connected to the driven part (2) of the tool, wherein 1.4 the coupling is arranged such that it is not involved in the transmission of axial forces with the aid of the tool. Tool according to claim 1, wherein the coupling (9) in axial direction neither with the drive part (1) nor with the stripping section (2) is connected. Tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coupling (9) held axially displaceable relative to the tool is. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, which the drive part (1) is designed such that it with a drive tool directly or via a connecting element is connectable. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, which the driven part (2) is designed as a nut. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, which the drive part (1) and / or the driven part (2) is designed as a sleeve, in particular its composite Interior (8) housed the clutch (9) is. The tool of claim 6, wherein the sleeves are one of have a circle deviating inner cross section, the to the outer cross section of the entrance or exit of the Coupling (9) is adjusted. The tool of claim 7, wherein the cross section is Has the shape of a polygon. Tool according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the Internal cross section of both sleeves is the same. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, which the trigger value of the clutch (9) is adjustable. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, which the clutch (9) on both sides with a stop provided pin (10) on which two clutch discs (16, 17) are slidably supported by at least one spring (18) pressed against each other become. The tool of claim 11, wherein the trigger value of the Coupling (9) adjustable by changing the spring (18) is. Tool according to claim 11 or 12, in which two springs (18) can be used in such a way that each spring (18) between a stop and a clutch disc (16, 17) is arranged. Tool according to one of claims 11 to 13, wherein at least one stop in the longitudinal direction of the pin (10) is adjustable, in particular continuously or fine-tuned. Tool according to one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the Position of the clutch discs (16, 17) in the longitudinal direction of the pin (10) without changing the trigger value of the Coupling (9) is changeable. Tool according to one of claims 11 to 15, wherein between the spring (18) and the associated clutch disc (16, 17) and / or the associated stop one Sliding disc (19) is arranged. Tool according to one of claims 11 to 16, wherein one of the two stops is formed by a nut (20) is. Tool according to one of claims 11 to 17, wherein the mutually facing sides (33) of the clutch discs (16, 17) have a saw toothing. Tool according to one of claims 11 to 18, wherein the Toothing of the coupling surfaces in the radial direction of a radius that is larger than the radius of the the pin (10) receiving opening (34) of the clutch discs (16, 17). Tool according to one of claims 11 to 19, wherein the Outer circumference of the clutch discs (16, 17) that of the torque introduction or torque decrease Form the input or output of the clutch (9). Tool according to one of the preceding claims, which the clutch is designed as a sleeve in the Inside the drive part (1) and / or the driven part (2) the tool is arranged. Tool according to one of claims 8 to 21, wherein the Outer surfaces (41) of the entrance or exit of the Coupling (9) deviate from the flat shape, in particular spherical in cross-section and / or longitudinal section are.

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