EP1124243B1 - Circuit breaker - Google Patents

Circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1124243B1
EP1124243B1 EP01810092A EP01810092A EP1124243B1 EP 1124243 B1 EP1124243 B1 EP 1124243B1 EP 01810092 A EP01810092 A EP 01810092A EP 01810092 A EP01810092 A EP 01810092A EP 1124243 B1 EP1124243 B1 EP 1124243B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current contacts
rated current
disconnection
power breaker
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01810092A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1124243A2 (en
EP1124243A3 (en
Inventor
Olaf Hunger
Lukas Zehnder
Luc Rieffel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
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Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Publication of EP1124243A2 publication Critical patent/EP1124243A2/en
Publication of EP1124243A3 publication Critical patent/EP1124243A3/en
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Publication of EP1124243B1 publication Critical patent/EP1124243B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/904—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism characterised by the transmission between operating mechanism and piston or movable contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • a circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from the two published documents DE 196 13 568 A1 and DE 196 13 569 A1, which can be used in an electrical high-voltage network, in particular also as a generator switch.
  • This circuit breaker has a cylindrical quenching chamber that is filled with SF 6 gas as the quenching and insulating medium.
  • This quenching chamber has a power current path, in which the erosion-resistant erosion contacts are located, which are connected by a bridging contact in the switched-on state, and also have a separate nominal current path equipped with the nominal current contacts.
  • the contacts in the two current paths are actuated by a drive via a lever linkage, the lever linkage being designed such that the rated current contacts can always be moved at a lower speed than the bridging contact.
  • the rated current contacts and the bypass contact run together, however, the rated current path is always interrupted first, after which the current to be switched off commutates to the power current path. The power current path then continues the current until it is definitely switched off. Circuit breakers of this type generally require a comparatively high drive energy. At the end of the switch-off stroke of the contacts, the kinetic energy of the moving parts, in particular that of the nominal current contacts, which have a comparatively large mass, must be damped in a complex manner.
  • circuit breaker is a lower Drive energy needed and therefore with a weaker and therefore cheaper drive can be equipped.
  • the circuit breaker is provided with at least one quenching chamber which is filled with an insulating medium, in particular SF 6 gas, is rotationally symmetrical and extends along a longitudinal axis.
  • the quenching chamber has a power current path with a central switching pin and a separate nominal current path provided with nominal current contacts.
  • the quenching chamber is operated with a drive linkage that moves the switch pin and the rated current contacts.
  • the drive linkage is designed so that at the beginning of the switch-off process the switching pin remains in a first dead center position until the rated current path is interrupted.
  • the switching pin can then be moved in the switch-off direction at a significantly higher speed than the rated current contacts.
  • the rated current contacts run into a second dead center position towards the end of their switch-off stroke.
  • the switching pin only reaches its switch-off position after the rated current contacts have ended their switch-off movement.
  • the rated current contacts remain in this second dead center position until the switch-on arc has pre-ignited. In this way, the nominal current contacts are advantageously protected from damage by an arc.
  • the circuit breaker has at least one first piston-cylinder arrangement, which is coupled to the rated current contacts and in which part of the insulating medium filling the arcing chamber is pressurized in a compression volume by a piston when it is switched off.
  • the pressurized insulating medium produced in this way often this is SF 6 gas, is used to support the blowing of the arc, which advantageously improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker, in particular even with small breaking currents.
  • this Circuit breakers at least part of the kinetic energy, which the nominal current contacts towards the end of their switch-off stroke have, with the help of the drive linkage for acceleration of the switch pin and for moving one with the Switching pin connected compression piston is usable. If this advantage can be exploited, the drive can be essential be dimensioned weaker, which is also priced has a favorable effect.
  • Fig. 1 shows a partial section through a first Embodiment of a highly simplified Circuit breaker 1 in the open state.
  • the Circuit breaker 1 has an arcing chamber 2, which here extends along a common longitudinal axis 3 and is arranged concentrically to this.
  • the extinguishing chamber 2 is from a drive, not shown, over a Drive linkage 4 driven. Can drive for example a conventional energy storage drive be provided.
  • the extinguishing chamber 2 is also on the drive side a pressure-tight arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis 3
  • Metallic housing 5 connected to the drive linkage 4 encloses and which on the extinguishing chamber 2 opposite side with connections, not shown, for the Current supply is provided.
  • the housing 5 encloses first exhaust volume 6.
  • the quenching chamber 2 is connected to a pressure-tight metallic exhaust housing 7 which is arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis 3 and which is provided on the side facing away from the quenching chamber 2 with connections (not shown) for the current supply.
  • the exhaust housing 7 encloses a second exhaust volume 8.
  • the housing 5 and the exhaust housing 7 are rigidly and pressure-tightly connected to one another by means of a pressure-tight insulating tube 9 arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis 3, the volume enclosed by these components being filled with SF 6 gas, which is pressurized.
  • SF 6 gas which is pressurized.
  • the housing 5 and the exhaust housing 7 are supported by insulating supports, not shown, and insulated from earth.
  • the power transmission from the drive to the drive linkage 4 takes place by means of an electrically insulating component.
  • the arcing chamber 2 has a nominal current path and parallel to it an axially extending power path located in the center on.
  • the nominal current path leads when the Circuit breaker 1 from the exhaust housing 7 via a molded annular contact pad 10, axially movable current contacts 11 to one on the housing 5 molded contact pad 12 and through the housing 5.
  • the power current path leads when the Circuit breaker 1 from the exhaust housing 7 via a Contact finger arrangement 13, one as a bridging contact serving centrally located switching pin 14, in a connected to the housing 5 in an electrically conductive manner Contact holder 15, in which spiral contacts 16 are inserted are on and through the housing 5. Through the Only then does the power current flow significantly Current when the nominal current path is interrupted.
  • the nominal current contacts 11 are actuated via a the drive linkage 4 connected ring 17, which only here is indicated schematically.
  • the ring 17 is on several Circumferentially distributed plungers 18 with those in an outer Extinguishing chamber volume 19 arranged movably Rated current contacts 11 mechanically connected.
  • the ram 18 are in corresponding openings in the fire chamber 2 facing end wall of the housing 5 out.
  • the ring 17 is also connected to piston rods 20, which also in corresponding breakthroughs in the arcing chamber 2 facing end wall of the housing 5 are guided.
  • the Piston rods 20 are each connected to a piston 21, which each have a cylindrical compression volume 22 separates from the outer quenching chamber volume 19.
  • Each compression volume 22 is by means of a flow channel 23 connected to a common storage volume 24.
  • the Storage volume 24 is the inner volume of the arcing chamber view, which is formed by means of a cylindrical electrically insulating partition 25 pressure-tight from the outer quench chamber volume 19 is separated.
  • an arc zone 26 is provided in the center of the Storage volume 24 in the area between the erosion-resistant Contact finger assembly 13 and the tip of the switching pin 14 .
  • an arc zone 26 is provided in the center of the Contact finger arrangement 13, an opening 27 is provided, which the arc zone 26 with the exhaust volume 8th combines.
  • Another opening 28 which is the drive Breaks away from the end wall of the housing 5, connects the Arc zone 26 with the exhaust volume 6. Im immediately on the area adjoining the arc 26 is this Opening 28 with a nozzle-like lining 29 made of an insulating material, for example made of PTFE, which the switching pin 14 in the ON position comparatively closely encloses.
  • the switching pin 14 is on the drive side with a piston 30 connected, which slides in a cylinder 31.
  • the cylinder 31 is on the end wall of the housing 5 facing away from the drive formed. Is on the drive side of the piston 30 a compression volume 32 is provided, which is immediately before reaching the switch-off position to dampen the movement the switching pin 14 is used. During the rest of the Switch-off movement of the switching pin 14 is that Compression volume 32 by means of flow channels 33 with the Storage volume 24 connected.
  • the drive linkage 4 has four fixed axes of rotation 34, 35, 36 and 37, which run parallel to each other.
  • the Axes of rotation 34, 35, 36 and 37 are perpendicular to 1 and thus to the longitudinal axis 3.
  • Die Rotation axis 34 is the axis of a rotation shaft, not shown Made of electrically insulating material, the apex of one Angle lever 38 rigid with that, not shown Earth potential drive connects.
  • This electric insulating rotary shaft is made by means of a pressure-tight Rotary lead through the wall of the housing 5.
  • the metallic angle lever 38 has at the ends of it two pivot points 39 and 40 on both legs.
  • To the Pivotal point 39 is a lever 41 of a first linkage hinged, the angle lever 38 with a fulcrum 42 one apex rotating about the fixed axis of rotation 35 Angle lever 43 connects.
  • the fulcrum 42 is at the end one of the legs of the angle lever 43, the other Leg has a second pivot point 44 at its end, to which a lever 45 is articulated.
  • the other side of the Lever 45 is connected to ring 17 by means of a pivot point 46 hinged. In order to actuate the ring 17 without tilting ensure, this lever connection described with the Ring 17 at two opposite points intended. This is described from FIG. 3 Lever connection with the ring 17 can be seen better.
  • a lever 47 one articulated second part of the linkage, the with the angle lever 38 a fulcrum 48 one about the fixed axis of rotation 36 rotating apex of an angle lever 49 connects.
  • the Pivot 48 lies at the end of one of the legs of the angle lever 49, the other leg at the end of a second Has fulcrum 50 to which a lever 51 is articulated, the angle lever 49 with a movable fulcrum 52 one rotating around the fixed axis of rotation 37
  • Angle lever 53 connects.
  • the axis of rotation 37 is at the end a leg of the angle lever 53 connected.
  • the fulcrum 52 lies in the apex of the angle lever 53, while another Pivotal point 54 at the end of the other leg of the angle lever 53 is provided. At this further pivot 54 is a lever 55 hinged, the angle lever 53 with a pivot point 56th combines. The fulcrum 56 is at the drive end of the in the axial direction movable switching pin 14 attached.
  • the drive linkage 4 is designed so that the Always switch off those actuated by the first linkage First open the nominal current contacts 11 and the nominal current path interrupt, only then is it first in a Dead center position switching pin 14 by the second Partial boom actuated.
  • the total stroke and the middle Speed of the switching pin 14 is always greater than that Total stroke and the average speed of the Rated current contacts 11.
  • the switching pin 14 moves an acceleration phase with a much larger one maximum speed, it is in the range of about 10 m / sec to 20 m / sec, than the nominal current contacts 11, which deal with maximum speeds in the range of about 2 m / sec to 6 move m / sec.
  • the switching pin 14 When switching on, the switching pin 14 always moves first and closes the circuit, the nominal current contacts 11, which initially remain in a dead center position, only switch on after this.
  • the movement profiles when switched off are shown in FIG. 6 as a function of time.
  • the curve A of FIG. 6 represents the movement of the drive which covers the stroke H 3
  • the curve B represents the movement of the nominal current contacts 11 or the pistons 21 which cover the stroke H 1
  • the curve C represents the Movement of the switching pin 14, which travels the stroke H 2 . It is clearly evident that the switching pin 14 travels a much larger stroke than the rated current contacts 11 and that it moves at a significantly higher maximum speed than the rated current contacts 11.
  • FIG. 2 shows the greatly simplified first embodiment of the circuit breaker 1 in the switched-on state. 6 corresponds to the time T 1 .
  • the angle lever 38 was rotated counterclockwise by the drive in order to move the circuit breaker 1 from the open position shown in FIG. 1 to the open position shown in FIG. 2.
  • the angle lever 38 is turned clockwise, the circuit breaker 1 is switched off.
  • the drive linkage 4 can be very easily and continuously adapted to the requirements regarding stroke and speed of the switch type to be driven , For further adjustments, the other components of the drive linkage 4 can also be modified accordingly.
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 show different striking positions of the circuit breaker 1 in the course of its opening movement.
  • 3 shows the circuit breaker 1 in the position immediately after the nominal current path has been interrupted, the nominal current contacts 11 have just separated from the contact pad 10, in FIG. 6 this corresponds to the time T 2 .
  • the angle lever 38 has rotated somewhat counterclockwise, the ring 17, and with it the nominal current contacts 11 and the pistons 21, moves in the direction of the arrow 57 parallel to the longitudinal axis 3.
  • the power transmission takes place from the angle lever 38 via the lever 41, the Angle lever 43 and the lever 45 on a rigidly connected to the ring 17 tab 58, in which the fulcrum 46 is mounted.
  • the nominal current contacts 11 and the piston or pistons 21 move comparatively slowly further in the switch-off direction, but as soon as the dead center of the second partial linkage has been overcome, the switching pin 14 begins, as can be seen from FIG. 4, with a comparatively high maximum speed Ausschalthub. 6 corresponds to the time T 3 .
  • the piston 30 compresses the insulating medium in the compression volume 32. As an arrow 60 indicates, the pressurized medium flows through the flow channels 33 from the compression volume 32 into the storage volume 24, where it is initially stored.
  • FIG. 5 shows the circuit breaker 1 immediately after the contact separation in the power circuit, between the erosion-resistant contact finger arrangement 13 and the switching pin 14 an arc 61 burns and heats the arc zone 26 and with it the storage volume 24.
  • part of the hot gas already flows out of the arc zone 26 into the exhaust volume 8 through the opening 27. 6 corresponds to the time T 4 .
  • the nominal current contacts 11 and the pistons 21 have already reached their definite switch-off position, so that no pressurized insulating medium flows into the storage volume 24 from the compression volumes 22.
  • the piston 30 connected to the switching pin 14 compresses the insulating medium in the compression volume 32 and it flows through the flow channels 33 into the storage volume 24 in order to support the blowing of the arc 61 if the prevailing pressure conditions permit this.
  • the switching pin 14 now moves further in the switch-off direction and then opens the opening 28, which enables an additional flow of the hot gases from the arc zone 26 into the exhaust volume 6.
  • the cooling of the arc 61 is particularly intensive in this area, so that as a rule the same is extinguished before the switching pin 14 has reached its definite switch-off position.
  • the piston 30 closes the entrances to the flow channels 33, so that from now on the remainder of the compression volume 32 can be used as a pneumatic damping volume in order to effectively dampen the remaining kinetic energy of the switching pin 14 when the switch-off position is reached.
  • the switch-off position shown in FIG. 1 is definitely reached at time T 5 .
  • the opening movement of the circuit breaker 1 runs reversed as the switch-off movement described above. at The rated current contacts remain at the start of the switch-on process 11 in a dead center position until the pre-ignition of the Switch-on arc between the one already moving Switch pin 14 and the erosion-resistant Contact finger assembly 13 is done. Only then do they run start in the switch-on direction, they close the nominal circuit however only when the switch-on arc is no longer burns, i.e. when the switching pin 14 in the Contact finger assembly 13 has run in.
  • a second embodiment of the circuit breaker 1 is shown in the switched-on state in FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c. 6, this position corresponds to the time T 1 .
  • the arcing chamber 2 and the exhaust housing 7 are constructed the same as in the first embodiment.
  • a partially perforated intermediate wall 62 which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 3, has additionally been inserted into the housing 5.
  • the exhaust volume 6 thus extends to that side of the intermediate wall 62 which faces away from the extinguishing chamber 2.
  • the exhaust volume 6 is closed off by a wall 63 which is molded onto the housing 5 in a pressure-tight manner and extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 3.
  • the intermediate wall 62 and the wall 63 are, as in Fig. 7a, exactly opposite and parallel to each other to each other guide grooves 64 and 65 embedded, which as Serve guide for a backdrop plate 66.
  • the guide grooves 64 and 65 run radially to the longitudinal axis 3.
  • This Link plate 66 is by means of an electrically insulating Tie rod 67 connected to the drive, not shown, and is movable upwards in the direction of arrow 68.
  • the Pull rod 67 becomes pressure-tight through the wall of housing 5 passed.
  • Guide grooves are in the link plate 66 69 and 70 milled, in which the end of a bolt 71st to be led.
  • the bolt 71 is on one side with the Switch pin 14 rigidly connected holding fork 72 attached.
  • the holding fork 72 comprises the Link plate 66, so that the bolt 71 from above into the Guide grooves 69 and 70 can engage.
  • the holding fork 72 is designed so that the bolt 71 does not engage in the Guide grooves 69 and 70 can lose.
  • the holding fork 72 is guided in the intermediate wall 62 in the axial direction.
  • the Intermediate wall 62 and wall 63 parallel to the guide grooves 64 and 65 and spaced apart from these further guide grooves 73 and 74 embedded, which as a guide for a backdrop plate 75 serve.
  • This backdrop plate 75 is by means of a electrically insulating tie rod 76 with the not shown drive connected and is in the direction of the arrow 77 mobile.
  • the pull rod 76 becomes pressure tight through the wall of the housing 5 passed.
  • Guide grooves 78 and 79 milled in which the end of a Bolzens 80 is performed.
  • the bolt 80 is one-sided in one attached to the ring 17 rigidly connected holding fork 81.
  • the holding fork 81 comprises the Link plate 75, so that the bolt 80 from above into the Guide grooves 78 and 79 can engage.
  • the holding fork 81 is designed so that the bolt 80 does not engage in the Guide grooves 78 and 79 can lose.
  • the holding fork 81 is guided in the intermediate wall 62 in the axial direction.
  • the link plate 66 is for actuation of the switching pin 14 is shown schematically.
  • Arrows 83 in the guide groove 69 indicate the direction in which the bolt 71 is moved when the link plate 66 when switching off of the circuit breaker 1 is pulled up. With the Bolt 71 becomes the holding fork 72 and with it the switching pin 14 moved axially in the switch-off direction. The speed of the Drive and the curve shape of the guide groove 69 is selected so that the switching pin 14 which in Fig. 6 in curve C shown movement completed.
  • the link plate 75 is for actuation the nominal current contacts 11 and the piston 21 schematically shown.
  • the arrow 87 in the guide groove 78 indicates that Direction in which the pin 80 is moved when the Link plate 75 when the circuit breaker is switched off 1 is pulled up.
  • the speed of the drive and the curve shape of the Guide groove 78 is selected so that the ring 17 and with it the nominal current contacts 11 in curve 6 in FIG. 6 shown movement completed.
  • a valve acted upon by a spring, not shown 88 pressed against the force of this spring to the side so that the bolt 80 can pass.
  • FIGS. 9a and 9b show the circuit breaker 1 in the position which corresponds approximately to the time T 4 in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 9a shows the actuation of the switching pin 14 and FIG. 9b the nominal current contacts 11 in a dead center position.
  • An arc 61 burns between the erosion-resistant contact finger arrangement 13 and the switching pin 14 and heats the arc zone 26 and with it the storage volume 24. However, part of the hot gas is already flowing out of the arc zone 26, etc., as described earlier.
  • FIGS. 10a and 10b show the second embodiment of the circuit breaker 1, shown in a highly simplified manner, in the definitely switched-off state.
  • the circuit breaker 1 is for particularly large currents, especially large nominal currents and short-circuit currents, designed, such as in a power plant in Area after the generator can occur. Especially when in In the event of a fault, large short-circuit currents flow Stray currents in all metal parts near the current path to count. It therefore proves useful to avoid from consequential damage caused by stray current the metal parts of the Train drive linkage 4 so that they are metallic can't touch.
  • the movement sequences described can also be done by means of a hydraulic drive can be achieved very easily. On such drive is particularly advantageous where already hydraulic controls can be used for other purposes, as is the case in many power plants, so none separate hydraulic system must be created so that a other inexpensive drive variants can be used.

Abstract

Power switch comprises an explosion chamber (2) with a driving linkage (4) which operates an operating pin (14) and nominal current contacts (11). The linkage is arranged so that at the start of the start of the disconnecting process the operating pin remains in a first dead center position until the nominal current path is broken. The operating pin is then moved into the switching direction at a higher average speed than the nominal current contacts which run against the ends of its disconnecting dispersion into a second dead center position. The operating pin reaches its disconnecting position only after the nominal current contacts have ended their disconnecting movement. Preferred Features - At the start of the switching process, the nominal current contacts remain in the second dead center position until the pre-ignition of the arc on closure is carried out.

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Leistungsschalter gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a circuit breaker according to the Preamble of claim 1.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Aus den beiden Offenlegungsschriften DE 196 13 568 A1 und DE 196 13 569 A1 ist ein Leistungsschalter gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 bekannt, der in einem elektrischen Hochspannungsnetz eingesetzt werden kann, insbesondere auch als Generatorschalter. Dieser Leistungsschalter weist eine zylindrisch ausgebildete Löschkammer auf, die mit SF6-Gas als Lösch- und Isoliermedium gefüllt ist. Diese Löschkammer weist eine Leistungsstrombahn auf, in welcher die abbrandfesten Abbrandkontakte liegen, die im Einschaltzustand durch einen Überbrückungskontakt verbunden sind, ferner weist sie eine separate, mit den Nennstromkontakten bestückte Nennstrombahn auf. Die Kontakte in den beiden Strombahnen werden über ein Hebelgestänge von einem Antrieb betätigt, wobei das Hebelgestänge so ausgelegt ist, dass die Nennstromkontakte stets mit einer kleineren Geschwindigkeit als der Überbrückungskontakt beweglich sind. Beim Ausschalten laufen die Nennstromkontakte und der Überbrückungskontakt gemeinsam los, jedoch wird stets zuerst die Nennstrombahn unterbrochen, worauf der abzuschaltende Strom auf die Leistungsstrombahn kommutiert. Die Leistungsstrombahn führt dann den Strom weiter bis zu dessen definitiver Abschaltung. Derartige Leistungsschalter benötigen in der Regel eine vergleichsweise hohe Antriebsenergie. Am Ende des Ausschalthubes der Kontakte muss die kinetische Energie der bewegten Teile, insbesondere die der eine vergleichsweise grosse Masse aufweisenden Nennstromkontakte, aufwendig abgedämpft werden.A circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from the two published documents DE 196 13 568 A1 and DE 196 13 569 A1, which can be used in an electrical high-voltage network, in particular also as a generator switch. This circuit breaker has a cylindrical quenching chamber that is filled with SF 6 gas as the quenching and insulating medium. This quenching chamber has a power current path, in which the erosion-resistant erosion contacts are located, which are connected by a bridging contact in the switched-on state, and also have a separate nominal current path equipped with the nominal current contacts. The contacts in the two current paths are actuated by a drive via a lever linkage, the lever linkage being designed such that the rated current contacts can always be moved at a lower speed than the bridging contact. When switching off, the rated current contacts and the bypass contact run together, however, the rated current path is always interrupted first, after which the current to be switched off commutates to the power current path. The power current path then continues the current until it is definitely switched off. Circuit breakers of this type generally require a comparatively high drive energy. At the end of the switch-off stroke of the contacts, the kinetic energy of the moving parts, in particular that of the nominal current contacts, which have a comparatively large mass, must be damped in a complex manner.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Die Erfindung, wie sie in den unabhängigen Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, löst die Aufgabe, einen Leistungsschalter zu schaffen, der preisgünstig zu erstellen ist.The invention as set out in the independent claims is marked, solves the task of a circuit breaker to create that is inexpensive to create.

Die durch die Erfindung erreichten Vorteile sind darin zu sehen, dass der Leistungsschalter eine geringere Antriebsenergie benötigt und daher mit einem schwächeren und deshalb preisgünstigeren Antrieb ausgerüstet werden kann.The advantages achieved by the invention are there too see that the circuit breaker is a lower Drive energy needed and therefore with a weaker and therefore cheaper drive can be equipped.

Der Leistungsschalter ist mit mindestens einer mit einem isolierenden Medium, insbesondere SF6-Gas, gefüllten, rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildeten, entlang einer Längsachse erstreckten Löschkammer versehen. Die Löschkammer weist eine Leistungsstrombahn mit einem zentralen Schaltstift und eine separate, mit Nennstromkontakten versehene Nennstrombahn auf. Die Löschkammer wird mit einem Antriebsgestänge betätigt, welches den Schaltstift und die Nennstromkontakte bewegt. Das Antriebsgestänge ist so ausgelegt, dass am Beginn des Ausschaltvorgangs der Schaltstift solange in einer ersten Totpunktstellung verbleibt, bis die Nennstrombahn unterbrochen ist. Der Schaltstift ist danach mit einer wesentlich höheren Geschwindigkeit in die Ausschaltrichtung bewegbar als die Nennstromkontakte. Die Nennstromkontakte laufen gegen Ende ihres Ausschalthubes in eine zweite Totpunktstellung ein. Der Schaltstift erreicht erst nachdem die Nennstromkontakte ihre Ausschaltbewegung beendet haben seine Ausschaltstellung. Bei Beginn des Einschaltvorgangs verbleiben die Nennstromkontakte solange in dieser zweiten Totpunktstellung, bis die Vorzündung des Einschaltlichtbogens erfolgt ist. Die Nennstromkontakte werden auf diese Art vorteilhaft vor Beschädigungen durch einen Lichtbogen geschützt.The circuit breaker is provided with at least one quenching chamber which is filled with an insulating medium, in particular SF 6 gas, is rotationally symmetrical and extends along a longitudinal axis. The quenching chamber has a power current path with a central switching pin and a separate nominal current path provided with nominal current contacts. The quenching chamber is operated with a drive linkage that moves the switch pin and the rated current contacts. The drive linkage is designed so that at the beginning of the switch-off process the switching pin remains in a first dead center position until the rated current path is interrupted. The switching pin can then be moved in the switch-off direction at a significantly higher speed than the rated current contacts. The rated current contacts run into a second dead center position towards the end of their switch-off stroke. The switching pin only reaches its switch-off position after the rated current contacts have ended their switch-off movement. At the start of the switch-on process, the rated current contacts remain in this second dead center position until the switch-on arc has pre-ignited. In this way, the nominal current contacts are advantageously protected from damage by an arc.

Der Leistungsschalter weist mindestens eine gekoppelt mit den Nennstromkontakten bewegliche erste Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung auf, in welcher ein Teil des die Löschkammer füllenden isolierenden Mediums in einem Kompressionsvolumen durch einen Kolben beim Ausschalten druckbeaufschlagt wird. Das so erzeugte druckbeaufschlagte isolierende Medium, häufig ist dies SF6-Gas, wird zur Unterstützung der Beblasung des Lichtbogens verwendet, wodurch das Ausschaltvermögen des Leistungsschalters vorteilhaft verbessert wird, insbesondere auch bei kleinen Abschaltströmen.The circuit breaker has at least one first piston-cylinder arrangement, which is coupled to the rated current contacts and in which part of the insulating medium filling the arcing chamber is pressurized in a compression volume by a piston when it is switched off. The pressurized insulating medium produced in this way, often this is SF 6 gas, is used to support the blowing of the arc, which advantageously improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker, in particular even with small breaking currents.

Als besonders vorteilhaft wirkt es sich aus, dass bei diesem Leistungsschalter zumindest ein Teil der kinetischen Energie, welche die Nennstromkontakte gegen Ende ihres Ausschalthubes haben, mit Hilfe des Antriebsgestänges für die Beschleunigung des Schaltstifts und für die Bewegung eines mit dem Schaltstift verbundenen Kompressionskolbens nutzbar ist. Wenn dieser Vorteil ausgenutzt wird, kann der Antrieb wesentlich schwächer dimensioniert werden, was sich auch preislich günstig auswirkt.It is particularly advantageous that this Circuit breakers at least part of the kinetic energy, which the nominal current contacts towards the end of their switch-off stroke have, with the help of the drive linkage for acceleration of the switch pin and for moving one with the Switching pin connected compression piston is usable. If this advantage can be exploited, the drive can be essential be dimensioned weaker, which is also priced has a favorable effect.

Die weiteren Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.The further refinements of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.

Die Erfindung, ihre Weiterbildung und die damit erzielbaren Vorteile werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung, welche lediglich einen möglichen Ausführungsweg darstellt, näher erläutert. The invention, its further development and the achievable with it Advantages are shown below using the drawing, which represents only one possible way of execution, closer explained.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Teilschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform eines stark vereinfacht dargestellten Leistungsschalters im ausgeschalteten Zustand,
  • Fig. 2 diese Ausführungsform des stark vereinfacht dargestellten Leistungsschalters im eingeschalteten Zustand,
  • Figuren 3, 4 und 5 verschiedene markante Positionen der ersten Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters im Verlauf seiner Ausschaltbewegung,
  • Fig. 6 den Bewegungsablauf einer Ausschaltung der ersten Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters,
  • Figuren 7a, 7b und 7c jeweils einen Teilschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform eines stark vereinfacht dargestellten Leistungsschalters im eingeschalteten Zustand,
  • Figuren 8a und 8b stark vereinfachte konstruktive Details der zweiten Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters,
  • Figuren 9a, 9b, 10a und 10b zwei markante Positionen der zweiten Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters im Verlauf seiner Ausschaltbewegung.
    • Show it:
  • 1 is a partial section through a first embodiment of a circuit breaker shown in a greatly simplified manner in the switched-off state,
  • 2 this embodiment of the circuit breaker shown in a highly simplified manner in the switched-on state,
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 different striking positions of the first embodiment of the circuit breaker in the course of its opening movement,
  • 6 shows the sequence of movements of an opening of the first embodiment of the circuit breaker,
  • FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c each show a partial section through a second embodiment of a circuit breaker shown in greatly simplified form in the switched-on state,
  • FIGS. 8a and 8b greatly simplified structural details of the second embodiment of the circuit breaker,
  • Figures 9a, 9b, 10a and 10b two distinctive positions of the second embodiment of the circuit breaker in the course of its opening movement.

    • Bei allen Figuren sind gleich wirkende Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Alle für das unmittelbare Verständnis der Erfindung nicht erforderlichen Elemente sind nicht dargestellt bzw. nicht beschrieben. In all figures, elements with the same effect are the same Provide reference numerals. All for immediate understanding Elements not required by the invention are not shown or not described.

    WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

    Die Fig. 1 zeigt einen Teilschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform eines stark vereinfacht dargestellten Leistungsschalters 1 im ausgeschalteten Zustand. Der Leistungsschalter 1 weist eine Löschkammer 2 auf, die hier entlang einer gemeinsamen Längsachse 3 erstreckt montiert und konzentrisch zu dieser angeordnet ist. Die Löschkammer 2 wird von einem nicht dargestellten Antrieb über ein Antriebsgestänge 4 angetrieben. Als Antrieb kann beispielsweise ein herkömmlicher Kraftspeicherantrieb vorgesehen werden. Antriebsseitig ist die Löschkammer 2 mit einem konzentrisch zur Längsachse 3 angeordneten, druckdichten metallischen Gehäuse 5 verbunden, welches das Antriebsgestänge 4 umschliesst und welches auf der der Löschkammer 2 abgewandten Seite mit nicht dargestellten Anschlüssen für die Stromführung versehen ist. Das Gehäuse 5 umschliesst ein erstes Auspuffvolumen 6.Fig. 1 shows a partial section through a first Embodiment of a highly simplified Circuit breaker 1 in the open state. The Circuit breaker 1 has an arcing chamber 2, which here extends along a common longitudinal axis 3 and is arranged concentrically to this. The extinguishing chamber 2 is from a drive, not shown, over a Drive linkage 4 driven. Can drive for example a conventional energy storage drive be provided. The extinguishing chamber 2 is also on the drive side a pressure-tight arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis 3 Metallic housing 5 connected to the drive linkage 4 encloses and which on the extinguishing chamber 2 opposite side with connections, not shown, for the Current supply is provided. The housing 5 encloses first exhaust volume 6.

    Auf der dem Antrieb abgewandten Seite ist die Löschkammer 2 mit einem konzentrisch zur Längsachse 3 angeordneten, druckdichten metallischen Auspuffgehäuse 7 verbunden, welches auf der der Löschkammer 2 abgewandten Seite mit nicht dargestellten Anschlüssen für die Stromführung versehen ist. Das Auspuffgehäuse 7 umschliesst ein zweites Auspuffvolumen 8. Das Gehäuse 5 und das Auspuffgehäuse 7 sind mittels eines druckdichten, konzentrisch zur Längsachse 3 angeordneten Isolierrohres 9 starr und druckdicht miteinander verbunden, wobei das durch diese Bauteile umschlossene Volumen mit SF6-Gas gefüllt ist, welches mit Druck beaufschlagt ist. Für diesen Leistungsschalter 1 ist, je nach zu erwartender Aussentemperatur, ein Fülldruck im Bereich von etwa 5 bar bis 8 bar vorgesehen. Das Gehäuse 5 und das Auspuffgehäuse 7 werden durch nicht dargestellte isolierende Stützer getragen und gegen Erde isoliert. Die Kraftübertragung vom Antrieb auf das Antriebsgestänge 4 erfolgt mittels eines elektrisch isolierenden Bauteils.On the side facing away from the drive, the quenching chamber 2 is connected to a pressure-tight metallic exhaust housing 7 which is arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis 3 and which is provided on the side facing away from the quenching chamber 2 with connections (not shown) for the current supply. The exhaust housing 7 encloses a second exhaust volume 8. The housing 5 and the exhaust housing 7 are rigidly and pressure-tightly connected to one another by means of a pressure-tight insulating tube 9 arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis 3, the volume enclosed by these components being filled with SF 6 gas, which is pressurized. For this circuit breaker 1, depending on the expected outside temperature, a filling pressure in the range of about 5 bar to 8 bar is provided. The housing 5 and the exhaust housing 7 are supported by insulating supports, not shown, and insulated from earth. The power transmission from the drive to the drive linkage 4 takes place by means of an electrically insulating component.

    Die Löschkammer 2 weist eine Nennstrombahn und parallel zu ihr eine im Zentrum gelegene, axial erstreckte Leistungsstrombahn auf. Die Nennstrombahn führt im eingeschalteten Zustand des Leistungsschalters 1 vom Auspuffgehäuse 7 über eine angeformte ringförmig ausgebildete Kontaktauflage 10, über axial bewegliche Nennstromkontakte 11 auf eine an das Gehäuse 5 angeformte Kontaktauflage 12 und durch das Gehäuse 5 hindurch. Die Leistungsstrombahn führt im eingeschalteten Zustand des Leistungsschalters 1 vom Auspuffgehäuse 7 her über eine Kontaktfingeranordnung 13, einen als Überbrückungskontakt dienenden zentral angeordneten Schaltstift 14, über in eine mit dem Gehäuse 5 elektrisch leitend verbundene Kontakthalterung 15, in welche Spiralkontakte 16 eingelegt sind, auf das Gehäuse 5 und durch dieses hindurch. Durch die Leistungsstrombahn fliesst jedoch erst dann ein nennenswerter Strom, wenn die Nennstrombahn unterbrochen ist.The arcing chamber 2 has a nominal current path and parallel to it an axially extending power path located in the center on. The nominal current path leads when the Circuit breaker 1 from the exhaust housing 7 via a molded annular contact pad 10, axially movable current contacts 11 to one on the housing 5 molded contact pad 12 and through the housing 5. The power current path leads when the Circuit breaker 1 from the exhaust housing 7 via a Contact finger arrangement 13, one as a bridging contact serving centrally located switching pin 14, in a connected to the housing 5 in an electrically conductive manner Contact holder 15, in which spiral contacts 16 are inserted are on and through the housing 5. Through the Only then does the power current flow significantly Current when the nominal current path is interrupted.

    Die Betätigung der Nennstromkontakte 11 erfolgt über einen mit dem Antriebsgestänge 4 verbunden Ring 17, der hier nur schematisch angedeutet ist. Der Ring 17 ist über mehrere am Umfang verteilte Stössel 18 mit den in einem äusseren Löschkammervolumen 19 beweglich angeordneten Nennstromkontakten 11 mechanisch verbunden. Die Stössel 18 werden in entsprechenden Durchbrüchen in der der Löschkammer 2 zugewandten Stirnwand des Gehäuses 5 geführt. Der Ring 17 ist zudem mit Kolbenstangen 20 verbunden, welche ebenfalls in entsprechenden Durchbrüchen in der der Löschkammer 2 zugewandten Stirnwand des Gehäuses 5 geführt werden. Die Kolbenstangen 20 sind mit jeweils einem Kolben 21 verbunden, der jeweils ein zylindrisch ausgebildetes Kompressionsvolumen 22 abtrennt von dem äusseren Löschkammervolumen 19. Es sind eine Vielzahl von einzelnen Kolben 21 mit dem jeweils zugehörigen Kompressionsvolumen 22 konzentrisch um die Längsachse 3 herum angeordnet, es ist jedoch auch vorstellbar, dass ein einzelner ringförmig ausgebildeter Kolben ein einzelnes ringförmig ausgebildetes Kompressionsvolumen abtrennt, wobei dieser eine Kolben dann mit mehreren Kolbenstangen betätigt wird, um ein Verkanten desselben zu vermeiden.The nominal current contacts 11 are actuated via a the drive linkage 4 connected ring 17, which only here is indicated schematically. The ring 17 is on several Circumferentially distributed plungers 18 with those in an outer Extinguishing chamber volume 19 arranged movably Rated current contacts 11 mechanically connected. The ram 18 are in corresponding openings in the fire chamber 2 facing end wall of the housing 5 out. The ring 17 is also connected to piston rods 20, which also in corresponding breakthroughs in the arcing chamber 2 facing end wall of the housing 5 are guided. The Piston rods 20 are each connected to a piston 21, which each have a cylindrical compression volume 22 separates from the outer quenching chamber volume 19. There are a plurality of individual pistons 21 with each associated compression volume 22 concentrically around the Longitudinal axis 3 arranged around, but it is also conceivable that a single annular piston single ring-shaped compression volume separates, this one piston then with several Piston rods is operated to tilt it avoid.

    Jedes Kompressionsvolumen 22 ist mittels eines Strömungskanals 23 mit einem gemeinsamen Speichervolumen 24 verbunden. Das Speichervolumen 24 ist als inneres Löschkammervolumen anzusehen, welches mittels einer zylindrisch ausgebildeten elektrisch isolierenden Trennwand 25 druckdicht von dem äusseren Löschkammervolumen 19 getrennt ist. Im Zentrum des Speichervolumens 24 ist im Bereich zwischen der abbrandfesten Kontaktfingeranordnung 13 und der Spitze des Schaltstifts 14 eine Lichtbogenzone 26 vorgesehen. Im Zentrum der Kontaktfingeranordnung 13 ist eine Öffnung 27 vorgesehen, welche die Lichtbogenzone 26 mit dem Auspuffvolumen 8 verbindet. Eine weitere Öffnung 28, welche die dem Antrieb abgewandte Stirnwand des Gehäuses 5 durchbricht, verbindet die Lichtbogenzone 26 mit dem Auspuffvolumen 6. Im unmittelbar an die Lichtbogenzone 26 anschliessenden Bereich ist diese Öffnung 28 mit einer düsenartig ausgebildeten Auskleidung 29 aus einem Isoliermaterial, beispielsweise aus PTFE, versehen, welche den Schaltstift 14 in der Einschaltstellung vergleichsweise eng umschliesst.Each compression volume 22 is by means of a flow channel 23 connected to a common storage volume 24. The Storage volume 24 is the inner volume of the arcing chamber view, which is formed by means of a cylindrical electrically insulating partition 25 pressure-tight from the outer quench chamber volume 19 is separated. In the center of the Storage volume 24 is in the area between the erosion-resistant Contact finger assembly 13 and the tip of the switching pin 14 an arc zone 26 is provided. In the center of the Contact finger arrangement 13, an opening 27 is provided, which the arc zone 26 with the exhaust volume 8th combines. Another opening 28 which is the drive Breaks away from the end wall of the housing 5, connects the Arc zone 26 with the exhaust volume 6. Im immediately on the area adjoining the arc 26 is this Opening 28 with a nozzle-like lining 29 made of an insulating material, for example made of PTFE, which the switching pin 14 in the ON position comparatively closely encloses.

    Der Schaltstift 14 ist antriebsseitig mit einem Kolben 30 verbunden, der in einem Zylinder 31 gleitet. Der Zylinder 31 ist an die dem Antrieb abgewandte Stirnwand des Gehäuses 5 angeformt. Auf der antriebsseitigen Seite des Kolbens 30 ist ein Kompressionsvolumen 32 vorgesehen, welches unmittelbar vor dem Erreichen der Ausschaltstellung zum Abdämpfen der Bewegung des Schaltstifts 14 dient. Während der übrigen Dauer der Ausschaltbewegung des Schaltstifts 14 ist das Kompressionsvolumen 32 mittels Strömungskanälen 33 mit dem Speichervolumen 24 verbunden.The switching pin 14 is on the drive side with a piston 30 connected, which slides in a cylinder 31. The cylinder 31 is on the end wall of the housing 5 facing away from the drive formed. Is on the drive side of the piston 30 a compression volume 32 is provided, which is immediately before reaching the switch-off position to dampen the movement the switching pin 14 is used. During the rest of the Switch-off movement of the switching pin 14 is that Compression volume 32 by means of flow channels 33 with the Storage volume 24 connected.

    Das Antriebsgestänge 4 weist vier ortsfeste Drehachsen 34, 35, 36 und 37 auf, die parallel zueinander verlaufen. Die Drehachsen 34, 35, 36 und 37 verlaufen senkrecht zur Schnittebene der Fig. 1 und damit zur Längsachse 3. Die Drehachse 34 ist die Achse einer nicht dargestellten Drehwelle aus elektrisch isolierendem Material, die einen Scheitel eines Winkelhebels 38 starr mit dem nicht dargestellten, auf Erdpotential liegenden Antrieb verbindet. Diese elektrisch isolierende Drehwelle wird mittels einer druckdichten Drehdurchführung durch die Wand des Gehäuses 5 geführt.The drive linkage 4 has four fixed axes of rotation 34, 35, 36 and 37, which run parallel to each other. The Axes of rotation 34, 35, 36 and 37 are perpendicular to 1 and thus to the longitudinal axis 3. Die Rotation axis 34 is the axis of a rotation shaft, not shown Made of electrically insulating material, the apex of one Angle lever 38 rigid with that, not shown Earth potential drive connects. This electric insulating rotary shaft is made by means of a pressure-tight Rotary lead through the wall of the housing 5.

    Der metallische Winkelhebel 38 weist an den Enden seiner beiden Schenkel zwei Drehpunkte 39 und 40 auf. An den Drehpunkt 39 ist ein Hebel 41 eines ersten Teilgestänges angelenkt, der den Winkelhebel 38 mit einem Drehpunkt 42 eines sich um die ortsfeste Drehachse 35 drehenden Scheitels eines Winkelhebels 43 verbindet. Der Drehpunkt 42 liegt am Ende eines der Schenkel des Winkelhebels 43, dessen anderer Schenkel an seinem Ende einen zweiten Drehpunkt 44 aufweist, an welchen ein Hebel 45 angelenkt ist. Die andere Seite des Hebels 45 ist mittels eines Drehpunkts 46 an den Ring 17 angelenkt. Um ein verkantungsfreies Betätigen des Rings 17 zu gewährleisten, wird diese beschriebene Hebelverbindung mit dem Ring 17 an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Stellen vorgesehen. Aus der Fig. 3 ist diese beschriebene Hebelverbindung mit dem Ring 17 besser ersichtlich.The metallic angle lever 38 has at the ends of it two pivot points 39 and 40 on both legs. To the Pivotal point 39 is a lever 41 of a first linkage hinged, the angle lever 38 with a fulcrum 42 one apex rotating about the fixed axis of rotation 35 Angle lever 43 connects. The fulcrum 42 is at the end one of the legs of the angle lever 43, the other Leg has a second pivot point 44 at its end, to which a lever 45 is articulated. The other side of the Lever 45 is connected to ring 17 by means of a pivot point 46 hinged. In order to actuate the ring 17 without tilting ensure, this lever connection described with the Ring 17 at two opposite points intended. This is described from FIG. 3 Lever connection with the ring 17 can be seen better.

    An den Drehpunkt 40 des Winkelhebels 38 ist ein Hebel 47 eines zweiten Teilgestänges angelenkt, der den Winkelhebel 38 mit einem Drehpunkt 48 eines sich um die ortsfeste Drehachse 36 drehenden Scheitels eines Winkelhebels 49 verbindet. Der Drehpunkt 48 liegt am Ende eines der Schenkel des Winkelhebels 49, dessen anderer Schenkel an seinem Ende einen zweiten Drehpunkt 50 aufweist, an welchen ein Hebel 51 angelenkt ist, der den Winkelhebel 49 mit einem beweglichen Drehpunkt 52 eines sich um die ortsfeste Drehachse 37 drehenden Winkelhebels 53 verbindet. Die Drehachse 37 ist mit dem Ende eines Schenkels des Winkelhebels 53 verbunden. Der Drehpunkt 52 liegt im Scheitel des Winkelhebels 53, während ein weiterer Drehpunkt 54 am Ende des anderen Schenkels des Winkelhebels 53 vorgesehen ist. An diesen weiteren Drehpunkt 54 ist ein Hebel 55 angelenkt, der den Winkelhebel 53 mit einem Drehpunkt 56 verbindet. Der Drehpunkt 56 ist am antriebsseitigen Ende des in axialer Richtung beweglichen Schaltstifts 14 angebracht.At the pivot point 40 of the angle lever 38 is a lever 47 one articulated second part of the linkage, the with the angle lever 38 a fulcrum 48 one about the fixed axis of rotation 36 rotating apex of an angle lever 49 connects. The Pivot 48 lies at the end of one of the legs of the angle lever 49, the other leg at the end of a second Has fulcrum 50 to which a lever 51 is articulated, the angle lever 49 with a movable fulcrum 52 one rotating around the fixed axis of rotation 37 Angle lever 53 connects. The axis of rotation 37 is at the end a leg of the angle lever 53 connected. The fulcrum 52 lies in the apex of the angle lever 53, while another Pivotal point 54 at the end of the other leg of the angle lever 53 is provided. At this further pivot 54 is a lever 55 hinged, the angle lever 53 with a pivot point 56th combines. The fulcrum 56 is at the drive end of the in the axial direction movable switching pin 14 attached.

    Das Antriebsgestänge 4 ist so ausgelegt, dass sich beim Ausschalten stets die durch das erste Teilgestänge betätigten Nennstromkontakte 11 zuerst öffnen und die Nennstrombahn unterbrechen, erst danach wird der zunächst in einer Totpunktstellung verharrende Schaltstift 14 durch das zweite Teilgestänge betätigt. Der Gesamthub und die mittlere Geschwindigkeit des Schaltstifts 14 ist stets grösser als der Gesamthub und die mittlere Geschwindigkeit der Nennstromkontakte 11. Der Schaltstift 14 bewegt sich nach einer Beschleunigungsphase mit einer wesentlich grösseren maximalen Geschwindigkeit, sie liegt im Bereich von etwa 10 m/sec bis 20 m/sec, als die Nennstromkontakte 11, die sich mit maximalen Geschwindigkeiten im Bereich von etwa 2 m/sec bis 6 m/sec bewegen.The drive linkage 4 is designed so that the Always switch off those actuated by the first linkage First open the nominal current contacts 11 and the nominal current path interrupt, only then is it first in a Dead center position switching pin 14 by the second Partial boom actuated. The total stroke and the middle Speed of the switching pin 14 is always greater than that Total stroke and the average speed of the Rated current contacts 11. The switching pin 14 moves an acceleration phase with a much larger one maximum speed, it is in the range of about 10 m / sec to 20 m / sec, than the nominal current contacts 11, which deal with maximum speeds in the range of about 2 m / sec to 6 move m / sec.

    Beim Einschalten bewegt sich stets zuerst der Schaltstift 14 und schliesst den Stromkreis, die anfangs in einer Totpunktstellung verharrenden Nennstromkontakte 11 schalten erst danach ein. Die Bewegungsverläufe bei einer Ausschaltung sind in der Fig. 6 zeitabhängig dargestellt. Die Kurve A der Fig. 6 stellt die Bewegung des Antriebs dar, welcher den Hub H3 zurücklegt, die Kurve B stellt die Bewegung der Nennstromkontakte 11 bzw. der Kolben 21 dar, welche den Hub H1 zurücklegen, und die Kurve C stellt die Bewegung des Schaltstifts 14 dar, welcher den Hub H2 zurücklegt. Es ist deutlich ersichtlich, dass der Schaltstift 14 einen wesentlich grösseren Hub zurücklegt als die Nennstromkontakte 11, und dass er sich mit einer wesentlich grösseren maximalen Geschwindigkeit bewegt, als die Nennstromkontakte 11.When switching on, the switching pin 14 always moves first and closes the circuit, the nominal current contacts 11, which initially remain in a dead center position, only switch on after this. The movement profiles when switched off are shown in FIG. 6 as a function of time. The curve A of FIG. 6 represents the movement of the drive which covers the stroke H 3 , the curve B represents the movement of the nominal current contacts 11 or the pistons 21 which cover the stroke H 1 , and the curve C represents the Movement of the switching pin 14, which travels the stroke H 2 . It is clearly evident that the switching pin 14 travels a much larger stroke than the rated current contacts 11 and that it moves at a significantly higher maximum speed than the rated current contacts 11.

    Die Figur 2 zeigt die stark vereinfacht dargestellte erste Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters 1 im eingeschalteten Zustand. In der Fig. 6 entspricht dies dem Zeitpunkt T1. Der Winkelhebel 38 wurde durch den Antrieb im Gegenuhrzeigersinn gedreht, um den Leistungsschalter 1 von der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausschaltposition in die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Einschaltposition zu bewegen. Bei einer Drehung des Winkelhebels 38 im Uhrzeigersinn erfolgt eine Ausschaltung des Leistungsschalters 1. Mittels Variation der Länge der Schenkel und des Winkels zwischen den Schenkeln des Winkelhebels 38 kann das Antriebsgestänge 4 den Anforderungen betreffend Hub und Geschwindigkeit des jeweils anzutreibenden Schaltertyps sehr einfach und stufenlos angepasst werden. Für weitere Anpassungen können auch die übrigen Bauteile des Antriebsgestänges 4 entsprechend modifiziert werden.FIG. 2 shows the greatly simplified first embodiment of the circuit breaker 1 in the switched-on state. 6 corresponds to the time T 1 . The angle lever 38 was rotated counterclockwise by the drive in order to move the circuit breaker 1 from the open position shown in FIG. 1 to the open position shown in FIG. 2. When the angle lever 38 is turned clockwise, the circuit breaker 1 is switched off. By varying the length of the legs and the angle between the legs of the angle lever 38, the drive linkage 4 can be very easily and continuously adapted to the requirements regarding stroke and speed of the switch type to be driven , For further adjustments, the other components of the drive linkage 4 can also be modified accordingly.

    Die Figuren 3, 4 und 5 zeigen verschiedene markante Positionen des Leistungsschalters 1 im Verlauf seiner Ausschaltbewegung. Die Fig. 3 zeigt den Leistungsschalter 1 in der Position unmittelbar nach dem Unterbrechen der Nennstrombahn, die Nennstromkontakte 11 haben sich gerade von der Kontaktauflage 10 getrennt, in der Fig. 6 entspricht dies dem Zeitpunkt T2. Der Winkelhebel 38 hat sich etwas gegen den Uhrzeigersinn gedreht, der Ring 17, und mit ihm die Nennstromkontakte 11 und die Kolben 21, bewegt sich in Richtung des Pfeils 57 parallel zur Längsachse 3. Die Kraftübertragung erfolgt vom Winkelhebel 38 über den Hebel 41, den Winkelhebel 43 und den Hebel 45 auf eine starr mit dem Ring 17 verbundene Lasche 58, in welcher der Drehpunkt 46 gelagert ist. Wie bereits ausgeführt, ist symmetrisch zu dieser Lasche 58 eine weitere derartige Lasche und eine mit ihr verbundene gleichartige Hebelverbindung vorgesehen. Obwohl sich die Nennstromkontakte 11 bereits in Ausschaltrichtung bewegen, verbleibt der Schaltstift 14 der Leistungsstrombahn noch in der Einschaltposition. Gleichzeitig mit den Nennstromkontakten 11 bewegt sich der Kolben 21 und beginnt das isolierende Medium in dem Kompressionsvolumen 22 zu komprimieren. Wie ein Pfeil 59 andeutet, strömt das druckbeaufschlagte Medium durch den Strömungskanal 23 aus dem Kompressionsvolumen 22 in das Speichervolumen 24 ab, wo es zunächst gespeichert wird. Das den Schaltstift 14 betätigende zweite Teilgestänge verbleibt jedoch zunächst noch in einer Totpunktstellung.Figures 3, 4 and 5 show different striking positions of the circuit breaker 1 in the course of its opening movement. 3 shows the circuit breaker 1 in the position immediately after the nominal current path has been interrupted, the nominal current contacts 11 have just separated from the contact pad 10, in FIG. 6 this corresponds to the time T 2 . The angle lever 38 has rotated somewhat counterclockwise, the ring 17, and with it the nominal current contacts 11 and the pistons 21, moves in the direction of the arrow 57 parallel to the longitudinal axis 3. The power transmission takes place from the angle lever 38 via the lever 41, the Angle lever 43 and the lever 45 on a rigidly connected to the ring 17 tab 58, in which the fulcrum 46 is mounted. As already stated, another such tab and a similar lever connection connected to it are provided symmetrically to this tab 58. Although the nominal current contacts 11 are already moving in the switch-off direction, the switch pin 14 of the power current path remains in the switch-on position. At the same time as the nominal current contacts 11, the piston 21 moves and begins to compress the insulating medium in the compression volume 22. As an arrow 59 indicates, the pressurized medium flows through the flow channel 23 out of the compression volume 22 into the storage volume 24, where it is initially stored. However, the second linkage actuating the switching pin 14 initially remains in a dead center position.

    Die Nennstromkontakte 11 und der oder die Kolben 21 bewegen sich vergleichsweise langsam weiter in Ausschaltrichtung, sobald jedoch der Totpunkt des zweiten Teilgestänges überwunden ist, beginnt der Schaltstift 14, wie dies aus der Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, mit einer vergleichsweise grossen maximalen Geschwindigkeit, seinen Ausschalthub. In der Fig. 6 entspricht dies dem Zeitpunkt T3. Der Kolben 30 komprimiert das isolierende Medium in dem Kompressionsvolumen 32. Wie ein Pfeil 60 andeutet, strömt das druckbeaufschlagte Medium durch die Strömungskanäle 33 aus dem Kompressionsvolumen 32 in das Speichervolumen 24 ein, wo es zunächst gespeichert wird.The nominal current contacts 11 and the piston or pistons 21 move comparatively slowly further in the switch-off direction, but as soon as the dead center of the second partial linkage has been overcome, the switching pin 14 begins, as can be seen from FIG. 4, with a comparatively high maximum speed Ausschalthub. 6 corresponds to the time T 3 . The piston 30 compresses the insulating medium in the compression volume 32. As an arrow 60 indicates, the pressurized medium flows through the flow channels 33 from the compression volume 32 into the storage volume 24, where it is initially stored.

    Beim Erreichen ihres Hubes H1 haben die Nennstromkontakte 11, bedingt durch ihre vergleichsweise grosse Masse, noch eine beträchtliche kinetische Energie. Diese kinetische Energie wird über das Antriebsgestänge 4 an den Schaltstift 14 abgegeben, der zu diesem Zeitpunkt T3 noch längst nicht seine maximale Ausschaltgeschwindigkeit erreicht hat, um ihn weiter zu beschleunigen. Der Antrieb des Leistungsschalters 1 kann daher etwas schwächer und damit billiger gestaltet werden, da er bei der Beschleunigung des Schaltstifts 14 vorteilhaft durch diese sonst nicht nutzbare kinetische Energie unterstützt wird.When their stroke H 1 is reached , the nominal current contacts 11 still have considerable kinetic energy due to their comparatively large mass. This kinetic energy is delivered via the drive linkage 4 to the switching pin 14, which at this point in time T 3 has not yet reached its maximum switch-off speed in order to accelerate it further. The drive of the circuit breaker 1 can therefore be made somewhat weaker and therefore cheaper, since it is advantageously supported in the acceleration of the switching pin 14 by this otherwise unusable kinetic energy.

    Die Fig. 5 zeigt den Leistungsschalter 1 unmittelbar nach der Kontakttrennung in der Leistungsstrombahn, zwischen der abbrandbeständigen Kontaktfingeranordnung 13 und dem Schaltstift 14 brennt ein Lichtbogen 61 und heizt die Lichtbogenzone 26 und mit ihr das Speichervolumen 24 auf. Ein Teil des heissen Gases strömt jedoch bereits durch die Öffnung 27 aus der Lichtbogenzone 26 in das Auspuffvolumen 8 ab. In der Fig. 6 entspricht dies dem Zeitpunkt T4. Die Nennstromkontakte 11 und die Kolben 21 haben bereits ihre definitive Ausschaltstellung erreicht, sodass von den Kompressionsvolumina 22 kein druckbeaufschlagtes isolierendes Medium in das Speichervolumen 24 nachströmt. Der mit dem Schaltstift 14 verbundene Kolben 30 komprimiert das isolierende Medium im Kompressionsvolumen 32 und es strömt durch die Strömungskanäle 33 in das Speichervolumen 24 nach, um die Beblasung des Lichtbogens 61 zu unterstützen, wenn die dort herrschenden Druckverhältnisse dies erlauben.5 shows the circuit breaker 1 immediately after the contact separation in the power circuit, between the erosion-resistant contact finger arrangement 13 and the switching pin 14 an arc 61 burns and heats the arc zone 26 and with it the storage volume 24. However, part of the hot gas already flows out of the arc zone 26 into the exhaust volume 8 through the opening 27. 6 corresponds to the time T 4 . The nominal current contacts 11 and the pistons 21 have already reached their definite switch-off position, so that no pressurized insulating medium flows into the storage volume 24 from the compression volumes 22. The piston 30 connected to the switching pin 14 compresses the insulating medium in the compression volume 32 and it flows through the flow channels 33 into the storage volume 24 in order to support the blowing of the arc 61 if the prevailing pressure conditions permit this.

    Der Schaltstift 14 bewegt sich nun weiter in Ausschaltrichtung und gibt dann die Öffnung 28 frei, die eine zusätzliche Strömung der heissen Gase aus der Lichtbogenzone 26 in das Auspuffvolumen 6 ermöglicht. Die Kühlung des Lichtbogens 61 ist in diesem Bereich besonders intensiv, sodass in der Regel eine Löschung desselben auftritt, ehe der Schaltstift 14 seine definitive Ausschaltstellung erreicht hat. Unmittelbar vor dem Erreichen dieser Ausschaltstellung verschliesst der Kolben 30 die Eingänge der Strömungskanäle 33, sodass der verbleibende Rest des Kompressionsvolumens 32 von nun an als pneumatisches Dämpfungsvolumen genutzt werden kann, um die restliche kinetische Energie des Schaltstifts 14 beim Erreichen der Ausschaltstellung wirkungsvoll abzudämpfen. Die in der Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausschaltstellung wird im Zeitpunkt T5 definitiv erreicht.The switching pin 14 now moves further in the switch-off direction and then opens the opening 28, which enables an additional flow of the hot gases from the arc zone 26 into the exhaust volume 6. The cooling of the arc 61 is particularly intensive in this area, so that as a rule the same is extinguished before the switching pin 14 has reached its definite switch-off position. Immediately before this switch-off position is reached, the piston 30 closes the entrances to the flow channels 33, so that from now on the remainder of the compression volume 32 can be used as a pneumatic damping volume in order to effectively dampen the remaining kinetic energy of the switching pin 14 when the switch-off position is reached. The switch-off position shown in FIG. 1 is definitely reached at time T 5 .

    Die Einschaltbewegung des Leistungsschalters 1 verläuft umgekehrt wie die oben beschriebene Ausschaltbewegung. Bei Beginn des Einschaltvorgangs verbleiben die Nennstromkontakte 11 solange in einer Totpunktstellung, bis die Vorzündung des Einschaltlichtbogens zwischen dem sich bereits bewegenden Schaltstift 14 und der abbrandbeständigen Kontaktfingeranordnung 13 erfolgt ist. Erst danach laufen sie in Einschaltrichtung los, sie schliessen den Nennstromkreis jedoch erst dann, wenn der Einschaltlichtbogen nicht mehr brennt, d.h. wenn der Schaltstift 14 in die Kontaktfingeranordnung 13 eingelaufen ist.The opening movement of the circuit breaker 1 runs reversed as the switch-off movement described above. at The rated current contacts remain at the start of the switch-on process 11 in a dead center position until the pre-ignition of the Switch-on arc between the one already moving Switch pin 14 and the erosion-resistant Contact finger assembly 13 is done. Only then do they run start in the switch-on direction, they close the nominal circuit however only when the switch-on arc is no longer burns, i.e. when the switching pin 14 in the Contact finger assembly 13 has run in.

    In den Figuren 7a, 7b und 7c ist eine zweite Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters 1 im eingeschalteten Zustand dargestellt. In der Fig. 6 entspricht diese Position dem Zeitpunkt T1. Die Löschkammer 2 und das Auspuffgehäuse 7 sind gleich wie bei der ersten Ausführungsform aufgebaut. In das Gehäuse 5 ist zusätzlich eine teilweise durchbrochene Zwischenwand 62 eingesetzt worden, die sich senkrecht zur Längsachse 3 erstreckt. Das Auspuffvolumen 6 erstreckt sich so bis auf die der Löschkammer 2 abgewandte Seite der Zwischenwand 62. Das Auspuffvolumen 6 wird durch eine druckdicht an das Gehäuse 5 angeformte Wand 63 abgeschlossen, die sich senkrecht zur Längsachse 3 erstreckt.A second embodiment of the circuit breaker 1 is shown in the switched-on state in FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c. 6, this position corresponds to the time T 1 . The arcing chamber 2 and the exhaust housing 7 are constructed the same as in the first embodiment. A partially perforated intermediate wall 62, which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 3, has additionally been inserted into the housing 5. The exhaust volume 6 thus extends to that side of the intermediate wall 62 which faces away from the extinguishing chamber 2. The exhaust volume 6 is closed off by a wall 63 which is molded onto the housing 5 in a pressure-tight manner and extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 3.

    In die Zwischenwand 62 und die Wand 63 sind, wie in der Fig. 7a gezeigt, einander genau gegenüberliegend und parallel zueinander Führungsnuten 64 und 65 eingelassen, welche als Führung für eine Kulissenplatte 66 dienen. Die Führungsnuten 64 und 65 verlaufen radial zur Längsachse 3. Diese Kulissenplatte 66 ist mittels einer elektrisch isolierenden Zugstange 67 mit dem nicht dargestellten Antrieb verbunden und ist in Richtung des Pfeils 68 nach oben beweglich. Die Zugstange 67 wird druckdicht durch die Wand des Gehäuses 5 hindurchgeführt. In die Kulissenplatte 66 sind Führungsnuten 69 und 70 eingefräst, in welchen das Ende eines Bolzens 71 geführt wird. Der Bolzen 71 ist einseitig in einer mit dem Schaltstift 14 starr verbundenen Haltegabel 72 befestigt. Wie aus der Fig. 7c ersichtlich, umfasst die Haltegabel 72 die Kulissenplatte 66, sodass der Bolzen 71 von oben in die Führungsnuten 69 und 70 eingreifen kann. Die Haltegabel 72 ist so gestaltet, dass der Bolzen 71 nicht den Eingriff in die Führungsnuten 69 und 70 verlieren kann. Die Haltegabel 72 wird in der Zwischenwand 62 in axialer Richtung geführt.In the intermediate wall 62 and the wall 63 are, as in Fig. 7a, exactly opposite and parallel to each other to each other guide grooves 64 and 65 embedded, which as Serve guide for a backdrop plate 66. The guide grooves 64 and 65 run radially to the longitudinal axis 3. This Link plate 66 is by means of an electrically insulating Tie rod 67 connected to the drive, not shown, and is movable upwards in the direction of arrow 68. The Pull rod 67 becomes pressure-tight through the wall of housing 5 passed. Guide grooves are in the link plate 66 69 and 70 milled, in which the end of a bolt 71st to be led. The bolt 71 is on one side with the Switch pin 14 rigidly connected holding fork 72 attached. How 7c, the holding fork 72 comprises the Link plate 66, so that the bolt 71 from above into the Guide grooves 69 and 70 can engage. The holding fork 72 is designed so that the bolt 71 does not engage in the Guide grooves 69 and 70 can lose. The holding fork 72 is guided in the intermediate wall 62 in the axial direction.

    Wie aus den Figuren 7b und 7c ersichtlich ist, sind in die Zwischenwand 62 und die Wand 63 parallel zu den Führungsnuten 64 und 65 und von diesen beabstandet weitere Führungsnuten 73 und 74 eingelassen, welche als Führung für eine Kulissenplatte 75 dienen. Diese Kulissenplatte 75 ist mittels einer elektrisch isolierenden Zugstange 76 mit dem nicht dargestellten Antrieb verbunden und ist in Richtung des Pfeils 77 beweglich. Die Zugstange 76 wird druckdicht durch die Wand des Gehäuses 5 hindurchgeführt. In die Kulissenplatte 75 sind Führungsnuten 78 und 79 eingefräst, in welchen das Ende eines Bolzens 80 geführt wird. Der Bolzen 80 ist einseitig in einer mit dem Ring 17 starr verbundenen Haltegabel 81 befestigt. Wie aus der Fig. 7c ersichtlich, umfasst die Haltegabel 81 die Kulissenplatte 75, sodass der Bolzen 80 von oben in die Führungsnuten 78 und 79 eingreifen kann. Die Haltegabel 81 ist so gestaltet, dass der Bolzen 80 nicht den Eingriff in die Führungsnuten 78 und 79 verlieren kann. Die Haltegabel 81 wird in der Zwischenwand 62 in axialer Richtung geführt. As can be seen from FIGS. 7b and 7c, the Intermediate wall 62 and wall 63 parallel to the guide grooves 64 and 65 and spaced apart from these further guide grooves 73 and 74 embedded, which as a guide for a backdrop plate 75 serve. This backdrop plate 75 is by means of a electrically insulating tie rod 76 with the not shown drive connected and is in the direction of the arrow 77 mobile. The pull rod 76 becomes pressure tight through the wall of the housing 5 passed. In the backdrop plate 75 are Guide grooves 78 and 79 milled in which the end of a Bolzens 80 is performed. The bolt 80 is one-sided in one attached to the ring 17 rigidly connected holding fork 81. How 7c, the holding fork 81 comprises the Link plate 75, so that the bolt 80 from above into the Guide grooves 78 and 79 can engage. The holding fork 81 is designed so that the bolt 80 does not engage in the Guide grooves 78 and 79 can lose. The holding fork 81 is guided in the intermediate wall 62 in the axial direction.

    Um ein Verkanten des Rings 17 bei der Betätigung der Nennstromkontakte 11 und der Kolben 21 zu vermeiden, ist auf der anderen Seite der Kulissenplatte 66 im gleichen Abstand zu dieser wie die Kulissenplatte 75 eine weitere gleichartige Kulissenplatte 82 vorgesehen, die gleich ausgebildet und gleich geführt und betätigt wird wie die Kulissenplatte 75 und deren Halterung hier deshalb nicht mehr beschrieben werden muss.To tilt the ring 17 when the Avoid rated current contacts 11 and the piston 21 is open the other side of the backdrop plate 66 at the same distance this as the backdrop plate 75 another similar Back plate 82 provided, which are the same design and is performed and operated the same as the backdrop plate 75 and the holder of which is therefore no longer described here got to.

    In der Fig. 8a ist die Kulissenplatte 66 für die Betätigung des Schaltstifts 14 schematisch dargestellt. Die Pfeile 83 in der Führungsnut 69 geben die Richtung an, in welche der Bolzen 71 bewegt wird, wenn die Kulissenplatte 66 beim Ausschalten des Leistungsschalters 1 nach oben gezogen wird. Mit dem Bolzen 71 wird die Haltegabel 72 und mit ihr der Schaltstift 14 axial in Ausschaltrichtung bewegt. Die Geschwindigkeit des Antriebs und die Kurvenform der Führungsnut 69 ist so gewählt, dass der Schaltstift 14 die in der Fig. 6 in Kurve C dargestellte Bewegung absolviert.8a, the link plate 66 is for actuation of the switching pin 14 is shown schematically. Arrows 83 in the guide groove 69 indicate the direction in which the bolt 71 is moved when the link plate 66 when switching off of the circuit breaker 1 is pulled up. With the Bolt 71 becomes the holding fork 72 and with it the switching pin 14 moved axially in the switch-off direction. The speed of the Drive and the curve shape of the guide groove 69 is selected so that the switching pin 14 which in Fig. 6 in curve C shown movement completed.

    Kurz bevor der Schaltstift 14 seine Ausschaltstellung erreicht, wird eine mit einer nicht dargestellten Feder beaufschlagte Klappe 84 gegen die Kraft dieser Feder in eine Vertiefung der Wand der Führungsnut 69 gedrückt, sodass der Bolzen 71 passieren kann. Sobald der Bolzen 71 die Klappe 84 passiert hat, blockiert die Klappe 84 die Führungsnut 69 und der Bolzen 71 wird mittels der Kraft einer nicht dargestellten Feder zurück in die in Fig. 8a dargestellte Position bewegt. Beim Einschalten, wenn die Kulissenplatte 66 nach unten gedrückt wird, wird der Bolzen 71 in der Führungsnut 70 in Richtung des Pfeils 85 bewegt. Der Verlauf der Einschaltbewegung dieser zweiten Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters 1 unterscheidet sich deshalb etwas von demjenigen der ersten Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters 1. Kurz bevor der Schaltstift 14 seine Einschaltstellung erreicht, wird eine mit einer nicht dargestellten Feder beaufschlagte Klappe 86 gegen die Kraft dieser Feder beiseite gedrückt, sodass der Bolzen 71 passieren kann. Sobald der Bolzen 71 die Klappe 86 passiert hat, blockiert die Klappe 86 die Führungsnut 70, und der Schaltstift 14 und mit ihm der Bolzen 71 befinden sich nun in ihrer definitiven Einschaltstellung.Shortly before the switching pin 14 is in its off position reached, one with a spring, not shown acted flap 84 against the force of this spring in a Depression of the wall of the guide groove 69 pressed so that the Bolt 71 can happen. Once the bolt 71 the flap 84th has happened, the flap 84 blocks the guide groove 69 and the bolt 71 is not shown by the force of a Spring moved back to the position shown in Fig. 8a. When switching on when the backdrop plate 66 down is pressed, the bolt 71 in the guide groove 70 in Moved in the direction of arrow 85. The course of the Switch-on movement of this second embodiment of the Circuit breaker 1 is therefore slightly different from that of the first embodiment of the circuit breaker 1. Shortly before the switching pin 14 is in its switched-on position reached, one with a spring, not shown acted flap 86 aside against the force of this spring pressed so that the bolt 71 can pass. Once the Bolt 71 has passed the flap 86, the flap 86 is blocked the guide groove 70, and the switching pin 14 and with it the Bolt 71 are now in their definitive On position.

    In der Fig. 8b ist die Kulissenplatte 75 für die Betätigung der Nennstromkontakte 11 und der Kolben 21 schematisch dargestellt. Der Pfeil 87 in der Führungsnut 78 gibt die Richtung an, in welche der Bolzen 80 bewegt wird, wenn die Kulissenplatte 75 beim Ausschalten des Leistungsschalters 1 nach oben gezogen wird. Mit dem Bolzen 80 wird die Haltegabel 81 und mit ihr der Ring 17 axial in Ausschaltrichtung bewegt. Die Geschwindigkeit des Antriebs und die Kurvenform der Führungsnut 78 ist so gewählt, dass der Ring 17 und mit ihm die Nennstromkontakte 11 die in der Fig. 6 in Kurve B dargestellte Bewegung absolviert. Kurz bevor die Nennstromkontakte 11 ihre Ausschaltstellung erreichen, wird eine mit einer nicht dargestellten Feder beaufschlagte Klappe 88 gegen die Kraft dieser Feder auf die Seite gedrückt, sodass der Bolzen 80 passieren kann. Sobald der Bolzen 80 die Klappe 88 passiert hat, blockiert die Klappe 88 die Führungsnut 78. Beim Einschalten, wenn die Kulissenplatte 75 nach unten gedrückt wird, wird der Bolzen 80 in der Führungsnut 79 in Richtung des Pfeils 89 bewegt. Der Verlauf der Einschaltbewegung dieser zweiten Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters 1 unterscheidet sich deshalb etwas von demjenigen der ersten Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters 1. Kurz bevor die Nennstromkontakte 11 ihre Einschaltstellung erreichen, wird eine mit einer nicht dargestellten Feder beaufschlagte Klappe 90 gegen die Kraft dieser Feder beiseite gedrückt, sodass der Bolzen 80 passieren kann. Sobald der Bolzen 80 die Klappe 90 passiert hat, blockiert die Klappe 90 die Führungsnut 79, und die Nennstromkontakte 11 und mit ihnen der Bolzen 80 befinden sich in ihrer Einschaltstellung. Die Kulissenplatte 82 ist, wie bereits ausgeführt, genau gleich ausgestaltet wie die hier beschriebene Kulissenplatte 75.8b, the link plate 75 is for actuation the nominal current contacts 11 and the piston 21 schematically shown. The arrow 87 in the guide groove 78 indicates that Direction in which the pin 80 is moved when the Link plate 75 when the circuit breaker is switched off 1 is pulled up. With the bolt 80 is the holding fork 81 and with it the ring 17 moves axially in the switch-off direction. The speed of the drive and the curve shape of the Guide groove 78 is selected so that the ring 17 and with it the nominal current contacts 11 in curve 6 in FIG. 6 shown movement completed. Just before that Rated current contacts 11 will reach their off position a valve acted upon by a spring, not shown 88 pressed against the force of this spring to the side so that the bolt 80 can pass. Once the bolt 80 the flap 88 has happened, the flap 88 blocks the guide groove 78. When switching on when the link plate 75 down is pressed, the pin 80 in the guide groove 79 in Moved in the direction of arrow 89. The course of the Switch-on movement of this second embodiment of the Circuit breaker 1 is therefore slightly different from that of the first embodiment of the circuit breaker 1. Shortly before the nominal current contacts 11 their switch-on position achieve one with a spring, not shown acted flap 90 aside against the force of this spring pressed so that the bolt 80 can pass. Once the Bolt 80 has passed through flap 90, blocks flap 90 the guide groove 79, and the rated current contacts 11 and with them the bolts 80 are in their switched-on position. The As already stated, the link plate 82 is exactly the same designed like the backdrop plate 75 described here.

    Um die Anzahl der druckdichten Durchführungen für die Zugstangen 67 und 76 zu reduzieren, können diese Betätigungselemente im Innern des Gehäuses 5 für eine gemeinsame Betätigung zusammengefasst werden, sodass nur eine einzige Durchführung durch die Wand des Gehäuses 5 nötig ist. Es ist prinzipiell aber auch möglich, den Schaltstift 14 und die Nennstromkontakte 11 mit zwei getrennten Antrieben zu bewegen, um so eine grössere Vielfalt der einstellbaren Bewegungsverläufe zu erreichen.To the number of pressure-tight bushings for the Pull rods 67 and 76 can reduce this Actuators inside the housing 5 for one joint activity can be summarized so that only one only implementation through the wall of the housing 5 is necessary. In principle, however, it is also possible to switch pin 14 and the rated current contacts 11 with two separate drives move around so a wider variety of adjustable To achieve movements.

    Die Figuren 9a und 9b zeigen den Leistungsschalter 1 in der Position, die etwa dem Zeitpunkt T4 in der Fig. 6 entspricht. Die Fig. 9a zeigt die Betätigung des Schaltstifts 14 und die Fig. 9b die Nennstromkontakte 11 in einer Totpunktstellung. Zwischen der abbrandbeständigen Kontaktfingeranordnung 13 und dem Schaltstift 14 brennt ein Lichtbogen 61 und heizt die Lichtbogenzone 26 und mit ihr das Speichervolumen 24 auf. Ein Teil des heissen Gases strömt jedoch bereits aus der Lichtbogenzone 26 ab, usw., wie dies bereits früher beschrieben wurde. Die Figuren 10a und 10b zeigen die stark vereinfacht dargestellte zweite Ausführungsform des Leistungsschalters 1 im definitiv ausgeschalteten Zustand.FIGS. 9a and 9b show the circuit breaker 1 in the position which corresponds approximately to the time T 4 in FIG. 6. FIG. 9a shows the actuation of the switching pin 14 and FIG. 9b the nominal current contacts 11 in a dead center position. An arc 61 burns between the erosion-resistant contact finger arrangement 13 and the switching pin 14 and heats the arc zone 26 and with it the storage volume 24. However, part of the hot gas is already flowing out of the arc zone 26, etc., as described earlier. FIGS. 10a and 10b show the second embodiment of the circuit breaker 1, shown in a highly simplified manner, in the definitely switched-off state.

    Der Leistungsschalter 1 ist für besonders grosse Ströme, insbesondere auch grosse Nennströme und Kurzschlussströme, ausgelegt, wie sie beispielsweise in einem Kraftwerk im Bereich nach dem Generator auftreten können. Besonders wenn im Fehlerfall grosse Kurzschlussströme fliessen, ist mit Streuströmen in allen Metallteilen in der Nähe der Strombahn zu rechnen. Es erweist sich daher als sinnvoll, zur Vermeidung von streustrombedingten Folgeschäden die Metallteile des Antriebsgestänges 4 so auszubilden, dass sie sich metallisch nicht berühren können.The circuit breaker 1 is for particularly large currents, especially large nominal currents and short-circuit currents, designed, such as in a power plant in Area after the generator can occur. Especially when in In the event of a fault, large short-circuit currents flow Stray currents in all metal parts near the current path to count. It therefore proves useful to avoid from consequential damage caused by stray current the metal parts of the Train drive linkage 4 so that they are metallic can't touch.

    Die beschriebenen Bewegungsabläufe können auch mittels eines hydraulischen Antriebs sehr einfach erreicht werden. Ein derartiger Antrieb ist besonders dort vorteilhaft, wo bereits hydraulische Steuerungen für andere Zwecke eingesetzt werden, wie dies in vielen Kraftwerken der Fall ist, sodass keine separate Hydraulikanlage erstellt werden muss, damit kann eine weitere preisgünstige Antriebsvariante eingesetzt werden.The movement sequences described can also be done by means of a hydraulic drive can be achieved very easily. On such drive is particularly advantageous where already hydraulic controls can be used for other purposes, as is the case in many power plants, so none separate hydraulic system must be created so that a other inexpensive drive variants can be used.

    BEZEICHNUNGSLISTENAME LIST

    11
    Leistungsschalterbreakers
    22
    Löschkammerextinguishing chamber
    33
    Längsachselongitudinal axis
    44
    Antriebsgestängedrive linkage
    55
    Gehäusecasing
    66
    Auspuffvolumenexhaust volume
    77
    Auspuffgehäuseexhaust housing
    88th
    Auspuffvolumenexhaust volume
    99
    Isolierrohrinsulating
    1010
    Kontaktauflagecontact support
    1111
    NennstromkontakteRated current contacts
    1212
    Kontaktauflagecontact support
    1313
    KontaktfingeranordnungContact finger set
    1414
    Schaltstiftswitch Probe
    1515
    Kontakthalterungcontact support
    1616
    Spiralkontaktespiral contacts
    1717
    Ringring
    1818
    Stösseltappet
    1919
    äusseren Löschkammervolumenouter chamber volume
    2020
    Kolbenstange piston rod
    2121
    Kolbenpiston
    2222
    Kompressionsvolumencompression volume
    2323
    Strömungskanalflow channel
    2424
    Speichervolumenstorage volume
    2525
    Trennwandpartition wall
    2626
    LichtbogenzoneArc zone
    27,2827.28
    Öffnungenopenings
    2929
    Auskleidunglining
    3030
    Kolbenpiston
    3131
    Zylindercylinder
    3232
    Kompressionsvolumencompression volume
    3333
    Strömungskanalflow channel
    34,35,36,3734,35,36,37
    ortsfeste Drehachsenstationary axes of rotation
    3838
    Winkelhebelbell crank
    39,4039.40
    Drehpunktefulcrums
    4141
    Hebellever
    4242
    Drehpunktpivot point
    4343
    Winkelhebelbell crank
    4444
    Drehpunktpivot point
    4545
    Hebellever
    4646
    Drehpunktpivot point
    4747
    Hebellever
    4848
    Drehpunktpivot point
    4949
    Winkelhebelbell crank
    5050
    Drehpunktpivot point
    5151
    Hebellever
    5252
    Drehpunktpivot point
    5353
    Winkelhebelbell crank
    5454
    Drehpunktpivot point
    5555
    Hebellever
    5656
    Drehpunktpivot point
    5757
    Pfeilarrow
    5858
    Lascheflap
    59, 6059, 60
    Pfeilearrows
    6161
    Lichtbogen Electric arc
    6262
    Zwischenwandpartition
    6363
    Wandwall
    64,6564.65
    Führungsnutenguide
    6666
    Kulissenplattelink plate
    6767
    Zugstangepull bar
    6868
    Pfeilarrow
    69,7069.70
    Führungsnutenguide
    7171
    Bolzenbolt
    7272
    Haltegabelholding fork
    73,7473.74
    Führungsnutenguide
    7575
    Kulissenplattelink plate
    7676
    Zugstangepull bar
    7777
    Pfeilarrow
    78,7978.79
    Führungsnutenguide
    8080
    Bolzenbolt
    8181
    Haltegabelholding fork
    8282
    Kulissenplattelink plate
    8383
    Pfeilarrow
    8484
    Klappeflap
    8585
    Pfeilarrow
    8686
    Klappeflap
    8787
    Pfeilarrow
    8888
    Klappeflap
    8989
    Pfeilarrow
    9090
    Klappeflap
    AA
    Bewegungskurve des AntriebsMovement curve of the drive
    BB
    Bewegungskurve der Nennstromkontakte 11Movement curve of the nominal current contacts 11
    CC
    Bewegungskurve des Schaltstifts 14Movement curve of the switching pin 14
    H1 H 1
    Hub der Nennstromkontakte 11Stroke of the nominal current contacts 11
    H2 H 2
    Hub des Schaltstifts 14Stroke of the switching pin 14
    H3 H 3
    Hub des AntriebsStroke of the drive
    T1 bis T5 T 1 to T 5
    Zeitpunktetimings

    Claims (15)

    1. A power breaker having at least one arcing chamber (2), which is filled with an insulating medium, in particular SF6 gas, is rotationally symmetrical, extends along a longitudinal axis (3), has a power current path with a central contact pin (14) and has a separate rated current path which is provided with rated current contacts (11), and having a drive linkage (4) which operates the contact pin (14) and the rated current contacts (11), characterized
      in that the drive linkage (4) is designed such that, at the start of the disconnection process, the contact pin (14) remains in a first dead point position until the rated current path is interrupted,
      in that the contact pin (14) can then be moved in the disconnection direction at a higher average speed than the rated current contacts (11),
      in that the rated current contacts (11) run into a second dead point position toward the end of their disconnection travel, and
      in that the contact pin (14) does not reach its disconnected position until after the rated current contacts (11) have ended their disconnection movement.
    2. The power breaker as claimed in claim 1, characterized
      in that, at the start of a connection process, the rated current contacts (11) remain in the second dead point position until the pre-arcing of the switch-on arc takes place.
    3. The power breaker as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized
      in that at least one first piston-cylinder arrangement is provided which moves such that it is coupled to the rated current contacts (11) and which a portion of the insulating medium is pressurized in a compression volume (22) by a piston (21) during disconnection.
    4. The power breaker as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized
      in that at least a portion of the kinetic energy which the rated current contacts (11) have toward the end of their disconnection travel can be used with the aid of the drive linkage (4) for acceleration of the contact pin (14).
    5. The power breaker as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterized
      in that the overall travel and the average speed of the contact pin (14) are always greater than the overall travel and the average speed of the rated current contacts (11).
    6. The power breaker as claimed in claim 5, characterized
      in that the contact pin (14) is driven at maximum connection and disconnection speeds in the range from 10 to 20 m/s, and
      in that the rate current contacts (11) are driven at maximum connection and disconnection speeds in the range from 2 to 6 m/s.
    7. The power breaker as claimed in one of claims 3 to 6, characterized
      in that at least one second piston-cylinder arrangement is provided, in which a portion of the insulating medium in a compression volume (32) is compressed by means of a piston (30), which is coupled to the contact pin (14), during disconnection, so that it can be used for blowing out the arc, and in which, furthermore, the compression volume (32) is used as a pneumatic damping volume toward the end of the disconnection travel of the contact pin (14).
    8. The power breaker as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, characterized
      in that the drive linkage (4) has two linkage elements, the first of which is provided for operating the rated current contacts (11) and the pistons (21), and the second of which is provided for operating the contact pin (14).
    9. The power breaker as claimed in claim 8, characterized
      in that the two linkage elements are articulated on a respective limb of an angled lever (38), which can rotate at the tip about a fixed-position rotation axis (34) and
      in that the two linkage elements each pass through the same path, in the opposite direction in each case, both during disconnection and during connection.
    10. The power breaker as claimed in claim 8, characterized
      in that, in the first linkage element, a lever (41) connects the angled lever (38) to a first limb of a second angled lever (43) whose tip can rotate about a second fixed-position rotation axis (35), and in that a second limb of the second angled lever (43) is connected by means of a lever (45) to a rotation point (46) on a ring (17), and
      in that, in the second linkage element, a lever (47) connects the angled lever (38) to a first limb of a third angled lever (49) whose tip can rotate about a third fixed-position rotation axis (36), and in that a second limb of the third angled lever (49) is connected by means of a lever (51) to a moving rotation point (52) at the tip of the fourth angled lever (53), wherein a first limb of the fourth angled lever (53) can rotate about a fourth fixed-position rotation axis (37), while a second limb is connected in a hinged manner by means of a lever (55) to a rotation point (56) which moves axially and is fitted on the contact pin (14).
    11. The power breaker as claimed in claim 8, characterized
      in that the first linkage element is provided with a first moving guide plate (66), and
      in that the second linkage element is provided with at least one second moving guide plate (75), and
      in that the first guide plate (66) and the at least one second guide plate (75, 82) are designed such that they can be driven jointly or separately.
    12. The power breaker as claimed in claim 11, characterized
      in that at least one of the two linkage elements in each case passes through an at least partially different path during connection and during disconnection.
    13. The power breaker as claimed in one of claims 11 or 12, characterized
      in that there are two second guide plates (75, 82), wherein these two guide plates (75, 82) are each arranged at the same distance on either side of the first guide plate (66).
    14. The power breaker as claimed in one of claims 11 to 13, characterized
      in that guide grooves (69, 70, 78, 79) are incorporated in the guide plates (66, 75, 82),
      in that a bolt (71, 80) in each guide plate (66, 75, 82) engages with the guide grooves (69, 70, 78, 79) ,
      in that the bolts (71, 80) are held in retaining forks (72, 81), and
      in that these retaining forks (72, 81) are guided such that they move parallel to the longitudinal axis (3) .
    15. The power breaker as claimed in claim 14, characterized
      in that the guide grooves (69, 70, 78, 79) are provided with flaps (84, 86, 88, 90) which ensure that the bolt (71, 80) is guided along different paths during connection and disconnection.
    EP01810092A 2000-02-11 2001-01-30 Circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP1124243B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10006167A DE10006167B4 (en) 2000-02-11 2000-02-11 breakers
    DE10006167 2000-02-11

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1124243A2 EP1124243A2 (en) 2001-08-16
    EP1124243A3 EP1124243A3 (en) 2002-05-08
    EP1124243B1 true EP1124243B1 (en) 2003-12-10

    Family

    ID=7630629

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP01810092A Expired - Lifetime EP1124243B1 (en) 2000-02-11 2001-01-30 Circuit breaker

    Country Status (7)

    Country Link
    US (1) US6429394B2 (en)
    EP (1) EP1124243B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP4492991B2 (en)
    CN (1) CN1165933C (en)
    AT (1) ATE256334T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE10006167B4 (en)
    RU (1) RU2256975C2 (en)

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    US7292422B2 (en) * 2004-11-29 2007-11-06 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Occupancy-based circuit breaker control
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    FR2906642B1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-12-19 Areva T & D Sa CYLINDRICAL CAM ACTUATION OF THE CONTACTS OF A DOUBLE MOVEMENT CUTTING CHAMBER.
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    DE102015217956A1 (en) * 2015-09-18 2017-03-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Damping unit and method for damping movements in a circuit breaker
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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP1124243A2 (en) 2001-08-16
    EP1124243A3 (en) 2002-05-08
    DE10006167A1 (en) 2001-09-06
    CN1310460A (en) 2001-08-29
    DE10006167B4 (en) 2009-07-23
    US20010025827A1 (en) 2001-10-04
    US6429394B2 (en) 2002-08-06
    CN1165933C (en) 2004-09-08
    DE50101099D1 (en) 2004-01-22
    RU2256975C2 (en) 2005-07-20
    ATE256334T1 (en) 2003-12-15
    JP2001250459A (en) 2001-09-14
    JP4492991B2 (en) 2010-06-30

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