EP1117882B1 - Fixing element and method for fixing insulation tracks or plates on a fixed substructure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fixing element (1) for fixing insulation and scaling tracks on a fixed substructure. Said element comprises a screw (9) and a large washer (7) with a cylindrical extension (8). The screw (9) has two thread segments (13, 14), wherein one thread segment (13) interacts with the through hole in a reciprocal thread engagement located in a narrowed area (12) of the cylindrical extension (8). An axial relative movement of both parts can be achieved by reciprocally rotating the cylindrical extension (8) and the screw (9).

Description

The invention relates to a fastener for securing insulation tracks or plates and optionally additional waterproofing membranes on a fixed Substructure consisting of a screw which extends over at least part of the length of its Stem is provided with a thread and has a screw head, and a large-area washer with a tubular extension, wherein the extension of the Washer at least over a large portion of its length to the rotatable recording and axial displacement of the screw head sufficiently large Has inner cross section and at its the Untsriegscheibe remote end region for Passage of the shank of the screw is narrowed, taking a section of the one with Threaded shank of the screw form fit into the through hole of the Extension engages. Further, the invention relates to a method for fixing Insulation tracks or plates and optionally additional sealing sheets or bituminous sub-layers on a solid substructure of thin concrete, with one out a screw and a large washer with a tubular extension existing Bafestigungselement.

The renovation of Dachbereichan, in which by multiple application of insulation and Waterproofing membranes as well as bituminous material remediation experiments carried out is a particular problem. As a rule, is among such structures a Substructure of thin Baton available, which in the attachment of the new applied insulation and waterproofing membranes should not be broken, as this often forms the ceiling on the inside of a building. Since you are not from In the first place knows how thick the existing structure is and not for every thickness the construction of an end fastener or other large-area washer with To have to use a tubular extension, to compensate for the Overall length of the fastener may be present.

In itself solutions are known in which the fastener in the tubular extension is telescopically displaceable, whereby a change in the overall length can be achieved However, such an embodiment is precisely in a roof structure in which the large-area washer is to be pressed onto the uppermost sealing sheet, not advantageous.

There are also known designs in which a threaded portion of a screw formschlössig engages in the passage opening of the extension (WO89 / 02504) to thereby creating a rigid connection in the axial direction, as well as not twisting is conceivable. In order for the thread to be able to fix in place, the screw must reach the end Resting the screw head are turned up.

In another known embodiment is a washer with tubular extension provided (EP 0 288 023 A), whose rigid, sleeve-shaped portion of the thickness of fastened insulating tracks corresponds. An expandable extension of the extension penetrates the substructure, one in one at the free end of the spreadable extension trained sleeve engaging screw when turning a tightening and thus the Spreading causes.

Applications for attaching insulation and Abdichtungsbehnen on a substructure thin concrete or other materials such as e.g. Sheet metal, etc. are also at New buildings, if a relatively thick insulation track is used. Also in this case should the Total length of the fastener of the fastener itself and of the tubular extension of the large-area washer are formed, wherein in one relatively large area a balance of different overall thickness of the fastened Materials should be possible. Especially for cases in which such Ausgieich be possible should and the well-known. Telescopic design of the mutual displacement of Fastener and tubular extension is not desirable, so far none Possible solutions.

The present invention has therefore set itself the task of a fastener and to provide a method of the type mentioned by soft using a fastener and a large Unterlegschsibe with a tubular extension large mounting lengths can be bridged, while still a proper Contact pressure of the large washer on the top sealing or Insulation path is made possible.

According to the invention, this is achieved in that the screw at least over a majority of Length of the shaft is threaded, which is the same throughout Has thread pitch, and that the outer diameter of the threaded provided shank of the screw is greater than the free passage opening of the narrowed Area of the tubular extension, so that the screw and the tubular extension in its narrowed region by means of a mutual threaded engagement in operative connection stand or by screwing the screw into the through hole in such Wirkverbindung can be brought to an axial adjustment by turning the tubular To cause extension against the screw.

By these measures according to the invention, the washer can with the tubular Extension pushed into a suitably prepared hole throughout the structure be, with a washer with a tubular extension in the existing Length is used. When screwing in the fastener in the substructure this comes with a corresponding threaded portion simultaneously in an operative connection with the tubular extension, so that a telescopic axial displacement between fastener and tubular extension is no longer possible. The fastener and washer with the tubular extension then form an axially stable fastener. Since the Fasteners and the narrowed portion of the tubular extension, however, in one Mutually threaded engagement, the washer can together with the tubular Extension - if necessary - subsequently still be twisted whereby, for example, the contact pressure of the large-area washer on the top the insulation or the waterproofing membrane can be increased. By twisting the This large washer is namely this according to the thread pitch on the fastener in the axial direction pulled further inward, or the contact pressure can be tightened by turning back the washer and thus the tubular extension can be reduced.

An advantageous embodiment provides that the screw at least over a large part the length of the shaft is threaded. This can be a big area be utilized for a required total length of the fastener, because of Fastener may more or less in the tubular extension of the washer protrude. It is always important that a threaded portion of the fastener with the narrowed area at the free end portion of the tubular extension in threaded engagement stands. For this reason, it is for the maximum utilization of the length of the fastener and the length of the tubular extension advantageous if the screw on the entire length of the shaft is threaded.

A further advantageous construction is seen in that on the shank of the screw two are provided differently shaped threaded sections. This may be the circumstance Be taken into account that in the substructure, which is ultimately the whole structure is to be attached, adapted to the substructure thread and in the mutual Engagement region between the screw and the narrowed portion of the tubular Fortsatzes the most optimal thread shape can be provided.

In this context, it is advantageous if the two threaded portions on the shaft the screw of different diameter, but the same thread pitch exhibit. In order to have more optimal intervention options, it may be appropriate in the Substructure to drive with a smaller outer diameter. In addition, this is the Possibility that, for example, a smaller diameter first Thread section not even through the narrowed portion of the tubular extension must be threaded through. Especially for a pre-assembly of the fastener in the tubular extension, this means an advantageous measure.

For a special surface, it may be advantageous if the threaded portion with the smaller diameter at the free end of the shank of the screw as two-start thread is formed. In such a case, it is also possible that in the two-start thread of a threaded portion, the two threads have different outer diameter. Such a constructive design proves especially in direct use in concrete advantageous.

A further advantageous embodiment provides that in two threaded sections different diameter, the passage opening at the constricted area of the tubular extension approximately to the outer diameter of the portion of the shaft corresponds to the smaller diameter thread. This can be done during a pre-assembly first centering the free end of the fastener in the narrowed area, after which a captive pre-assembly is possible with one or more revolutions.

In the tubular extension is provided in a structurally simple manner that the Through opening in the narrowed region of the tubular extension made cylindrical is. This is practically in a corresponding core hole of the fastener used Thread cut or pressed into it. Basically, it is also conceivable in the Area of the passage opening from the outset a corresponding threaded hole However, such a measure, however, significantly higher production costs brings the tubular extension with it.

Another possibility arises when the passage opening in the narrowed Area of the tubular extension in cross section out of round or with on the wall trained ribs, surveys, nubs, notches or the like is executed. On this way may not be a circumferentially closed thread engagement present, but this is not necessary for corresponding applications. It only has to be ensured that a mutual axial adjustment between the Fastener and the tubular extension by a mutual relative rotation with a feed corresponding to the thread engagement takes place.

In the method according to the invention it is proposed that for the time being in the insulation tracks or plates, waterproofing membranes and possibly additional Layers existing structure a substantially the outer diameter of the tubular extension corresponding hole is made, then in the existing concrete Substructure one on the thread of the screw or possibly on a dowel is made to use the screw adapted hole, then the Washer with the tubular extension and the screw can be inserted and the Screw is screwed on the intended penetration depth, the screw while a Mating thread in the narrowed end of the extension einformt or in there trained threaded engages, and finally when needed a stronger contact pressure the washer on the top waterproofing membrane, the washer together with the tubular, with the thread on the screw operatively connected extension is rotated relative to the screw.

Such a procedure can not only be used for the renovation of existing roof structures, but also for new structures made an optimal attachment. Especially with Renovation measures on a substructure, where it is not clear from the outset how Thick this structure is, proves the fastener described in the Connection with the method according to the invention of particular advantage. Alone by the preparation of the first bore in the entire structure may be a kind Test hole are created by means of which the total thickness of the structure can be determined. Then fasteners with more coordinated Length of the tubular extension and corresponding length of the screw used become. Optimal is also the possibility that subsequently, i. after the final Setting the fastener, the contact pressure of the washer can still be regulated, by turning the washer against the fastener.

In this context, an advantageous further measure of the method is to see that the top edge of the through the tubular extension in the washer formed opening can be brought into operative connection with a drive tool. It requires it only a corresponding friction between the tool and the washer, to effect a twisting and thus a tightening or loosening thereof.

Fig. 1

ein erfindungsgemäßes Befestigungselement, wobei die großflächige Unterlegscheibe mit dem rohrförmigen Fortsatz geschnitten dargestellt ist;

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt durch einen Dachaufbau mit einem eingesetzten Befestigungselement;

Fig. 3 bis Fig. 8

die einzelnen aufeinander folgenden Verfahrensschritte zur Herstellung einer Befestigung mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungselement.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a fastener according to the invention, wherein the large-area washer is shown cut with the tubular extension;

Fig. 2

a section through a roof structure with an inserted fastener;

Fig. 3 to Fig. 8

the individual successive process steps for producing a fastening with a fastening element according to the invention.

The fastener 1 is used for attachment of insulation tracks 2 and optionally additional waterproofing membranes 3 or for example additional bituminous Undercoats 4 or other Unierbaumaterialien 5 on a solid substructure 6. In the The example shown is the fixed substructure 6, to which the entire structure ultimately to be attached, designed as a thin-walled concrete element.

The fastener 1 consists of a large washer 7 with a tubular extension 8 and a screw 9. The screw 9 is with a Screw head 10 and a shaft 11 is provided, which at least over a part whose length is threaded.

The tubular extension 8 has at least over a large portion of its length a central recess, which for rotatable recording and axial displacement of the screw head 10 has a sufficiently large inner cross-section. At the the Washer 7 facing away from a narrowed region 12 is executed, the However, the passage of the shaft 11 of the screw 9 allowed. But the shaft 11 can not slidably passed through the constricted region 12 in the axial direction are, since the outer diameter DA of the threaded shaft 11th is greater than the free passage opening of the constricted area 12. Thus, the Possibility created that in the narrowed region of the tubular extension mutual threaded engagement between the screw 9 and the inner wall of the Passage opening is given.

The screw 9 has at least a majority of the length of the shank a thread on. To achieve a greater adjustment between the screw and the However, this thread is advantageous over the entire length of the tubular extension 8 Shank 11 out.

In the illustrated embodiment of the fastening element are on the shaft 11 of the Screw 9 two differently shaped threaded portions 13 and 14 are provided. These two threaded portions 13 and 14 suitably have different diameters, however, the same thread pitch on. This prevents already when setting the screw 9, i. when screwing the screw 9 in the ground 6, an axial Relative movement between the screw 9 and the tubular extension 8 takes place. Of the tubular extension 8 and thus also the large washer 7 remain until final setting of the screw 9 in the original starting position. Then it is However, an additional tightening and pressing the washer 7 by turning the same together with the tubular extension possible.

Due to the special design of the threaded sections, an adaptation to the materials, in which they are to be screwed, done. So is just at the proposed Example provided, the threaded portion 14 with the smaller diameter at the free Form end portion of the shaft 11 as a double-threaded thread, the two Threads have different outer diameters.

The two threaded portions 13 and 14 with the different diameter are in the proposed embodiment so on the passage opening at the narrowed area 12th of the tubular extension 8 matched that the outer diameter of the portion of the Shank 11 with the smaller diameter thread approximately the cross section of Passage opening at the narrowed portion 12 corresponds. Thus, in a pre-assembly the screw 9 in the tubular extension 8 of the first threaded portion 14 by simply the narrowed portion 12 are pushed through, so that only the threaded portion 13th engages in the wall of the passage opening in the narrowed region 12.

The passage opening in the narrowed region 12 of the tubular extension 8 is designed advantageously cylindrical, the thread of the einzudrehenden screw or but already made from the outset in the manufacture of the tubular extension 8 becomes. Also in the region of the passage opening in the narrowed region 12 are various embodiments possible. So it is conceivable, the cross section out of round or in the region of the wall of the passage opening ribs, elevations, Provide nubs, notches or the like. To prevent axial mutual Displaceability should be at least a mutual intervention on the thread of Screw 9 or via a threaded portion 13 of the screw 9 with the tubular Extension. Should be possible only an axial adjustment by the tubular Extension against the screw 9 is rotated.

With reference to FIGS. 3 to 8 is still the inventive method for attaching Insulation sheets 2 and additional sealing sheets 3 on a fixed base 6 from explained a thin concrete slab. It is assumed that the screw with its threaded portion 14 formed at the free end engages directly into the substructure 6. It is also conceivable, however, to provide a hole for a dowel in the substructure, in which a screw is screwed in.

Fig. 3 shows the first step. So that the hole 15 in roof structures with bituminous Pads not glued to the drilling dust and possible pebbles, a twist drill 16 used, wherein the drilling is advantageously carried out without impact. The Bore 15 is made so deep until the free end of the drill on the base 6 for Plant comes.

4 illustrates how with a special boring bar 17 the hole 18 in the substructure 6 is manufactured. From an optimal hole is then spoken when the drill 19 no noticeable feed brings more or a noise change of the hammer drill makes noticeable. The larger diameter A of the drill rod is used for support and thus as a stop on the surface of the substructure 6.

Now, the large washer together with the tubular extension and the screw into the prepared hole 15 are inserted (Fig. 5). By means of an a torque screwdriver connected screw 20, which in a Engaging opening on the head 10 of the screw 9 engages, now the screw is screwed. The screwing takes place until the designated in Fig. 1 threaded portion 14 in the rule has completely penetrated into the substructure 6, i. the screw 9 at the bottom of the Hole 18 is seated. By previous pull-out tests can be determined how high the necessary moment is to be able to switch off the torque wrench in time.

Thus, the fastener 1 would already set properly, and the large area Washer is normally firmly attached to the top of the entire to be fastened Construction on. As can be seen in particular in FIGS. 7 and 8, however, it may happen that the large washer 7 is not optimal on the top Sealing sheet 3 rests, i. the bias on the top cover of the entire structure is not given or is too low. That's why it's another beneficial Possibility that brings the present invention, that by twisting the large area Washer 7 together with the tubular extension 8 of the extension 8 by the threaded engagement with the screw 9 is pulled in the axial direction, wherein these Rotational movement is carried out until a sufficient preload and thus Edition of the large washer 7 on the waterproofing membrane 3 takes place.

Fig. 7 shows the situation after the final setting of the screw 9. Here is proposed to form a special attachment 21 on the screw 20, the For example, as shown in FIG. 8, it may be advanced to a deployed position. The special attachment 21 has a substantially conical projection 22, which with Ribs is provided. In this embodiment, the intent 21 by a small amount in the Outside lying end portion of the tubular extension 8 are pressed so that a Rotational drive takes place. The final setting of the fastener is done by yourself the tubular extension 8 moves downwards along the threaded portion 13, whereby the screw itself further led into the interior of the tubular extension 8 becomes.

It is quite conceivable, on the upper, facing the large washer 7 End of the tubular extension 8 a kind of key attack or any form of a To provide tool attack. In the formation of the tubular extension made of plastic But enough to engage with a special attachment 21 to the necessary friction for a To achieve rotational drive.

In the fastener according to the invention, the large-area washer and the tubular extension advantageously made in one piece from a plastic material. Of course, there is also the possibility of the washer and the produce tubular extension of other materials. So it is conceivable one Provide large-area washer 7 made of metal, in which then simply a kind tubular extension with a corresponding collar or at all with an axial Operative connection for mutual fixation of washer and tubular extension is inserted. The screw 9 can also be made of various materials be, especially from stainless material. For attachment to a e.g. out Metal or aerated concrete existing substructure, it is also conceivable, the screw 9 with to equip a self-drilling or self-hole forming tip.

The essential measure according to the invention, namely that the tubular extension and the Screw 9 can be in a mutual threaded engagement with a variety of Variants of the screw, the tubular extension and the large-area Washer can be achieved.

Claims (11)

1. A fastening element (1) for fastening insulating sheets (2) or panels and optionally additional sealing sheets (3) on a fixed substructure (6), comprising a screw (9) which is provided with a screw-thread at least over part of the length of its shank (11) and has a screw head (10), and a large-area washer (7) with a tubular extension (8), wherein the extension (8) of the washer (7) at least over a large portion of its length has a sufficiently large internal cross-section to receive the screw head (10) rotatably and for the axial displacement thereof, and which at its end zone (12) remote from the washer (7) is narrowed for the passage of the shank (11) of the screw (9), wherein one portion of the shank (11) of the screw (9) provided with a screw-thread engages in a form-locking manner into the opening of the extension (8), characterised in that at least over a majority of the length of the shank (11) the screw (9) is provided with a screw-thread which has the same thread pitch over its full length, and in that the outer diameter (DA) of the shank (11) of the screw (9) provided with a screw-thread is larger than the free opening of the narrowed zone (12) of the tubular extension (8) so that the screw (9) and the tubular extension (8) in its narrowed zone (12) are operatively connected by means of mutual threaded engagement or can be brought into such an operative connection by screwing the screw (9) into the opening so as to effect axial displacement by rotating the tubular extension (8) with respect to the screw (9).
2. A fastening element according to Claim 1, characterised in that the screw (9) is provided with a screw-thread over the entire length of the shank (11).
3. A fastening element according to Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that two differently formed threaded portions (13,14) are provided on the shank (11) of the screw (9).
4. A fastening element according to Claim 3, characterised in that the two threaded portions (13,14) on the shank (11) of the screw (9) are of different diameter but have the same thread pitch.
5. A fastening element according to Claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the threaded portion (14) with the smaller diameter at the free end portion of the shank (11) of the screw (9) is in the form of a two-start screw-thread.
6. A fastening element according to Claim 5, characterised in that in the case of the two-start thread of one threaded portion (14) the two threads are of different outer diameter.
7. A fastening element according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that in the case of two threaded portions (13,14) of different diameter the opening in the narrowed zone (12) of the tubular extension (8) corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of the portion (14) of the shank (11) with the screw-thread of smaller diameter.
8. A fastening element according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the opening is cylindrically formed in the narrowed zone (12) of the tubular extension (8).
9. A fastening element according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the opening in the narrowed zone (12) of the tubular extension (8) is non-circular in cross-section or is designed to have ribs, elevations, projections, notches or the like formed on the walls.
10. A method of fastening insulating sheets (2) or panels and optionally additional sealing sheets (3) or bituminous lower courses on a fixed substructure (6) consisting of thin concrete, with a fastening element according to any one of Claims 1 to 9 comprising a screw (9) and a large-area washer (7) with a tubular extension (8), characterised in that firstly a bore (15) corresponding substantially to the outer diameter of the tubular extension (8) is made in the structure consisting of insulating sheets (2) or panels, sealing sheets (3) and optionally additional layers (4,5), then a bore (18) is made in the substructure (6) consisting of concrete, which bore is adapted to the screw-thread of the screw (9) or optionally to a dowel for the insertion of the screw (9), subsequently the washer (7) with the tubular extension (8) and the screw (9) are inserted and the screw (9) is screwed in to the intended penetration depth, whereupon the screw forms a mating thread in the narrowed end portion (12) of the extension (8) or engages in a screw-thread formed therein, and finally when a relatively high contact force of the washer (7) on the uppermost sealing sheet (3) is required the washer (7) together with the tubular extension (8) in operative connection with the screw-thread on the screw (9) is rotated relative to the screw (9).
11. A method according to Claim 10, characterised in that the uppermost rim of the opening formed by the tubular extension (8) in the washer (7) can be brought into operative connection with a driving tool.

Images