EP1117922B1 - Common rail injector - Google Patents
Common rail injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1117922B1 EP1117922B1 EP00962184A EP00962184A EP1117922B1 EP 1117922 B1 EP1117922 B1 EP 1117922B1 EP 00962184 A EP00962184 A EP 00962184A EP 00962184 A EP00962184 A EP 00962184A EP 1117922 B1 EP1117922 B1 EP 1117922B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- space
- nozzle
- fuel
- pressure
- nozzle needle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a common rail injector for Injection of fuel in a common rail injection system an internal combustion engine, the one Injector housing having a fuel inlet, the with a central high-pressure fuel storage outside the injector housing and with a pressure chamber within the Injector housing communicates, from the high pressure applied fuel depending on the position a control valve is injected, which ensures that in a longitudinal bore of the injector axially against the biasing force of a nozzle spring in a Nozzle spring space is included, reciprocable Nozzle needle lifts off a seat when the pressure in the Pressure chamber is greater than the pressure in a control room, the via an inlet throttle with the fuel inlet and over a fuel drain connected to a discharge space is.
- common-rail injection systems promotes a High pressure pump the fuel in the central High-pressure accumulator, which is referred to as common rail. From The high-pressure lines lead to the rail to the individual Injectors associated with the engine cylinders. The Injectors are individually from the engine electronics driven. The rail pressure is in the pressure chamber and at the Control valve on. When the control valve opens, gets high pressure acted upon fuel against the biasing force of the Nozzle spring lifted nozzle needle over into the combustion chamber.
- the object of the invention is to provide a common rail injector of the above To provide described type, the simple design and is inexpensive to produce. In particular, should also at high Nozzle needle speeds ensured a good closing behavior be.
- This task is with a common rail injector for the injection of Fuel in a common rail injection system according to the preamble the claim 1 solved by that solved in that at the combustion chamber remote end of the sleeve a Auxiliary control space is formed, via the inlet throttle with the Nozzle spring chamber and an auxiliary throttle with the cylindrical Recess in the nozzle needle is in communication, and that the Fuel outlet opens into the auxiliary control chamber.
- This injector can be used during the closing movement the nozzle needle removes the sleeve from its seat from the injector housing take off. This has the consequence that the auxiliary control room and the actual control room forming cylindrical recess faster can be filled with high-pressure fuel. As a result, the closing movement of the nozzle needle is further accelerated.
- the inventive design of the injector allows rail pressures of up to 1,800 bar.
- a particular embodiment of the invention is characterized in that in the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle a essentially cylindrical recess is provided in the one outer peripheral portion of a sleeve under sealing effect axially slidably received, the combustion chamber remote end face through the biasing force of the nozzle spring pressed against the injector is, and whose interior in communication with the fuel drain stands.
- the sleeve provides the advantage that the control room and the Nozzle spring chamber combined at the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle can be, without the volume of the control room of the installation space the nozzle spring depends. Therefore it is possible to use a nozzle spring To install a high spring stiffness, the good closing of the Nozzle needle guaranteed. This allows the duration of injection and the Injection time to be set exactly.
- Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at the combustion chamber remote end of the sleeve a collar is formed, which forms an abutment for the nozzle spring, the is biased against the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle.
- a collar is formed, which forms an abutment for the nozzle spring, the is biased against the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle.
- Closing movement of the nozzle needle causes and secondly by the Preload force of the nozzle spring in conjunction with the pressure in the control chamber set the control room volume.
- Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at the combustion chamber remote end face of the sleeve, the is in abutment with the injector housing, a biting edge is trained. This ensures that the control room of the the sleeve surrounding nozzle spring space is separated.
- Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that the power supply via the nozzle spring chamber with the Pressure chamber communicates, and that the nozzle needle between the Nozzle spring chamber and the pressure chamber is guided. That provides the advantage that the nozzle needle guide no longer has a sealing function. In order to the quality requirements of the leadership are reduced, resulting in Saving in production leads. Because on both sides of the leadership the same pressure prevails, moreover, there is no more pilot leakage on.
- Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that at the nozzle needle between the nozzle spring chamber and the pressure chamber is formed at least one flat at the passing fuel from the nozzle spring chamber into the pressure chamber can.
- This embodiment offers particular in relation to the High pressure resistance advantages.
- Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that the inlet throttle in the nozzle needle or in the Sleeve is integrated.
- the inlet throttle serves to provide pressure surges in the Prevent operation.
- Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that the nozzle needle stroke by the axial distance is defined between the nozzle needle and the sleeve.
- This pure Mechanical Düsennadelhubendanschlag provides the advantage that de Düsennadelhub is exactly reproducible. This allows the Injection course can be reliably shaped. A so-called Hydraulic bonding is avoided.
- the example shown in Fig. 1 in longitudinal section of a not inventive injector has a total of 1 designated injector on.
- the Injector housing 1 comprises a nozzle body 2, which with its free end into the combustion chamber of the to be supplied Internal combustion engine protrudes. With his brennraumfernen End face of the nozzle body 2 by means of a (not shown) clamping nut axially against a holding body. 3 braced.
- an axial guide bore 4 is recessed.
- a nozzle needle 5 is guided with a tip 6 axially displaceable.
- a sealing surface is formed, which cooperates with a sealing seat which is formed on the nozzle body 2.
- the diameter of the sealing seat is given as d s .
- the nozzle needle 5 has three regions with different diameters d 1 , d 2 and d 3 .
- the diameter d 1 is slightly smaller than the diameter d 2 .
- the annular space 8 is also referred to as a pressure chamber.
- the diameter d 2 of the nozzle needle 5 corresponds in the present example, the diameter d 3 on the nozzle needle 5.
- the diameter d 2 is also referred to as a guide diameter.
- the diameter d 3 is also referred to as the control diameter.
- the outer diameter d 2 of the nozzle needle 5 is equal to the inner diameter d 3 of the recess 14 in the combustion chamber distal end of the nozzle needle 5.
- the diameter d 3 may also be smaller than the diameter d 2 .
- a flat 9 is formed in the guide section of the nozzle needle 5 with the diameter d 2 .
- the flattening 9 creates a connection between a nozzle spring chamber 10 and the pressure chamber 8.
- the nozzle spring chamber 10 is surrounded by the nozzle body 2 and the holding body 3.
- a fuel inlet 11 is formed, which opens into the nozzle spring chamber 10.
- a nozzle spring 12 is arranged in the nozzle spring chamber 10.
- the nozzle spring 12 is supported on the combustion chamber remote end face of the nozzle needle 5.
- In the center of the combustion chamber remote end face of the nozzle needle 5 is a cylindrical recess 14 which surrounds a control chamber 15.
- a sleeve 16 is guided on its outer circumferential surface.
- a collar 17 is formed, which forms an abutment for the prestressed nozzle spring 12.
- a biting edge 18 is formed on the combustion chamber remote end face of the sleeve 16, which is in contact with the holding body 3.
- the control chamber 15 is connected via an inlet throttle 19 with the Nozzle spring chamber 10 in conjunction.
- the stands Control chamber 15 via the interior of the sleeve 16 with a Fuel drain 20 in conjunction.
- the fuel drain 20 is an outlet throttle 21.
- the Fuel outlet 20 is through a control valve member 22nd locked. When the control valve member 22 from its seat takes off, the fuel outlet 20 with a (not shown) pressure relief space connected.
- Fig. 1 common rail injector works as follows: About the fuel inlet 11 comes with high pressure fuel from the Rail in the nozzle spring chamber 10. From there comes along with High-pressure fuel on the one hand on the Inlet throttle 19 in the control chamber 15 and on the other hand the flattening 9 over into the pressure chamber 8.
- the Diameter ratios are chosen in a known manner so that the nozzle needle 5 due to the high pressure in the Control chamber 15 with its tip 6 in contact with the Nozzle needle seat is located.
- the control valve member 22 opens, the control room 15 is relieved, and the Nozzle needle tip 6 lifts off its seat. Then it will be like this long high pressure fuel through the Spray hole 7 in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine injected until the control valve member 22 closes again. This then has the consequence that the pressure in the control room 15th rises and the nozzle needle 5 due to the biasing force the nozzle spring 12 with its tip 6 again against the associated nozzle needle seat is pressed.
- Fig. 2 corresponds largely to the example shown in FIG. For simplicity, be Designation of the same parts the same reference numerals used. In addition, to avoid repetition, to the above description of the first Reference example. The following is only up the differences between the two examples received.
- a Auxiliary control room 24 is formed.
- the auxiliary control room 24 is via an inlet throttle 25 with the nozzle spring chamber 10th in connection.
- the auxiliary control room 24 is over an auxiliary throttle 26 with the control chamber 15 in conjunction.
- the sleeve 16 in the closing movement of the nozzle needle 5 of lift off their seat on the holding body 3. The lifting of the Sleeve 16 from its seat is replaced by the auxiliary throttle 26th guaranteed.
- control valve member 22 is shown by way of example only. In the context of the present invention may as well force balanced solenoid valves or double switching Piezo actuator can be used.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
- Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Common-Rail-Injektor zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in einem Common-Rail-Einspritzsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine, der ein Injektorgehäuse mit einem Kraftstoffzulauf aufweist, der mit einem zentralen Kraftstoffhochdruckspeicher außerhalb des Injektorgehäuses und mit einem Druckraum innerhalb des Injektorgehäuses in Verbindung steht, aus dem mit Hochdruck beaufschlagter Kraftstoff in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung eines Steuerventils eingespritzt wird, das dafür sorgt, dass eine in einer Längsbohrung des Injektors axial gegen die Vorspannkraft einer Düsenfeder, die in einem Düsenfederraum aufgenommen ist, hin- und herbewegbare Düsennadel von einem Sitz abhebt, wenn der Druck in dem Druckraum größer als der Druck in einem Steuerraum ist, der über eine Zulaufdrossel mit dem Kraftstoffzulauf und über einen Kraftstoffablauf mit einem Entlastungsraum verbunden ist.The invention relates to a common rail injector for Injection of fuel in a common rail injection system an internal combustion engine, the one Injector housing having a fuel inlet, the with a central high-pressure fuel storage outside the injector housing and with a pressure chamber within the Injector housing communicates, from the high pressure applied fuel depending on the position a control valve is injected, which ensures that in a longitudinal bore of the injector axially against the biasing force of a nozzle spring in a Nozzle spring space is included, reciprocable Nozzle needle lifts off a seat when the pressure in the Pressure chamber is greater than the pressure in a control room, the via an inlet throttle with the fuel inlet and over a fuel drain connected to a discharge space is.
In Common-Rail-Einspritzsystemen fördert eine Hochdruckpumpe den Kraftstoff in den zentralen Hochdruckspeicher, der als Common Rail bezeichnet wird. Von dem Rail führen Hochdruckleitungen zu den einzelnen Injektoren, die den Motorzylindern zugeordnet sind. Die Injektoren werden einzeln von der Motorelektronik angesteuert. Der Raildruck steht in dem Druckraum und an dem Steuerventil an. Wenn das Steuerventil öffnet, gelangt mit Hochdruck beaufschlagter Kraftstoff an der gegen die Vorspannkraft der Düsenfeder abgehobenen Düsennadel vorbei in den Verbrennungsraum.In common-rail injection systems promotes a High pressure pump the fuel in the central High-pressure accumulator, which is referred to as common rail. From The high-pressure lines lead to the rail to the individual Injectors associated with the engine cylinders. The Injectors are individually from the engine electronics driven. The rail pressure is in the pressure chamber and at the Control valve on. When the control valve opens, gets high pressure acted upon fuel against the biasing force of the Nozzle spring lifted nozzle needle over into the combustion chamber.
Bei herkömmlichen Injektoren, wie sie bspw. aus der DE 197 24 .637 A1 bekannt sind, kommen relativ lange Düsennadeln zum Einsatz. Im Betrieb wirken auf die Düsennadel infolge der hohen Drücke und der schnellen Lastwechsel sehr große Kräfte. Diese Kräfte führen dazu, dass die Düsennadel in Längsrichtung gedehnt und gestaucht wird. Das wiederum hat zur Folge, dass der Düsennadelhub in Abhängigkeit von den auf die Düsennadel wirkenden Kräften variiert.In conventional injectors, such as, for example, from DE 197 24 .637 A1 are known, relatively long nozzle needles are used. Operational act on the nozzle needle as a result of high pressures and fast Load changes very large forces. These forces cause the Nozzle needle is stretched and compressed in the longitudinal direction. That in turn As a result, the nozzle needle stroke depends on the on the Nozzle needle acting forces varies.
Aus der DE 197 44 518 A1 ist ein Injektor bekannt, bei dem der Steuerraum in einer Düsennadel ausgebildet ist. Dieser Steuerrraum wird über eine Zulaufdrossel mit unter Hochdruck stehendem Kraftstoff versorgt. Über ein Steuerventil kann eine hydraulische Verbindung zwischen dem Steuerraum und einem drucklosen Entlastungsraum hergestellt oder getrennt werden.From DE 197 44 518 A1 an injector is known in which the Control chamber is formed in a nozzle needle. This tax room is via an inlet throttle with fuel under high pressure provided. Via a control valve, a hydraulic connection between the control room and an unpressurized discharge room be prepared or separated.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Common-Rail-Injektor der eingangs geschilderten Art bereitzustellen, der einfach aufgebaut und kostengünstig herstellbar ist. Insbesondere soll auch bei hohen Düsennadelgeschwindigkeiten ein gutes Schließverhalten gewährleistet sein.The object of the invention is to provide a common rail injector of the above To provide described type, the simple design and is inexpensive to produce. In particular, should also at high Nozzle needle speeds ensured a good closing behavior be.
Diese Aufgabe ist bei einem Common-Rail-Injektor zur Einspritzung von
Kraftstoff in einem Common-Rail-Einspritzsystem nach dem Oberbegriff
das Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass
dadurch gelöst, dass an dem brennraumfernen Ende der Hülse ein
Hilfssteuerraum ausgebildet ist, der über die Zulaufdrossel mit dem
Düsenfederraum und über eine Hilfsdrossel mit der zylinderförmigen
Ausnehmung in der Düsennadel in Verbindung steht, und dass der
Kraftstoffablauf in den Hilfssteuerraum mündet.This task is with a common rail injector for the injection of
Fuel in a common rail injection system according to the preamble
the
Dadurch wird ein kompakter Common-Rail-Injektor mit Hubsteuerung bereitgestellt, der ein schnelles Schließen der Düsennadel gewährleistet. Bei dieser Injektor kann während der Schließbewegung der Düsennadel die Hülse von ihrem Sitz von dem Injektorgehäuse abheben. Das hat zur Folge, dass der Hilfssteuerraum und die den eigentlichen Steuerraum bildende zylinderförmige Ausnehmung schneller mit unter Hochdruck stehendem Kraftstoff befüllt werden können. Dadurch wird die Schließbewegung der Düsennadel weiter beschleunigt.This becomes a compact common rail injector with stroke control provided a quick closing of the nozzle needle guaranteed. This injector can be used during the closing movement the nozzle needle removes the sleeve from its seat from the injector housing take off. This has the consequence that the auxiliary control room and the actual control room forming cylindrical recess faster can be filled with high-pressure fuel. As a result, the closing movement of the nozzle needle is further accelerated.
Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Injektors ermöglicht Raildrücke von bis zu 1.800 bar.The inventive design of the injector allows rail pressures of up to 1,800 bar.
Eine besondere Ausführungsart der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem brennraumfernen Ende der Düsennadel eine im Wesentlichen zylinderförmige Ausnehmung vorgesehen ist, in der ein äußerer Umfangsabschnitt einer Hülse unter Dichtwirkung axial verschiebbar aufgenommen ist, deren brennraumferne Stirnfläche durch die Vorspannkraft der Düsenfeder gegen das Injektorgehäuse gedrückt wird, und deren Innenraum mit dem Kraftstoffablauf in Verbindung steht. Die Hülse liefert den Vorteil, dass der Steuerraum und der Düsenfederraum am brennraumfernen Ende der Düsennadel kombiniert werden können, ohne dass das Volumen des Steuerraums von dem Bauraum der Düsenfeder abhängt. Deshalb ist es möglich, eine Düsenfeder mit einer hohen Federsteifigkeit einzubauen, die ein gutes Schließen der Düsennadel gewährleistet. Dadurch können die Einspritzdauer und der Einspritzzeitpunkt exakt festgelegt werden.A particular embodiment of the invention is characterized in that in the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle a essentially cylindrical recess is provided in the one outer peripheral portion of a sleeve under sealing effect axially slidably received, the combustion chamber remote end face through the biasing force of the nozzle spring pressed against the injector is, and whose interior in communication with the fuel drain stands. The sleeve provides the advantage that the control room and the Nozzle spring chamber combined at the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle can be, without the volume of the control room of the installation space the nozzle spring depends. Therefore it is possible to use a nozzle spring To install a high spring stiffness, the good closing of the Nozzle needle guaranteed. This allows the duration of injection and the Injection time to be set exactly.
Eine weitere besondere Ausführungsart der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem brennraumfernen Ende der Hülse ein Bund ausgebildet ist, der ein Widerlager für die Düsenfeder bildet, die gegen das brennraumferne Ende der Düsennadel vorgespannt ist. Der Düsenfeder kommt im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Doppelfunktion zu. Erstens wird durch die Vorspannkraft der Düsenfeder die Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at the combustion chamber remote end of the sleeve a collar is formed, which forms an abutment for the nozzle spring, the is biased against the combustion chamber remote end of the nozzle needle. Of the Nozzle spring comes in the context of the present invention Double function too. First, by the biasing force of the nozzle spring the
Schließbewegung der Düsennadel bewirkt und zweitens wird durch die Vorspannkraft der Düsenfeder in Verbindung mit dem Druck im Steuerraum das Steuerraumvolumen festgelegt.Closing movement of the nozzle needle causes and secondly by the Preload force of the nozzle spring in conjunction with the pressure in the control chamber set the control room volume.
Eine weitere besondere Ausführungsart der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der brennraumfernen Stirnfläche der Hülse, die sich in Anlage an dem Injektorgehäuse befindet, eine Beißkante ausgebildet ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass der Steuerraum von dem die Hülse umgebenden Düsenfederraum getrennt wird.Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at the combustion chamber remote end face of the sleeve, the is in abutment with the injector housing, a biting edge is trained. This ensures that the control room of the the sleeve surrounding nozzle spring space is separated.
Eine weitere besondere Ausführungsart der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kraftzulauf über den Düsenfederraum mit dem Druckraum in Verbindung steht, und dass die Düsennadel zwischen dem Düsenfederraum und dem Druckraum geführt ist. Das liefert den Vorteil, dass der Düsennadelführung keine Dichtfunktion mehr zukommt. Damit werden die Anforderungen an die Qualität der Führung geringer, was zur Einsparung in der Fertigung führt. Weil auf beiden Seiten der Führung der gleiche Druck herrscht, tritt zudem keine Führungsleckage mehr auf.Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that the power supply via the nozzle spring chamber with the Pressure chamber communicates, and that the nozzle needle between the Nozzle spring chamber and the pressure chamber is guided. That provides the advantage that the nozzle needle guide no longer has a sealing function. In order to the quality requirements of the leadership are reduced, resulting in Saving in production leads. Because on both sides of the leadership the same pressure prevails, moreover, there is no more pilot leakage on.
Eine weitere besondere Ausführungsart der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Düsennadel zwischen dem Düsenfederraum und dem Druckraum mindestens eine Abflachung ausgebildet ist, an der vorbei Kraftstoff von dem Düsenfederraum in den Druckraum gelangen kann. Diese Ausführungsart bietet insbesondere in Bezug auf die Hochdruckfestigkeit Vorteile.Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that at the nozzle needle between the nozzle spring chamber and the pressure chamber is formed at least one flat at the passing fuel from the nozzle spring chamber into the pressure chamber can. This embodiment offers particular in relation to the High pressure resistance advantages.
Eine weitere besondere Ausführungsart der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zulaufdrossel in die Düsennadel oder in die Hülse integriert ist. Die Zulaufdrossel dient dazu, Druckstöße im Betrieb zu verhindern. Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that the inlet throttle in the nozzle needle or in the Sleeve is integrated. The inlet throttle serves to provide pressure surges in the Prevent operation.
Eine weitere besondere Ausführungsart der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Düsennadelhub durch den axialen Abstand zwischen der Düsennadel und der Hülse definiert ist. Dieser rein mechanische Düsennadelhubendanschlag liefert den Vorteil, dass de Düsennadelhub exakt reproduzierbar ist. Dadurch kann der Einspritzverlauf zuverlässig geformt werden. Ein sogenanntes hydraulisches Kleben wird vermieden.Another particular embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that the nozzle needle stroke by the axial distance is defined between the nozzle needle and the sleeve. This pure Mechanical Düsennadelhubendanschlag provides the advantage that de Düsennadelhub is exactly reproducible. This allows the Injection course can be reliably shaped. A so-called Hydraulic bonding is avoided.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung im Einzelnen beschrieben sind. Dabei können die in den Ansprüchen und in der Beschreibung erwähnten Merkmale jeweils einzeln für sich oder in beliebiger Kombination erfindungswesentlich sein. In der Zeichnung zeigen;
- Fig. 1
- ein Beispiel eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Injektors im Längsschnitt durch das Injektorgehäuse; und
- Fig. 2
- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Injektors im Längsschnitt durch das Injektorgehäuse.
- Fig. 1
- an example of a non-inventive injector in longitudinal section through the injector housing; and
- Fig. 2
- A second embodiment of an injector according to the invention in longitudinal section through the injector.
Das in Fig. 1 im Längsschnitt dargestellte Beispiel eines nicht
erfindungsgemäßen Injektors weist
ein insgesamt mit 1 bezeichnetes Injektorgehäuse auf. Das
Injektorgehäuse 1 umfasst einen Düsenkörper 2, der mit
seinem freien Ende in den Brennraum der zu versorgenden
Brennkraftmaschine ragt. Mit seiner brennraumfernen
Stirnfläche ist der Düsenkörper 2 mittels einer (nicht
dargestellten) Spannmutter axial gegen einen Haltekörper 3
verspannt.The example shown in Fig. 1 in longitudinal section of a not
inventive injector has
a total of 1 designated injector on. The
In dem Düsenkörper 2 ist eine axiale Führungsbohrung 4
ausgespart. In der Führungsbohrung 4 ist eine Düsennadel 5
mit einer Spitze 6 axial verschiebbar geführt. An der
Spitze 6 der Düsennadel 5 ist eine Dichtfläche ausgebildet,
die mit einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt, der an dem
Düsenkörper 2 ausgebildet ist. Der Durchmesser des
Dichtsitzes ist mit ds angegeben. Wenn sich die Spitze 6
der Düsennadel 5 mit ihrer Dichtfläche in Anlage an dem
Dichtsitz befindet, ist ein Spritzloch 7 in dem Düsenkörper
2 geschlossen. Wenn die Düsennadelspitze 6 von ihrem Sitz
abhebt, wird mit Hochdruck beaufschlagter Kraftstoff durch
das Spritzloch 7 in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine
eingespritzt. Der Hub der Düsennadel 5 ist mit H
bezeichnet.In the
Ausgehend von der Spitze 6 weist die Düsennadel 5 drei
Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern d1, d2 und d3
auf. Der Durchmesser d1 ist etwas kleiner als der
Durchmesser d2. Infolge des Durchmesserunterschiedes
zwischen d2 und d1 ergibt sich ein Ringraum 8 in der Nähe
zu dem brennraumnahen Ende des Düsenkörpers 2. Der Ringraum
8 wird auch als Druckraum bezeichnet. Der Durchmesser d2
der Düsennadel 5 entspricht im vorliegenden Beispiel dem
Durchmesser d3 an der Düsennadel 5. Der Durchmesser d2 wird
auch als Führungsdurchmesser bezeichnet. Der Durchmesser d3
wird auch als Steuerdurchmesser bezeichnet. Im vorliegenden
Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Außendurchmesser d2 der
Düsennadel 5 gleich dem Innendurchmesser d3 der Ausnehmung
14 in dem brennraumfernen Ende der Düsennadel 5. Der
Durchmesser d3 kann aber auch kleiner als der Durchmesser
d2 sein.Starting from the
In dem Führungsabschnitt der Düsennadel 5 mit dem
Durchmesser d2 ist mindestens eine Abflachung 9
ausgebildet. Die Abflachung 9 schafft eine Verbindung
zwischen einem Düsenfederraum 10 und dem Druckraum 8. Der
Düsenfederraum 10 ist von dem Düsenkörper 2 und dem
Haltekörper 3 umgeben. In dem Haltekörper 3 ist ein
Kraftstoffzulauf 11 ausgebildet, der in den Düsenfederraum
10 mündet. In dem Düsenfederraum 10 ist eine Düsenfeder 12
angeordnet. Die Düsenfeder 12 stützt sich an der
brennraumfernen Stirnfläche der Düsennadel 5 ab. Im Zentrum
der brennraumfernen Stirnfläche der Düsennadel 5 befindet
sich eine zylinderförmige Ausnehmung 14, die einen
Steuerraum 15 umgibt.In the guide section of the
In dem Bereich der zylinderförmigen Ausnehmung 14 mit dem
Durchmesser d3 ist eine Hülse 16 an ihrer äußeren
Mantelfläche geführt. Am brennraumfernen Ende der Hülse 16
ist ein Bund 17 ausgebildet, der ein Widerlager für die
vorgespannte Düsenfeder 12 bildet. Außerdem ist an der
brennraumfernen Stirnfläche der Hülse 16 eine Beißkante 18
ausgebildet, die sich in Anlage an dem Haltekörper 3
befindet.In the region of the
Der Steuerraum 15 steht über eine Zulaufdrossel 19 mit dem
Düsenfederraum 10 in Verbindung. Außerdem steht der
Steuerraum 15 über den Innenraum der Hülse 16 mit einem
Kraftstoffablauf 20 in Verbindung. In dem Kraftstoffablauf
20 befindet sich eine Ablaufdrossel 21. Der
Kraftstoffablauf 20 ist durch ein Steuerventilglied 22
verschlossen. Wenn das Steuerventilglied 22 von seinem Sitz
abhebt, wird der Kraftstoffablauf 20 mit einem (nicht
dargestellten) Druckentlastungsraum verbunden.The
Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Common-Rail-Injektor
funktioniert wie folgt: Über den Kraftstoffzulauf 11
gelangt mit Hochdruck beaufschlagter Kraftstoff aus dem
Rail in den Düsenfederraum 10. Von dort gelangt der mit
Hochdruck beaufschlagte Kraftstoff einerseits über die
Zulaufdrossel 19 in den Steuerraum 15 und andererseits an
der Abflachung 9 vorbei in den Druckraum 8. Die
Durchmesserverhältnisse sind in bekannter Weise so gewählt,
dass sich die Düsennadel 5 infolge des Hochdrucks in dem
Steuerraum 15 mit ihrer Spitze 6 in Anlage an dem
Düsennadelsitz befindet. Wenn das Steuerventilglied 22
öffnet, wird der Steuerraum 15 entlastet, und die
Düsennadelspitze 6 hebt von ihrem Sitz ab. Dann wird so
lange mit Hochdruck beaufschlagter Kraftstoff durch das
Spritzloch 7 in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine
eingespritzt, bis das Steuerventilglied 22 wieder schließt.
Das hat dann zur Folge, dass der Druck in dem Steuerraum 15
ansteigt und die Düsennadel 5 aufgrund der Vorspannkraft
der Düsenfeder 12 mit ihrer Spitze 6 wieder gegen den
zugehörigen Düsennadelsitz gedrückt wird.The illustrated in Fig. 1 common rail injector
works as follows: About the
Das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht weitgehend dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Beispiel. Der Einfachheit halber werden zur Bezeichnung gleicher Teile dieselben Bezugszeichen verwendet. Außerdem wird, um Wiederholungen zu vermeiden, auf die vorstehende Beschreibung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels verwiesen. Im Folgenden wird nur auf die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Beispielen eingegangen.The embodiment shown in Fig. 2 corresponds largely to the example shown in FIG. For simplicity, be Designation of the same parts the same reference numerals used. In addition, to avoid repetition, to the above description of the first Reference example. The following is only up the differences between the two examples received.
Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel
ist an dem brennraumfernen Ende der Hülse 16 ein
Hilfssteuerraum 24 ausgebildet. Der Hilfssteuerraum 24
steht über eine Zulaufdrossel 25 mit dem Düsenfederraum 10
in Verbindung. Außerdem steht der Hilfssteuerraum 24 über
eine Hilfsdrossel 26 mit dem Steuerraum 15 in Verbindung.
Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel kann
die Hülse 16 in der Schließbewegung der Düsennadel 5 von
ihrem Sitz an dem Haltekörper 3 abheben. Das Abheben der
Hülse 16 von ihrem Sitz wird durch die Hilfsdrossel 26
gewährleistet. Wenn das Steuerventilglied 22 schließt,
füllt sich zunächst der Hilfssteuerraum 24 mit
hochdruckbeaufschlagtem Kraftstoff, und dann erst der
Steuerraum 15.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2
is at the combustion chamber remote end of the sleeve 16 a
Das Steuerventilglied 22 ist nur beispielhaft dargestellt.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung können genauso gut
kraftausgeglichene Magnetventile oder doppelschaltende
Piezo-Steller verwendet werden.The
Claims (8)
- Common-rail injector for injecting fuel in a common-rail injection system of an internal combustion engine, which has an injector housing (1) with a fuel inflow (11) which is connected to a central fuel highpressure accumulator outside the injector housing (1) and to a pressure space inside the injector housing (1), from which pressure space fuel, which is subjected to high pressure, is injected as a function of the position of a control valve (22), which control valve (22) ensures that a nozzle needle (5), which can move to and fro in a longitudinal bore (4) of the injector in the axial direction counter to the prestressing force of a nozzle spring (12) which is accommodated in a nozzle spring space (10), lifts off from a seat if the pressure in the pressure space (8) is higher than the pressure in a control space (15) which is connected to the fuel inflow (11) via an inflow throttle (25), and to a relief space via a fuel outflow (20), wherein the control space (15) is integrated into the end of the nozzle needle (5) which is remote from the combustion chamber, characterized in that an auxiliary control space (24) is formed at the end of the sleeve (16) which is remote from the combustion chamber, said auxiliary control space (24) being connected to the nozzle spring space (10) via the inflow throttle (25), and to the control space (15) via an auxiliary throttle (26), and in that the fuel outflow (20) opens into the auxiliary control space (24).
- Common-rail injector according to Claim 1, characterized in that an essentially cylindrical recess (14) is provided in the end of the nozzle needle (5) which is remote from the combustion chamber, in which recess (14) an external circumferential section of a sleeve (16) is accommodated so as to be displaceable in the axial direction with a sealing effect and whose end face which is remote from the combustion chamber is pressed against the injector housing (1) by the prestressing force of the nozzle spring (12), and whose internal space is connected to the fuel outflow (20).
- Common-rail injector according to Claim 2, characterized in that a collar (17) is formed on the end (16) of the sleeve which is remote from the combustion chamber, which collar (17) forms an abutment for the nozzle spring (12) which is prestressed against the end of the nozzle needle (15) which is remote from the combustion chamber.
- Common-rail injector according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a biting edge (18) is formed on the end face of the sleeve (16) which is remote from the combustion chamber and which bears against the injector housing (1).
- Common-rail injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel inflow (11) is connected to the pressure space (8) via the nozzle spring space (10), and in that the nozzle needle (5) is guided between the nozzle spring space (10) and the pressure space (8).
- Common-rail injector according to Claim 5, characterized in that at least one flattened portion (9) is formed on the nozzle needle (5) between the nozzle spring space (10) and the pressure space (8), past which flattened portion (9) fuel can flow from the nozzle spring space (10) into the pressure space (8).
- Common-rail injector according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the inflow throttle (19; 25) is integrated into the nozzle needle (5) or into the sleeve (16).
- Common-rail injector according to one of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the nozzle needle stroke (H) is defined by the axial distance between the nozzle needle (5) and the sleeve (16).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19936669 | 1999-08-04 | ||
| DE19936669A DE19936669A1 (en) | 1999-08-04 | 1999-08-04 | Common rail injector |
| PCT/DE2000/002532 WO2001011220A1 (en) | 1999-08-04 | 2000-08-01 | Common rail injector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1117922A1 EP1117922A1 (en) | 2001-07-25 |
| EP1117922B1 true EP1117922B1 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
Family
ID=7917135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00962184A Expired - Lifetime EP1117922B1 (en) | 1999-08-04 | 2000-08-01 | Common rail injector |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1117922B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003506621A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20010075416A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE291169T1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ20011138A3 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19936669A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001011220A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013225107A1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector, in particular common-rail injector for self-igniting internal combustion engines |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10031573A1 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | High pressure resistant injector for fuel injection in a compact design |
| DE10036868B4 (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2004-07-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injector for an injection system comprising a high-pressure plenum |
| DE10037571A1 (en) | 2000-08-02 | 2002-02-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector and method for adjusting it |
| DE10100390A1 (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2002-07-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Injector |
| DE10111783B4 (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2005-10-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | injection |
| DE10152268A1 (en) * | 2001-10-20 | 2003-04-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Injector |
| DE10155187B4 (en) * | 2001-11-12 | 2007-08-16 | L'orange Gmbh | Injection injector for internal combustion engines |
| DE10250720A1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injector |
| DE102004018931A1 (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Common rail injector |
| JP4868524B2 (en) * | 2007-04-09 | 2012-02-01 | ボッシュ株式会社 | Fuel injection valve |
| JP7322820B2 (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2023-08-08 | 株式会社デンソー | valve device |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB862382A (en) * | 1959-04-01 | 1961-03-08 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Sliding type fuel injection valve |
| US4700891A (en) * | 1985-10-02 | 1987-10-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electromagnetically actuatable fuel injection valve |
| EP0449763B1 (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1994-10-12 | Stanadyne Automotive Corp. | Fuel injector |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19724637A1 (en) | 1997-06-11 | 1998-12-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Injector |
| DE19744518A1 (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 1999-04-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine |
| DE19954023B4 (en) * | 1998-11-30 | 2009-02-26 | Denso Corp., Kariya-shi | High-pressure fuel injection device |
-
1999
- 1999-08-04 DE DE19936669A patent/DE19936669A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-08-01 AT AT00962184T patent/ATE291169T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-01 CZ CZ20011138A patent/CZ20011138A3/en unknown
- 2000-08-01 KR KR1020017003938A patent/KR20010075416A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-01 WO PCT/DE2000/002532 patent/WO2001011220A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-01 JP JP2001515446A patent/JP2003506621A/en active Pending
- 2000-08-01 DE DE50009786T patent/DE50009786D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-01 EP EP00962184A patent/EP1117922B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB862382A (en) * | 1959-04-01 | 1961-03-08 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Sliding type fuel injection valve |
| US4700891A (en) * | 1985-10-02 | 1987-10-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electromagnetically actuatable fuel injection valve |
| EP0449763B1 (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1994-10-12 | Stanadyne Automotive Corp. | Fuel injector |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013225107A1 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector, in particular common-rail injector for self-igniting internal combustion engines |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1117922A1 (en) | 2001-07-25 |
| WO2001011220A1 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
| CZ20011138A3 (en) | 2002-01-16 |
| DE19936669A1 (en) | 2001-02-22 |
| KR20010075416A (en) | 2001-08-09 |
| ATE291169T1 (en) | 2005-04-15 |
| DE50009786D1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
| JP2003506621A (en) | 2003-02-18 |
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