EP1126152B1 - Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1126152B1
EP1126152B1 EP01102934A EP01102934A EP1126152B1 EP 1126152 B1 EP1126152 B1 EP 1126152B1 EP 01102934 A EP01102934 A EP 01102934A EP 01102934 A EP01102934 A EP 01102934A EP 1126152 B1 EP1126152 B1 EP 1126152B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
cooling
coolant
cylinder
head according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP01102934A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1126152A3 (en
EP1126152A2 (en
Inventor
David James Haugen
Fernando Sandoval
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Deere and Co
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Deere and Co
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Publication date
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Application filed by Deere and Co filed Critical Deere and Co
Publication of EP1126152A2 publication Critical patent/EP1126152A2/en
Publication of EP1126152A3 publication Critical patent/EP1126152A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine having at least two cylinders with a bottom wall which forms an ignition surface for each of the cylinders, and a hollow interior, which forms a cooling water jacket, wherein the cooling water jacket a lower, adjacent to the ignition surfaces Küllebene with the cylinders associated coolant inlets and an upper transport plane having at least one coolant outlet, and the lowerméebene with the upper transport plane above the cylinders associated channels is in communication, and an internal combustion engine.
  • Heavy diesel engines typically include a coolant jacket which transports coolant in a cylinder head from a region adjacent the top dead center of a cylinder farthest from a coolant outlet through the remaining cylinder head to the coolant outlet via respective regions of the remaining cylinders.
  • the area of the cylinder closest to the coolant outlet is thus hotter than the corresponding area of the cylinder farthest from the coolant outlet.
  • US-A-4,291,650 shows a cylinder head with a coolant chamber divided by a wall into a lower and an upper region.
  • the wall has an opening adjacent to each combustion chamber permitting coolant exchange between the upper and lower regions.
  • DE-A1-37 10 630 shows a liquid-cooled cylinder head according to claim 1, Part 1, the individual cooling water chambers are connected via risers with a drain-collecting channel in communication, which extends over the entire length of the cylinder head.
  • a cooling water jacket with two levels is provided for cooling the cylinder head.
  • the lower conductive cooling plane allows the coolant to flow from the engine block into the cylinder head to cool the firing surface of only one cylinder.
  • the coolant flows upwardly from the conductive cooling plane to a transport plane having a cross-flow channel which directs the coolant to an orifice without the coolant contacting the direct cooling of the firing surface of another cylinder.
  • a channel is provided between thedeebene and the upper transport level.
  • this is an annular channel surrounding the injector cuffs.
  • access to the bore surfaces from outside the cylinder head is possible, so that the surface of the bore can be machined. Since the bore surface in the cylinder head as well as the injector cuff surfaces are machined, the size of the channel is within manufacturing and not within molding tolerances. This results in very small flow variations from one cylinder to another, causing uniform cooling of the cylinders.
  • a cylinder head according to the present invention is shown and designated substantially by reference numeral 10.
  • the cylinder head 10 has a cast-iron block 12 which is cast with a plurality of passages in a known manner.
  • the passages include bores 14 for receiving bolts, bores 16 for fuel supply or injection nozzles, a plurality of passages for intake and exhaust valves (shown in Figures 2 and 3) as well as passages forming a cooling water jacket, as described in more detail below becomes.
  • a bottom wall 20 forms the underside of the cylinder head 10, which forms the top dead center of each cylinder and is referred to below as the ignition surface 18.
  • the firing surface 18 forms the top of the combustion chamber of each cylinder and is the area of the cylinder head 10 that requires the most cooling.
  • the cooling water jacket of the cylinder head 10 provides a conductive cooling of the ignition surface 18th
  • the cylinder head 10 of the present invention is provided with a cooling water jacket disposed in two separate planes of the cylinder head 10.
  • a lower, conductive cooling plane has a lower chamber 22, which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the lower chamber 22 is arranged directly above the lower wall 20 of the cylinder head 10, the underside of which forms the ignition surface 18.
  • the lower chamber 22 is substantially rectangular, as can best be seen in Figure 2, and has in its four corners coolant inlets 24, the cooling liquid of take the cooling water jacket of the block 12.
  • the lower chamber 22 encloses the passage 26 to the inlet of air and the passage 28 to the outlet of exhaust gases.
  • a plurality of branches 34 extend from the lower chamber 22, which is formed by portions of the casting core, which holds the core in the mold.
  • the branches 34 are closed by freeze plug 48.
  • the lower chamber 22 has branches 30 for coolant flow between the passages 26 and 28 to the center of the lower chamber 22 surrounding the injector collar 32.
  • the injector collar 32 is fitted in the bores 16 and extends through the firing surface 18.
  • a seal 35 is formed between the injector collar 32 and the bottom wall 20 to prevent leakage of coolant from the lower chamber 22 into the combustion chamber below.
  • An O-ring seal 47 seals the top of the nozzle sleeve 32 against the block 12.
  • the coolant jacket further has an upper transport plane, which has a cross-flow channel 36 and a connection region 38.
  • the transport surface is connected to the lower cooling surface via an annular channel 40 formed between the injector collar 32 and an inner surface 42 of the bore 16.
  • the cross-flow passage 36 is shown in FIG. 3 and directs coolant to a reservoir 52 at one end of the cylinder head 10.
  • the cross-flow passage 36 is also provided with branches 54.
  • the branches 54 are formed by portions of the casting core which hold the core in the mold. These branches are closed by additional plugs 56.
  • Figure 3 also shows the air inlet and exhaust gas outlet passages 26, 28 through the Cylinder head 10, as well as the valve guides 64, 66 for the intake and exhaust valves.
  • the reservoir 52 has a cold fluid bypass bypass outlet 68, controlled by a thermostat, not shown, mounted in an upper opening 70 in the reservoir 52 (shown in FIG. 5). Another port in the reservoir 52 is the coolant outlet 72 for heated coolant exiting the cylinder head 10 and is also controlled by a thermostat.
  • the reservoir 52 also has a plug 74.
  • Coolant flows into the cylinder head 10 via the inlets 24 in the four corner regions of the lower chamber 22.
  • the coolant flows radially inwardly around the inlet and outlet passages 26, 28 to the center of the lower chamber 22 and to the annular channel 40. There, the coolant rises to the transport plane, where the coolant passes through the connecting portion 38 to the cross-flow channel 36. Once in the cross flow channel 36, the coolant is directed to the coolant outlet 72 at the end of the cylinder head 10.
  • the lower, directed coolant plane of the coolant jacket has a lower cooling chamber 22 for each cylinder of the multi-cylinder drive, wherein the lower cooling chambers 22 are arranged separately from each other.
  • An area of a lower cooling chamber 22 of an adjacent cylinder is shown in FIG.
  • the adjacent lower cooling chambers 22 are separated by a wall in the cast block 12. Coolant must flow from the lower cooling chamber 22 through the annular channel 40 to the upper transport plane where the coolant is directed through the cross-flow channel 36 to the opening 72 (FIG. 5) at one end of the cylinder head 10.
  • Coolant that has been heated from the firing surface in a lower cooling chamber 22 does not flow into another lower cooling chamber 22.
  • the firing surface 18 of each cylinder experiences the same degree of cooling, thereby providing better control of the mean temperature in the lower cooling chamber 22 and the firing surface 18. There are minor variations in the temperatures between the firing surfaces 18 of the various cylinders.
  • a feature of the cylinder head 10 that improves the control of the flow of coolant through the cylinder head 10 is that the inner surface 42 of the bore 16 is a machined surface, as is the outer surface of the injector sleeve 32.
  • the size of the annular channels 40 is controlled within machining tolerances rather than casting tolerances, thereby more accurately controlling variations in the size of the channels 40 between the cylinders.
  • the precise control of the size of the annular channel 40 is made possible by arranging the channels 40 in the inlet ports, while allowing external access for machining the bore surfaces.
  • FIG. 1 An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. There, a small communication passage 50 is provided through the wall 44 between adjacent lower cooling chambers 22 on one or both sides.
  • the communication passage 50 is the result of connection areas of the sand core forming the lower cooling chambers 22 in the block 12. Greater stability of the core can be provided by connecting the lower cooling chambers 22 to a small joint forming the communication passages 50.
  • the coolant flow described above is likely to result in little replacement of coolant from one lower cooling chamber 22 to another. As a result, the advantages described above can be substantially achieved even if there is a connection between adjacent lower cooling chambers 22.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

A cylinder head for an engine having a two-plane water jacket in which a lower chamber at one plane through the head cools the fire deck of each cylinder and a cross-flow passage for the coolant is spaced above the lower chambers in a second plane through the head directs coolant to an outlet. The two planes of the water jacket are connected by an annular passage surrounding the injector nozzle sleeve and has machined surfaces whereby the size of the flow channel and thus the coolant flow between the two planes is better controlled to enable more even cooling of the fire deck resulting in less variability in fire deck temperature from one cylinder to one another. The lower chambers cooling the fire deck are separate for each cylinder to prevent heated coolant from one cylinder flowing to the next cylinder fire deck.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit wenigstens zwei Zylindern mit einer unteren Wand, die eine Zündfläche für jeden der Zylinder bildet, und einem hohlen Inneren, das einen Kühlwassermantel bildet, wobei der Kühlwassermantel eine untere, an die Zündflächen angrenzende Kühlebene mit den Zylindern zugeordneten Kühlmitteleinlässen und eine obere Transportebene mit wenigstens einem Kühlmittelauslaß aufweist, und die untere Kühlebene mit der oberen Transportebene über den Zylindern zugeordnete Kanäle in Verbindung steht, sowie eine Brennkraftmaschine.The invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine having at least two cylinders with a bottom wall which forms an ignition surface for each of the cylinders, and a hollow interior, which forms a cooling water jacket, wherein the cooling water jacket a lower, adjacent to the ignition surfaces Küllebene with the cylinders associated coolant inlets and an upper transport plane having at least one coolant outlet, and the lower Kühlebene with the upper transport plane above the cylinders associated channels is in communication, and an internal combustion engine.

Schwere Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen weisen üblicherweise einen Kühlmittelmantel auf, welcher Kühlmittel in einem Zylinderkopf von einem an den oberen Totpunkt eines Zylinders angrenzenden Bereich, der am weitesten von einem Kühlmittelauslaß entfernt ist, durch den übrigen Zylinderkopf über entsprechende Bereiche der verbleibenden Zylinder zu dem Kühlmittelauslaß transportiert. Der Bereich des Zylinders, der dem Kühlmittelauslaß am nächsten angeordnet ist, ist demnach heißer als der entsprechende Bereich des Zylinders, der am weitesten von dem Kühlmittelauslaß entfernt ist.Heavy diesel engines typically include a coolant jacket which transports coolant in a cylinder head from a region adjacent the top dead center of a cylinder farthest from a coolant outlet through the remaining cylinder head to the coolant outlet via respective regions of the remaining cylinders. The area of the cylinder closest to the coolant outlet is thus hotter than the corresponding area of the cylinder farthest from the coolant outlet.

Die US-A-4,291,650 zeigt einen Zylinderkopf mit einer Kühlmittelkammer, die durch eine Wandung in einen unteren und einen oberen Bereich geteilt wird. Die Wandung weist angrenzend an jede Verbrennungskammer eine Öffnung auf, die einen Kühlmittelaustausch zwischen dem oberen und dem unteren Bereich ermöglicht.US-A-4,291,650 shows a cylinder head with a coolant chamber divided by a wall into a lower and an upper region. The wall has an opening adjacent to each combustion chamber permitting coolant exchange between the upper and lower regions.

Die DE-A1-37 10 630 zeigt einen flüssigkeitsgekühlten Zylinderkopf gemäss Anspruch 1, 1.Teil, dessen einzelne Kühlwasserkammern über Steigleitungen mit einem Abfluss-Sammelkanal in Verbindung stehen, der sich über die ganze Länge des Zylinderkopfes erstreckt.DE-A1-37 10 630 shows a liquid-cooled cylinder head according to claim 1, Part 1, the individual cooling water chambers are connected via risers with a drain-collecting channel in communication, which extends over the entire length of the cylinder head.

Das der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Problem wird darin gesehen, daß bekannte Zylinderköpfe eine ungleichmäßige Wärmeverteilung bezogen auf die zugeordneten Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine zur Verfügung stellen, so daß die Kühlung von Brennkraftmaschinen mit solchen Zylinderköpfen nicht optimal arbeitet.The problem underlying the invention is seen in the fact that known cylinder heads provide an uneven heat distribution relative to the associated cylinder of an internal combustion engine available, so that the cooling of internal combustion engines with such cylinder heads does not work optimally.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Lehre der Patentansprüche 1 bzw. 9 gelöst, wobei in den weiteren Patentansprüchen die Lösung in vorteilhafter Weise weiterentwickelnde Merkmale aufgeführt sind.This problem is inventively solved by the teaching of claims 1 and 9, wherein in the other claims, the solution are listed in an advantageous manner developing features.

Auf diese Weise wird ein Kühlwassermantel mit zwei Ebenen zur Kühlung des Zylinderkopfs zur Verfügung gestellt. Die untere, leitende Kühlebene erlaubt es dem Kühlmittel, von dem Motorblock in den Zylinderkopf zu fließen, um die Zündfläche nur eines Zylinders zu kühlen. Das Kühlmittel fließt von der leitenden Kühlebene nach oben zu einer Transportebene, die einen Querstromkanal aufweist, der das Kühlmittel zu einer Öffnung leitet, ohne daß das Kühlmittel mit der direkten Kühlung der Zündfläche eines anderen Zylinders in Berührung kommt.In this way, a cooling water jacket with two levels is provided for cooling the cylinder head. The lower conductive cooling plane allows the coolant to flow from the engine block into the cylinder head to cool the firing surface of only one cylinder. The coolant flows upwardly from the conductive cooling plane to a transport plane having a cross-flow channel which directs the coolant to an orifice without the coolant contacting the direct cooling of the firing surface of another cylinder.

Zwischen der Kühlebene und der oberen Transportebene ist ein Kanal vorgesehen. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich hierbei um einen ringförmigen Kanal, der die Einspritzdüsenmanschetten umgibt. Hier ist ein Zugang zu den Bohrungsoberflächen von außerhalb des Zylinderkopfes möglich, so daß die Oberfläche der Bohrung maschinell bearbeitet werden kann. Da die Bohrungsoberfläche in dem Zylinderkopf sowie die Einspritzdüsenmanschettenoberflächen maschinell bearbeitet werden, liegt die Größe des Kanals innerhalb von Fertigungs- und nicht innerhalb von Gußtoleranzen. Dies resultiert in sehr geringen Durchflußvariationen von einem Zylinder zum anderen, wodurch eine gleichmäßige Kühlung der Zylinder hervorgerufen wird.Between the Kühlebene and the upper transport level, a channel is provided. Preferably, this is an annular channel surrounding the injector cuffs. Here, access to the bore surfaces from outside the cylinder head is possible, so that the surface of the bore can be machined. Since the bore surface in the cylinder head as well as the injector cuff surfaces are machined, the size of the channel is within manufacturing and not within molding tolerances. This results in very small flow variations from one cylinder to another, causing uniform cooling of the cylinders.

In der Zeichnung sind nachfolgend näher beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Schnittdarstellung eines Zylinderkopfs mit einem Kühlwassermantel entlang einer vertikalen Ebene,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittdarstellung des Zylinderkopfes entlang der Linie 2 - 2 aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie 3 - 3 aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
eine Schnittdarstellung entsprechend der Darstellung aus Fig. 2, die eine weitere Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung zeigt und
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Endbereiches des Zylinderkopfs.
In the drawing, embodiments of the invention described in more detail below are shown. It shows:
Fig. 1
a sectional view of a cylinder head with a cooling water jacket along a vertical plane,
Fig. 2
3 is a sectional view of the cylinder head along the line 2 - 2 of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 1,
Fig. 4
a sectional view corresponding to the illustration of FIG. 2, which shows a further embodiment of the present invention and
Fig. 5
a perspective view of an end portion of the cylinder head.

Mit Bezug auf Figur 1 wird ein Zylinderkopf entsprechend der vorliegenden Erfindung gezeigt und im wesentlichen mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 bezeichnet. Der Zylinderkopf 10 weist einen gußeisernen Block 12 auf, welcher mit einer Mehrzahl von Durchgängen in bekannter Weise gegossen ist. Die Durchgänge umfassen Bohrungen 14 zur Aufnahme von Schrauben, Bohrungen 16 für Kraftstoffzufuhreinrichtungen bzw. Einspritzdüsen, mehrere Durchgänge für Einlaß- und Auslaßventile (in den Figuren 2 und 3 gezeigt) wie auch Durchgänge, die einen Kühlwassermantel bilden, wie er im folgenden genauer beschrieben werden wird. Eine untere Wand 20 bildet die Unterseite des Zylinderkopfes 10, die den Bereich des oberen Totpunktes jedes Zylinders bildet und im folgenden als Zündfläche 18 bezeichnet wird. Die Zündfläche 18 bildet die Oberseite der Verbrennungskammer jedes Zylinders und ist der Bereich des Zylinderkopfes 10, der die meiste Kühlung erfordert. Der Kühlwassermantel des Zylinderkopfes 10 liefert eine leitende Kühlung der Zündfläche 18.With reference to FIG. 1, a cylinder head according to the present invention is shown and designated substantially by reference numeral 10. The cylinder head 10 has a cast-iron block 12 which is cast with a plurality of passages in a known manner. The passages include bores 14 for receiving bolts, bores 16 for fuel supply or injection nozzles, a plurality of passages for intake and exhaust valves (shown in Figures 2 and 3) as well as passages forming a cooling water jacket, as described in more detail below becomes. A bottom wall 20 forms the underside of the cylinder head 10, which forms the top dead center of each cylinder and is referred to below as the ignition surface 18. The firing surface 18 forms the top of the combustion chamber of each cylinder and is the area of the cylinder head 10 that requires the most cooling. The cooling water jacket of the cylinder head 10 provides a conductive cooling of the ignition surface 18th

Der Zylinderkopf 10 der vorliegenden Erfindung ist mit einem Kühlwassermantel versehen, der in zwei getrennten Ebenen des Zylinderkopfes 10 angeordnet ist. Eine untere, leitende Kühlebene weist eine untere Kammer 22 auf, die in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigt wird. Die untere Kammer 22 ist unmittelbar oberhalb der unteren Wand 20 des Zylinderkopfes 10 angeordnet, dessen Unterseite die Zündfläche 18 bildet. Die untere Kammer 22 ist im wesentlichen, wie es am besten in Figur 2 gesehen werden kann, rechteckig ausgebildet und weist in ihren vier Eckbereichen Kühlmitteleinlässe 24 auf, die Kühlflüssigkeit von dem Kühlwassermantel des Blocks 12 aufnehmen. Die untere Kammer 22 umschließt den Durchgang 26 zum Einlaß von Luft und den Durchgang 28 zum Auslaß von Abgasen. Obwohl die Erfindung an einem Antrieb mit zwei Einlaß- und zwei Auslaßventilen gezeigt wird, kann leicht wahrgenommen werden, daß der Zylinderkopf 10 der vorliegenden Erfindung an Antrieben mit mehr oder weniger Ventilen verwendet werden kann. Es erstrecken sich mehrere Abzweigungen 34 von der unteren Kammer 22, die durch Bereiche des Gußkerns gebildet wird, der den Kern in der Gußform hält. Die Abzweigungen 34 werden durch Verschlußstopfen (freeze plug) 48 verschlossen.The cylinder head 10 of the present invention is provided with a cooling water jacket disposed in two separate planes of the cylinder head 10. A lower, conductive cooling plane has a lower chamber 22, which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The lower chamber 22 is arranged directly above the lower wall 20 of the cylinder head 10, the underside of which forms the ignition surface 18. The lower chamber 22 is substantially rectangular, as can best be seen in Figure 2, and has in its four corners coolant inlets 24, the cooling liquid of take the cooling water jacket of the block 12. The lower chamber 22 encloses the passage 26 to the inlet of air and the passage 28 to the outlet of exhaust gases. Although the invention is shown on a dual inlet and two exhaust valve drive, it can be readily appreciated that the cylinder head 10 of the present invention may be used with more or less valve actuators. A plurality of branches 34 extend from the lower chamber 22, which is formed by portions of the casting core, which holds the core in the mold. The branches 34 are closed by freeze plug 48.

Die untere Kammer 22 weist Abzweigungen 30 für einen Kühlmittelfluß zwischen den Durchgängen 26 und 28 zu dem Zentrum der unteren Kammer 22 auf, die die Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 umgibt. Die Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 ist in die Bohrungen 16 eingepaßt und erstreckt sich durch die Zündfläche 18. Eine Dichtung 35 ist zwischen der Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 und der unteren Wand 20 eingeformt, um ein Lecken von Kühlmittel aus der unteren Kammer 22 in die Verbrennungskammer darunter zu verhindern. Eine O-Ring Dichtung 47 dichtet das obere Ende der Düsenmanschette 32 gegen den Block 12 ab.The lower chamber 22 has branches 30 for coolant flow between the passages 26 and 28 to the center of the lower chamber 22 surrounding the injector collar 32. The injector collar 32 is fitted in the bores 16 and extends through the firing surface 18. A seal 35 is formed between the injector collar 32 and the bottom wall 20 to prevent leakage of coolant from the lower chamber 22 into the combustion chamber below. An O-ring seal 47 seals the top of the nozzle sleeve 32 against the block 12.

Der Kühlmittelmantel weist weiter eine obere Transportebene auf, die einen Querstromkanal 36 und einen Verbindungsbereich 38 aufweist. Die Transportfläche ist mit der unteren Kühlfläche über einen ringförmigen Kanal 40 verbunden, der zwischen der Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 und einer Innenfläche 42 der Bohrung 16 eingeformt ist. Der Querstromkanal 36 wird in Figur 3 gezeigt und leitet Kühlmittel zu einem Reservoir 52 an einem Ende des Zylinderkopfes 10. Der Querstromkanal 36 ist ebenso mit Abzweigungen 54 versehen. Die Abzweigungen 54 werden durch Bereiche des Gußkerns gebildet, die den Kern in der Gußform halten. Diese Abzweigungen werden durch zusätzliche Verschlußstopfen 56 verschlossen. Figur 3 zeigt darüber hinaus die Lufteinlaß- und Abgasauslaß-Durchgänge 26, 28 durch den Zylinderkopf 10, wie auch die Ventilführungen 64, 66 für die Einlaß- und Auslaßventile. Das Reservoir 52 weist einen Umgehungsausgang 68 für einen Kühlmittelfluß, bei kaltem Antrieb auf, der durch einen nicht gezeigten Thermostat gesteuert wird, der in einer oberen Öffnung 70 in dem Reservoir 52 (in Fig. 5 dargestellt) angebracht ist. Bei einer anderen Öffnung in dem Reservoir 52 handelt es sich um den Kühlmittelauslaß 72 für aufgeheiztes Kühlmittel, das den Zylinderkopf 10 verläßt und wird ebenso mittels eines Thermostats gesteuert. Das Reservoir 52 weist ebenso einen Verschlußstopfen 74 auf.The coolant jacket further has an upper transport plane, which has a cross-flow channel 36 and a connection region 38. The transport surface is connected to the lower cooling surface via an annular channel 40 formed between the injector collar 32 and an inner surface 42 of the bore 16. The cross-flow passage 36 is shown in FIG. 3 and directs coolant to a reservoir 52 at one end of the cylinder head 10. The cross-flow passage 36 is also provided with branches 54. The branches 54 are formed by portions of the casting core which hold the core in the mold. These branches are closed by additional plugs 56. Figure 3 also shows the air inlet and exhaust gas outlet passages 26, 28 through the Cylinder head 10, as well as the valve guides 64, 66 for the intake and exhaust valves. The reservoir 52 has a cold fluid bypass bypass outlet 68, controlled by a thermostat, not shown, mounted in an upper opening 70 in the reservoir 52 (shown in FIG. 5). Another port in the reservoir 52 is the coolant outlet 72 for heated coolant exiting the cylinder head 10 and is also controlled by a thermostat. The reservoir 52 also has a plug 74.

Kühlmittel fließt in den Zylinderkopf 10 über die Einlässe 24 in den vier Eckbereichen der unteren Kammer 22. Das Kühlmittel fließt radial nach innen, um die Einlaß- und Auslaß-Durchgänge 26, 28 herum zu dem Zentrum der unteren Kammer 22 und zu dem ringförmigen Kanal 40. Dort steigt das Kühlmittel zu der Transportebene auf, wo das Kühlmittel durch den Verbindungsbereich 38 zu dem Querstromkanal 36 gelangt. Sobald es sich in dem Querstromkanal 36 befindet, wird das Kühlmittel zu dem Kühlmittelauslaß 72 am Ende des Zylinderkopfes 10 geleitet.Coolant flows into the cylinder head 10 via the inlets 24 in the four corner regions of the lower chamber 22. The coolant flows radially inwardly around the inlet and outlet passages 26, 28 to the center of the lower chamber 22 and to the annular channel 40. There, the coolant rises to the transport plane, where the coolant passes through the connecting portion 38 to the cross-flow channel 36. Once in the cross flow channel 36, the coolant is directed to the coolant outlet 72 at the end of the cylinder head 10.

Die untere, gerichtete Kühlmittelebene des Kühlmittelmantels weist eine untere Kühlkammer 22 für jeden Zylinder des mehrzylindrigen Antriebs auf, wobei die unteren Kühlkammern 22 voneinander getrennt angeordnet sind. Ein Bereich einer unteren Kühlkammer 22 eines angrenzenden Zylinders wird in Figur 2 gezeigt. Die angrenzenden unteren Kühlkammern 22 werden durch eine Wand in dem gegossenen Block 12 abgetrennt. Kühlmittel muß von der unteren Kühlkammer 22 durch den ringförmigen Kanal 40 zu der oberen Transportebene fließen, wo das Kühlmittel durch den Querstromkanal 36 zu der Öffnung 72 (Fig. 5) an einem Ende des Zylinderkopfes 10 geleitet wird.The lower, directed coolant plane of the coolant jacket has a lower cooling chamber 22 for each cylinder of the multi-cylinder drive, wherein the lower cooling chambers 22 are arranged separately from each other. An area of a lower cooling chamber 22 of an adjacent cylinder is shown in FIG. The adjacent lower cooling chambers 22 are separated by a wall in the cast block 12. Coolant must flow from the lower cooling chamber 22 through the annular channel 40 to the upper transport plane where the coolant is directed through the cross-flow channel 36 to the opening 72 (FIG. 5) at one end of the cylinder head 10.

Kühlmittel, das von der Zündfläche in einer unteren Kühlkammer 22 erhitzt wurde, fließt nicht in eine andere untere Kühlkammer 22. Die Zündfläche 18 jedes Zylinders erfährt den gleichen Grad an Kühlung, wodurch eine bessere Steuerung der mittleren Temperatur in der unteren Kühlkammer 22 und der Zündfläche 18 hergestellt wird. Es treten geringere Variationen der Temperaturen zwischen den Zündflächen 18 der verschiedenen Zylinder auf.Coolant that has been heated from the firing surface in a lower cooling chamber 22 does not flow into another lower cooling chamber 22. The firing surface 18 of each cylinder experiences the same degree of cooling, thereby providing better control of the mean temperature in the lower cooling chamber 22 and the firing surface 18. There are minor variations in the temperatures between the firing surfaces 18 of the various cylinders.

Ein Merkmal des Zylinderkopfes 10, das die Steuerung des Kühlmittelflusses durch den Zylinderkopf 10 verbessert, besteht darin, daß es sich bei der Innenfläche 42 der Bohrung 16 um eine bearbeitete Oberfläche handelt, wie dies auch die Außenfläche der Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 ist. Die Größe der ringförmigen Kanäle 40 wird innerhalb von Bearbeitungstoleranzen anstelle von Gußtoleranzen gesteuert, wodurch Variationen in der Größe der Kanäle 40 zwischen den Zylindern genauer gesteuert werden. Die genaue Steuerung der Größe des ringförmigen Kanals 40 wird dadurch möglich, daß die Kanäle 40 in den Einlaßöffnungen angeordnet sind, während ein Zugang von außen für eine maschinelle Bearbeitung der Bohrungsoberflächen möglich ist.A feature of the cylinder head 10 that improves the control of the flow of coolant through the cylinder head 10 is that the inner surface 42 of the bore 16 is a machined surface, as is the outer surface of the injector sleeve 32. The size of the annular channels 40 is controlled within machining tolerances rather than casting tolerances, thereby more accurately controlling variations in the size of the channels 40 between the cylinders. The precise control of the size of the annular channel 40 is made possible by arranging the channels 40 in the inlet ports, while allowing external access for machining the bore surfaces.

Eine alternative Ausführungsform wird in Fig. 4 gezeigt. Dort wird eine kleine Verbindungspassage 50 durch die Wand 44 zwischen angrenzenden unteren Kühlkammern 22 auf einer oder beiden Seiten zur Verfügung gestellt. Die Verbindungspassage 50 sind das Ergebnis von Verbindungsbereichen des Sandkerns, der die unteren Kühlkammern 22 in dem Block 12 bildet. Eine größere Stabilität des Kerns kann dadurch zur Verfügung gestellt werden, daß die unteren Kühlkammern 22 mit einer kleinen Verbindung, die die Verbindungspassagen 50 bilden, verbunden wird. Durch den oben beschriebenen Kühlmittelfluß wird wahrscheinlich ein geringer Austausch von Kühlmittel von einer unteren Kühlkammer 22 zu einer anderen auftreten. Als Ergebnis können die oben beschriebenen Vorteile im wesentlichen erreicht werden, selbst wenn eine Verbindung zwischen angrenzenden, unteren Kühlkammern 22 vorhanden ist.An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. There, a small communication passage 50 is provided through the wall 44 between adjacent lower cooling chambers 22 on one or both sides. The communication passage 50 is the result of connection areas of the sand core forming the lower cooling chambers 22 in the block 12. Greater stability of the core can be provided by connecting the lower cooling chambers 22 to a small joint forming the communication passages 50. The coolant flow described above is likely to result in little replacement of coolant from one lower cooling chamber 22 to another. As a result, the advantages described above can be substantially achieved even if there is a connection between adjacent lower cooling chambers 22.

Die Erfindung soll nicht auf die oben beschriebene Ausführungsform beschränkt sein, sondern nur durch die folgenden Ansprüche begrenzt werden.The invention should not be limited to the embodiment described above, but should be limited only by the following claims.

Claims (9)

  1. A cylinder head (10) for an internal combustion engine with at least two cylinders, with a lower wall which forms an ignition surface (18) for each of the cylinders, and a hollow interior which form a cooling water jacket, wherein the cooling water jacket comprises a lower cooling level adjoining the ignition surfaces (18), with coolant inlets (24) associated with the cylinders, and an upper transport level with at least one coolant outlet (72), and the lower cooling level is connected to the upper transport level through channels (40) associated with the cylinders, characterized in that an injection nozzle sleeve (32) is arranged in the channel (40) and the channel (40) is formed between the inner surface of a bore (16) provided to receive an injection nozzle and the injection nozzle sleeve (32).
  2. A cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface (42) of the bore (16) involves a machined surface.
  3. A cylinder head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cooling level comprises cooling chambers (22) adjoining the ignition surface (18).
  4. A cylinder head according to claim 3, characterized in that the cooling chambers (22) are at least substantially separate from one another.
  5. A cylinder head according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the channels (40) is formed by a bore with a surface preferably created by machining.
  6. A cylinder head according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the channels (40) is at least substantially annular.
  7. A cylinder head according to one or more of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the channels (40) branches off at least substantially in the centre of a cooling chamber (22).
  8. A cylinder head according to one or more of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the cooling chamber (22) comprises a plurality of coolant inlets (24) which open into the cooling chamber (22) preferably as far as possible away from the channel (40) and/or in that the cooling chamber (22) is formed at least substantially rectangularly and the coolant inlets (24) preferably open into corner regions of the cooling chamber (22).
  9. An internal combustion engine with a cylinder head (10) according to one or more of the preceding claims.
EP01102934A 2000-02-16 2001-02-08 Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine Revoked EP1126152B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US505022 2000-02-16
US09/505,022 US6279516B1 (en) 2000-02-16 2000-02-16 Cylinder head with two-plane water jacket

Publications (3)

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EP1126152A2 EP1126152A2 (en) 2001-08-22
EP1126152A3 EP1126152A3 (en) 2002-06-05
EP1126152B1 true EP1126152B1 (en) 2006-09-13

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EP01102934A Revoked EP1126152B1 (en) 2000-02-16 2001-02-08 Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine

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US (1) US6279516B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1126152B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE339609T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2327642C (en)
DE (1) DE50110973D1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200101287B (en)

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WO2013020357A1 (en) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-14 无锡开普动力有限公司 Structure for cooling cylinder head of four-stroke engine

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WO2013020357A1 (en) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-14 无锡开普动力有限公司 Structure for cooling cylinder head of four-stroke engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6279516B1 (en) 2001-08-28
EP1126152A3 (en) 2002-06-05
EP1126152A2 (en) 2001-08-22
ATE339609T1 (en) 2006-10-15
ZA200101287B (en) 2002-08-15
DE50110973D1 (en) 2006-10-26
CA2327642C (en) 2003-03-18
CA2327642A1 (en) 2001-08-16

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