EP1130337A2 - Radiateur électrique - Google Patents

Radiateur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1130337A2
EP1130337A2 EP01103788A EP01103788A EP1130337A2 EP 1130337 A2 EP1130337 A2 EP 1130337A2 EP 01103788 A EP01103788 A EP 01103788A EP 01103788 A EP01103788 A EP 01103788A EP 1130337 A2 EP1130337 A2 EP 1130337A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiator
elements
heat emitting
dissipating
previous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01103788A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1130337A3 (fr
Inventor
Fabrizio Bardi
Paolo Colombo
Costanzo Gadini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eltek SpA
Original Assignee
Eltek SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eltek SpA filed Critical Eltek SpA
Publication of EP1130337A2 publication Critical patent/EP1130337A2/fr
Publication of EP1130337A3 publication Critical patent/EP1130337A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0435—Structures comprising heat spreading elements in the form of fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0441—Interfaces between the electrodes of a resistive heating element and the power supply means
    • F24H3/0447—Forms of the electrode terminals, e.g. tongues or clips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • F24H3/047—Multiple-piece frames assembled on their four or more edges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • F24H3/0476—Means for putting the electric heaters in the frame under strain, e.g. with springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872—PTC

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a radiator, in particular for the use on motor vehicles, comprising heat emitting elements heated by electric resistors with a positive temperature coefficient, usually known as PTC resistors.
  • Resistors as described above are known and utilized e.g. in the heating systems for motor-vehicle passenger compartments, wherein warm air is required nearly instantaneously to defrost a windshield or rear window, i.e. to remove their fogging.
  • heating systems for more conventional vehicles do not generally provide such a fast function, since they use as a heating medium the same fluid circulating in the internal combustion motor of the vehicle itself, i.e. they are able to generate the heat required for air heating only after a certain period of time following motor start up.
  • a satisfactory direct air heating in the passenger compartment of the vehicle may require a considerable long time.
  • thermostatic protection means should be provided, with a consequent more complex manufacture of the heating system and costs increase; in addition, it should be remembered that also the above thermostatic safety means may undergo a malfunction with consequent risks.
  • radiators using electric resistors with a positive temperature coefficient as heating elements have been suggested, which are generally known as PTC resistors ( Positive Temperature Coefficient ).
  • PTC resistors are well known and do not require a deeper description here; however, it is pointed out that such resistors usually have a body made from appropriate ceramic material with a relatively thin cylindrical or parallelepiped shape, whose larger flat surfaces have a superficial metallization appropriate for ensuring electric contact and thermal exchange.
  • PTC resistors When in a cold state, PTC resistors are featured by a low electric resistance, which increases on the contrary with their increasing temperature, so that the current flowing across a PTC resistor will gradually decrease as the temperature of the latter increases. Therefore, when the electric current is directed across a PTC resistor, the material forming it heats up increasing its own resistance; thus, the current flow through the resistor and consequently also its thermal power will be reduced. In general, when the thermal power of the resistor balances the amount of heat dissipated by it, temperature will stabilize and limit the resistor current at a predetermined level.
  • This document describes a radiator comprising a supporting frame, which consists of an upper cross member, a lower cross member, two side uprights and an intermediate metal cross member between the upper and lower cross members.
  • a plurality of elongated heat emitting elements are provided in the frame itself, extending parallel to each other in the plane established by the frame.
  • the heat emitting elements comprise each one two metal strips parallel to each other, as well as a plurality of PTC resistors located side by side between said two metal strips, whereby the opposite plane surfaces of the resistors are in contact with a respective metal strip and electrically and thermally connected; the resistors are maintained in their position between both metal stripes by means of appropriate plastic elements with through-holes, whose section is apt for receiving said resistors, also operating as isolators between said strips.
  • the metal strips are supported at their ends and electrically isolated from each other also by means of the above side uprights of the supporting frame, which are accordingly fitted with suitable electric connecting elements.
  • folded foils (substantially like an accordion) made from a good heat conducting material are provided, which extend across the lengthwise axis of the heat emitting elements; such foils abut on two adjacent heat emitting elements or on a heat emitting element and one of said cross members of the supporting frame.
  • the upper and lower cross members of the supporting frame incorporate spring elements, which press the metal strips, by means of the folded foils; as a result, it is also advantageous to assemble the metal strips in the side uprights enabling the first ones to perform a limited movement within the second ones, so that the folded foils are able to actually transmit the force released from the spring elements to the metal strips packing the PTC resistors.
  • EP-A-0 350 528 is to ensure a constant mechanical pressure between the above components, which is obtained by means of an appropriate configuration of the upper and lower cross members of the supporting frame, each one consisting of:
  • the action of the spring devices incorporated in the frame upper and lower cross members is released either downwards or upwards, respectively, so as to have the folded foils, metal strips and PTC resistors constantly pressed towards the frame intermediate cross member; to this purpose, as said above, the metal strips are allowed a certain degree of mobility with respect to the side uprights.
  • a first drawback is due to a certain manufacturing complexity of the radiator.
  • the frame upper and lower cross members have a composite structure comprising three distinctive elements to be assembled together, i.e. the inner metal stripe, the outer rigid bar and the spring device; moreover, also the side uprights need a special form for ensuring assembly and operation-of-the-cross-members so obtained.
  • both the spring devices incorporated in the upper and lower cross members of EP-A-0 350 528 exert a thrust towards the inside of the frame; this fact, besides not warranting an even pressure distribution between the heat emitting elements and dissipating foils, also requires at least an intermediate cross member opposing to a certain extent the air flow through the radiator.
  • an aim of the present invention is to provide an electric radiator comprising heat emitting elements heated by PTC resistors, which is easier to manufacture with respect to the existing solutions and employs simple and low-cost components.
  • a further aim of the present invention is to provide an electric radiator, wherein elastic means can be arranged, whose thrust can be more evenly distributed, in order to ensure an efficient contact between the heat emitting elements and relevant dissipating means.
  • a further aim of the present invention is to provide an electric radiator wherein the presence of elastic means has no negative results on the flowing air to be heated, and which does not require in particular intermediate cross members for a frame of the radiator itself.
  • a further aim of the present invention is to provide an electric radiator wherein the same elastic means are directly subject to the air flowing across the radiator, operating as heat dissipating elements and contributing to air heating.
  • a further aim of the present invention is to provide an electric radiator wherein the elastic means can be used as electric-conducting-elements, in order to simplify the supply system of the PTC resistors and reduce the number of electric terminals required to that purpose.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematicrepresentation of a radiator manufactured according to the teachings of the present invention, indicated as a whole with R.
  • such a radiator R comprises a supporting frame, indicated as a whole with 1, which consists of a lower cross member 1A, an upper cross member 1B and two side uprights 1C, which are connected to each other at their respective ends; in the non limiting example described herein, both cross members 1A-1B and uprights 1C are made each one as a sole piece of a thermally and electrically insulating material, such as PPS, or nylon, etc.; preferably, even if the components 1A, 1B and 1C may have material undercuts, they have appropriate ribs, not shown, in order to ensure a sufficiently stiff frame 1 and prevent its distortions; in this way, therefore, any risks is avoided of transmission of electric voltage, temperature and mechanical efforts to the structure or the duct within which the frame is coupled.
  • a supporting frame indicated as a whole with 1, which consists of a lower cross member 1A, an upper cross member 1B and two side uprights 1C, which are connected to each other at their respective ends; in the non limiting example described herein, both
  • a plurality of heat emitting elements 2 are arranged in the plane or space delimited by the supporting frame 1, which are coupled on their relevant ends to the uprights 1C, parallel to the cross members 1A and 1B,; in the case of Fig. 1, the heat emitting elements 2 are in number of six.
  • Reference 3 indicates an intermediate elastic device, extending parallel to the heat emitting elements 2; as it can be noticed, in the case of Fig. 1 the elastic device 3 extends between two substantially median points of the uprights 1C, so as to divide the inside of the frame 1 in two parts, for example being equal to each other, each one of them containing three heat emitting elements 2.
  • Reference 4 indicates some heat dissipating elements, which are arranged parallel and alternate to the heat emitting elements 2, and are coupled on their relevant ends to the uprights 1C.
  • the two dissipating elements 4 being distal from the center of the frame are in contact, on one side, with the cross members 1A or 1B, and on the other side with a respective heat emitting element 2; vice-versa, the two central dissipating elements 4 are in contact, on one side, with the elastic device 3, and on the other side, with a respective heat emitting element 2; each other dissipating element 4, on the contrary, is in contact with two heat emitting elements 2.
  • Reference 5 indicates some contacting elements or electric terminals, for example of the faston or clamp type, connected to one end of some dissipating elements 4; terminals 5 protrude out of the left upright 1C (with reference to Fig. 1) through appropriate passages defined in the latter.
  • Fig. 2 which partially uses the same reference numbers of Fig. 1, shows an exploded view of some components of the radiator of Fig. 1.
  • the end zone of the cross members 1A and 1B have portions 10, being of reduced section, on which engaging teeth 10A are provided; from these portions 10 projections 11 are departing, whose rectangular section is smaller with respect to the section of the portions 10.
  • the uprights 1C on the contrary, have openings 12 on their two end zones, wherein the projections 11 of the cross members 1A-1B are apt to be inserted; appendixes 13 depart from the surface of the uprights 1C directed towards the inside of the frame, in correspondence with the passage 12; said appendixes 13 has engaging openings 13A being apt for receiving the teeth 10A of the cross members 1A-1B, in order to obtain a safe hooking; in order to make this engagement easier, the appendixes 13 are able to flex.
  • Reference 2A indicates some known PTC resistors, which in the above example have substantially a flattened parallelepiped shape.
  • Reference 2B indicates a bar, made from electrically insulating material, such as a thermoplastic material, which is provided for retaining the PTC resistors 2A in position, in particular side by side and spaced from each other; to this purpose, through openings 2B1 are defined in the bar 2B, being of rectangular section and so dimensioned for housing the resistors 2A; the thickness of the bar 2B, in the portion defining the openings 2B1, is smaller than the thickness of the PTC resistors 2A, so as to avoid defective contacts between the latter and their respective dissipating elements 4; the bars 2B obviously operate also as electric insulators between the adjacent dissipating elements 4.
  • electrically insulating material such as a thermoplastic material
  • the ends 2B2 of the bar 2B are appropriately shaped for their insertion in the seats 14 of the uprights 1C; moreover, the bar 2B preferably has side edges 2B3, which are apt for warranting a correct positioning of the dissipating elements 4, as further explained in the following.
  • each heat emitting element 2 of Fig. 1 consists of several resistors 2A (namely, three) and a bar 2B of Fig. 2; obviously, each heat emitting element 2 might comprise the resistors 2A only, or other means for the purpose.
  • Reference 4A indicates a radiant element, consisting of a thin plate made from a good heat and electric conducting material, such as aluminium, which is folded on itself forming alternate angles on one and the other side, i.e. substantially folded in the form of an accordion or with a zigzag profile.
  • Reference 4B indicates some metal foils, such as aluminium, which form a means for containing the radiant elements 4A; preferably, foils 4B are thicker than the thin plates forming the radiant element 4A.
  • Each foil 4B is obtained by cutting and deforming one metal sheet, which in the above example delimits two specular parts 4B1, to be folded and/or fastened on each other for containing or packing a radiant element 4A.
  • the end portions of the parts 4B1 have two orthogonal bends, i.e. to form a step ending in an extension 4B2 appropriately shaped; as it can be noticed from the detail of Fig. 4, during the cutting operation a thickness and/or width reduction 4B3 is operated in correspondence with the joining point between the two parts 4B1 or between both extensions 4B2, so that both parts 4B1 may be easily folded on each other with the interposed radiant element 4A; following this folding operation, both extensions 4B2 of one part 4B1 will rest on the two extensions 4B2 of the other part 4B1.
  • each part 4B1 has at least a side edge, indicated with 4B4 in the detail of Fig. 4, the function of which is to make sure that the radiant element 4A maintains its correct. position.
  • each heat dissipating element 4 of Fig. 4 consists of a radiant element 4A and a foil 4B of Fig. 2.
  • reference 5 indicates the electric contacts previously mentioned, each one being manufactured as an individual element apt for its mechanical and electric coupling to one end of the foils 4B. From the detail of Fig. 5 it can be noticed, in particular, how the terminals 5 practically consist of a simple plate having an end being cut and folded, so as to define at least three alternate wings 5A, between which the end of a dissipating element 4 (obtained as mentioned above by overlapping two extensions 4B2 of the parts 4B1 that form each foil 4B) can be inserted by interference.
  • reference 3 indicates the above intermediate elastic device, which in the above example consists of a simple wavy foil made from an electric and thermal conducting material, and therefore being appropriate for operating also as a heat dissipating means; in order to avoid any through flows of unheated air through the radiator R, the profile of such a foil is rather low with many undulations, so as to favour its dissipating function.
  • the assembly of the radiator R according to the present invention is very simple and can be realized, with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, as follows.
  • the dissipating elements 4 are realized in the required number, i.e. eight; as said above, this is obtained by folding both parts 4B1 forming each foil 4B and arranging between them the radiant element 4A obtained by a zigzag alternate folding of the aluminium thin plate; as mentioned, an edge 4B4 is preventively obtained on each part 4B1 of the foil 4B to make sure a correct position of the radiant element 4A is maintained. Subsequently, the terminals 5 are applied as previously described to one end of several dissipating elements 4.
  • dissipating elements 4 then are stacked on the lower cross member 1A with three heat emitting elements 2 being interposed, each one consisting of a bar 2B and three resistors 2A; thus, two opposite plane surfaces of each PTC resistor are in contact with the foils 2B of two different dissipating elements 4.
  • the spring device 3 is placed on the fourth dissipating element 4 starting from the bottom, and four dissipating elements 4 are stacked on it, with three heat emitting elements 2 being interposed, the same as described above.
  • the right projections 11 of the cross members 1A-1B are inserted in the openings 12 of the upright 1C, and the relevant teeth 10A engage the relevant openings 13A of the extensions 13; it should be noticed, in this connection, that the teeth 10A are shaped for favouring an elastic stretching apart of the extensions 13 during the insertion, up to the complete engagement.
  • the left side upright 1C is inserted on the cross members 1A-1B; obviously, the terminals 5 assembled on the left ends of some dissipating elements 4 protrudes outside the frame 1 through the passages 15, ensuring a correct connection of the radiator to an appropriate power supply source.
  • the assembly of the radiator according to the present invention is performed through elementary operations and with the use of simple and cost-effective components.
  • the elastic device 3 ensures a constant elastic thrust on the two dissipating elements 4 it is in contact with, to the lower cross member 1A and the upper cross member 1B, respectively; this thrust will also be progressively transferred to all further components inside the frame 1 (i.e. heat emitting elements 2 and other dissipating elements 4).
  • the thrust generated by the elastic device 3 is directed towards the outside of the frame 1, instead of the inside, i.e. for pressing the dissipating elements 4 with the interposed heat emitting elements 2 towards the lower cross member 1A and upper cross member 1B.
  • a certain vertical translation within the passages 15 or seats 14 of the uprights 1C is preferably allowed to the dissipating elements 4, and possibly also to the heat emitting elements 2.
  • this is not strictly required, since both the thickness and material of the foils 4B and bars 2B are such to allow their flexure under the thrust generated by the elastic device 3.
  • the spring device 3 though arranged in an intermediate zone, does not practically exert any opposition to the air flowing through the radiator R, but it contributes to dissipate heat in such an air.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the electric configuration of the radiator of Fig. 1.
  • the radiator according to the present invention is equipped with seven electric terminals 5, through which the radiator R is fed with a supply voltage, with the polarities (+ and -) being alternate at two adjacent terminals; the seven terminals 5 are connected to as many heat dissipating elements 4, whose surfaces abutted on the PTC resistors act as power conduction means; however, with reference to the two heat dissipating elements 4 in contact with the elastic device 3, it should be noticed that only one of them has a terminal 5: this in view of the fact that the elastic device 3 obviously operates as an electric conductor, by short-circuiting the two dissipating elements 4 on which it operates directly by thrust.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a radiator R manufactured according to a possible variant embodiment of the present invention, where two elastic devices 3 are provided.
  • the inside of the frame 1 is split by the elastic devices 3 in three different housing zones for the heat emitting elements 2 and dissipating elements 4; namely:
  • the number of heat emitting elements 2 provided is, as in the case of Fig. 1, [(nd - ne) - 1], where "nd” is the number of dissipating elements 4 and "ne” the number of elastic devices 3.
  • the manufacturing system of the radiator represented in Fig. 7 is in fact very similar to the one of the radiator shown in Fig. 1; what changes, apart a different number of elastic devices 3 (two instead of one), heat emitting elements (four instead of six) and dissipating elements (seven instead of eight), is the way the side uprights 1C are assembled with reference to the number and position of the seats 14 and passages 15.
  • radiator according to the present invention represented in Fig. 7 compared to the prior art represented by EP-A-0 350 528 ensures with an equal number of elastic devices 3 a more regular and efficient thrust distribution.
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically the electric configuration of the radiator of Fig. 7, which is substantially similar to the radiator of Fig. 1, in particular for the function of the elastic devices 3 as electric conductors, by short-circuiting the pairs of dissipating elements 4 on which they operate.
  • the polarity of the supply voltage to the set of terminals 5 is staggered.
  • Fig. 9 represent, through respective plan views and side views, some variant embodiments of the elastic device 3 shown in the previous figures, which are manufactured starting from a metal strap, wherein elastic foils are delimited through a precutting and folding operation.
  • two sets of elastic foils 21A1 e 21A2 are provided, in positions substantially parallel and staggered between them, each one of them departing from the plane delimited by the strap 20B in one sole direction, i.e. downwards, with reference to the figure.
  • two sets of elastic foils 21B1 and 21B2 are provided, in positions being substantially parallel and aligned to each other, but departing from the plane delimited by the strap 20B in both directions, i.e. downwards and upwards; as it will be noticed, in this instance the foils 21B1 and 21B2 of both sets are either directed or inclined to opposite directions.
  • part D of Fig. 9 four sets of elastic foils 21D1, 21D2, 21D3 and 21D4 are provided, in positions substantially parallel, which depart from the plane delimited by the strap 20D in both directions; as it can be noticed, the foils 21D1 and 21D3 of the sets directed upwards face each other; the same applies to the foils 21D2 and 21D4 of the sets directed downwards.
  • part E of Fig. 9 the case of part E of Fig.
  • the free ends of the various elastic foils have a certain curving degree; however, they may be clearly plane or have a different shape and/or distribution and/or thickness, so as to favour the electric contact with the radiator dissipating elements 4, for improving the thermal exchange and for obtaining optimal forces distribution.
  • the radiator according to the present invention may advantageously be provided with one or more contacting means or bridges, each one of them being destined to electrically interconnect several dissipating elements 4 of equal polarity.
  • Fig. 10 illustrates a possible embodiment of such a contact bridge, indicated with 30, which consists substantially of a strap 30A made from electric conducting material, being cut and folded for presenting orthogonal foils 30B, generally in the same number of the dissipating elements 4 to be connected to each other, or in a number being equal to the number of such dissipating elements 4 less the number of elastic devices 3.
  • the upright 1C instead of a plurality of seats 14 and passages 15, the upright 1C has a proper recess, wherein the bridge 30 can be freely inserted during the coupling operation of the upright itself with the cross members 1A and 1B of the radiator frame 1.
  • the contacting bridge 30 is so assembled to have the strap 30A arranged sideways with respect to the ends indicated with 4B2 of the dissipating elements 4; as it will be noticed, the foils 308 of the bridge 30 are only in contact with the ends 4B2 of the dissipating elements 4, to be electrically interconnected; the electric and mechanical contact between said foils 30B and the relevant ends 4B2 may be warranted for example through electric tacking or welding or riveting, etc.
  • the width of the ends 2B2 of the bars 2B pertaining to the heat emitting elements 2 is larger than the width of the end 4B2 of the dissipating elements 4; as a result, this prevents the strap 30A from coming into contact with the ends 4B2 of the dissipating elements 4 of different polarities, i.e. those that are not to be interconnected by the bridge 30.
  • the contacting bridge 30 is assembled with the strap 30A being arranged on the front with respect to the ends 4B2 of the dissipating elements 4; as it will be noticed, also in this instance the foils 30B of the bridge 30 are only connected to said ends 4B2 of the dissipating elements 4 to be electrically interconnected.
  • the ends 2B2 of the various positioning bars 2B of the PTC resistors extend over the point reached by the ends 4B2 of the dissipating elements 4; therefore, also in this instance, the ends 2B2 act as "spacers", so as to prevent that the strap 30A may come into contact with the ends 4B2 of the dissipating elements 4 of different polarities, i.e. those that are not to be interconnected through the bridge 30.
  • Fig. 14 illustrates the principle of electric connection of a radiator like the one of Fig. 1 (but with an elastic device as illustrated in part D of Fig. 9) should only one contacting bridge 30 be employed.
  • the dissipating elements 4 subject to negative polarity are connected to each other through the bridge 30, whereas the dissipating elements 4 subject to positive polarity have respective terminals 5; of course, also one of the dissipating elements subject to negative polarity has a terminal 5 (first one from the top) to facilitate the radiator connection to the relevant power source; it is also clear how the right upright (with reference to Fig. 14) of the radiator frame will be of the type with only one housing seat for the bridge 30, whereas the left upright will be of the type with the seats 14 and passages 15 (see Fig. 2).
  • Fig. 15 illustrates the principle of electric connection of a radiator as shown in Fig. 2 (but with two elastic devices like in part D of Fig. 9) in the event of only one contacting bridge 30 being used.
  • dissipating elements 4 subject to negative polarity are interconnected by the bridge 30, whereas the dissipating elements 4 subject to positive polarity have their respective terminals 5; as for the previous case, one negative polarity dissipating element is anyway equipped with a terminal 5, while the side uprights of the radiator frame are of different type between them.
  • Figs. 16 and 17 illustrate the principle of electric connection of two radiators like those of Figs. 14 and 15, should two contacting bridges be employed.
  • the dissipating elements 4 subject to negative polarity are interconnected by a bridge 30' having four contact foils (i.e. foils 30B of Figs. 10-12), whereas the dissipating elements 4 subject to positive polarity are interconnected by a bridge 30" having three contact foils.
  • the dissipating elements 4 subject to positive polarity are interconnected by a bridge 30' having three contact foils, whereas the dissipating elements 4 subject to negative polarity are interconnected by a bridge 30" having two contact foils.
  • one of the dissipating elements subject to positive polarity is equipped with a terminal 5 and the bridge 30" interconnecting the dissipating elements subject to negative polarity is also equipped with a terminal 5, thus favouring connection of the radiator to the relevant power source.
  • the right uprights of both radiator frames shown in Figs. 16 - 17 has a proper housing recess for the bridge 30', whereas the left upright besides such a housing recess also has two passages 15 for the terminals 5 there available.
  • the elastic devices 3 are arranged between two dissipating elements 4; according to further possible embodiments, on the other hand, the elastic devices 3 may be interposed between two heat emitting elements 2; such an example is represented schematically in Fig. 18, showing an elastic device 3 arranged in an intermediate position between two heat emitting elements 2, which operates to push them to respective opposite directions; obviously, should at least two elastic devices 3 be used, each one of them will operate to push one of the respective heat emitting elements 2 to a first cross member (1A or 1B), and the other to a median or central zone of the frame 1.
  • At least an elastic device 3 may be provided for its coupling to a respective electric terminal 5, either in the instance where the elastic device itself is placed between two heat emitting elements (as illustrated in Fig. 18), and in the case it is placed between two dissipating elements 4 or between a dissipating element and a heat emitting element; in these further circumstances, of course, said dissipating elements will not require any respective terminal 5.
  • the bars 2B pertaining to the heat emitting elements 2 may advantageously have a higher number of openings 2B1 compared to the number of PTC resistors 2A actually cooperating with this bar; this case is in fact highlighted in Fig. 2, where the bar indicated with 2B has six openings 2B1, but only three of them receives an equal number of PTC resistors 2A.
  • the three PTC resistors of a bar 2B can have a staggered position with respect to the three PTC resistors of the subsequent bar 2B, as highlighted in the above Fig. 18 (wherein the bars 2B are not represented).
  • PTC resistors may be replaced by different suitable heating means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
EP01103788A 2000-02-17 2001-02-16 Radiateur électrique Withdrawn EP1130337A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO20000034 IT249474Y1 (it) 2000-02-17 2000-02-17 Radiatore elettrico.
ITTO000034U 2000-02-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1130337A2 true EP1130337A2 (fr) 2001-09-05
EP1130337A3 EP1130337A3 (fr) 2003-04-02

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ID=11457248

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1130337A3 (fr)
IT (1) IT249474Y1 (fr)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1432287A1 (fr) * 2002-12-19 2004-06-23 Catem GmbH & Co.KG Dispositif de chauffage électrique avec boítier
EP1445553A1 (fr) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-11 Behr France S.A.R.L. Echangeur de chaleur
EP1457367A1 (fr) * 2003-03-13 2004-09-15 Behr GmbH & Co. Appareil de chauffage électrique, en particulier pour véhicule
EP1462733A1 (fr) 2003-03-25 2004-09-29 Valeo Climatisation Dispositif de chauffage électrique comprenant un corps chauffant
FR2858166A1 (fr) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-28 Valeo Climatisation Radiateur electrique integrant des elements chauffants a coefficient de temperature positif
EP1503153A1 (fr) * 2003-07-31 2005-02-02 Behr France S.A.R.L. Dispositif d'échange de chaleur
EP1574791A1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-14 CEBI S.p.A. Dispositif de chauffage électrique pour système de ventilation d'automobile
EP1580495A1 (fr) * 2004-03-22 2005-09-28 Halla Climate Control Corporation Disposotif de chauffage électrique
FR2868737A1 (fr) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-14 Valeo Climatisation Sa Ensemble de chauffage pour installation de chauffage, de ventilation et/ou d'air climatise d'un habitacle de vehicule
EP2019268A2 (fr) 2007-07-18 2009-01-28 Catem GmbH & Co. KG Chauffage électrique
EP2131117A1 (fr) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-09 Behr France Rouffach SAS Climatisation de véhicule automobile dotée d'un dispositif de chauffage ptc
EP2275753A1 (fr) * 2009-06-19 2011-01-19 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique et dispositif de chauffage électrique
ITRM20120022A1 (it) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-21 Bitron Spa Dispositivo di riscaldamento.
EP2242327B1 (fr) 2009-04-14 2016-05-25 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de chauffage électrique
EP3287710A1 (fr) * 2016-08-25 2018-02-28 Mahle International GmbH Chauffage électrique
WO2018215545A1 (fr) * 2017-05-24 2018-11-29 Webasto SE Appareil de chauffage électrique
FR3096220A1 (fr) * 2019-05-13 2020-11-20 Continental Automotive Gmbh Ressort pour élément chauffant et dispositif de chauffage intégrant un tel ressort
EP4257907A3 (fr) * 2020-05-04 2023-11-15 Kraftanlagen Energies & Services GmbH Dispositif de chauffage, système de chauffage, dispositif de stockage d'énergie thermique et système de stockage d'énergie thermique

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0350528A1 (fr) 1988-07-15 1990-01-17 David & Baader DBK Spezialfabrik elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Radiateur

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EP0575649B1 (fr) * 1992-06-23 1996-12-04 David & Baader DBK Spezialfabrik elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Radiateur
FR2701757B1 (fr) * 1993-02-18 1995-04-21 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Radiateur de chauffage électrique, notamment pour l'habitacle d'un véhicule automobile.
US5471034A (en) * 1993-03-17 1995-11-28 Texas Instruments Incorporated Heater apparatus and process for heating a fluid stream with PTC heating elements electrically connected in series
JPH0855673A (ja) * 1994-08-10 1996-02-27 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 正特性サーミスタ発熱装置
DE19911547C5 (de) * 1999-03-16 2005-12-01 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrische Heizeinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0350528A1 (fr) 1988-07-15 1990-01-17 David & Baader DBK Spezialfabrik elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Radiateur

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US7026584B2 (en) 2002-12-19 2006-04-11 Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg Electric heater with housing
EP1432287A1 (fr) * 2002-12-19 2004-06-23 Catem GmbH & Co.KG Dispositif de chauffage électrique avec boítier
EP1445553A1 (fr) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-11 Behr France S.A.R.L. Echangeur de chaleur
EP1457367A1 (fr) * 2003-03-13 2004-09-15 Behr GmbH & Co. Appareil de chauffage électrique, en particulier pour véhicule
WO2004080738A1 (fr) * 2003-03-13 2004-09-23 Behr Gmbh & Co. Dispositif de chauffage electrique, utilise en particulier pour des vehicules
US7361868B2 (en) 2003-03-13 2008-04-22 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrical heating device, especially for motor vehicles
EP1462733A1 (fr) 2003-03-25 2004-09-29 Valeo Climatisation Dispositif de chauffage électrique comprenant un corps chauffant
FR2853198A1 (fr) * 2003-03-25 2004-10-01 Valeo Climatisation Dispositif de chauffage electrique comprenant un corps chauffant
FR2858166A1 (fr) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-28 Valeo Climatisation Radiateur electrique integrant des elements chauffants a coefficient de temperature positif
EP1503153A1 (fr) * 2003-07-31 2005-02-02 Behr France S.A.R.L. Dispositif d'échange de chaleur
EP1574791A1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-14 CEBI S.p.A. Dispositif de chauffage électrique pour système de ventilation d'automobile
EP1580495A1 (fr) * 2004-03-22 2005-09-28 Halla Climate Control Corporation Disposotif de chauffage électrique
US7064301B2 (en) 2004-03-22 2006-06-20 Halla Climate Control Corporation Electric heater
FR2868737A1 (fr) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-14 Valeo Climatisation Sa Ensemble de chauffage pour installation de chauffage, de ventilation et/ou d'air climatise d'un habitacle de vehicule
EP1586826A1 (fr) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-19 Valeo Systèmes Thermiques Ensemble de chauffage pour installation de chauffage, de ventilation et/ou d'air climatisé d'un habitacle de véhicule.
US7971799B2 (en) 2004-04-13 2011-07-05 Valeo Climatisation S.A. Heating assembly for a heating, ventilating and/or air conditioning installation for a vehicle cabin
EP2019268A2 (fr) 2007-07-18 2009-01-28 Catem GmbH & Co. KG Chauffage électrique
EP2019268A3 (fr) * 2007-07-18 2010-07-07 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Chauffage électrique
EP2131117A1 (fr) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-09 Behr France Rouffach SAS Climatisation de véhicule automobile dotée d'un dispositif de chauffage ptc
EP2242327B2 (fr) † 2009-04-14 2020-03-25 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de chauffage électrique
EP2242327B1 (fr) 2009-04-14 2016-05-25 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de chauffage électrique
EP2275753B1 (fr) 2009-06-19 2016-03-23 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique et dispositif de chauffage électrique
EP2275753A1 (fr) * 2009-06-19 2011-01-19 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique et dispositif de chauffage électrique
ITRM20120022A1 (it) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-21 Bitron Spa Dispositivo di riscaldamento.
EP3287710A1 (fr) * 2016-08-25 2018-02-28 Mahle International GmbH Chauffage électrique
CN107787055A (zh) * 2016-08-25 2018-03-09 马勒国际公司 电加热器
CN107787055B (zh) * 2016-08-25 2021-12-24 马勒国际公司 电加热器
WO2018215545A1 (fr) * 2017-05-24 2018-11-29 Webasto SE Appareil de chauffage électrique
CN110678343A (zh) * 2017-05-24 2020-01-10 韦巴斯托股份公司 电加热器
FR3096220A1 (fr) * 2019-05-13 2020-11-20 Continental Automotive Gmbh Ressort pour élément chauffant et dispositif de chauffage intégrant un tel ressort
EP4257907A3 (fr) * 2020-05-04 2023-11-15 Kraftanlagen Energies & Services GmbH Dispositif de chauffage, système de chauffage, dispositif de stockage d'énergie thermique et système de stockage d'énergie thermique
DE102020111987B4 (de) 2020-05-04 2024-06-27 Kraftanlagen Energies & Services Se Heizeinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO20000034U1 (it) 2001-08-17
EP1130337A3 (fr) 2003-04-02
IT249474Y1 (it) 2003-05-19

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