EP1108088B1 - Concrete element with a preliminary adherence reinforcing layer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a concrete element that is placed in fluid-tight coverings of useful surfaces, especially in the form of a paving stone, wall element, concrete slab or the like. When said element is placed, at least one of its lateral surfaces borders on one sealing joint. The concrete element is manufactured with at least one preliminary reinforced adhering layer on parts of each side surface facing the sealing joint.

Description

The invention relates to a concrete element for laying in a fluid-tight covering of usable areas, in particular in the form of a paving stone, wall element, one Concrete slab or similar molded component, according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Known concrete elements of this type (EP-A-0 445 341) in fluid-tight sheet or wall-shaped covers from Usable areas relocated to a boundary and / or positioned towards neighboring concrete elements that a joint is formed. This is in upper area with a sealant, for example a polysulfide, sealed fluid-tight. The grouting effort is disadvantageous with such a seal high because of the contiguous surfaces of the concrete elements prepare on the spot for a primer application, in particular, are a primer job apply and after its setting, but within a predetermined period of time, then the joint sealing material is to be brought in.

The invention addresses the problem of a concrete element of the specified type to create that with reduced Reliable fluid-tight effort with neighboring concrete elements is connectable in a cover and a long-term stable Joint closure favored.

The invention solves this problem with a concrete element with the features of claim 1. With regard to essential Further embodiments are based on claims 2 referred to 19.

The concrete element designed according to the invention is already in the manufacturing plant at predetermined areas of it Side surfaces with a pre-adhesive application Mistake. This pre-order will be relocated corresponding concrete elements aligned so that in Two pre-orders of adhesive reinforcement intended for sealing opposite each other, which then with an in the joint introduced sealing compound a cohesive Establish connection. Such pre-orders can be done with little Effort on largely arbitrarily shaped surfaces the concrete elements are attached and customized different requirements for the respective cover the usable area.

Provide concrete elements of this type with a pre-application of a bonding agent a significant simplification of the laying work, because one in the installation position in the sealing joints sealant to be filled in, filling the joint can be introduced in a single operation can and a fluid-tight, material connection with the pre-orders for adhesion boosters already on the concrete elements is received without any other preparatory work are to be provided. After a short setting time the installation area can be loaded. The pre-order adhesion promoter consists of a mediation to the concrete mass and primer layer a covering layer of polysulfide, a sealant. The covering ones exist Pre-orders layer after the Laying sealants made of the same material, namely polysulfide.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ausschnittsdarstellung eines Betonelements mit Haftverstärker-Vorauftrag in Verlegestellung,

Fig. 2

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß einer Linie II-II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ausschnittsdarstellung einer Fugenabdichtung in Verlegestellung des Betonelementes,

Fig. 4

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß einer Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

eine Schnittdarstellung ähnlich Fig. 4 mit einer zusätzlichen Kunststoffschicht im Bereich der Fugenabdichtung,

Fig. 6

eine Perspektivdarstellung zweier Betonelemente, die stirnseitig und Längsrandseitig eine Dichtungsfuge bilden,

Fig. 7

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß einer Linie VII - VII in Fig. 6,

Fig. 8

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß einer Linie VIII - VIII in Fig. 6,

Fig. 9

eine Schnittdarstellung ähnlich Fig. 7 mit den Bauteilen in Einbaulage,

Fig. 10 und Fig. 11

jeweilige Schnittdarstellungen ähnlich Fig. 7 im Bereich einer Schraubenverbindung zwischen einer Dichtfolie und dem Betonelement,

Fig. 12

eine Schnittdarstellung ähnlich Fig. 8 mit in Einbaulage aneinanderliegenden Polysulfid-Schichten der Betonelemente,

Fig. 13 bis Fig. 18

jeweilige Ausschnittsdarstellungen des Bereichs der Dichtungsfuge mit dem Haftverstärker-Vorauftrag und einer Abdeckung, die mittels einer Druckvorrichtung verschiebbar ist, und

Fig. 19 und Fig. 20

jeweilige Ausschnittsdarstellungen ähnlich Fig. 18 mit eine formbare Konsistenz aufweisenden Polysulfid-Schichten.

Further details and advantages of the invention result from the following description and the drawings, which illustrate an embodiment of the concrete element according to the invention. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1

1 shows a perspective cutout illustration of a concrete element with pre-application of the adhesion promoter in the laying position,

Fig. 2

2 shows a sectional illustration along a line II-II in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

3 shows a perspective cutout illustration of a joint seal in the laying position of the concrete element,

Fig. 4

3 shows a sectional illustration along a line IV-IV in FIG. 3,

Fig. 5

4 with an additional plastic layer in the area of the joint seal,

Fig. 6

a perspective view of two concrete elements that form a sealing joint on the front and longitudinal edges,

Fig. 7

6 shows a sectional illustration along a line VII-VII in FIG. 6,

Fig. 8

6 shows a sectional illustration along a line VIII-VIII in FIG. 6,

Fig. 9

7 with the components in the installed position,

10 and 11

7 in the area of a screw connection between a sealing film and the concrete element,

Fig. 12

8 with sectional polysulfide layers of the concrete elements lying against one another in the installed position,

13 to 18

respective cutouts of the area of the sealing joint with the pre-application of the adhesion promoter and a cover which can be moved by means of a printing device, and

19 and 20

respective sectional representations similar to FIG. 18 with polysulfide layers having a moldable consistency.

In Fig. 1 is an overall designated 1, for example Concrete element designed in the form of a paving stone shown, which is in the installation position (Fig. 2, Fig. 4) to a second concrete element 2 in the area of a Sealing joint 4 adjoins. Lie in this sealing joint 4 the two parts 1 and 2 with their side faces 3 towards each other.

The concrete element 1 designed according to the invention is already as a factory-fitted single part with one Adhesion booster pre-order 5, which at their in the Laying a sealing joint 4 facing side surface 3 is provided. This pre-order 5 is after the Forming the concrete element and curing it with appropriate Spraying tools can be applied to the surface. Through a two-layer structure of the pre-order adhesion booster 5 is a particularly intensive material bond Bond with the concrete base material can then be reached, if first a concrete-side primer application 6 and then a polysulfide layer 7 is applied thereon for the use of the primer layer's adhesion promoting function 6 to be applied within a period of up to about 6 hours and preferably with the same joint sealant there is an intimate connection when they are introduced. This setting time of joint sealant and Polysulfide pre-order can be done by, for example increased ambient temperature can be reduced.

The concrete elements 1 and 2 shown point in the area their side surfaces 3 on a support structure 9 in the area the sealing joint 4 provides a latching over the support structure is a widening the sealing joint 4 Slope 8 is provided over which the pre-adhesion promoter 5 applied in stripes over the entire length A. is (Fig. 1).

The primer layer 6 and the polysulfide layer 7 are in Area of the side surface 3 essentially the same Length (corresponding to the length A of the side surface 3) and Width B plotted, and the thickness D of the pre-application of the adhesion promoter 5 is preferably about 1 to 3 mm (FIG. 2), wherein the thickness of the primer layer 6 is approximately 0.05 mm to 1 mm and that of the polysulfide layer 7 is about 1 mm to 2 mm can. The decisive factor for the thickness of the layers is that the layers each have a full-surface design, so that the layer thickness on rough ground larger and the layer thickness less on smooth substrates can be measured.

The adhesion booster pre-order 5 can be in a multi-stage Application methods are generated by the fact that the cured Concrete element 1 the stripe Primer layer 6 is applied, then the concrete element 1 for a setting of the primer layer 6 temporarily stored and shortly thereafter on the polysulfide layer 7 the primer layer 6 is applied. The so prepared Concrete element 1, 2 is stored before shipping, so that A tough pre-order adhesive reinforcement for transport 5 is reached. The compositions the primer layer 6 and the polysulfide layer 7 can but also be coordinated so that an im both components can be applied at the same time and thus the application and setting process is shortened is.

When laying the concrete elements 1, 2 according to the invention is now a complex preparation of the sealing joint 4 unnecessary for a fluid-tight joint closure. The work phases according to FIGS. 2 and 4 clarify the procedure for laying the concrete elements 1 and 2, wherein in the first installation phase according to FIG. 2 between the two concrete elements 1 and 2 by means of a Device 10 to the sealing joint 4 on the bottom Filling sand filling over part of the side surface 3 11 is introduced. Afterwards or before the filling process can be in the extended joint area below the two adhesion booster pre-orders 5 one each Round cord 12 and 13 can be inserted. The completely fluid-tight joint sealing is then carried out with a Joint sealant 15 (Fig. 4) reached. This Joint sealant 15 is added after filling Presence of the round cords 12, 13 on the underside of this, otherwise limited by filling sand, one bilateral adhesion of the joint sealant 15 to the two concrete elements 1 and 2 is given. This two-sided liability is optimal in terms of load because it is negligible Movements of the concrete elements 1 and 2 without tearing the Joint sealant 15 are added.

There is one in the area of the two adhesion booster pre-orders 5 integral bond with joint sealant 15 educated. Because of the elimination of time-consuming preparatory work final jointing by means of joint sealant 15 also carried out by less experienced installation personnel become.

5 shows a modified filling of the sealing joint 4 shown. Instead of the two round cords 12 and 13 is a plastic strip 16 and 17 are provided, respectively from one material, e.g. HDPE, which consists of the polysulfide grout 7 or 15 no connection is received. It is also conceivable that the strips 16, 17 on the Side surface 3 of the concrete element 1.2 below the Pre-order 5 are glued. The strips 16, 17 can consist of a plastic material that according to the Production of the sealing joint 4 in the manner of a expanding foam an increase in volume Experiences (swelling) and the sealing joint 4 down tightly closed. On a construction site, the Filling sand 11 introduced into the lower area of the joint 4 and thereafter strips 16 and 17 can act of heat and / or a chemical reaction liquid to be swelled so that the closure is reached.

The concrete elements 1 and 2 are for optimal training the joint 4 prepared in the laying position so that Distance dimension W is greater than the width Z of the introduced grout 15 in its thinnest Cross-sectional area, which thus has a tear line R according to Art a predetermined breaking line is defined. The one in the manufacturing plant the polysulfide 7 and the primer 6 are applied can with an optically controllable application device (not shown) with exact adherence to the width Z ' take place, this being the area of the pre-order 5 determining dimension exactly on the contour of each adjacent side surface 3 of the concrete elements 1, 2 is coordinated, the grout 15 only in the area of Pre-order 5 forms the network and thus at Reliable installation of faulty joint seals are avoided.

The application of the pre-adhesive agent 5 on the respective side faces 3 of the concrete elements 1, 2 can their manufacture in the factory under optimal conditions for processing primer 6 and polysulfide 7 respectively. The connection quality can in particular through the temperature and humidity of the concrete building material as well as the temperature and humidity of the Ambient air are influenced so that during the Coating via an optimal temperature setting Moisture from the area of pre-order 5 largely is kept away and with consideration of the surrounding dew point Processing conditions are created that in the production of such pre-orders 5 on one Construction site not or only with high technical effort are reachable.

6 is a second embodiment of in the area a common sealing joint 4 'adjacent Concrete elements 21 and 22 shown, these at their Usable surface, for example, a ramp profile 23 exhibit. No closer to her on the inside shown plaster surface P (Fig. 2) directed Longitudinal side surfaces 24, 24 'are the concrete elements 21, 22 with a second sealing joint 25, for example a bottom-side sealing film 26 (FIG. 7), provided, the sealing film 26 in a more appropriate Execution via a screw connection 27 (sleeve 27 ', Screw 27 ''; Fig. 10, Fig. 11) with the two Concrete elements 21, 22 is connected.

The concrete elements 21 and 22 both on the respective longitudinal side surface 24, 24 'and in the area of the adjacent transverse side surfaces 28, 29 den Adhesion booster pre-order 5 (Fig. 8). The respective Layer thickness D of these pre-orders 5 is at the factory the manufacture dimensioned such that when installing a Connection rail 30 (Fig. 9, Fig. 11) one above and bead 31 running below the connecting rail 30, 32 is formed, and thus after the manufacture of Screw connection 27 and the bracing of the film 26 the pre-order 5 of the side surface 24, 24 ' Sealing joint 25 (Fig. 7, Fig. 10) in this area is reliably sealed fluid-tight (Fig. 9, Fig. 11).

The in the area of the transverse side surfaces 28 and 29 (Fig. 8, Fig. 12) applied adhesion booster pre-orders 5 in the assembly position (Fig. 12) so pressed together that over a corresponding layer thickness D ' Juxtaposition and cohesive connection of these Preorders 5 can be done. At the same time it connects the polysulfide 7 'of the pre-order 5 in the area of the Shaped beads 31, 32, located on the longitudinal side faces 24, 24 ' so that a complete form filling to the top Joint area 4 'out and the joint 25 is reached.

With a subsequent full joint filling (Similar to Fig. 5) the joint sealant 15 in Area of the front contours 9 'and 9' '(Fig. 8) so applied that the sealing joint 4 'completely up is filled to a height H of the pre-order 5. By which extend completely over the transverse side surfaces 28, 29 extending primer application 6 (Fig. 8, Fig. 12) is the Advantageously reduced laying effort on a construction site, because the preparation of the surfaces is not necessary. At the same time when the grout 15 is introduced Draft K on the concrete elements 21, 22 as one Height mark usable, so that even less trained Exact grouting can be carried out by personnel.

13 shows an enlarged detail in the upper Edge area of the concrete elements 21 and 22 an advantageous Training of pre-orders for adhesion promoters 5 in the Sealing joint 4 'above the support contours 9' 9 " Adhesion booster pre-order 5 is with one each this overlying cover 35 so that in the installation position of the concrete elements 21, 22 shown these covers 35 are opposite in the joint 4 '. The Cover 35 can be a plastic tape be formed that in the longitudinal direction Extends transverse side surfaces 28, 29. In a more appropriate way Execution is the cover 35 of a plastic ring 36 formed, which consists of rubber-elastic material and to cover the polysulfide layer 7 at the factory their curing via the respective concrete element 1, 2 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) or 21, 22 is tensioned. Likewise conceivable that this plastic ring 36 from a Foam is made up of after application and curing of the adhesion promoter pre-order 5 on the polysulfide layer 7 is sprayed on and then hardens so that a releasable connection to layer 7 is formed.

The further procedure is shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 assembly and fluid-tight laying of the concrete elements 21, 22 shown, whereby by means of a pressing device 37 and one movable in the direction of the arrow F, F ' Stamp part 38 opposite in the joint 4 ' Covers 35 moved down in the direction of the joint and a closed position shown in Fig. 16 in Cause gap area S. The pressing device 37 acc. FIG. 14 has a support leg 39, which is supported on the top of the concrete elements 21 and 22. at Initiation of a compressive force in the direction of arrow F will two covers 35 simultaneously with the front of the Stamp part 38 detected and in the vertical direction in the Groove 4 'pressed in. The displacement of the stamp 38 is adjustable via a height Stop part E limited. The pressing device 37 'acc. 15 has a second embodiment Stamp 38 'on only one of the covers 35 detected in the downward movement, so that two Pressure movements F and the respective return stroke F 'to Seal the joint 4 'and then the Polysulfide layers 7 are released (Fig. 16)

17 and 18 is a second embodiment of the Cover 35 'shown, this with a changed cross-sectional profile is provided. The cover 35 'has a contact contour 40 for the pressure stamp 38, 38 'on and towards the polysulfide layer 7 is a strip-shaped cover leg 41 shaped. 18 is the displacement position of the covers 35 'is shown, which together the bottom closure of the joint 4 ' effect and in this closed position in the area of Central longitudinal plane M are pressed together so that the System contour 40 is deformed.

After the covers 35, 35 'have been moved Surface of the respective polysulfide layer 7 exposed, so that the joint sealant shown in Fig. 5 15 (liquid polysulfide) also in the sealing joint 4 ' can be filled (in Fig. 16 and 18 not ) Shown. In the area of the bottom covers 35, 35 'is an unwanted inflow of this polysulfide sealant 15 prevented and at the same time by one suitable choice of material for the covers 35, 35 ' top adhesion of sealant 15 avoided.

Through the integral bond of the cast Sealing polysulfide with the two polysulfide layers 7 of the pre-orders 5 is that already shown in FIG. 5 Two-sided adhesion achieved with the minor Displacements of the concrete elements 21, 22 are recorded can. If the joint compound is overstressed 15, for example due to excessive displacement of the Elements 21 and 22, the joint compound is separated 15 (tear line R, Fig. 5) only in the area of the smallest Material thickness and thus at a distance T, T 'to respective side surfaces 28, 29. With this at the Assembly predetermined breaking line (tear line R) in the Grout 15 is the adhesive connection in the area of Primer layer 6 and layer 7 from damage protected. This allows repairs to be carried out with little effort on the "cracked" grout 15 (Fig. 5) so that only polysulfide is to be introduced and without repeated Primer order the tightness of the system again can be produced.

19 and 20 are adhesion promoter pre-orders 5 shown with a respective polysulfide layer 7 ' a firm, malleable under the influence of pressure Have consistency. This firm consistency enables in the factory formation of the polysulfide layer 7 ' largely any cross-sectional contours, so that for example, adjacent profile tips 42 on the Layer 7 'are formed, which is shown in the Press the installation position together so that a shape and / or Cohesive closure of the sealing joint 4 'cause and form a closed channel 43. In these Sealing joint 4 'is, as described above, in the area the trough 43 up to the filling height H (Fig. 8) Sealant 15 (Fig. 5) introduced and is the fluid-tight closure reached.

Has been particularly advantageous for the covers 35, 35 'the use of foam materials proven to be water-repellent overall or one have a water-repellent surface. So that one can the production and curing of the concrete elements 1, 2; 21 22 or occurring during their transport and storage (Evaporation) liquid can be tolerated and a Entry of moisture in the vicinity of the respective Pre-orders for polysulfide layers 7, 7 'are avoided. at the subsequent assembly on site is not additional drying effort required and Assembly work within the joint 4, 4 'is also then possible when laying elements 1, 2, 21, 22 under installation conditions with high humidity or Pollution must take place.

As easily removable covers 35, 35 'are stable Air cushion cords, fine-cell closed-cell EPE foam, a closed cell EPE foam and / or a foam with a water-repellent Cover skin used. With this largely elastic Foam cover 35, 35 'is a pollution of the Polysulfide layer 7 and / or its damage when Prevents transportation with high reliability.

The embodiment of the illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11 Sealing connection 25 in the form of the press connection can also with a plate part replacing the film 26, in particular made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP), be provided as a sealing layer (not shown). This inherently stable plate part is without that Connection rail 30 directly via the screw connection 27 attachable to the concrete element. The requires Press connection no pre-binder on the Concrete element, since the polysulfide 7 on the plate part can be applied in the adhesive and then generated Press position using the full surface on the concrete element adjacent polysulfide layer an optical control of the Tightness in the area of the joint 25 or the bead 31 and 32 is possible.

The adhesion promoter pre-orders according to the invention show in a first embodiment on a primer layer 6, which an organic solvent epoxy resin exists, so the preparation and processing because Flammability and risk of explosion of these components requires special security measures. Moreover require such solvent-containing epoxy resin primer layers 6 Dry one in the application area Concrete block 1, 2; 21, 22 and one only within narrow limits variable processing temperature to ensure optimal adhesion to reach the concrete material.

These special conditions when processing the Epoxy resin is required in the manufacture of concrete blocks and their factory coating a disadvantage complex technological process, in which both a to produce dry surface for coating as also an influence of the concrete quality by a rapid hardening of the cast concrete by the Avoid drying temperature.

For this reason, in a second embodiment of the pre-application of the adhesion promoter, an epoxy resin mixture dispersed in water is to be used for the primer layer 6, so that the surface of the respective concrete block 1, 2; 21, 22 has sufficient liability and, as a solvent-free dispersion, is neither self-igniting nor explosive and thus enables the preparation of the pre-orders for adhesion promoters to be produced with little effort. The ingredients of the epoxy resin dispersion in water are only benzyl alcohol, solid epoxy resin and bisphenol-A-epichlorohydrin resins. Each of these substances contains 1 to 10% by weight.
Instead of this epoxy resin dispersion in water, a polyamine dispersion in water can also be provided as the primer layer 6.

As particularly advantageous in the manufacture of the Concrete elements 1 has a full area order Primer layer 6 'on the respective side surfaces 3 (Fig. 1; 2) and 28, 29 (Fig. 8; 12), respectively especially the upper draft slope K also with the primer order 6 'is provided and this over the slope 8 into the area of the filling sand 11 provided joint boundary surfaces. On the Concrete elements 1 is after their shaping and curing by means of a spraying process in the manufacturing plant (arrow S ', Fig. 1) applied the primer layer 6' so that the Concrete element 1 on all side surfaces 3 Circumferential contour has a seal.

In the area provided in the area of a petrol station or the like Installation position of the concrete elements 1, 2 (Fig. 4) is in the area their top and / or their draft K one Penetration of pollutants, such as oil, gasoline, etc. Like., conceivable. These pollutants can up to Slant 8 penetrate the concrete material. in the Close area of the side surfaces 3 prevents the entire surface sprayed on and effective as a sealer primer layer 6 ' an escape of the pollutants to the filling sand 11 so that its contact with pollutants and / or Soil contamination will be avoided (Pollutant: arrow P, Fig. 4).

The factory order of the primer layer 6 'as full-surface sealing of the concrete elements 1 is largely possible without loss of spray and drip, as appropriate Devices are applicable (not shown). On the other hand, these are for a subsequent order Primer sealing layer 6 'disadvantageous on a construction site Contamination of the floor open in the installation area conceivable and also a reliable control of the full area Application of the primer layer 6 'in the area of when laying formed joint is only possible with great effort.

Claims (19)

1. Concrete element for placement in fluid-tight coverings of useful surfaces, particularly in the form of a paving stone, a wall element, a concrete slab or the like, which in its installed position lies with at least one side-surface (3) adjacent to a sealing joint (4), characterised in that the concrete element (1, 2; 21, 22) is provided at its place of manufacture on each side surface (3; 24, 24') facing a sealing joint (4; 4'; 25) with a preliminary adhesion-reinforcing layer (5) extending over at least part of each surface, whereby this layer exhibits a two-layer construction comprising a primer layer (6) directly in contact with the concrete together and a polysulphide layer (7, 7') covering the former layer.
2. Concrete element in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the preliminary adhesion-reinforcing layer (5) is present in strip form.
3. Concrete element in accordance with claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the primer layer (6) has a thickness of between 0.05 and 1 mm
4. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the polysulphide layer (7) has a thickness of between 1 and 2 mm
5. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the primer layer (6) and the polysulphide layer (7) are basically applied so as to have the same finished length (A) and breadth (B)
6. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that all its sides (3) are provided with the preliminary adhesion-reinforcing layer (5).
7. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the preliminary adhesion-reinforcing layer (5) is arranged to be in the proximity of a supporting structure (9) forming part of the side surface (3) of the concrete element.
8. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the polysulphide layer (7) is applied to the primer layer (6) once this has set.
9. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the polysulphide layer (7) is applied to the primer layer (6) immediately after the latter has been applied.
10. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a round cord (12, 13) and / or a plastic strip (16, 17) is / are applied to the side surface (3) in the proximity of the preliminary adhesion-reinforcing layer (5)
11. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the preliminary adhesion-reinforcing layer (5) has a covering element (35) which lies over at least a part of the area of that layer.
12. Concrete element in accordance with claim 11, characterised in that the covering element (35) consists of a plastic ring (36) applied to the polysulphide layer (7) without any adhesive bonding.
13. Concrete element in accordance with claim 11 or 12, characterised in that the covering element (35) consists of a sprayed foam material.
14. Concrete element in accordance with claim 11 or 12, characterised in that the covering (35) element consists of a rubber-elastic material.
15. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 11 to 14, characterised in that the round cord (12, 13), the plastic strip (16 / 17) and / or the covering element (35) each consist of a water-repellent material or is provided with a water-repellent surface
16. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 11 to 15, characterised in that the covering element (35) adheres to the polysulphide layer (7) in a detachable manner and that it may be displaced from the attached position by means of a pressure device (37).
17. Concrete element in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the polysulphide layer (7, 7') is of such a consistency that it can be shaped by the application of pressure and in that the polysulphide jointing material (15) having a liquid-consistency when it is inserted is capable of combining with the polysulphide layers (7; 7') opposing one another in the joint (4; 4') so as to produce a firm autogenous bond.
18. Concrete element in accordance with one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the preliminary adhesion-reinforcing layer (5) in the region of its polysulphide layer (7") is pressed against a sealing film (26) by means of a connecting bar (30) bolted to the concrete element (21, 22) in such a manner that the pressure causes the accumulation of pulysulphide in the region of the joint (25) to form protruding lips (31, 32)
19. Concrete element in accordance with one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the primer layer (6) is applied so as to cover the full area of the side surfaces (3) and to form a protective layer against harmful materials (Arrow P).

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