EP1110927A1 - Additif pour chargement propulsif, notamment additif anti-usure, objet combustible et chargement propulsif incorporant un tel additif - Google Patents
Additif pour chargement propulsif, notamment additif anti-usure, objet combustible et chargement propulsif incorporant un tel additif Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1110927A1 EP1110927A1 EP00403669A EP00403669A EP1110927A1 EP 1110927 A1 EP1110927 A1 EP 1110927A1 EP 00403669 A EP00403669 A EP 00403669A EP 00403669 A EP00403669 A EP 00403669A EP 1110927 A1 EP1110927 A1 EP 1110927A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- powder
- additive according
- metal
- wear additive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/04—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for cooling the explosion gases including antifouling and flash suppressing agents
Definitions
- the technical field of the invention is that of additives for propellant charges and in particular anti wear additives or additives.
- Patent US3148620 thus describes different types additives that can be added to a load propellant to reduce wear and tear on the barrel.
- the additive reduces heat exchange as well as the temperature of the barrel barrel wall. Such result is obtained by interposing a cold insulating layer between the wall and the propellants and by depositing a insulating mineral material on the wall of the tube.
- the metal oxide will deposit on the wall of the tube for thermal insulation.
- the compound organic will generate cooler gases than those of the combustion of the powder.
- the most common mineral oxides are: titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) and talc (Mg 3 Si 4 O 10 ).
- the additive is a anti-wear additive and it allows a mass of additive equivalent, to significantly improve the reduction in wear.
- the anti-wear additive proposed is an energy additive which allows, by mass equivalent additive, improve performance level propellant charge with an additive.
- the invention also relates to an energy additive allowing a significant increase in performance ballistics of a propellant charge.
- the invention also relates to a loading propellant or a combustible object incorporating such an additive.
- the additive according to the invention is easy to use and so it can be easily integrated into objects fuels constituting the propellant charge cases, or even directly to the propellant powder.
- the subject of the invention is an additive for loading propellant, in particular anti-wear additive, which is characterized in that it comprises at least one metal and / or at least one metal oxide in the form of a powder, the particle size is less than 1 micrometer.
- the particle size of the metal or metal oxide will be preferably between 4 and 100 nanometers.
- An additive with anti-wear function according to the invention may combine from 5% to 80% by mass of at least one metal oxide and from 20% to 95% by mass of an organic compound.
- the metal oxide may be chosen from the following compounds: titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ).
- the organic compound can be chosen from following compounds: polyurethane foam made from isocyanate, ester type wax, acid type wax, wax polar or non-polar polyethylene, amide-type wax, wax microcrystalline, combustible and / or energetic material such only cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, nitrocellulose or glycidyl polyazide, nitrate polyvinyl.
- the anti-wear additive may include a metal or a mixture metals with a particle size of less than 1 micrometer, and preferably between 4 and 100 nanometers.
- the additive will consist of a mixture of at least one metal powder, at least one oxide powder metallic and an organic binder
- the mass of metal powder will advantageously chosen to compensate for propellant loading given, the loss of speed that is due to the replacement of a part of the propellant charge with oxide powder metallic or due to the addition to the propellant charge of such a metal oxide powder.
- the metal can be chosen from the following bodies: aluminum, titanium, titanium / aluminum mixture.
- the invention also relates to a combustible object for ammunition, in particular a case or a combustible case, which is characterized in that it incorporates a following additive one of the preceding claims.
- the additive can be homogeneously included in the structure of the object combustible.
- the invention finally relates to a propellant charge incorporating an energy additive comprising a powder titanium or aluminum metallic in a proportion of 1 at 20% of the total mass of the propellant charge.
- the metal powder will be incorporated homogeneously in the propellant powder grains.
- metal oxide powder which creates a screen thermal protector on the tube
- organic compound which acts as an implementation binder and which also allows generate a layer of cold insulating gas between the wall of the tube and the propellant gases.
- the organic compound can be constituted in a way classic with natural or synthetic wax.
- wax for example example the wax sold by the company Tisco under the reference NETON 6
- type waxes amide such as the wax sold by the company Tisco under the ACR reference
- microcrystalline type waxes such as the wax sold by Barlocher under the Cerewax reference
- a foam of polyurethane made from isocyanate As an organic compound, a foam of polyurethane made from isocyanate (IPDI, HMDI, TDI). These foams are produced for example by putting in uses the reagents marketed by Bayer under the Desmophen or Desmodur reference brands.
- combustible material for example cellulose or cellulose acetobutyrate.
- energetic material such as nitrocellulose or glycidyl polyazide or polyvinyl nitrate.
- the additive powder can be mixed with the dough during manufacture of combustible and / or energetic objects.
- the additive powder can be mixed with the dough during manufacture of combustible and / or energetic objects.
- We will thus make for example cases or sockets fuels incorporating a nanometric metallic powder which will increase the energy level of the cases.
- We will be able to also incorporate metal oxide powder into these objects nanometric which will give anti wear activity to these cases.
- Metal powders or metal oxides can also be directly incorporated into the powder propellant during the manufacture of the latter.
- a conventional anti-wear additive made up of titanium dioxide with a particle size of 1 to 5 micrometers was mixed with an acid type wax sold by the company Hoechst under the reference X102.
- the proportions by mass of the make-up are as follows: 35% of TiO 2 , 65% of wax.
- An anti-wear additive similar to the previous one was produced but by replacing the micrometric titanium dioxide with nanometric titanium dioxide with a particle size of 34 nanometers (3.4 10 -8 m) mixed with an acid type wax sold by the company Hoechst under the reference X102.
- the proportions by mass are as follows: 35% of TiO 2 , 65% of wax.
- Nanometric titanium dioxide is provided by the Nanophase company. It is used in the cosmetics and pigments.
- Comparative shots were taken between the firing of a stacking of six load modules fitted with back-up according to example 1, that of six modules according to example 2 and that of six witness charges without make-up.
- Wear was measured as the deviation from the radius of the tube between before and after each shot.
- metallic oxides having a particle size between 4 and 100 nanometers.
- tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) (usually used as a pigment) can be used.
- Nanometric metallic powders are for example supplied by the American company Argonide Corporation.
- example 9 shows that, despite a reduction in the propellant powder mass of 7%, the speed Vo is increased by 1% and the maximum pressure Pmax is increased by 3.6%. Such a result is due to the participation of the powder metallic to the combustion reaction. She reacts by transforming part of the water produced by combustion in gaseous hydrogen, which increases the propellant effect.
- the invention thus makes it possible with a product which is a priori inert increase the performance of a propellant charge. I1 is thus possible to obtain for a mass loading given the performance of a higher mass loading.
- reaction of the titanium powder produces titanium dioxide which is added to the TiO 2 provided for in the load and which contributes to the protection of the tube.
- This metallic powder can also be combined with propellant charge. We can predict from 1 to 20% of the total mass of propellant charge in titanium powder or of nanometric aluminum.
- the metal powder can be placed in a sachet placed in the load or it can be homogeneously incorporated in the powder grains propellant. This thermochemical function of powders nanometric metallic also allows for anti wear additives which do not reduce the performance of tear.
- the organic compound for example a wax, will play the role of binder. It will also protect nanometric metallic particles with respect to the environment, preventing their premature oxidation.
- an anti wear additive consisting by a mixture of at least one metallic powder, of at least a powder of a metal oxide and an organic compound binder.
- the mass of metal powder will advantageously chosen to compensate for propellant loading given, the loss of speed that is due to the replacement of a part of the propellant charge with oxide powder metallic or due to the addition to the propellant charge of such a metal oxide powder.
- the metal is chosen from the following bodies: aluminum, titanium, titanium / aluminum mixture.
- Titanium has the advantage of turning into titanium dioxide (anti wear additive) by reacting with the water produced by the combustion of the powder.
- make the following additives (quantities given in percentages of the total mass of the make-up):
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- pour un additif de type poudre métallique par une participation du métal à la réaction de combustion. Ce métal réagit avec l'eau produite par la combustion pour la transformer en hydrogène. Il en résulte un accroissement de l'effet propulsif du chargement.
- pour un additif de type oxyde métallique, par un accroissement notable des capacités de protection du tube vis à vis de l'érosion.
| Charge | Usure au rayon | pourcentage d'usure |
| Charge témoin (pas d'appoint) | 4 micromètres / coup | 100% |
| Charge exemple 1 | 2,9 micromètres /coup | 72,5 % |
| Charge exemple 2 | 1,5 micromètres / coup | 37,5% |
| Charge | Masse poudre propulsive (kg) | Masse additif (kg) (Titane 10 nanomètres) | Vo (m/s) | Pmax (MPa) |
| Référence | 8,05 | 0 | 1171 | 525 |
| Exemple 7 | 7,245 | 0,805 | 1150 | 494 |
| Exemple 8 | 7,97 | 0,886 | 1247 | 662 |
| Exemple 9 | 7,46 | 0,829 | 1183 | 544 |
Claims (17)
- Additif pour chargement propulsif, notamment additif anti usure, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un métal et/ou au moins un oxyde métallique sous la forme d'une poudre dont la granulométrie est inférieure à 1 micromètre.
- Additif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la granulométrie du métal ou de l'oxyde métallique est comprise entre 4 et 100 nanomètres.
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il associe de 5% à 80% en masse d'au moins un oxyde métallique et de 20% à 95% en masse d'un composé organique.
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde métallique est choisi parmi les composés suivants: dioxyde de titane (TiO2), Trioxyde de tungstène (WO3) .
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le composé organique est choisi parmi les composés suivants : mousse de polyuréthanne réalisée à partir d'isocyanate, cire de type ester, cire de type acide, cire polyéthylène polaire ou non, cire de type amide, cire microcristalline, matériau combustible et/ou énergétique tel que de la cellulose, de l'acétobutyrate de cellulose, de la nitrocellulose ou du polyazoture de glycidyle, nitrate de polyvinyle.
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il a la composition suivante :5 à 80% en masse de dioxyde de titane et de préférence 35%,20 à 95% en masse de cire et de préférence 65%.
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il a la composition suivante :5 à 80% en masse de trioxyde de tungstène et de préférence 50%,20 à 95% en masse de mousse de polyuréthanne et de préférence 50%.
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il a la composition suivante :5 à 80% en masse de dioxyde de titane et de préférence 45%,20 à 95% en masse de cellulose et de préférence 55%.
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il a la composition suivante :5 à 80% en masse de dioxyde de titane et de préférence 60%,20 à 95% en masse d'acétobutyrate de cellulose et de préférence 40%.
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un métal ou un mélange de métaux de granulométrie inférieure à 1 micromètre.
- Additif anti usure selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un métal ou un mélange de métaux de granulométrie comprise entre 4 et 100 nanomètres.
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué par un mélange d'au moins une poudre métallique, d'au moins une poudre d'un oxyde métallique et d'un composé organique liant
- Additif anti usure selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la masse de poudre métallique est choisie de façon à compenser, pour un chargement propulsif donné, la perte de vitesse qui est due au remplacement d'une partie du chargement propulsif par une poudre d'oxyde métallique ou bien due à l'ajout au chargement propulsif d'une telle poudre d'oxyde métallique.
- Additif anti usure selon une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le métal est choisi parmi les corps suivants : aluminium, titane, mélange titane/aluminium.
- Objet combustible pour munition, notamment étui ou douille combustible, caractérisé en ce qu'il incorpore un additif suivant une des revendications précédentes.
- Chargement propulsif incorporant un additif énergétique selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une poudre métallique de titane ou d'aluminium dans une proportion de 1 à 20 % de la masse totale du chargement propulsif.
- Chargement propulsif selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que la poudre métallique est incorporée de façon homogène dans les grains de poudre propulsive.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9916436A FR2802918B1 (fr) | 1999-12-23 | 1999-12-23 | Additif pour chargement propulsif, notamment additif antiusure, objet combustible et chargement propulsif incorporant un tel additif |
| FR9916436 | 1999-12-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1110927A1 true EP1110927A1 (fr) | 2001-06-27 |
| EP1110927B1 EP1110927B1 (fr) | 2010-11-24 |
Family
ID=9553796
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00403669A Expired - Lifetime EP1110927B1 (fr) | 1999-12-23 | 2000-12-22 | Additif pour chargement propulsif, notamment additif anti-usure, objet combustible et chargement propulsif incorporant un tel additif |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1110927B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE489348T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60045273D1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2356978T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2802918B1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1227295A3 (fr) * | 2001-01-30 | 2003-05-14 | Rheinmetall W & M GmbH | Elément de munition combustible |
| EP1647538A3 (fr) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-04-26 | Rheinmetall W & M GmbH | Cartouche de munition combustible |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3139818B1 (fr) | 2022-09-21 | 2025-06-20 | Eurenco France | Chargements combustibles adhérant à la paroi interne d'une structure combustible contenant un chargement propulsif |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3148620A (en) * | 1959-08-14 | 1964-09-15 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
| US3397636A (en) * | 1967-03-22 | 1968-08-20 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
| GB1193134A (en) * | 1967-11-24 | 1970-05-28 | Us Government | Improvements in or relating to Propellant Systems |
| AU426339B2 (en) * | 1968-01-08 | 1972-07-24 | Sa. PRB SOCIETE ANONYME | Erosion reducer |
| DE3405697A1 (de) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-10-31 | Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg | Treibladung fuer rohrwaffen |
| WO1996018862A1 (fr) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-06-20 | Primex Technologies, Inc. | Additif composite de decuivrage pour poudre |
| US5544587A (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1996-08-13 | Rheinmetall Industrie Gmbh | Cannon ammunition having combustible cartridge case |
| WO1998024576A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-05 | 1998-06-11 | The University Of Connecticut | Metaux nanostructures, alliages metalliques, carbures metalliques et carbures d'alliages metalliques et synthese chimique des elements susmentionnes |
-
1999
- 1999-12-23 FR FR9916436A patent/FR2802918B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-12-22 DE DE60045273T patent/DE60045273D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-22 EP EP00403669A patent/EP1110927B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-22 AT AT00403669T patent/ATE489348T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-12-22 ES ES00403669T patent/ES2356978T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3148620A (en) * | 1959-08-14 | 1964-09-15 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
| US3397636A (en) * | 1967-03-22 | 1968-08-20 | Wegematic Corp | Wear reduction additives |
| GB1193134A (en) * | 1967-11-24 | 1970-05-28 | Us Government | Improvements in or relating to Propellant Systems |
| AU426339B2 (en) * | 1968-01-08 | 1972-07-24 | Sa. PRB SOCIETE ANONYME | Erosion reducer |
| DE3405697A1 (de) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-10-31 | Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg | Treibladung fuer rohrwaffen |
| US5544587A (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1996-08-13 | Rheinmetall Industrie Gmbh | Cannon ammunition having combustible cartridge case |
| WO1996018862A1 (fr) * | 1994-12-16 | 1996-06-20 | Primex Technologies, Inc. | Additif composite de decuivrage pour poudre |
| WO1998024576A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-05 | 1998-06-11 | The University Of Connecticut | Metaux nanostructures, alliages metalliques, carbures metalliques et carbures d'alliages metalliques et synthese chimique des elements susmentionnes |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1227295A3 (fr) * | 2001-01-30 | 2003-05-14 | Rheinmetall W & M GmbH | Elément de munition combustible |
| EP1647538A3 (fr) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-04-26 | Rheinmetall W & M GmbH | Cartouche de munition combustible |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2356978T3 (es) | 2011-04-15 |
| EP1110927B1 (fr) | 2010-11-24 |
| DE60045273D1 (de) | 2011-01-05 |
| FR2802918B1 (fr) | 2002-05-03 |
| FR2802918A1 (fr) | 2001-06-29 |
| ATE489348T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
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