EP1113474A1 - Chambre de coupure pour disjoncteur de moyenne et/ou de haute tension - Google Patents

Chambre de coupure pour disjoncteur de moyenne et/ou de haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1113474A1
EP1113474A1 EP99204619A EP99204619A EP1113474A1 EP 1113474 A1 EP1113474 A1 EP 1113474A1 EP 99204619 A EP99204619 A EP 99204619A EP 99204619 A EP99204619 A EP 99204619A EP 1113474 A1 EP1113474 A1 EP 1113474A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc chamber
chamber according
disks
arc
disk
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99204619A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Silvio Stangherlin
Silvia Volponi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP99204619A priority Critical patent/EP1113474A1/fr
Publication of EP1113474A1 publication Critical patent/EP1113474A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/22—Selection of fluids for arc-extinguishing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arc chamber for medium and/or high voltage circuit breakers which contains, as electric arc quenching means, a fluorinated dielectric fluid, in particular a perfluoropolyether (PFPE).
  • PFPE perfluoropolyether
  • medium- and high-voltage circuit breakers comprise an insulating casing in which there is an interruption chamber with interruption mechanisms constituted by at least one fixed contact and at least one moving contact. Opening/closure manoeuvres of the circuit breaker are performed by engaging/disengaging the fixed contacts with respect to the moving contacts by using known actuation devices.
  • one of the most common fluids used to quench the electric arc in medium and/or high-voltage circuit breakers is constituted by a mineral oil: mineral oils, however, in addition to being dangerously flammable, can sometimes lead to unacceptable drawbacks, such as the generation of hydrogen, methane and carbon residuals.
  • gaseous substances such as nitrogen, noble gases, compressed air, sulphur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) and mixtures thereof. With these substances it is indispensable to use devices for monitoring the pressure of the gas used and for replenishing it in order to maintain the dielectric performance of the system.
  • non-flammable liquids such as for example mixtures of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) or of perfluorocarbons (PFC); these liquids are highly limited in their use because in the presence of electric arcs they undergo a decomposition, which produces reactive and toxic by-products. Since these reactive substances are unacceptable from the point of view of environmental impact, they require the adoption of disposal procedures typical of toxic waste.
  • CFC chlorofluorocarbons
  • PFC perfluorocarbons
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a medium and/or high voltage circuit breaker, which is intrinsically safe, i.e. which does not use as arc quenching medium flammable fluids and in which the production of potentially hazardous substances is reduced.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a medium and high voltage circuit breaker, which does not require frequent maintenance interventions.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a medium and high voltage circuit breaker which does not require complex monitoring systems of the status of the arc quenching fluid.
  • the arc chamber of the invention for medium and/or high voltage circuit breakers, comprises at least one fixed contact and at least one moving contact and a dielectric fluid, said dielectric fluid being a perfluoropolyether.
  • the arc chamber of the invention further comprises a plurality of disks housing at least one first active filter being suitable for neutralising the chemically reactive species that originate from the decomposition and/or recombination of the dielectric fluid following an electric arc.
  • the arc chamber thus conceived is intrinsically safe since it does not contain flammable products. Also, the action of chemically reactive species is limited or even avoided by the proper location of active filters inside the chamber.
  • the arc chamber comprises, in a general embodiment, a moving contact 30 and a fixed contact (not shown in the figures).
  • the arc chamber further comprises a plurality of disks 10 which house at least one active filter 30.
  • the said active filter is suitable for neutralising the chemically reactive species that originate form the decomposition and/or recombination of the dielectric fluid following an electric arc.
  • the arc chamber preferably contains two of said active filters.
  • the dielectric fluid used in the arc chamber according to the invention is a perfluoropolyether (PFPE), preferably of the family having the following chemical formula:
  • the endcaps can be constituted by HCF 2 (one or both) or CF 3 (preferably no more than one).
  • HCF 2 one or both
  • CF 3 preferably no more than one.
  • HCF 2 endcap hydrofluoropolyether
  • perfluoropolyethers can be chosen from a wide range of molecular weights; for example, for molecular weight 2,000 it is possible to have m and n equal to approximately 11, or m and n can be chosen in a ratio of 1:3.
  • the plurality of disks 10 can be commonly made by injection moulding of, for example, a fiber reinforced epoxy resin or, alternatively, PTFE.
  • the disks contain a hole 131 for housing the moving contact 20.
  • FIG. 1 A preferred embodiment of the arc chamber according to the invention will be now described with reference to figure 1, in which an exploded view of the arc chamber according to the present invention is given. Obviously, when the arc chamber is assembled the various disks are in contact with each other.
  • the arc chamber comprises an upper disk 11, a lower disk 12 and at least one intermediate disk 13.
  • the arc chamber comprises an upper disk 11, a lower disk 12 and at least one intermediate disk 13.
  • four intermediate disks 13 are present.
  • Two active filters 30, in the form of cylinder bars, are located in a void area of the intermediate disks 13 and are protected against electric arcs.
  • the upper disk 11 contains a cavity 110 to house the fixed contact (not shown in figure 1), a main duct 111 enabling in a larger extent the escape of the said gaseous products, and a housing 112 in order to maintain in a stable fixed position the cylinder bars of active filter 30.
  • Corresponding housing 112 (not shown in figure 1) are also present in the lower disk 12.
  • Through holes 130 are present in the intermediate disks 13 and have corresponding housing in the upper 11 and lower 12 disks.
  • the function of said through holes and corresponding housing is to house bars made of an insulating material (for example polyamide) that enable a correct mounting and relative positioning of the upper 11, intermediate 13 and lower 12 disks.
  • Figure 2 shows a more detailed description of one of the intermediate disks 13.
  • the disk 13 has a hole 131 to house and allow movement of the mobile contact.
  • the diameter of said hole is slightly larger (of a few millimetres) than the diameter of the mobile contact.
  • the electric arc during the interruption phase takes place in the cylindrical canal determined by the superimposition of holes 131 of the various disks 13.
  • the gaseous products produced from the recombination of the plasma escape through an horizontal discharge canal 132 on one side, and compress the fluid volume on the opposite side of the disk.
  • This side of the disk preferably has a surface 133 inclined of a few degrees, and an the horizontal surface 134.
  • the gaseous products after flowing across the horizontal discharge canal 132, escape from the fluid mass through the vertical discharge canal 136, to the top of the interruption chamber and indeed the top of the interrupter itself.
  • the horizontal discharge canals 132 on each disk are symmetrically shifted in respect to each other, thus allowing for an evenly escape of the gaseous products into the discharge canal 136.
  • the cylindrical bars of active filter are suitably located in the protected housings 135 and 135 allowing for free circulation of the gaseous products.
  • the two holes 130 enable an easy mounting and proper positioning of the disks as already described in figure 1.
  • the active filter 30 is preferably made of a composite material constituted of chemically active materials having a granular shape and an acid resistant binding material, permeable to the said chemically reactive gaseous substances.
  • said composite material can be made of fluorinated resin and soda lime.
  • the materials used may be any according to the requirements and the state of the art.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP99204619A 1999-12-30 1999-12-30 Chambre de coupure pour disjoncteur de moyenne et/ou de haute tension Withdrawn EP1113474A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99204619A EP1113474A1 (fr) 1999-12-30 1999-12-30 Chambre de coupure pour disjoncteur de moyenne et/ou de haute tension

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99204619A EP1113474A1 (fr) 1999-12-30 1999-12-30 Chambre de coupure pour disjoncteur de moyenne et/ou de haute tension

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1113474A1 true EP1113474A1 (fr) 2001-07-04

Family

ID=8241133

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99204619A Withdrawn EP1113474A1 (fr) 1999-12-30 1999-12-30 Chambre de coupure pour disjoncteur de moyenne et/ou de haute tension

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1113474A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4052555A (en) * 1975-07-23 1977-10-04 Allied Chemical Corporation Gaseous dielectric compositions
US4831220A (en) * 1987-03-31 1989-05-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High-voltage compressed-gas circuit breaker

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4052555A (en) * 1975-07-23 1977-10-04 Allied Chemical Corporation Gaseous dielectric compositions
US4831220A (en) * 1987-03-31 1989-05-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High-voltage compressed-gas circuit breaker

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