EP1131539B1 - Electromagnetic actuator (actuating drive for a valve of an internal combustion engine) - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuator (actuating drive for a valve of an internal combustion engine) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1131539B1
EP1131539B1 EP99958033A EP99958033A EP1131539B1 EP 1131539 B1 EP1131539 B1 EP 1131539B1 EP 99958033 A EP99958033 A EP 99958033A EP 99958033 A EP99958033 A EP 99958033A EP 1131539 B1 EP1131539 B1 EP 1131539B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
force
valve
valve stem
electromagnetic actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP99958033A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1131539A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Leiber
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE19852605A external-priority patent/DE19852605A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19924793A external-priority patent/DE19924793A1/en
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Publication of EP1131539A1 publication Critical patent/EP1131539A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2105Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids comprising two or more coils
    • F01L2009/2109The armature being articulated perpendicularly to the coils axes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic drive with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an electromagnetic drive is known from DE 196 28 860A1 known.
  • the anchor As swivel Lever formed.
  • the center of the anchor is closer to Swivel axis as the other end of the lever, which on the Shank, or a connecting part with the shaft of the Valve rests and acts on this (Gear ratio i ⁇ 1).
  • the area of influence of the lever is within the effective range of the two on the Anchor acting electromagnets, which is why the shaft the Yoke of a magnet must prevail.
  • a valve spring acts in the closing direction of the valve on.
  • the opposing second spring acts on the Lever over one yoke of the other electromagnet penetrating plunger.
  • the invention is based on the object, the structure of the improve electromagnetic drive.
  • the Using a lever acting on the torsion spring for Generation of at least part of the valve in the Opening direction acting spring force facilitates the Structure of the drive also because the corresponding Coil spring omitted or at least made smaller can be.
  • the torsion spring can also be a part or generate the entire counter spring force. This is reduced very much the weight.
  • the torsion bar has the advantage over a helical spring, that no high longitudinal vibrations occur, the an additional burden.
  • the torsion bar or the torsion spring has a very high working frequency Natural frequency, which is not a significant additional Generates loads.
  • Transverse displacement At the large transmission forces of the valve train arises a large frictional force in the transverse direction leading to wear leads. At the same time, this lateral force acts on the Valve guide.
  • the core idea of this invention part thus includes the direct actuation of the valve stem or the Power transmission by the overlying lever arm and the use, e.g. a flexible valve stem, which the small remaining amount .DELTA.S of the Axialversatzes, which occurs as a result of the pivoting movement, at least partially on the deflection absorbs.
  • the lever is on the valve stem in such a way that the two parts against each other slide, but preferably can roll.
  • the axial displacement .DELTA.S by Pivoting movement of the lever is created by the evasion member added. Due to the rolling movement arises only low friction due to the rolling parts. Of the flexible valve stem resembles another part of the Axial offset from. The generated by the evasion member Transverse forces on the valve guide are thus relatively low.
  • the lever / valve stem has to be designed to float so to further reduce the lateral forces.
  • the contact area is floatingly mounted at the valve stem end, z. B. as a floating plate.
  • a total of it is advantageous to at least part of the valve stem made of a material with a low thermal expansion coefficient, e.g. Invar to make essential To avoid length changes of the valve.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the invention.
  • the lever 1 is pivotally mounted with a pivot axis 3 and with a lying in the pivot axis 3 torsion spring 4 is connected.
  • the lever 1 is located on a head 5 of a power transmission part 6, at 7 with a valve stem. 8 connected is.
  • a valve spring 9 acts via a valve disk 10 on the valve stem and holds without further Forces the valve in the closed position.
  • the Valve spring 9 alone or together with a spring force part the torsion spring 4 generate the upwardly acting spring force.
  • the counter spring force is here alone by the Torsion spring 4 generated.
  • the power transmission part 6 is formed flexible, so that z. B.
  • Fig. 2 differs from the Fig. 1 substantially only in that a rotation of the valve easily allows becomes.
  • the anchor lever 1 transmits the driving force on the head 5 of the valve stem, whose Upper part 8a is formed here flexible.
  • About one Plate 11 and an axial ball bearing 12 is the force the spring 9 transmitted to the valve plate 10.
  • the ball bearing 12 now allows both a rotation of the valve, as well as a lateral shift due to the Deflection of the valve stem 8a. This will be additional the resulting from the deflection of the valve spring Transverse forces reduced to the valve guide.
  • Fig. 3 the valve is passed through one on the valve stem 20 acting spring 21 in the direction of the closed position of Valve pressed and the lever 22 is located on the valve stem 20 on.
  • the points of contact between the two Divide 20 and 22 are rounded and leave a rolling movement approximately transversely to the axis of the shaft 20th to.
  • the shaft 20 is here divided into an outer tube 20a, on which the spring 21 acts directly and an inner shaft 20b, which in the upper area is relatively thin and so that it is flexible.
  • the force of the spring 21st is transferred to the inner shaft 20b.
  • the interior shaft 20b is in such contact with the lever 22, that the parts roll on each other during the pivoting movement. Nevertheless, there is a deflection of the valve stem. In the process, it can also be a small Sliding movement come.
  • the pivoting of the lever 22 occurring transverse offset is thus partially due to the Rolling motion, but sometimes by bending the Inner shaft balanced 20b.
  • the inner shaft 20b in particular the upper, flexible part z. B. from Invar to large Extensions of the shaft due to heat and thus increase To prevent the frictional forces at the point of contact.
  • the inner shaft is approximately in the middle of the valve with the outer tube 20a conclusively connected.
  • the end of the flexible valve stem 30 with a floating plate 33 provided to the caused by the lever 32 lateral forces on the shaft 30, if the rolling motion is not perfect can be designed.
  • the plate 33 is on the sliding underside with a low friction material Provided.
  • the outer centering spring 34 performs the Plate back to the middle position when in the back Closed position of the valve, where the armature from the magnet M1 is attracted, and thus the transfer force of the Levers is very small.
  • a double evasive link provided, namely the floating Plate with the centering spring and the flexible shaft. On he could be dispensed with
  • Fig. 5a shows a similar constellation as Fig. 3.
  • the spring 20 of Fig. 3 is replaced by a pair of coaxial spring pair 61a and 61b.
  • the points of attack on the valve plate 62a and 62b of the two springs 61a and 61b are offset by 180 ° from each other, as shown in FIG. 5b and this is also shown in Fig. 5c (in another constellation).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektromagnetischen Antrieb mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electromagnetic drive with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiger elektromagnetischer Antrieb ist aus der DE 196 28 860A1 bekannt. Dort ist der Anker als schwenkbarer Hebel ausgebildet. Das Zentrum des Ankers liegt näher zur Schwenkachse als das andere Ende des Hebels, das auf dem Schaft, bzw. einem Verbindungsteil mit dem Schaft des Ventils aufliegt und auf diesen einwirkt (Übersetzungsverhältnis i<1). Der Einwirkbereich des Hebels liegt innerhalb des Wirkbereichs der beiden auf den Anker einwirkenden Elektromagnete, weshalb der Schaft das Joch des einen Magneten durchsetzen muß. Auf das Ventil wirkt eine Ventilfeder in Schließrichtung des Ventils ein. Die entgegen gerichtete zweite Feder wirkt auf den Hebel über einen das Joch des andern Elektromagneten durchsetzenden Stößel ein.Such an electromagnetic drive is known from DE 196 28 860A1 known. There is the anchor as swivel Lever formed. The center of the anchor is closer to Swivel axis as the other end of the lever, which on the Shank, or a connecting part with the shaft of the Valve rests and acts on this (Gear ratio i <1). The area of influence of the lever is within the effective range of the two on the Anchor acting electromagnets, which is why the shaft the Yoke of a magnet must prevail. On the valve a valve spring acts in the closing direction of the valve on. The opposing second spring acts on the Lever over one yoke of the other electromagnet penetrating plunger.

Ein sehr ähnlich aufgebauter elektromagnetischer Antrieb ist aus der WO97/17S61 bekannt.A very similar constructed electromagnetic drive is known from WO97 / 17S61.

Aus der DE 24 40359 A1 ist eine Ventilbetätigung für Kolbenmaschinen bekannt, bei der der Schaft des Ventils in einem Kipphebel gelenkig gelagert ist und einen elastisch verformbaren Bereich aufweist. Hierdurch kann die vom Kipphebel beschriebene Kreisbahn ausgeglichen werden.From DE 24 40 359 A1 discloses a valve actuator for piston engines known in which the shaft of the valve in a rocker arm is articulated and an elastic having deformable region. This allows the from the Toggle described circular path can be compensated.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, den Aufbau des elektromagnetischen Antriebs zu verbessern.The invention is based on the object, the structure of the improve electromagnetic drive.

Die Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is solved by the features of claim 1.

Die Unteransprüche enthalten Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. Wesentlich bei der Erfindung ist, daß einmal der Krafteinwirkbereich des Hebels auf den Schaft, bzw. das Kraftübertragungsglied aus dem Wirkbereich des Elektromagneten heraus nach außen verlegt wird, so daß die die Magnete durchsetzenden Kanäle für den Schaft und für den Stößel für die Federkraftübertragung auf den Hebel entfallen können, was die Wirkung der Elektromagnete verbessert. Zusätzlich wird dadurch das Verhältnis i des Abstands des Zentrums des Elektromagneten von der Schwenkachse zu dem Abstand des Einwirkbereichs des Hebels auf den Ventilschaft weiter verkleinert, was den Wirkungsgrad der Elektromagnete in dieser Anordnung verbessert. Die Verwendung einer am Hebel angreifenden Torsionsfeder zur Erzeugung wenigstens eines Teils der auf das Ventil in Öffnungsrichtung wirkenden Federkraft, erleichtert den Aufbau des Antriebs ebenfalls, weil die entsprechende Schraubenfeder entfallen oder wenigstens kleiner ausgebildet werden kann. Die Torsionsfeder kann auch ein Teil oder die gesamte Gegenfederkraft erzeugen. Diese reduziert sehr wesentlich das Gewicht.The dependent claims contain developments of the invention. Essential in the invention is that once the Force acting region of the lever on the shaft, or the Force transmission member from the effective range of the electromagnet out to the outside, so that the magnets penetrating channels for the shaft and for the Tappets for the spring force transfer to the lever accounts which can improve the effect of the electromagnets. In addition, this makes the ratio i of the distance the center of the electromagnet from the pivot axis to the distance of the action area of the lever the valve stem further reduced, which reduces the efficiency the electromagnet improved in this arrangement. The Using a lever acting on the torsion spring for Generation of at least part of the valve in the Opening direction acting spring force facilitates the Structure of the drive also because the corresponding Coil spring omitted or at least made smaller can be. The torsion spring can also be a part or generate the entire counter spring force. This is reduced very much the weight.

Der Drehstab hat gegenüber einer Schraubenfeder den Vorteil, daß keine hohe Längsschwingungen auftreten, die zu einer zusätzlichen Belastung führen. Der Drehstab oder die Torsionsfeder hat eine zur Arbeitsfrequenz sehr hohe Eigenfrequenz, welche keine nennenswerten zusätzlichen Belastungen erzeugt. Beim vorgenannten Stand der Technik erfolgt durch die Schwenkbewegung des Hebels und die Kraftübertragung eine Gleitbewegung quer über den Schaft des Übertragungsgliedes entsprechend der vom Radius und Schwenkwinkel abhängigen Querbewegung, d.h. Querversatz. Bei den großen Übertragungskräften des Ventiltriebes entsteht eine große Reibkraft in Querrichtung die zu Verschleiß führt. Zugleich wirkt diese Querkraft auf die Ventilführung.The torsion bar has the advantage over a helical spring, that no high longitudinal vibrations occur, the an additional burden. The torsion bar or the torsion spring has a very high working frequency Natural frequency, which is not a significant additional Generates loads. In the aforementioned prior art done by the pivoting movement of the lever and the Power transmission a sliding movement across the shaft of the transmission element according to the radius and Pivoting angle dependent transverse movement, i. Transverse displacement. At the large transmission forces of the valve train arises a large frictional force in the transverse direction leading to wear leads. At the same time, this lateral force acts on the Valve guide.

Bei dem Vorschlag entsprechend den Ansprüchen wirkt der Übertragungshebel an seinem Ende außerhalb der Magnete auf einen Schaft eines Ausweichgliedes, das mit dem Ventil in Verbindung steht und auf dieses die Kraft überträgt. Durch diese Anordnung ist ein großer konstruktiver Spielraum für die Anordnung der Ventilfeder gegeben. Diese kann zur Minimierung der Bauhöhe, z. B. dicht an den Schwenkhebel heranreichen. Das Ausweichglied kann ein verbiegbares Schaftteil oder ein verbiegbares Kraftübertragungsteil sein. Die Ausweichmöglichkeit kann jedoch auch in einer nachgiebigen Verbindung des Schafts mit einem Kraftübertragungsteil liegen.In the proposal according to the claims acts of Transmission lever at its end outside the magnets on a shaft of an evasive link, with the valve communicates and transmits power to it. This arrangement is a great constructive Given scope for the arrangement of the valve spring. This can be used to minimize the height, z. B. close to the Reach the pivot lever. The evasion member can be bendable shaft part or a bendable power transmission part his. The alternative possibility, however, can also in a yielding connection of the stem with a Power transmission part lie.

Der Kerngedanke dieses Erfindungsteils beinhaltet somit die direkte Betätigung des Ventilschafts oder des Kraftübertragungsteils durch den aufliegenden Hebelarm und die Verwendung, z.B. eines biegsamen Ventilschafts, welcher den kleinen noch verbleibenden Betrag ΔS des Axialversatzes, der infolge der Schwenkbewegung auftritt, zumindest teilweise über die Durchbiegung aufnimmt.The core idea of this invention part thus includes the direct actuation of the valve stem or the Power transmission by the overlying lever arm and the use, e.g. a flexible valve stem, which the small remaining amount .DELTA.S of the Axialversatzes, which occurs as a result of the pivoting movement, at least partially on the deflection absorbs.

Diese Ventilübertragung außerhalb der Magnete kombiniert mit einer vorwiegend als Drehstab oder Torsionsfeder wirkenden Gegenfeder zur Ventilfeder bildet eine optimale Anordnung bei der die Ankerlage im Schwenkhebel zu kleinen Übersetzungsverhältnissen optimiert werden. Damit entsteht eine kleine Baueinheit mit nahezu verschleißfreier Kraftübertragung und mit geringer beweglicher Masse. Während die Ankermasse bei einem elektromechanischen Ventiltrieb mit einem üblichen Übersetzungsverhältnis von i = 1 : 1 etwa 50% der gesamten beweglichen Masse ausmacht, kann diese mit oben genannter Anordnung bei i = 0,5 auf 20% reduziert werden, da ja das Übersetzungsverhältnis quadratisch eingeht.This valve transmission combined outside the magnets with a predominantly acting as a torsion bar or torsion spring Counter spring to the valve spring forms an optimal Arrangement in which the anchor position in the pivot lever to small Translation ratios are optimized. In order to The result is a small unit with almost wear-free Power transmission and low moving mass. While the anchor mass in an electromechanical Valve gear with a usual gear ratio of i = 1: 1 makes up about 50% of the total mobile mass, can this with the above arrangement when i = 0.5 to 20% are reduced, since the gear ratio square.

Bei der Erfindung liegt also der Hebel auf dem Ventilschaft auf derart auf, daß die beiden Teile gegeneinander gleiten, vorzugsweise jedoch abrollen können. Hier wird bei der Schwenkbewegung der Axialversatz ΔS, der durch Schwenkbewegung des Hebels entsteht, von dem Ausweichglied aufgenommen. Durch die Abrollbewegung entsteht nur eine geringe Reibung durch die abrollenden Teile. Der biegsame Ventilschaft gleicht einen weiteren Teil des Axialversatzes aus. Die von dem Ausweichglied erzeugten Querkräfte auf die Ventilführung sind dadurch relativ gering.In the invention, therefore, the lever is on the valve stem in such a way that the two parts against each other slide, but preferably can roll. Here is during the pivoting movement of the axial displacement .DELTA.S, by Pivoting movement of the lever is created by the evasion member added. Due to the rolling movement arises only low friction due to the rolling parts. Of the flexible valve stem resembles another part of the Axial offset from. The generated by the evasion member Transverse forces on the valve guide are thus relatively low.

Es ist zur weiteren Verbesserung der oben diskutierten Lösung vorteilhaft, zumindest eine der Berührungsflächen Hebel/Ventilschaft zusätzlich schwimmend auszubilden, um so die Querkräfte weiter zu reduzieren. Vorzugsweise wird am Ventilschaftende die Berührungsfläche schwimmend gelagert, z. B. als schwimmend gelagerte Platte. Insgesamt ist es vorteilhaft, wenigstens einen Teil des Ventilschafts aus einem Material mit geringem Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten, z.B. Invar zu fertigen, um wesentliche Längenänderungen des Ventils zu vermeiden.It is for the further improvement of those discussed above Solution advantageous, at least one of the contact surfaces Additionally, the lever / valve stem has to be designed to float so to further reduce the lateral forces. Preferably the contact area is floatingly mounted at the valve stem end, z. B. as a floating plate. A total of it is advantageous to at least part of the valve stem made of a material with a low thermal expansion coefficient, e.g. Invar to make essential To avoid length changes of the valve.

Schließlich wird zur Querkräftereduzierung vorgeschlagen, die Ventilfeder durch ein Ventilfederpaar mit einer später erläuterten Ausgestaltung zu ersetzen.Finally, it is proposed to reduce the lateral forces the valve spring by a valve spring pair with a later to replace explained embodiment.

Anhand der Zeichnung werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung erläutert.Reference to the drawings, embodiments of the invention explained.

Es zeigen:

Fig.1
den Grundaufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Stelleinrichtung;
Fig.2
eine Ausführungsform mit Verdrehmöglichkeit des Ventils;
Fig.3 und 4
Ausführungsbeispiele mit Rollberührungen zwischen Hebel und Ventilschaft;
Fig. 5
ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit zwei Ventilfedern.
Show it:
Fig.1
the basic structure of a control device according to the invention;
Fig.2
an embodiment with possibility of twisting the valve;
3 and 4
Embodiments with rolling contacts between lever and valve stem;
Fig. 5
an embodiment with two valve springs.

Fig.1 zeigt den Grundaufbau der Erfindung. Es sind zwei Elektromagnete M1 und M2 vorgesehen, die auf einen in einem Hebel 1 integrierten Anker 2 einwirken. Der Hebel 1 ist schwenkbar mit einer Schwenkachse 3 gelagert und mit einer in der Schwenkachse 3 liegenden Drehfeder 4 verbunden. Der Hebel 1 liegt auf einem Kopf 5 eines Kraftübertragungsteils 6 auf, das bei 7 mit einem Ventilschaft 8 verbunden ist. Eine Ventilfeder 9 wirkt über einen Ventilteller 10 auf den Ventilschaft ein und hält ohne weiter Kräfte das Ventil in der Geschlossenstellung. Die Ventilfeder 9 allein oder zusammen mit einem Federkraftteil der Drehfeder 4 erzeugen die nach oben wirkende Federkraft. Die Gegenfederkraft wird hier alleine durch die Drehfeder 4 erzeugt. Das Kraftübertragungsteil 6 ist biegsam ausgebildet, so daß z. B. bei der Abwärtsbewegung des Hebels 1 der auf dem Kopf 5 aufliegende Bereich des Hebels 1 darauf abrollt. Hierbei wird durch die Krafteinwirkung während der Schwenkbewegung eine Verbiegung des Kraftübertragungsteils 6 aus der Ventilachse bewirkt. Die Querkräfte sind durch eine hohe Elastizität des Ausweichglieds gering.Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the invention. There are two Electromagnets M1 and M2 provided on one in one Lever 1 integrated anchor 2 act. The lever 1 is pivotally mounted with a pivot axis 3 and with a lying in the pivot axis 3 torsion spring 4 is connected. The lever 1 is located on a head 5 of a power transmission part 6, at 7 with a valve stem. 8 connected is. A valve spring 9 acts via a valve disk 10 on the valve stem and holds without further Forces the valve in the closed position. The Valve spring 9 alone or together with a spring force part the torsion spring 4 generate the upwardly acting spring force. The counter spring force is here alone by the Torsion spring 4 generated. The power transmission part 6 is formed flexible, so that z. B. in the downward movement of the lever 1 of resting on the head 5 area of the Levers 1 rolls on it. This is by the force during the pivoting movement, a bending of the Power transmission part 6 causes from the valve axis. The Transverse forces are due to a high elasticity of the evasive member low.

Die Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von der Fig. 1 im wesentlichen nur dadurch, daß eine Drehung des Ventils leicht ermöglicht wird. Der Ankerhebel 1 überträgt die Antriebskraft auf den Kopf 5 des Ventilschaftes, dessen oberer Teil 8a hier biegsam ausgebildet ist. Über einen Teller 11 und über ein Axialkugellager 12 wird die Kraft der Feder 9 auf den Ventilteller 10 übertragen. Das Kugellager 12 ermöglicht nun sowohl eine Drehung des Ventils, als auch eine seitliche Verschiebung infolge der Durchbiegung des Ventilschaftes 8a. Dadurch werden zusätzlich die bei der Durchbiegung der Ventilfeder entstehenden Querkräfte auf die Ventilführung reduziert.Fig. 2 differs from the Fig. 1 substantially only in that a rotation of the valve easily allows becomes. The anchor lever 1 transmits the driving force on the head 5 of the valve stem, whose Upper part 8a is formed here flexible. About one Plate 11 and an axial ball bearing 12 is the force the spring 9 transmitted to the valve plate 10. The ball bearing 12 now allows both a rotation of the valve, as well as a lateral shift due to the Deflection of the valve stem 8a. This will be additional the resulting from the deflection of the valve spring Transverse forces reduced to the valve guide.

In Fig. 3 wird das Ventil durch eine auf den Ventilschaft 20 wirkende Feder 21 in Richtung der Schließstellung des Ventils gedrückt und der Hebel 22 liegt auf dem Ventilschaft 20 auf. Die Berührungsstellen zwischen den beiden Teilen 20 und 22 sind abgerundet ausgebildet und lassen eine Abrollbewegung etwa quer zur Achse des Schafts 20 zu. Der Schaft 20 ist hier geteilt in ein Außenrohr 20a, auf das die Feder 21 direkt einwirkt und einen Innenschaft 20b, der in dem oberen Bereich relativ dünn und damit biegsam ausgebildet ist. Die Kraft der Feder 21 wird auf den Innenschaft 20b übertragen. Der Innenschaft 20b steht mit dem Hebel 22 in einer solchen Berührung, daß die Teile bei der Schwenkbewegung aufeinander abrollen. Trotzdem kommt es zu einer Verbiegung des Ventilschafts. Bei dem Vorgang kann es auch zu einer kleinen Gleitbewegung kommen. Der bei Schwenkung des Hebels 22 auftretende Querversatz wird somit teilweise durch die Rollbewegung, teilweise aber auch durch Verbiegung des Innenschafts 20b ausgeglichen.In Fig. 3, the valve is passed through one on the valve stem 20 acting spring 21 in the direction of the closed position of Valve pressed and the lever 22 is located on the valve stem 20 on. The points of contact between the two Divide 20 and 22 are rounded and leave a rolling movement approximately transversely to the axis of the shaft 20th to. The shaft 20 is here divided into an outer tube 20a, on which the spring 21 acts directly and an inner shaft 20b, which in the upper area is relatively thin and so that it is flexible. The force of the spring 21st is transferred to the inner shaft 20b. The interior shaft 20b is in such contact with the lever 22, that the parts roll on each other during the pivoting movement. Nevertheless, there is a deflection of the valve stem. In the process, it can also be a small Sliding movement come. The pivoting of the lever 22 occurring transverse offset is thus partially due to the Rolling motion, but sometimes by bending the Inner shaft balanced 20b.

Zusätzlich kann der Innenschaft 20b, insbesondere der obere, biegsame Teil z. B. aus Invar bestehen, um große Ausdehnungen des Schafts durch Wärme und damit Erhöhung der Reibungskräfte an der Berührungsstelle zu verhindern. Der Innenschaft ist ungefähr in Ventilmitte mit dem Außenrohr 20a schlüssig verbunden.In addition, the inner shaft 20b, in particular the upper, flexible part z. B. from Invar to large Extensions of the shaft due to heat and thus increase To prevent the frictional forces at the point of contact. The inner shaft is approximately in the middle of the valve with the outer tube 20a conclusively connected.

In Fig. 4 ist das Ende des biegsamen Ventilschafts 30 mit einer schwimmend gelagerten Platte 33 versehen, um die durch den Hebel 32 verursachten Querkräfte auf den Schaft 30 zu verringern, wenn die Abrollbewegung nicht vollkommen gestaltet werden kann. Die Platte 33 ist auf der gleitenden Unterseite mit einem Material geringer Reibung versehen. Die außen liegende Zentrierfeder 34 führt die Platte wieder in die Mittellage zurück, wenn in der Schließstellung des Ventils, bei der der Anker vom Magneten M1 angezogen ist, und damit die Übertragungskraft des Hebels sehr klein ist. Hier ist somit ein zweifaches Ausweichglied vorgesehen, nämlich die schwimmend gelagerte Platte mit der Zentrierfeder und der biegsame Schaft. Auf ihn könnte verzichtet werden In Fig. 4, the end of the flexible valve stem 30 with a floating plate 33 provided to the caused by the lever 32 lateral forces on the shaft 30, if the rolling motion is not perfect can be designed. The plate 33 is on the sliding underside with a low friction material Provided. The outer centering spring 34 performs the Plate back to the middle position when in the back Closed position of the valve, where the armature from the magnet M1 is attracted, and thus the transfer force of the Levers is very small. Here is thus a double evasive link provided, namely the floating Plate with the centering spring and the flexible shaft. On he could be dispensed with

Fig. 5a zeigt eine ähnliche Konstellation wie Fig. 3. Jedoch ist hier die Feder 20 der Fig. 3 durch ein koaxial zueinander liegendes Federpaar 61a und 61b ersetzt. Außerdem sind die Angriffspunkte am Ventilteller 62a und 62b der beiden Federn 61a und 61b um 180° gegeneinander versetzt, wie dies die Fig. 5b zeigt und dies auch in Fig. 5c (in anderer Konstellation) gezeigt ist. Die Federn sind so bemessen, daß am Ventilteller Kräftegleichgewicht herrscht, d. h. unter Berücksichtigung der Radien ra und rb der Federn und der Federkräfte FA und Fb muß gelten Fa x ra= Fb x rb Fig. 5a shows a similar constellation as Fig. 3. However, here the spring 20 of Fig. 3 is replaced by a pair of coaxial spring pair 61a and 61b. In addition, the points of attack on the valve plate 62a and 62b of the two springs 61a and 61b are offset by 180 ° from each other, as shown in FIG. 5b and this is also shown in Fig. 5c (in another constellation). The springs are dimensioned so that there is force balance on the valve disk, ie taking into account the radii r a and r b of the springs and the spring forces F A and F b must apply F a xr a = F b xr b

Dann treten am Schaft keine durch die Federkraft hervorgerufenen Querkräfte auf.Then occur on the shaft no caused by the spring force Transverse forces on.

Claims (8)

  1. Electromagnetic actuator having at least one electromagnet (M1, M2) which moves a lever (1) alternately to two different end positions, wherein said lever (1) is pivotably mounted at one end (pivot axis 3) and at its other end rests against the stem (8) of a valve of a combustion engine which is to be actuated or against a force-transmitting member (6) which is connected to the valve stem (8), and wherein two resiliently generated forces (4, 9) operating in opposite directions act on the lever (1) and, in the absence of any magnet energisation, set the lever (1) to an intermediate position, characterised in that only one part (2) of the lever (1) is designed as an armature, which part is positioned opposite the poles of the at least one electromagnet (M1, M2), in that the area in which the force from the lever (1) acts on the valve stem (8), or the force from the force-transmitting member (6) connected thereto so acts, is outside the area in which the at least one electromagnet (M1, M2) acts, in that the valve stem (8) and/or the force-transmitting member (6) connected thereto has a deflector member which takes up at least part of the displacement of the lever (1) which, due to the pivoting movement of the lever (1), occurs when force is transmitted from the lever (1) to the valve stem (8) or to the force-transmitting member (6), so taking it up in the valve stem (8) or the force-transmitting member (6) by deflecting a part of the stem (8) and/or of the force-transmitting member (6) connected thereto, and in that at least part of the resiliently generated force which acts in the direction in which the valve opens is exerted by a torsion rod (4) which acts on the lever (1) and is arranged on the pivot axis.
  2. Electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, characterised in that the deflector member is formed by at least one bending zone (6, 8a).
  3. Electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the deflector member is a part (33) which is mounted to float and is attached to the valve stem or force-transmitting member and which is displaced transversely to the axis of the valve by the movement of the lever and is returned by resiliently generated forces (34).
  4. Electromagnetic claim1 according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least part of the oppositely directed resiliently generated force is also exerted by the torsion rod (4).
  5. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the resiliently generated force from the valve spring (9) acts on the valve stem (8) via a ball bearing (12) which allows the valve stem (8) to turn.
  6. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the contacting parts on the lever (22) and the valve stem (20) or force-transmitting part (20b) are so arranged that a rolling movement takes place in the course of the pivoting movement (Fig.3).
  7. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least at least one of the contacting parts (32, 33), and in particular the end (33) of the valve stem, has a part which is mounted to float.
  8. Electromagnetic actuator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that at least part of the stem (8) of the valve is composed of a material which has a low coefficient of thermal expansion (e.g. Invar).
EP99958033A 1998-11-14 1999-11-12 Electromagnetic actuator (actuating drive for a valve of an internal combustion engine) Expired - Lifetime EP1131539B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19852605A DE19852605A1 (en) 1998-11-14 1998-11-14 Control drive for internal combustion engine valve has at least partly flexible valve shaft in direct contact with pivotable, reciprocally movable lever via pivot bearing
DE19852605 1998-11-14
DE19924793 1999-05-29
DE19924793A DE19924793A1 (en) 1999-05-29 1999-05-29 Electromagnetic triggering mechanism for controlling movement in an internal combustion engine's valve has a pivoted actuating lever bearing down on a valve stem directly or through a force-transmitting component
PCT/EP1999/008745 WO2000029722A1 (en) 1998-11-14 1999-11-12 Electromagnetic actuator (actuating drive for a valve of an internal combustion engine)

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1131539A1 EP1131539A1 (en) 2001-09-12
EP1131539B1 true EP1131539B1 (en) 2003-02-05

Family

ID=26050155

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99958033A Expired - Lifetime EP1131539B1 (en) 1998-11-14 1999-11-12 Electromagnetic actuator (actuating drive for a valve of an internal combustion engine)

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1131539B1 (en)
DE (1) DE59904249D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000029722A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004050013B4 (en) * 2003-10-14 2009-03-19 Visteon Global Technologies Inc., Van Buren Electromechanical valve release
CN1908386A (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-07 丰田自动车株式会社 Electromagnetically driven valve

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1471537A (en) * 1974-12-06 1977-04-27 Venard R Engine valve control
DE3616540A1 (en) * 1986-05-16 1987-11-19 Porsche Ag DEVICE FOR ACTUATING A GAS EXCHANGE VALVE OF A PISTON PISTON COMBUSTION ENGINE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000029722A1 (en) 2000-05-25
EP1131539A1 (en) 2001-09-12
DE59904249D1 (en) 2003-03-13

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