EP1111654A1 - Lampe à décharge avec enveloppe en matériau céramique et à culot unique et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge avec enveloppe en matériau céramique et à culot unique et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1111654A1
EP1111654A1 EP00311484A EP00311484A EP1111654A1 EP 1111654 A1 EP1111654 A1 EP 1111654A1 EP 00311484 A EP00311484 A EP 00311484A EP 00311484 A EP00311484 A EP 00311484A EP 1111654 A1 EP1111654 A1 EP 1111654A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
ceramic
chamber
discharge lamp
disposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00311484A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Curtis Edward Scott
Agoston Boroczki
Antony John Tambini
Charles David Greskovitch
Barry Preston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP1111654A1 publication Critical patent/EP1111654A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
    • H01J9/245—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/247—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps specially adapted for gas-discharge lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to lighting, and more particularly to a ceramic arc discharge lamp.
  • Discharge lamps produce light by ionizing a fill material such as a mixture of metal halides and mercury with an arc passing between two electrodes.
  • the electrodes and the fill material are sealed within a translucent or transparent discharge chamber which maintains the pressure of the energized fill material and allows the emitted light to pass through it.
  • the fill material also known as a "dose" emits a desired spectral energy distribution in response to being excited by the electric arc.
  • halides provide spectral energy distributions that offer a broad choice of light properties, e.g., color temperatures, color renderings, and luminous efficacies.
  • Ceramic discharge lamp chambers were developed to operate at higher temperatures, i.e., above 950° C, for improved color temperatures, color renderings, and luminous efficacies, while significantly reducing reactions with the filler material.
  • ceramic discharge chambers are constructed from a number of components which are extruded or die-pressed from a ceramic powder.
  • Commonly owned, co-pending applications U.S. Serial No. 09/067,816, filed April 28, 1998 and U.S. Serial No. 09/250,634, filed February 16, 1999 describes one type of conventional ceramic discharge chamber which minimizes the number of joints used in forming the ceramic discharge chamber.
  • prior practice employed a five component construction including a central cylinder substantially closed at either end by first and second end plugs with first and second legs in the end plugs.
  • the referenced application is directed to assemblies that use as few as two components to form the ceramic discharge chamber.
  • This standard double-ended ceramic discharge tube geometry is depicted in FIGURE 1.
  • Reducing the length of the arc discharge tube in a standard double-ended discharge tube geometry as exhibited in Figure 1 still does not meet all of the needs of the industry. Reducing the discharge tube length is limited by the maximum temperature that the ceramic-to-metal seals at the ends of the ceramic legs can endure. Since the seal glass insures gas and vacuum tightness, designers have been careful to avoid exposing the seal to elevated or excess temperatures which may adversely affect the seal glass.
  • a ceramic discharge lamp includes a ceramic housing having a chamber adapted to receive a fill.
  • First and second electrodes are disposed in spaced relation in the chamber to produce an arc in response to an electrical potential applied across the electrodes.
  • the electrodes are disposed in non-axial relation relative to one another.
  • the electrodes of the ceramic discharge lamp define a single-ended arc tube, i.e., the electrodes extend into the chamber from the same end of the arc tube.
  • Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a dome-shaped end and optionally incorporates an integral lens therein.
  • Yet another exemplary embodiment angles the electrodes toward one another so that first ends disposed in the chamber are more closely dimensioned together than second ends disposed outside the chamber.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates a lamp assembly having a prior art ceramic discharge chamber.
  • FIGURES 2-13 are enlarged views of various ceramic arc discharge chambers according to exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates a prior art ceramic discharge lamp 20 that includes a double-ended discharge chamber 22 which contains first and second electrodes 24, 26 and a fill material sealingly encapsulated in the discharge chamber.
  • the electrodes 24, 26 are connected to conductors 28, 30 to apply a potential difference across the electrodes in a manner well know in the art.
  • the electrodes produce an arc which ionizes the fill material to produce a plasma in the discharge chamber.
  • the fill material typically includes a mixture of Hg, a rare gas such as Ar or Xe, and a metal halide such as Nal, Tll, or Dyl 3 .
  • Other examples of fill materials are well known in the art.
  • the discharge chamber includes a central cylindrical body portion 32 and first and second leg portions 34, 36 .
  • the electrodes are connected to a power supply (not shown) by the conductors.
  • the electrodes are typically constructed from tungsten, while the conductors are niobium and molybdenum since the thermal expansion coefficients are closely related to alumina to reduce thermally induced stresses on the alumina leg portions.
  • the discharge chamber is sealed at opposite ends as identified by reference numerals 40, 42 .
  • the seals are preferably a dysprosia-alumina-silica glass frit received about the conductors and, when melted, the glass flows into the legs to form a seal between the conductor and leg.
  • the dimensions of the leg portions are selected to reduce the temperature of the seals by a desired amount relative to the elevated temperature of the discharge chamber.
  • the axial position of the electrodes affects the voltage drop across the electrodes which can have a significant effect on the quality of light produced. Thus, it is important to control the axial position of the legs since it effects the spacing between the electrodes.
  • the components are preferably constructed by die-pressing a mixture of ceramic powder and a binder.
  • the mixture comprises 95 - 98 % by weight of ceramic powder and 2-5% by weight organic binder.
  • the ceramic powder may comprise alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) having a purity of 99.98% and a surface area of about 2-10m 2 /g.
  • the alumina powder may be doped with magnesia to inhibit grain growth, for example in an amount equal to 0.03-0.2%, preferably 0.05%, by weight of the alumina.
  • Other ceramic materials which may be used include non-reactive refractory oxides and oxynitrides, such as yttrium oxide, lutecium oxide, and hafnium oxide, and their solid solutions and compounds with alumina, such as yttrium-aluminum-garnet and alumina oxynitride.
  • Binders which may be used individually or in combination include organic polymers such as polyols, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetates, acrylates, cellulosics, and polyesters.
  • An exemplary composition which has been used for die pressing a solid cylinder comprises 97% by weight alumina powder having a surface area of 7 m 2 /g available from Baikowski International, Charlotte, NC, as Product Number CR7.
  • the alumina powder was doped with magnesia in the amount of 0.1% of the weight of the alumina.
  • the composition also comprised 2.5% by weight polyvinyl alcohol, available from GE Lighting as Product Number 115-009-018, and 1 ⁇ 2% (0.5%) by weight Carbowax 600, available from Interstate Chemical.
  • the binder is removed from the green part, typically by thermal pyrolysis, to form a bisque-fired part.
  • the thermal pyrolysis may be conducted, for example, by heating the green part in air from room temperature to a maximum temperature of about 900-1100° C over 4-8 hours, then holding the maximum temperature for 1-5 hours, and then cooling the part.
  • the porosity of the bisque-fired part is typically about 40-50%.
  • the bisque-fired part is then machined. For example, a small bore may be drilled along the axis of the solid cylinder which provides the bore of the first leg portion. Next, a larger diameter bore may be drilled along a portion of the axis to form the chamber. Finally, the outer portion of the originally solid chamber may be machined away along part of the axis, for example with a lathe, to form the outer surface of the first leg portion.
  • the second leg member may be formed in a similar manner by first drilling a small bore which provides the bore through the leg portion, machining the outer portion of the originally solid cylinder to produce the leg portion and machining the transition portion, leaving the radially directed flange.
  • the machined parts are typically assembled prior to sintering to allow the sintering step to bond the parts together.
  • the densities of the bisque-fired parts used to form the body member and the leg are selected to achieve different degrees of shrinkage during the sintering step.
  • the different densities of the bisque-fired parts may be achieved by using ceramic powders having different surface areas.
  • the surface area of the ceramic powder used to form a first component may be 6-10 m 2 /g
  • the surface area of the ceramic powder used to form a second component may be 2-3 m 2 /g.
  • the fine powder in the first component causes the bisque-fired body first component to have a smaller density than the bisque-fired second component made from the coarser powder.
  • the bisque-fired density of the first component is typically 42-44% of the theoretical density of alumina (3.986 g/cm 3 ), and the bisque-fired density of the second component is typically 50-60% of the theoretical density of alumina. Because the bisque-fired first component is less dense than the bisque-fired second component, relative shrinkage occurs (e.g., 3-10%) during sintering to form a seal around the transition.
  • the sintering step bonds the two components together to form a discharge chamber.
  • the sintering step may be carried out by heating the bisque-fired parts in a refractory metal type furnace in hydrogen (H 2 ) with a dew point of about 0° C to +15° C at 1850° C for three to five hours. After heat treatment, the parts are cooled to room temperature over about two hours.
  • H 2 hydrogen
  • the inclusion of magnesia in the ceramic powder typically inhibits the grain size from growing larger than 75 m.
  • the resulting ceramic comprises a densely sintered polycrystalline alumina with optical translucency.
  • a glass frit e.g., comprising a refractory glass
  • the parts can be sintered independently prior to assembly.
  • the first and second components typically each have a porosity of less than or equal to 0.1%, preferably less than 0.01%, after sintering.
  • Porosity is conventionally defined as a unitless number representing the proportion of the total volume of an article which is occupied by voids.
  • the alumina typically has a suitable optical transmittance or translucency.
  • the transmittance or translucency can be defined as "total transmittance", which is the transmitted luminous flux of a miniature incandescent lamp inside the discharge chamber divided by the transmittance luminous flux from the bare miniature incandescent lamp.
  • the total transmittance is typically 95% or greater.
  • the component parts of the discharge chamber are formed by injection molding a mixture comprising about 45-60% by volume ceramic material and 55-40% binder.
  • the ceramic material can comprise an alumina powder having a surface area of about 1.5 to about 30 m 2 /g, typically between 3 - 5 m 2 /g.
  • the alumina powder has a purity of at least 99.98%.
  • the alumina powder may be doped with magnesia to inhibit grain growth, for example in an amount equal to 0.03 - 0.2%, preferably 0.05%, by weight of the alumina.
  • the binder may comprise a wax mixture or a polymer mixture. According to one example the binder comprises:
  • paraffin wax The following substances are added to the 100 parts by weight paraffin wax:
  • the mixture of ceramic material and binder is heated to form a high viscosity mixture.
  • the mixture is then injected into a suitably shaped mold and subsequently cooled to form a molded part.
  • the binder is removed from the molded part, typically by thermal treatment, to form a debindered part.
  • the thermal treatment may be conducted by heating the molded part in air or a controlled environment, e.g., vacuum, nitrogen, rare gas, to a maximum temperature and then holding the maximum temperature. For example, the temperature may be slowly increased by about 2 - 3° C per hour from room temperature to a temperature of 160° C. Next, the temperature is increased by about 100° C per hour to a maximum temperature of 900 - 1100° C. Finally, the temperature is held at 900 - 1100° C for about 1 - 5 hours. The part is subsequently cooled. After the thermal treatment step the porosity is about 40 - 50%.
  • the bisque-fired parts are typically assembled prior to sintering to allow the sintering step to bond the parts together.
  • the densities of the bisque-fired parts used to form the first and second components are selected to achieve different degrees of shrinkage during the sintering step.
  • the different densities of the bisque-fired parts may be achieved by using ceramic powders having different surface areas, for example, as described above.
  • an article was formed from a mixture comprising 48% by volume alumina and 52% by volume binder.
  • the alumina had a surface area of 3 m 2 /g and was doped with magnesia in the amount of 0.05% of the weight of the alumina.
  • the wax binder described above was used.
  • the article which had a thickness of about 3 mm, was sufficiently translucent that when pressed against newsprint, the newsprint could be read without difficulty through the article.
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 illustrate first and second embodiments of a single ended ceramic discharge chamber which is a two component construction.
  • the first component 50 includes a recess 52 that may be machined or formed as noted above.
  • the continuous sidewall 54 provides a generally cylindrical configuration to the final conformation of the discharge chamber.
  • a second component 60 includes first and second legs 62, 64, respectively that extend therefrom. The legs are disposed in substantially parallel relation for reasons which will be noted below. They extend outwardly from a circular disk 66 which is dimensioned for receipt within the sidewall 54 of the first component.
  • the first and second components define a sealed ceramic arc discharge chamber having only one joint.
  • the overall length of the discharge tube is considerably shorter than that illustrated in the double ended arrangements as exhibited in FIGURE 1.
  • the light center length dimensions are also reduced since both legs 62, 64 extend from one end of the arc discharge chamber. This can also be achieved without adversely impacting on the ceramic-to-metal seal that might otherwise be damaged due to the deleterious chemical reactions that are accelerated by excess temperature. That is, the seals in each of legs 62, 64 are disposed at a location remote from the chamber where the arc or plasma is operated at an elevated temperature. Additional advantages are also evident from this embodiment and the alternate embodiments described below. Particularly, more suitable light intensity distribution can be achieved.
  • Still another advantage is the ability to carefully control the arc gap dimension.
  • the electrodes are not inserted from opposite ends of the arc discharge chamber such as in the prior art double-ended chambers where it is relatively difficult to control the desired arc gap.
  • the single ended discharge tube configuration shown in FIGURE 2 defines the arc gap based on the parallelism of the ceramic legs. As will be appreciated, this arrangement is easier to control than the prior art to achieve a desired arc gap.
  • the single ended design would allow the electrodes to be sealed into the legs during sintering of the component.
  • the proposed single ended discharge tube geometry does not impose any constraints on the geometry of the plug or second component 60 . Again, and as referenced in the co-pending application, this permits the shape of the plug to be flat, spherical, cylindrical, or a mixture of these geometries. By carefully controlling the electrode design, flicker-free operation and a stable arc anchoring point location on the electrode surfaces can be assured.
  • FIGURE 3 illustrates a modification relative to FIGURE 2 wherein like components will be referenced by like reference numerals, and new components will identify new structural features.
  • the second component or plug includes a shoulder 70 that abuttingly engages a terminal end 72 of the sidewall 54 of the first component. This abutment provides a precise, positive axial location of the plug relative to the first component 50 of the ceramic arc discharge chamber.
  • FIGURE 4 slightly modifies the first component 80 so that it defines a plug having a shoulder 82 that provides positive axial location of the plug in an extended sidewall 84 of the second component. It will also be noted that the legs 62, 64 have portions 86, 88, respectively, that extend inwardly into the chamber to achieve more reliable starting and more stable operation.
  • an exhaust tube 90 is integrally formed in the first molded component or cover plug 80 . This illustrates the flexibility of the present design and the wide variation of modifications that can be advantageously incorporated into the design of the ceramic discharge chamber.
  • FIGURES 6 and 7 illustrate preferred embodiments employing differently shaped first components or cover members.
  • the cover member 100 has a generally dome-shape 102 .
  • the member 100 is die-pressed or injection molded to provide a single ended discharge lamp design with a dome cover.
  • the circumferentially continuous sidewall smoothly transitions or merges into the curved or dome shape.
  • a shoulder 70 of the second component 60 abuttingly engages the terminal edge of the first component sidewall to from a single bond between the components.
  • the dome configuration includes an integral lens 104 . This, of course, enhances the light intensity distribution and result in more luminous flux being distributed as a result of a design specific lens being directly fabricated into the arc tube.
  • FIGURES 8 and 9 Variations of the single ended discharge chamber design are illustrated in FIGURES 8 and 9.
  • the legs 110, 112 are formed in separate injection molded leg-plug components 114, 116 .
  • These leg plug components are substantially identical except for the reverse or mirror image mating edges 118, 120 . This allows one of the leg plug components to shrink and form a sintered bond joint with the second leg-plug component.
  • Each component includes a single leg integrally molded therein that precisely locates the electrode relative to each component. When brought together, these leg-plug components cooperate to define a complete single ended ceramic discharge chamber where the arc gap between the electrodes can be precisely dimensioned.
  • each leg plug component 114, 116 includes externally facing recesses 118 that are dimensioned for receipt within the opposite ends of the extruded body 122 .
  • FIGURES 10 and 11 illustrate advantages that may be offered by purposely angling the electrodes relative to one another.
  • molded leg-plug-body component 130 includes legs 132, 134 that angle inwardly as they extend toward the discharge chamber. That is, the electrodes 136, 138 are positioned a predetermined dimension apart which is less than the dimension between the conductors 140, 142 at the outer ends of the legs. This arrangement prevents arcing between the leads at an area outside of the chamber. Since the distance between the leads is greater outside of the arc chamber, arcing is less likely to occur at that location as opposed to within the chamber as desired.
  • FIGURE 11 also includes the angled electrode design. It further illustrates that other features can be incorporated into the ceramic arc discharge chamber design.
  • the chamber interior includes curved recesses 150, 152 . As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, such a configuration of the ceramic arc discharge chamber may be desirable in selected circumstances.
  • FIGURES 12 and 13 illustrate various combinations of the above described features.
  • a dome-shaped cover 160 is used in conjunction with a second component 162 having a curved inner recess 164 .
  • the legs are still defined in one component of the assembled discharge chamber so that all of the advantages of a single ended chamber are attained.
  • This concept is slightly modified in FIGURE 13 where the legs include portions 166, 168 that extend inwardly into the discharge chamber.
  • the embodiment of FIGURE 13 is substantially similar to that in FIGURE 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP00311484A 1999-12-23 2000-12-20 Lampe à décharge avec enveloppe en matériau céramique et à culot unique et son procédé de fabrication Withdrawn EP1111654A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US47155199A 1999-12-23 1999-12-23
US471551 1999-12-23

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EP1111654A1 true EP1111654A1 (fr) 2001-06-27

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EP (1) EP1111654A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001256919A (fr)
CN (1) CN1303121A (fr)
TW (1) TW478006B (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002071442A1 (fr) * 2000-11-06 2002-09-12 General Electric Company Chambre a decharge en ceramique destinee a une lampe a decharge et procedes de fabrication associes
EP1329941A2 (fr) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-23 Osram-Sylvania Inc. Une lampe à décharge à haute intensité à ampoule double
EP1544889A2 (fr) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-22 General Electric Company Procédé de fermeture étanche d'une lampe et lampe fabriquée selon ledit procédé
EP1737020A2 (fr) * 2005-06-20 2006-12-27 Osram Sylvania Inc. Ampoule à décharge à culot unique avec des électrodes divergentes
EP1755146A3 (fr) * 2005-06-20 2008-05-07 Osram-Sylvania Inc. Chambre à décharge en céramique à capillaires reliés
US7404496B2 (en) 2005-06-20 2008-07-29 Osram Sylvania Inc. Green-state ceramic discharge vessel parts
EP2126460A1 (fr) * 2007-02-26 2009-12-02 Osram Sylvania, Inc. Lampe à décharge en céramique asymétrique
US7892061B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2011-02-22 General Electric Company Hermetical lamp sealing techniques and lamp having uniquely sealed components

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2316649A1 (fr) * 1999-09-29 2001-03-29 Rodrique Thibodeau Tube ceramique a decharge
WO2003032363A1 (fr) * 2001-10-02 2003-04-17 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Lampe a decharge a haute tension, phare pour automobile et tube a arc pour ladite lampe a decharge a haute tension
US6791267B2 (en) 2001-10-02 2004-09-14 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. High pressure discharge lamps, lighting systems, head lamps for automobiles and light emitting vessels for high pressure discharge lamps
US7394200B2 (en) * 2005-11-30 2008-07-01 General Electric Company Ceramic automotive high intensity discharge lamp
ATE478433T1 (de) * 2006-12-20 2010-09-15 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Metallhalidlampe und keramikbrenner für derartige lampe
JP2011049513A (ja) * 2009-07-30 2011-03-10 Ushio Inc 光源装置
CN104578037A (zh) * 2015-01-29 2015-04-29 吴传涛 一种直流自动负载箱高压放电体

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GB2207800A (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-02-08 Tungsram Reszvenytarsasag Three-phase high-pressure gas discharge lamp
JPH02197052A (ja) * 1989-01-26 1990-08-03 Kiyoshi Saruwatari 超高圧水銀灯
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EP0954010A1 (fr) * 1998-04-28 1999-11-03 General Electric Company Enceinte à décharge en céramique pour lampe à décharge
EP0954012A1 (fr) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-03 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Lampe à décharge à haute pression

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DE29702002U1 (de) * 1997-01-29 1997-05-07 Lin Bob Lichtquellenanordnung für einen Scanner
EP0954010A1 (fr) * 1998-04-28 1999-11-03 General Electric Company Enceinte à décharge en céramique pour lampe à décharge
EP0954011A1 (fr) * 1998-04-28 1999-11-03 General Electric Company Enceinte de décharge en céramique pour lampe à décharge
EP0954012A1 (fr) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-03 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Lampe à décharge à haute pression

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002071442A1 (fr) * 2000-11-06 2002-09-12 General Electric Company Chambre a decharge en ceramique destinee a une lampe a decharge et procedes de fabrication associes
EP1329941A2 (fr) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-23 Osram-Sylvania Inc. Une lampe à décharge à haute intensité à ampoule double
EP1329941A3 (fr) * 2001-12-21 2006-01-04 Osram-Sylvania Inc. Une lampe à décharge à haute intensité à ampoule double
US7892061B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2011-02-22 General Electric Company Hermetical lamp sealing techniques and lamp having uniquely sealed components
US7839089B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2010-11-23 General Electric Company Hermetical lamp sealing techniques and lamp having uniquely sealed components
EP1544889A3 (fr) * 2003-12-17 2008-11-26 General Electric Company Procédé de fermeture étanche d'une lampe et lampe fabriquée selon ledit procédé
EP1544889A2 (fr) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-22 General Electric Company Procédé de fermeture étanche d'une lampe et lampe fabriquée selon ledit procédé
CN1630020B (zh) * 2003-12-17 2010-06-23 通用电气公司 气密封灯、气密封灯的制造方法以及发光系统
EP1737020A2 (fr) * 2005-06-20 2006-12-27 Osram Sylvania Inc. Ampoule à décharge à culot unique avec des électrodes divergentes
US7414366B2 (en) 2005-06-20 2008-08-19 Osram Sylvania Inc. Single-ended discharge vessel with diverging electrodes
US7404496B2 (en) 2005-06-20 2008-07-29 Osram Sylvania Inc. Green-state ceramic discharge vessel parts
EP1755146A3 (fr) * 2005-06-20 2008-05-07 Osram-Sylvania Inc. Chambre à décharge en céramique à capillaires reliés
EP1737020A3 (fr) * 2005-06-20 2007-07-11 Osram Sylvania Inc. Ampoule à décharge à culot unique avec des électrodes divergentes
EP2126460A1 (fr) * 2007-02-26 2009-12-02 Osram Sylvania, Inc. Lampe à décharge en céramique asymétrique
EP2126460A4 (fr) * 2007-02-26 2011-01-26 Osram Sylvania Inc Lampe à décharge en céramique asymétrique
US8102121B2 (en) 2007-02-26 2012-01-24 Osram Sylvania Inc. Single-ended ceramic discharge lamp

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JP2001256919A (ja) 2001-09-21
TW478006B (en) 2002-03-01
CN1303121A (zh) 2001-07-11

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