EP1126152A2 - Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1126152A2
EP1126152A2 EP01102934A EP01102934A EP1126152A2 EP 1126152 A2 EP1126152 A2 EP 1126152A2 EP 01102934 A EP01102934 A EP 01102934A EP 01102934 A EP01102934 A EP 01102934A EP 1126152 A2 EP1126152 A2 EP 1126152A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
cooling
coolant
cylinder
head according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01102934A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1126152A3 (en
EP1126152B1 (en
Inventor
David James Haugen
Fernando Sandoval
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Deere and Co
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Deere and Co
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Application filed by Deere and Co filed Critical Deere and Co
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Publication of EP1126152A3 publication Critical patent/EP1126152A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head for a Internal combustion engine with at least two cylinders with one bottom wall, which is an ignition surface for each of the cylinders, and a hollow interior that forms a cooling water jacket, and an internal combustion engine.
  • Heavy diesel engines usually have one Coolant jacket on what coolant in a cylinder head from one adjacent to the top dead center of a cylinder Area furthest away from a coolant outlet is, through the rest of the cylinder head over corresponding areas the remaining cylinder to the coolant outlet transported. The area of the cylinder that corresponds to the Coolant outlet is located closest is therefore hotter as the corresponding area of the cylinder, the farthest is removed from the coolant outlet.
  • US-A-4,291,650 shows a cylinder head with a Coolant chamber through a wall in a lower and an upper area is shared.
  • the wall is adjacent to each combustion chamber an opening that one Coolant exchange between the upper and lower areas enables.
  • a cooling water jacket with two levels Cooling of the cylinder head provided.
  • the lower one conductive cooling level allows the coolant from which Engine block to flow into the cylinder head to the ignition surface to cool only one cylinder.
  • the coolant flows from the conductive cooling level up to a transport level that has a cross-flow channel that the coolant to a Opening conducts without the coolant with the direct Cooling the ignition surface of another cylinder in contact is coming.
  • cooling level and the upper transport level Channel there is a between the cooling level and the upper transport level Channel provided.
  • This is preferably a annular channel that surrounds the injector sleeves.
  • access to the bore surfaces from outside of the cylinder head possible, so that the surface of the bore can be machined. Since the bore surface in the cylinder head and the injector sleeve surfaces machined, the size of the channel lies within manufacturing and not within Casting tolerances. This results in very little Flow variations from one cylinder to another, causing uniform cooling of the cylinders is brought about.
  • a cylinder head corresponding to the shown present invention and essentially with the Reference number 10 denotes.
  • the cylinder head 10 has one cast iron block 12, which with a plurality of Passages is poured in a known manner.
  • the passages include holes 14 for receiving screws, holes 16 for fuel supply devices or injectors, several Passages for intake and exhaust valves (in Figures 2 and 3 shown) as well as passageways that have a cooling water jacket form as will be described in more detail below.
  • a lower wall 20 forms the underside of the cylinder head 10, the area of top dead center of each cylinder forms and is referred to below as the ignition surface 18.
  • the Ignition surface 18 forms the top of the combustion chamber each Cylinder and is the area of the cylinder head 10 that the most cooling required.
  • the cooling water jacket of the Cylinder head 10 provides conductive cooling of the ignition surface 18th
  • the cylinder head 10 of the present invention is one Cooling jacket provided in two separate levels of the Cylinder head 10 is arranged.
  • a lower, senior The cooling level has a lower chamber 22, which is shown in FIGS and 2 is shown.
  • the lower chamber 22 is immediate arranged above the lower wall 20 of the cylinder head 10, the underside of which forms the ignition surface 18.
  • the lower chamber 22 is essentially as best seen in Figure 2 can be rectangular and has four in its four Corner areas coolant inlets 24, the coolant from the cooling water jacket of block 12.
  • the lower chamber 22 encloses the passage 26 for the inlet of air and the Passage 28 to exhaust gases.
  • a drive with two inlet and two outlet valves shown is easily perceived that the cylinder head 10th of the present invention on drives with more or less Valves can be used.
  • the branches 34 are closed by plugs (freeze plug) 48 closed.
  • the lower chamber 22 has branches 30 for one Coolant flow between passages 26 and 28 to the Center of the lower chamber 22 on the Injector sleeve 32 surrounds.
  • the injector sleeve 32 is fitted into the bores 16 and extends through the ignition surface 18.
  • a seal 35 is between the Injector sleeve 32 and the lower wall 20 molded, to leak coolant from the lower chamber 22 into the To prevent combustion chamber underneath.
  • An O-ring seal 47 seals the upper end of the nozzle sleeve 32 against the Block 12 onwards.
  • the coolant jacket also has an upper transport level on having a cross flow channel 36 and a connection area 38 has.
  • the transport area is with the lower one Cooling surface connected via an annular channel 40, the between the injector sleeve 32 and an inner surface 42 of the bore 16 is formed.
  • the cross flow channel 36 is in FIG. 3 shows and directs coolant to a reservoir 52 one end of the cylinder head 10.
  • the cross flow passage 36 is also provided with branches 54.
  • the branches 54 are formed by areas of the casting core, which the core in the Hold the mold. These branches are replaced by additional ones Sealing plug 56 closed.
  • Figure 3 also shows the air inlet and exhaust outlet passages 26, 28 through the Cylinder head 10, as well as the valve guides 64, 66 for the Intake and exhaust valves.
  • the reservoir 52 has one Bypass outlet 68 for coolant flow when cold Drive on by a thermostat, not shown is controlled in an upper opening 70 in the reservoir 52 (shown in Fig. 5) is attached. Another one Opening in the reservoir 52 is the Coolant outlet 72 for heated coolant that the Cylinder head 10 leaves and is also by means of a Thermostat controlled.
  • the reservoir 52 also has one Plug 74 on.
  • Coolant flows into the cylinder head 10 via the inlets 24 in the four corner areas of the lower chamber 22.
  • the coolant flows radially inward around the inlet and outlet passages 26, 28 to the center of the lower chamber 22 and to the annular channel 40. There the coolant rises to the Transport level where the coolant through the Connection area 38 reaches the cross-flow channel 36. As soon as it is in the cross-flow channel 36, the coolant to the coolant outlet 72 at the end of the cylinder head 10 headed.
  • the lower, directed coolant level of the coolant jacket has a lower cooling chamber 22 for each cylinder of the Multi-cylinder drive, the lower cooling chambers 22nd are arranged separately from each other.
  • An area of a lower one Cooling chamber 22 of an adjacent cylinder is shown in FIG. 2 shown.
  • the adjacent lower cooling chambers 22 are through separated a wall in the cast block 12. Coolant must from the lower cooling chamber 22 through the annular channel 40 flow to the upper transport level where the coolant passes through the cross flow channel 36 to the opening 72 (FIG. 5) at one end of the cylinder head 10 is passed.
  • Coolant from the ignition surface in a lower cooling chamber 22 has been heated, does not flow into another lower cooling chamber 22.
  • the firing surface 18 of each cylinder experiences the same degree on cooling, giving better control of the middle one Temperature in the lower cooling chamber 22 and the ignition surface 18 will be produced. There are fewer variations of the Temperatures between the ignition surfaces 18 of the various Cylinder on.
  • the size of the annular channels 40 will be within Machining tolerances controlled instead of casting tolerances, causing variations in the size of channels 40 between the Cylinders can be controlled more precisely.
  • the precise control of the Size of the annular channel 40 is possible in that the Channels 40 are arranged in the inlet openings while a External access for machining the Bore surfaces is possible.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the connecting passage 50 are the result of connecting areas of the sand core, the forms the lower cooling chambers 22 in the block 12.
  • a bigger one Stability of the core can be provided be that the lower cooling chambers 22 with a small Connection forming the connection passages 50 connected becomes.

Abstract

A cylinder head for an engine having a two-plane water jacket in which a lower chamber at one plane through the head cools the fire deck of each cylinder and a cross-flow passage for the coolant is spaced above the lower chambers in a second plane through the head directs coolant to an outlet. The two planes of the water jacket are connected by an annular passage surrounding the injector nozzle sleeve and has machined surfaces whereby the size of the flow channel and thus the coolant flow between the two planes is better controlled to enable more even cooling of the fire deck resulting in less variability in fire deck temperature from one cylinder to one another. The lower chambers cooling the fire deck are separate for each cylinder to prevent heated coolant from one cylinder flowing to the next cylinder fire deck.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit wenigstens zwei Zylindern mit einer unteren Wand, die eine Zündfläche für jeden der Zylinder, und einem hohlen Inneren, das einen Kühlwassermantel bildet, sowie eine Brennkraftmaschine.The invention relates to a cylinder head for a Internal combustion engine with at least two cylinders with one bottom wall, which is an ignition surface for each of the cylinders, and a hollow interior that forms a cooling water jacket, and an internal combustion engine.

Schwere Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen weisen üblicherweise einen Kühlmittelmantel auf, welcher Kühlmittel in einem Zylinderkopf von einem an den oberen Totpunkt eines Zylinders angrenzenden Bereich, der am weitesten von einem Kühlmittelauslaß entfernt ist, durch den übrigen Zylinderkopf über entsprechende Bereiche der verbleibenden Zylinder zu dem Kühlmittelauslaß transportiert. Der Bereich des Zylinders, der dem Kühlmittelauslaß am nächsten angeordnet ist, ist demnach heißer als der entsprechende Bereich des Zylinders, der am weitesten von dem Kühlmittelauslaß entfernt ist.Heavy diesel engines usually have one Coolant jacket on what coolant in a cylinder head from one adjacent to the top dead center of a cylinder Area furthest away from a coolant outlet is, through the rest of the cylinder head over corresponding areas the remaining cylinder to the coolant outlet transported. The area of the cylinder that corresponds to the Coolant outlet is located closest is therefore hotter as the corresponding area of the cylinder, the farthest is removed from the coolant outlet.

Die US-A-4,291,650 zeigt einen Zylinderkopf mit einer Kühlmittelkammer, die durch eine Wandung in einen unteren und einen oberen Bereich geteilt wird. Die Wandung weist angrenzend an jede Verbrennungskammer eine Öffnung auf, die einen Kühlmittelaustausch zwischen dem oberen und dem unteren Bereich ermöglicht.US-A-4,291,650 shows a cylinder head with a Coolant chamber through a wall in a lower and an upper area is shared. The wall is adjacent to each combustion chamber an opening that one Coolant exchange between the upper and lower areas enables.

Das der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Problem wird darin gesehen, daß bekannte Zylinderköpfe eine ungleichmäßige Wärmeverteilung bezogen auf die zugeordneten Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine zur Verfügung stellen, so daß die Kühlung von Brennkraftmaschinen mit solchen Zylinderköpfen nicht optimal arbeitet.The problem underlying the invention is seen in that known cylinder heads have an uneven heat distribution based on the assigned cylinders of an internal combustion engine provide so that the cooling of Internal combustion engines with such cylinder heads are not optimal is working.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Lehre der Patentansprüche 1 bzw. 9 gelöst, wobei in den weiteren Patentansprüchen die Lösung in vorteilhafter Weise weiterentwickelnde Merkmale aufgeführt sind. This problem is solved according to the invention by the teaching of the claims 1 and 9 solved, wherein in the further claims Advantageously developing the solution Features are listed.

Auf diese Weise wird ein Kühlwassermantel mit zwei Ebenen zur Kühlung des Zylinderkopfs zur Verfügung gestellt. Die untere, leitende Kühlebene erlaubt es dem Kühlmittel, von dem Motorblock in den Zylinderkopf zu fließen, um die Zündfläche nur eines Zylinders zu kühlen. Das Kühlmittel fließt von der leitenden Kühlebene nach oben zu einer Transportebene, die einen Querstromkanal aufweist, der das Kühlmittel zu einer Öffnung leitet, ohne daß das Kühlmittel mit der direkten Kühlung der Zündfläche eines anderen Zylinders in Berührung kommt.In this way, a cooling water jacket with two levels Cooling of the cylinder head provided. The lower one conductive cooling level allows the coolant from which Engine block to flow into the cylinder head to the ignition surface to cool only one cylinder. The coolant flows from the conductive cooling level up to a transport level that has a cross-flow channel that the coolant to a Opening conducts without the coolant with the direct Cooling the ignition surface of another cylinder in contact is coming.

Zwischen der Kühlebene und der oberen Transportebene ist ein Kanal vorgesehen. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich hierbei um einen ringförmigen Kanal, der die Einspritzdüsenmanschetten umgibt. Hier ist ein Zugang zu den Bohrungsoberflächen von außerhalb des Zylinderkopfes möglich, so daß die Oberfläche der Bohrung maschinell bearbeitet werden kann. Da die Bohrungsoberfläche in dem Zylinderkopf sowie die Einspritzdüsenmanschettenoberflächen maschinell bearbeitet werden, liegt die Größe des Kanals innerhalb von Fertigungs- und nicht innerhalb von Gußtoleranzen. Dies resultiert in sehr geringen Durchflußvariationen von einem Zylinder zum anderen, wodurch eine gleichmäßige Kühlung der Zylinder hervorgerufen wird.There is a between the cooling level and the upper transport level Channel provided. This is preferably a annular channel that surrounds the injector sleeves. Here is access to the bore surfaces from outside of the cylinder head possible, so that the surface of the bore can be machined. Since the bore surface in the cylinder head and the injector sleeve surfaces machined, the size of the channel lies within manufacturing and not within Casting tolerances. This results in very little Flow variations from one cylinder to another, causing uniform cooling of the cylinders is brought about.

In der Zeichnung sind nachfolgend näher beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Schnittdarstellung eines Zylinderkopfs mit einem Kühlwassermantel entlang einer vertikalen Ebene,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittdarstellung des Zylinderkopfes entlang der Linie 2 - 2 aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie 3 - 3 aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
eine Schnittdarstellung entsprechend der Darstellung aus Fig. 2, die eine weitere Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung zeigt und
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Endbereiches des Zylinderkopfs.
In the drawing, embodiments of the invention described in more detail are shown below. It shows:
Fig. 1
1 shows a sectional illustration of a cylinder head with a cooling water jacket along a vertical plane,
Fig. 2
2 shows a sectional illustration of the cylinder head along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows a sectional illustration along the line 3 - 3 from FIG. 1,
Fig. 4
a sectional view corresponding to the illustration of FIG. 2, showing another embodiment of the present invention and
Fig. 5
a perspective view of an end portion of the cylinder head.

Mit Bezug auf Figur 1 wird ein Zylinderkopf entsprechend der vorliegenden Erfindung gezeigt und im wesentlichen mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 bezeichnet. Der Zylinderkopf 10 weist einen gußeisernen Block 12 auf, welcher mit einer Mehrzahl von Durchgängen in bekannter Weise gegossen ist. Die Durchgänge umfassen Bohrungen 14 zur Aufnahme von Schrauben, Bohrungen 16 für Kraftstoffzufuhreinrichtungen bzw. Einspritzdüsen, mehrere Durchgänge für Einlaß- und Auslaßventile (in den Figuren 2 und 3 gezeigt) wie auch Durchgänge, die einen Kühlwassermantel bilden, wie er im folgenden genauer beschrieben werden wird. Eine untere Wand 20 bildet die Unterseite des Zylinderkopfes 10, die den Bereich des oberen Totpunktes jedes Zylinders bildet und im folgenden als Zündfläche 18 bezeichnet wird. Die Zündfläche 18 bildet die Oberseite der Verbrennungskammer jedes Zylinders und ist der Bereich des Zylinderkopfes 10, der die meiste Kühlung erfordert. Der Kühlwassermantel des Zylinderkopfes 10 liefert eine leitende Kühlung der Zündfläche 18.With reference to Figure 1, a cylinder head corresponding to the shown present invention and essentially with the Reference number 10 denotes. The cylinder head 10 has one cast iron block 12, which with a plurality of Passages is poured in a known manner. The passages include holes 14 for receiving screws, holes 16 for fuel supply devices or injectors, several Passages for intake and exhaust valves (in Figures 2 and 3 shown) as well as passageways that have a cooling water jacket form as will be described in more detail below. A lower wall 20 forms the underside of the cylinder head 10, the area of top dead center of each cylinder forms and is referred to below as the ignition surface 18. The Ignition surface 18 forms the top of the combustion chamber each Cylinder and is the area of the cylinder head 10 that the most cooling required. The cooling water jacket of the Cylinder head 10 provides conductive cooling of the ignition surface 18th

Der Zylinderkopf 10 der vorliegenden Erfindung ist mit einem Kühlwassermantel versehen, der in zwei getrennten Ebenen des Zylinderkopfes 10 angeordnet ist. Eine untere, leitende Kühlebene weist eine untere Kammer 22 auf, die in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigt wird. Die untere Kammer 22 ist unmittelbar oberhalb der unteren Wand 20 des Zylinderkopfes 10 angeordnet, dessen Unterseite die Zündfläche 18 bildet. Die untere Kammer 22 ist im wesentlichen, wie es am besten in Figur 2 gesehen werden kann, rechteckig ausgebildet und weist in ihren vier Eckbereichen Kühlmitteleinlässe 24 auf, die Kühlflüssigkeit von dem Kühlwassermantel des Blocks 12 aufnehmen. Die untere Kammer 22 umschließt den Durchgang 26 zum Einlaß von Luft und den Durchgang 28 zum Auslaß von Abgasen. Obwohl die Erfindung an einem Antrieb mit zwei Einlaß- und zwei Auslaßventilen gezeigt wird, kann leicht wahrgenommen werden, daß der Zylinderkopf 10 der vorliegenden Erfindung an Antrieben mit mehr oder weniger Ventilen verwendet werden kann. Es erstrecken sich mehrere Abzweigungen 34 von der unteren Kammer 22, die durch Bereiche des Gußkerns gebildet wird, der den Kern in der Gußform hält. Die Abzweigungen 34 werden durch Verschlußstopfen (freeze plug) 48 verschlossen.The cylinder head 10 of the present invention is one Cooling jacket provided in two separate levels of the Cylinder head 10 is arranged. A lower, senior The cooling level has a lower chamber 22, which is shown in FIGS and 2 is shown. The lower chamber 22 is immediate arranged above the lower wall 20 of the cylinder head 10, the underside of which forms the ignition surface 18. The lower chamber 22 is essentially as best seen in Figure 2 can be rectangular and has four in its four Corner areas coolant inlets 24, the coolant from the cooling water jacket of block 12. The lower chamber 22 encloses the passage 26 for the inlet of air and the Passage 28 to exhaust gases. Although the invention a drive with two inlet and two outlet valves shown is easily perceived that the cylinder head 10th of the present invention on drives with more or less Valves can be used. There are several Branches 34 from the lower chamber 22 through areas of the mold core is formed, which holds the core in the mold. The branches 34 are closed by plugs (freeze plug) 48 closed.

Die untere Kammer 22 weist Abzweigungen 30 für einen Kühlmittelfluß zwischen den Durchgängen 26 und 28 zu dem Zentrum der unteren Kammer 22 auf, die die Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 umgibt. Die Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 ist in die Bohrungen 16 eingepaßt und erstreckt sich durch die Zündfläche 18. Eine Dichtung 35 ist zwischen der Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 und der unteren Wand 20 eingeformt, um ein Lecken von Kühlmittel aus der unteren Kammer 22 in die Verbrennungskammer darunter zu verhindern. Eine O-Ring Dichtung 47 dichtet das obere Ende der Düsenmanschette 32 gegen den Block 12 ab.The lower chamber 22 has branches 30 for one Coolant flow between passages 26 and 28 to the Center of the lower chamber 22 on the Injector sleeve 32 surrounds. The injector sleeve 32 is fitted into the bores 16 and extends through the ignition surface 18. A seal 35 is between the Injector sleeve 32 and the lower wall 20 molded, to leak coolant from the lower chamber 22 into the To prevent combustion chamber underneath. An O-ring seal 47 seals the upper end of the nozzle sleeve 32 against the Block 12 onwards.

Der Kühlmittelmantel weist weiter eine obere Transportebene auf, die einen Querstromkanal 36 und einen Verbindungsbereich 38 aufweist. Die Transportfläche ist mit der unteren Kühlfläche über einen ringförmigen Kanal 40 verbunden, der zwischen der Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 und einer Innenfläche 42 der Bohrung 16 eingeformt ist. Der Querstromkanal 36 wird in Figur 3 gezeigt und leitet Kühlmittel zu einem Reservoir 52 an einem Ende des Zylinderkopfes 10. Der Querstromkanal 36 ist ebenso mit Abzweigungen 54 versehen. Die Abzweigungen 54 werden durch Bereiche des Gußkerns gebildet, die den Kern in der Gußform halten. Diese Abzweigungen werden durch zusätzliche Verschlußstopfen 56 verschlossen. Figur 3 zeigt darüber hinaus die Lufteinlaß- und Abgasauslaß-Durchgänge 26, 28 durch den Zylinderkopf 10, wie auch die Ventilführungen 64, 66 für die Einlaß- und Auslaßventile. Das Reservoir 52 weist einen Umgehungsausgang 68 für einen Kühlmittelfluß, bei kaltem Antrieb auf, der durch einen nicht gezeigten Thermostat gesteuert wird, der in einer oberen Öffnung 70 in dem Reservoir 52 (in Fig. 5 dargestellt) angebracht ist. Bei einer anderen Öffnung in dem Reservoir 52 handelt es sich um den Kühlmittelauslaß 72 für aufgeheiztes Kühlmittel, das den Zylinderkopf 10 verläßt und wird ebenso mittels eines Thermostats gesteuert. Das Reservoir 52 weist ebenso einen Verschlußstopfen 74 auf.The coolant jacket also has an upper transport level on having a cross flow channel 36 and a connection area 38 has. The transport area is with the lower one Cooling surface connected via an annular channel 40, the between the injector sleeve 32 and an inner surface 42 of the bore 16 is formed. The cross flow channel 36 is in FIG. 3 shows and directs coolant to a reservoir 52 one end of the cylinder head 10. The cross flow passage 36 is also provided with branches 54. The branches 54 are formed by areas of the casting core, which the core in the Hold the mold. These branches are replaced by additional ones Sealing plug 56 closed. Figure 3 also shows the air inlet and exhaust outlet passages 26, 28 through the Cylinder head 10, as well as the valve guides 64, 66 for the Intake and exhaust valves. The reservoir 52 has one Bypass outlet 68 for coolant flow when cold Drive on by a thermostat, not shown is controlled in an upper opening 70 in the reservoir 52 (shown in Fig. 5) is attached. Another one Opening in the reservoir 52 is the Coolant outlet 72 for heated coolant that the Cylinder head 10 leaves and is also by means of a Thermostat controlled. The reservoir 52 also has one Plug 74 on.

Kühlmittel fließt in den Zylinderkopf 10 über die Einlässe 24 in den vier Eckbereichen der unteren Kammer 22. Das Kühlmittel fließt radial nach innen, um die Einlaß- und Auslaß-Durchgänge 26, 28 herum zu dem Zentrum der unteren Kammer 22 und zu dem ringförmigen Kanal 40. Dort steigt das Kühlmittel zu der Transportebene auf, wo das Kühlmittel durch den Verbindungsbereich 38 zu dem Querstromkanal 36 gelangt. Sobald es sich in dem Querstromkanal 36 befindet, wird das Kühlmittel zu dem Kühlmittelauslaß 72 am Ende des Zylinderkopfes 10 geleitet.Coolant flows into the cylinder head 10 via the inlets 24 in the four corner areas of the lower chamber 22. The coolant flows radially inward around the inlet and outlet passages 26, 28 to the center of the lower chamber 22 and to the annular channel 40. There the coolant rises to the Transport level where the coolant through the Connection area 38 reaches the cross-flow channel 36. As soon as it is in the cross-flow channel 36, the coolant to the coolant outlet 72 at the end of the cylinder head 10 headed.

Die untere, gerichtete Kühlmittelebene des Kühlmittelmantels weist eine untere Kühlkammer 22 für jeden Zylinder des mehrzylindrigen Antriebs auf, wobei die unteren Kühlkammern 22 voneinander getrennt angeordnet sind. Ein Bereich einer unteren Kühlkammer 22 eines angrenzenden Zylinders wird in Figur 2 gezeigt. Die angrenzenden unteren Kühlkammern 22 werden durch eine Wand in dem gegossenen Block 12 abgetrennt. Kühlmittel muß von der unteren Kühlkammer 22 durch den ringförmigen Kanal 40 zu der oberen Transportebene fließen, wo das Kühlmittel durch den Querstromkanal 36 zu der Öffnung 72 (Fig. 5) an einem Ende des Zylinderkopfes 10 geleitet wird.The lower, directed coolant level of the coolant jacket has a lower cooling chamber 22 for each cylinder of the Multi-cylinder drive, the lower cooling chambers 22nd are arranged separately from each other. An area of a lower one Cooling chamber 22 of an adjacent cylinder is shown in FIG. 2 shown. The adjacent lower cooling chambers 22 are through separated a wall in the cast block 12. Coolant must from the lower cooling chamber 22 through the annular channel 40 flow to the upper transport level where the coolant passes through the cross flow channel 36 to the opening 72 (FIG. 5) at one end of the cylinder head 10 is passed.

Kühlmittel, das von der Zündfläche in einer unteren Kühlkammer 22 erhitzt wurde, fließt nicht in eine andere untere Kühlkammer 22. Die Zündfläche 18 jedes Zylinders erfährt den gleichen Grad an Kühlung, wodurch eine bessere Steuerung der mittleren Temperatur in der unteren Kühlkammer 22 und der Zündfläche 18 hergestellt wird. Es treten geringere Variationen der Temperaturen zwischen den Zündflächen 18 der verschiedenen Zylinder auf.Coolant from the ignition surface in a lower cooling chamber 22 has been heated, does not flow into another lower cooling chamber 22. The firing surface 18 of each cylinder experiences the same degree on cooling, giving better control of the middle one Temperature in the lower cooling chamber 22 and the ignition surface 18 will be produced. There are fewer variations of the Temperatures between the ignition surfaces 18 of the various Cylinder on.

Ein Merkmal des Zylinderkopfes 10, das die Steuerung des Kühlmittelflusses durch den Zylinderkopf 10 verbessert, besteht darin, daß es sich bei der Innenfläche 42 der Bohrung 16 um eine bearbeitete Oberfläche handelt, wie dies auch die Außenfläche der Einspritzdüsenmanschette 32 ist. Die Größe der ringförmigen Kanäle 40 wird innerhalb von Bearbeitungstoleranzen anstelle von Gußtoleranzen gesteuert, wodurch Variationen in der Größe der Kanäle 40 zwischen den Zylindern genauer gesteuert werden. Die genaue Steuerung der Größe des ringförmigen Kanals 40 wird dadurch möglich, daß die Kanäle 40 in den Einlaßöffnungen angeordnet sind, während ein Zugang von außen für eine maschinelle Bearbeitung der Bohrungsoberflächen möglich ist.A feature of the cylinder head 10 that controls the Coolant flow through the cylinder head 10 improved, there in that it is the inner surface 42 of the bore 16 a machined surface acts like this Outer surface of the injector sleeve 32 is. The size of the annular channels 40 will be within Machining tolerances controlled instead of casting tolerances, causing variations in the size of channels 40 between the Cylinders can be controlled more precisely. The precise control of the Size of the annular channel 40 is possible in that the Channels 40 are arranged in the inlet openings while a External access for machining the Bore surfaces is possible.

Eine alternative Ausführungsform wird in Fig. 4 gezeigt. Dort wird eine kleine Verbindungspassage 50 durch die Wand 44 zwischen angrenzenden unteren Kühlkammern 22 auf einer oder beiden Seiten zur Verfügung gestellt. Die Verbindungspassage 50 sind das Ergebnis von Verbindungsbereichen des Sandkerns, der die unteren Kühlkammern 22 in dem Block 12 bildet. Eine größere Stabilität des Kerns kann dadurch zur Verfügung gestellt werden, daß die unteren Kühlkammern 22 mit einer kleinen Verbindung, die die Verbindungspassagen 50 bilden, verbunden wird. Durch den oben beschriebenen Kühlmittelfluß wird wahrscheinlich ein geringer Austausch von Kühlmittel von einer unteren Kühlkammer 22 zu einer anderen auftreten. Als Ergebnis können die oben beschriebenen Vorteile im wesentlichen erreicht werden, selbst wenn eine Verbindung zwischen angrenzenden, unteren Kühlkammern 22 vorhanden ist. An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 4. There becomes a small connecting passage 50 through wall 44 between adjacent lower cooling chambers 22 on one or made available to both sides. The connecting passage 50 are the result of connecting areas of the sand core, the forms the lower cooling chambers 22 in the block 12. A bigger one Stability of the core can be provided be that the lower cooling chambers 22 with a small Connection forming the connection passages 50 connected becomes. Through the coolant flow described above probably a little exchange of coolant from one lower cooling chamber 22 to another occur. As a result can essentially achieve the advantages described above even if there is a connection between adjacent, lower cooling chambers 22 is present.

Die Erfindung soll nicht auf die oben beschriebene Ausführungsform beschränkt sein, sondern nur durch die folgenden Ansprüche begrenzt werden.The invention is not intended to be as described above Be limited embodiment, but only by the following claims are limited.

Claims (9)

Zylinderkopf (10) für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit wenigstens zwei Zylindern mit einer unteren Wand, die eine Zündfläche (18) für jeden der Zylinder bildet, und einem hohlen Inneren, das einen Kühlwassermantel bildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kühlwassermantel eine untere, an die Zündflächen (18) angrenzende Kühlebene mit den Zylindern zugeordneten Kühlmitteleinlässen (24) und eine obere Transportebene mit wenigstens einem Kühlmittelauslaß (72) aufweist, und die untere Kühlebene mit der oberen Transportebene über den Zylindern zugeordnete Kanäle (40) in Verbindung steht.Cylinder head (10) for an internal combustion engine at least two cylinders with a bottom wall, one Ignition surface (18) for each of the cylinders, and one hollow interior that forms a cooling water jacket characterized in that the cooling water jacket has a lower one the ignition surfaces (18) adjacent cooling level with the Cylinder-assigned coolant inlets (24) and a upper transport level with at least one coolant outlet (72), and the lower cooling level with the upper Transport level above the channels assigned to the cylinders (40) communicates. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlebene an die Zündflächen (18) angrenzende Kühlkammern (22) aufweist.Cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling level adjoining the ignition surfaces (18) Has cooling chambers (22). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlkammern (22) zumindest im wesentlichen voneinander getrennt sind.Cylinder head according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling chambers (22) at least substantially apart are separated. Zylinderkopf nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einer der Kanäle (40) durch eine Bohrung mit einer vorzugsweise maschinell erzeugten Oberfläche gebildet wird.Cylinder head according to one or more of the previous ones Claims, characterized in that at least one the channels (40) through a bore with a preferably machined surface is formed. Zylinderkopf nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einer der Kanäle (40) zumindest im wesentlichen ringförmig ist.Cylinder head according to one or more of the previous ones Claims, characterized in that at least one the channels (40) are at least substantially annular. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Kanal (40) eine Einspritzdüsenmanschette (32) angeordnet ist. Cylinder head according to claim 4 or 5, characterized characterized in that in the channel (40) Injector sleeve (32) is arranged. Zylinderkopf nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einer der Kanäle (40) zumindest im wesentlichen im Zentrum einer Kühlkammer (22) abzweigt.Cylinder head according to one or more of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the channels (40) at least essentially in the center of a cooling chamber (22) branches. Zylinderkopf nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlkammer (22) eine Mehrzahl von Kühlmitteleinlässen (24) aufweist, die vorzugsweise möglichst weit von dem Kanal (40) entfernt in die Kühlkammer (22) münden und/oder daß die Kühlkammer (22) zumindest im wesentlichen rechteckig ausgebildet ist und die Kühlmitteleinlässe (24) vorzugsweise in Eckbereichen der Kühlkammer (22) münden.Cylinder head according to one or more of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the cooling chamber (22) a A plurality of coolant inlets (24), the preferably as far as possible from the channel (40) in the cooling chamber (22) open and / or that the cooling chamber (22) is at least substantially rectangular and the coolant inlets (24) preferably in Corner areas of the cooling chamber (22) open. Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Zylinderkopf (10) nach einem oder mehreren der vorherigen Ansprüche.Internal combustion engine with a cylinder head (10) after a or more of the preceding claims.
EP01102934A 2000-02-16 2001-02-08 Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine Revoked EP1126152B1 (en)

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US505022 2000-02-16
US09/505,022 US6279516B1 (en) 2000-02-16 2000-02-16 Cylinder head with two-plane water jacket

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AT414023B (en) * 2003-11-03 2006-08-15 Avl List Gmbh CYLINDER HEAD FOR A LIQUID-COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
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AT414022B (en) * 2004-05-04 2006-08-15 Avl List Gmbh Liquid cooled internal combustion engine has housing shaft for injection device encompassed by annular cooling chamber adjoining combustion deck and connected to second cooling chamber via connecting passage
AT500628B1 (en) * 2005-11-04 2007-12-15 Avl List Gmbh CYLINDER HEAD FOR A LIQUID-COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
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EP1126152A3 (en) 2002-06-05
CA2327642C (en) 2003-03-18
CA2327642A1 (en) 2001-08-16
ZA200101287B (en) 2002-08-15
US6279516B1 (en) 2001-08-28
ATE339609T1 (en) 2006-10-15
EP1126152B1 (en) 2006-09-13
DE50110973D1 (en) 2006-10-26

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